Papers by sahar ravanshad
BMC Medical Education
Background Training professional medical experts is so much dependent on the efficacy of the medi... more Background Training professional medical experts is so much dependent on the efficacy of the medical curriculum. Bearing this in mind, we aimed to evaluate the attitude of the undergraduate medical students toward the Early clinical exposure (ECE) program as a facilitator transition to the clinical phase. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on undergraduate medical students at the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran who were transferring from the pre-clinical course to the externship course from 2021 to 2022 by census method (i.e. all eligible students were included and no sampling was performed). An eight-session ECE intervention was performed on the participants by two professors of the Internal medicine department of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. The participants’ attitude toward the program and the program quality was assessed with the valid and reliable scale developed by Mirzazadeh et al. (Cronbach’s al...
Rheumatology
ObjectivesJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disorder in ch... more ObjectivesJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disorder in children. Alt-hough methotrexate (MTX) is the first line disease-modifying antirheumatic drug for JIA, many pa-tients do not respond well or cannot tolerate MTX. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of combination therapy of MTX and leflunomide (LFN) with MTX in patients who do not respond to MTX.Material and methodsEighteen patients (2–20 years old) with polyarticular, oligoarticular or extended oligoarticular sub-types of JIA who did not respond to conventional JIA therapy participated in this double-blind, pla-cebo-controlled, randomized trial. The intervention group received LFN and MTX for 3 months while the control group received oral placebo and MTX at a similar dose to the intervention group. Re-sponse to treatment was assessed every 4 weeks using the American College of Rheumatology Pe-diatric criteria (ACRPed) scale.ResultsClinical criteria, including number of active ...
Journal of Medical Virology
Therapeutic approaches with immune‐modulatory effects such as probiotics and prebiotics adjuvant ... more Therapeutic approaches with immune‐modulatory effects such as probiotics and prebiotics adjuvant therapy may be essential to combat against COVID‐19 pandemic. The present trial aimed to reveal the efficacy of synbiotic supplementation on clinical and paraclinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. The current randomized placebo‐controlled trial enrolled 78 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID‐19 infection. Participants were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups that received synbiotic or placebo capsules twice daily for 2 weeks, respectively. The synbiotic capsule contains multi‐strain probiotics such as Lactobacillus (L.) rhamnosus, L. helveticus, L. casei, Bifidobacterium (B.) lactis, L. acidophilus, B. breve, L. bulgaricus, B. longum, L. plantarum, B. bifidum, L. gasseri, and Streptococcus (S.) thermophilus (109 CFU), as well as fructooligosaccharides prebiotic agent. Besides COVID‐19 clinical features, levels of proinflammatory interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)...
Current respiratory medicine reviews, Jul 8, 2024
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases, Jul 1, 2022
Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2022
Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies
The novel coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19), which spread rapidly and became a global pandemic, can cau... more The novel coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19), which spread rapidly and became a global pandemic, can cause respiratory failure, possibly requiring hospital stay or intensive care unit treatment. While COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, evidence has shown that it may also affect other body organs such as the heart. Survivors of COVID-19 may develop physical, respiratory, cardiac, and psychological impairments as well as reduced quality of life. Also, the long-term consequences of COVID-19 remain unclear. Hence, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation should be started as soon as possible to alleviate dyspnea, preserve function, minimize disability, reduce complications, relieve anxiety, and improve quality of life. In this study, we summarized the current cardiopulmonary rehabilitation guidelines and protocols for patients with COVID-19.
Journal of pediatric nephrology, 2021
Background and Aim: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment modality for end-stage rena... more Background and Aim: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment modality for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children. Despite its benefits and advances that have been accomplished, pediatric kidney transplantation remains a challenge in terms of achieving a satisfactory outcome. We sought to evaluate the outcome of pediatric kidney transplantation in Mashhad. Methods: Data were acquired retrospectively from children below 18 years old who underwent kidney transplantation in three main hospitals of Mashhad from 2000 to 2014. After obtaining written informed consent from parents, data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with the SPSS software. Results: Of 52 children, 51.9% were boys and 48.1% were girls with a mean age of 13.3 ± 4.3 years. Among them, 8 (15.4%) children received transplants from relative live donors, 16 (30.8%) from non-relative live donors, and 28 (53.8%) from deceased donors. The most common etiology leading to ESRD in these children was re...
Scientific Reports, 2021
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with a variety of symptoms. Severity of the disea... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with a variety of symptoms. Severity of the disease may be associated with several factors. Here, we review clinical features of COVID-19 inpatients with different severities. This cross-sectional study was performed in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran, during February–April 2020. COVID-19 patients with typical computed tomography (CT) patterns and/or positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included. The patients were classified into three groups of moderate, severe, and critical based on disease severity. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings were collected and compared. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Overall, 200 patients with mean age of 69.75 ± 6.39 years, of whom 82 (41%) were female were studied. Disease was severe/critical in the majority of patients (167, 83.5%). Disease severity was significantly associated with age, malignant comorbidities, dyspnea, n...
Reviews in Clinical Medicine, 2020
Introduction: Nowadays, fake doctors, known as “Bandis” in our country Iran, represent themselves... more Introduction: Nowadays, fake doctors, known as “Bandis” in our country Iran, represent themselves as traditional healers and use superstitious ideas for the healing of the ill, especially children. Their activities do not comply with any scientific methods. No research has been focused on this issue. The present study aimed to evaluate the education and social levels of the patients and their reasons for referring to these quackeries.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,300 children who were managed in the pediatric clinics of Dr. Sheikh Hospital for children, which is a tertiary care center in Mashhad, Iran. Informed consent was obtained from the guardians and patients. Upon examination, the parents of the children were asked to complete a checklist for data collection. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16, and the P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In total, 1,300 children (621 females and 679 male) aged 2.5-12 y...
Journal of pediatric nephrology, 2021
Backgroundand Aim:Rituximab is a novel therapy that can help patients with steroid-dependent or r... more Backgroundand Aim:Rituximab is a novel therapy that can help patients with steroid-dependent or resistant nephrotic syndrome.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rituximab in children with corticosteroid-dependent and resistant nephrotic syndrome and to determine the factors associated with its efficacy. Methods:In this study, 40 children with corticosteroid-dependent or resistant nephrotic syndrome who were treated with rituximab in Dr. Sheikh Hospital,Mashhad,between 2014 and 2018 were enrolled. Patients with a history of hematuria, severe urinary tract infection, or secondary nephrotic syndrome were excluded. Results:The mean age of patients was 11.9 ± 5.04 years, and 55% were female. The most common underlying pathology of nephrotic syndrome was focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS) (42.5%) followed by membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and minimal change disease (MCD). Most of the participants (62.5%) were steroid-dependent and the rest (27.5%)...
Journal of pediatric nephrology, 2019
Background and Aim: Giggle incontinence, also known as “enuresis risoria”, is characterized by un... more Background and Aim: Giggle incontinence, also known as “enuresis risoria”, is characterized by unexpected, involuntary, and complete bladder voiding in response to laughter. The cause is unknown; however, there are different assumptions based on several case studies. This research discusses the effectiveness of methylphenidate for giggle incontinence in children. Methods: Fifteen girls who met the giggle incontinence criteria were randomly divided to two groups: group A (n=8 girls) and group B (n=7 girls). The participants in group A took Oxybutynin chloride and the patients in group B received methylphenidate for one month. The response of the two groups to drugs was assessed. Results : Group A included 8 girls (mean age: 7.7 years) and group B comprised 7 girls (mean age: 8.4 years). Only one patient in group A showed complete response to Oxybutynin chloride. No wetting was reported by six patients in group B. Conclusion : Giggle incontinence is a rare form of incontinence. The pa...
Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with a variety of symptoms. Severity ... more Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with a variety of symptoms. Severity of the disease may be associated with several factors. Here, we review clinical features of COVID-19 patients with different severities.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran, during February-April 2020. COVID-19 patients with typical computed tomography (CT) patterns and/or positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included. The patients were classified into three groups of moderate, severe, and critical based on disease severity. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings were collected and compared. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Overall, 200 patients with mean age of 69.75±6.39 years, of whom 82 (41%) were female were studied. Disease was severe/critical in the majority of patients (167, 83.5%). Disease severity was significantly associated with age, malignant com...
Iranian journal of kidney diseases, 2019
INTRODUCTION Nocturnal enuresis is a condition, which can affectthe quality of life in children. ... more INTRODUCTION Nocturnal enuresis is a condition, which can affectthe quality of life in children. The present study was designed toinvestigate the efficacy of low-dose imipramine combined withdesmopressin on treatment of patients with primary nocturnalenuresis who were defined as desmopressin non-responders. METHODS A randomized clinical trial was carried out on patientswith primary nocturnal enuresis. Forty children with enuresisranging from 5 to 12 years old were randomly divided into theintervention (n = 20) and control groups (n = 20). The subjects inthe intervention group were treated with desmopressin combinedwith 5 mg imipramine at bedtime, and those in the control groupwere given desmopressin alone. The patients were followed upweekly for one month. The number of wet nights was recorded. RESULTS Two individuals in the intervention and three individualsin the control group were excluded from the study. Our findingsindicated that the age and gender showed no significant differe...
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers among men and women worldwide. Pa... more Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers among men and women worldwide. Patients who are diagnosed at the early stages of the disease have a significantly better prognosis, lower mortality, and lower burden of the disease. Thus, screening methods, namely colonoscopy, and fecal occult blood test are effective means of a timely diagnosis. However, there are pearls and pitfalls among doctors in the decision to participate and implement these methods. This article aims to evaluate and discuss the attitude and behavior of physicians toward colonoscopy screening. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 81 physicians working in academic hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, between February and May 2019. Data were gathered using demographic information checklists and a researcher-developed checklist to evaluate the attitude of physicians towards the benefits and necessity of colonoscopy. Data were analyzed using SPSS so...
Reviews in Clinical Medicine, 2021
Lung cancer is among the most common types of cancer with considerable mortality and morbidity ar... more Lung cancer is among the most common types of cancer with considerable mortality and morbidity around the globe. There are various risk factors involved in the development of lung cancer, and cancer prevention plans are mainly based on controlling the modifiable risk factors. While tobacco smoking is considered the main modifiable risk factor of lung cancer, some other modifiable factors including diet have become the center of attention in recent years. Although tobacco smoking control is one of the main strategies for preventing lung cancer in many countries, it has been discussed that eating a healthy diet can also be an adjuvant strategy for reducing the risk of developing lung cancer. In the present narrative review, we did a literature search for studies that addressed the effect of the Mediterranean diet on the development of lung cancer. Our findings show that different types of Mediterranean diets could be beneficial for reducing the risk of developing lung cancer.Â
Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology, 2021
Background and Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reportedly associated with sleep... more Background and Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reportedly associated with sleep disorders. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate sleep disorders in newly diagnosed SLE patients. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on patients with newly diagnosed SLE (ie, case group) and a control group. The case and control groups were matched in terms of gender, age, socioeconomic status, and educational level. Venous blood samples were obtained from the participants to measure prolactin and melatonin levels. Furthermore, they were subjected to polysomnography. The data were analysed by SPSS (version 16) at a significance level of 0.05. Results: A total of 28 women were enrolled in this study (ie, 14 individuals in each group). The frequencies of sleep disorder in the case and control groups were obtained as 64.3% and 50%, respectively (P=0.4). These two groups had the mean sleep onset times of 10.76±10.64 and 8.67±7.12 min (P=0.5) and the respiratory disturban...
Journal of pediatric nephrology, 2020
The new coronavirus outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-C... more The new coronavirus outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV2) has resulted in more than 126750 deaths worldwide so far and billions of expenses for the governments. SARS-CoV2, similar to SARS, was transmitted from bats and spread via human to human closed contacts. The virus uses its spike protein to bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors on target cells to replicate. Consequently, it spreads from infected cells to contaminate other cells. The body’s first response toward the virus is to activate the innate immune system, leading to the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. In the next step, the adaptive immune system appears where B lymphocytes produce antibodies specific for the virus, and CD8+ cells kill the infected cells directly. In this article, we try to explain the virus mechanism of action and immune response in detail. Although many questions remain unanswered, we expect this review could help in vaccine and treatment prog...
Iranian journal of kidney diseases, 2020
INTRODUCTION There are some randomized trials which have already evaluated different calcineurin ... more INTRODUCTION There are some randomized trials which have already evaluated different calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), especially comparing Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine, as immunosuppressant agents in children. However, their findings have been occasionally conflicting and thus debatable. Therefore, the evidence on safety and efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation in children has been inconclusive and argued to date. This study was aimed to compare the benefits and disadvantages of tacrolimus versus cyclosporine as the primary immunosuppression after renal transplantation in children. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was done. An electronic literature review was conducted to identify appropriate studies. The outcomes were presented as relative risk, with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Five qualified randomized controlled trials were included in this systematic review. Tacrolimus was insignificantly superior to cyclosporine considering the tota...
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Papers by sahar ravanshad