pragyan dahal

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Hi !!! Welcome to my scientific academia profile.I am Pragyan, a passionate Clinical Microbiologist who loves to teach and research any scientific experiments of Medical/Clinical Microbiology that are under my areas of expertises.

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Prof. Dr. Chandra Prakash Bhatt

Kathmandu Medical College

Ahmet Özbilgin

Celal Bayar University

Justine Rudkin

University of Oxford

Thanh L To

Vietnam National University, Hanoi

rudolph bauer

Washington Center for Consciousness Studies

Vijay Kumar

ICGEB-India

Alaa Al-Charrakh

University of Babylon

Idika K Idika

University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Sergey Netesov

Novosibirsk State University

Ayman AE

Cairo University Faculty of Medicine

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Phenotypical Detection of β-Lactamases in a Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Chryseobacterium indologens: A Rare Human Pathogen With Special References to Risk Factor

Microbiology Insights

Chryseobacterium indologenes is gram-negative bacteria that cause infection in humans. It is less... more Chryseobacterium indologenes is gram-negative bacteria that cause infection in humans. It is less frequently isolated in the laboratory. The development of drug-resistant and its intrinsic ability to resist a wide range of antimicrobials enables them to cause mortality in an immunocompromised patient with a longer hospital stay. Our study objectives are to investigate antimicrobial-resistant patterns, drug-resistant enzymes, and the risk factor analysis associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and Pan-drug resistant (PDR) within 2 years. Altogether 53 strains of Chryseobacterium indologens were obtained from 5000 specimens that were processed for routine bacterial culture. The bacterial identification was done using conventional techniques (colony morphology, gram staining, flexirubin test, and biochemical tests) as well as the VITEK-2 System to further confirm. The bacterial isolate were processed to observe antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST...

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Superficial Fungal Infection among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

Fungal infections of hair, nail, and skin are common worldwide and tend to increase. The present ... more Fungal infections of hair, nail, and skin are common worldwide and tend to increase. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dermatomycoses, estimate the efficiency of rapid potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet-mount, and observe the hygienic status and the predisposing risk factors. Altogether 115 samples (nail = 77, skin = 30, and hair = 8) were obtained in a duration of December 2019 to June 2020 at Grande International Hospital, Nepal. The samples were examined by KOH wet-mount microscopy and further processed for culture. The dermatophyte test medium (DTM) was used to isolate dermatophytes separately. The fungal colonies obtained in SDA, SDA with cycloheximide/chloramphenicol and dermatophyte medium were subjected to lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB) reagent to study fungal morphology. The yeast colonies grown on SDA were subjected to Gram staining, germ-tube tests, and biochemical tests for identification. CHROMagar was used to distinguish different Candida specie...

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Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antidandruff Activities of Leaf Extract of Artemisia indica

Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021

Background: Artemisia indica is a traditionally used medicinal plant in the treatment of various ... more Background: Artemisia indica is a traditionally used medicinal plant in the treatment of various conditions such as loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort, antimalarial infection, dermal wound infection, etc. Objectives: This study aims to determine the presence of phytochemical content, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidandruff activity of leaf extract of A. indica. Materials and Methods: Dried ground leaves were subjected to a cold extraction method using an absolute concentration of methanol, ethanol, and water. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and proanthocyanidin content was estimated by using a linear regression equation from the calibration curve and expressed in terms of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and rutin equivalent (RE). Antioxidant properties were determined using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide assay, and their IC 50 values were calculated. The antibacterial activity was tested using the agar well diffusion method against the common five pathogenic strains, and the zone of inhibition is compared with gentamicin (1 mg/mL) as a positive control. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was obtained by the microbroth dilution method. The antidandruff assay was performed on Malassezia furfur by the disk diffusion method into Sabouraud dextrose agar overlaid with 1 mL of olive oil, and the MIC value was determined by the microtiter plate method. Results: The result showed that the Artemisia methanolic extract represents ample content of phenolics (248±3.29 mg/g of GAE), flavonoids (222.33±4.41 mg/g of RE), and proanthocyanidin (222.83±1.62 mg/g of RE equivalent). The antioxidant assay revealed that methanolic extract has the highest radical scavenging activity followed by aqueous extract and then ethanolic extract. The antibacterial activity of leaf extract shows MIC value ranging from 6 to 25 µg/mL against various human pathogenic bacteria. The antidandruff assay showed that MIC value of methanolic extract is lesser than that of ethanolic extract (350<400) mg/mL. Conclusion: The results concluded that leaf extract of A. indica contains phenolics, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidin and exhibits adequate antibacterial, antidandruff, and antioxidant activity.

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Challenges in Laboratory Diagnosis of Malaria in a Low-Resource Country at Tertiary Care in Eastern Nepal: A Comparative Study of Conventional vs. Molecular Methodologies

Journal of Tropical Medicine

For ongoing malaria elimination programmes, available methods such as microscopy and rapid diagno... more For ongoing malaria elimination programmes, available methods such as microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) cannot detect all malaria cases in acute febrile illness. These methods are entirely dependent on the course of infection, parasite load, and skilled technical resources. Our study objectives were to estimate the performance of light microscopy and a RDT as well as real-time PCR for the detection of the Plasmodium parasite. Altogether, 52 blood samples collected from patients with acute febrile illness were tested by microscopy, RDT, and real-time PCR. The results were compared in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Microscopy detected the malaria parasite in 5.8% of the blood samples whereas 13.5% were detected by the RDT and 27% by real-time PCR. Considering real-time PCR as the gold standard method, microscopy had a sensitivity of 21.4% and a specificity of 100%, and the RDT had a sensitivity of 28.6% and a specificity of 92.1%. Microscopy together with the RDT suc...

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Phenotypical Detection of β-Lactamases in a Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Chryseobacterium indologens: A Rare Human Pathogen With Special References to Risk Factor

Microbiology Insights

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Superficial Fungal Infection among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antidandruff Activities of Leaf Extract of Artemisia indica

Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021

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Challenges in Laboratory Diagnosis of Malaria in a Low-Resource Country at Tertiary Care in Eastern Nepal: A Comparative Study of Conventional vs. Molecular Methodologies

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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