Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. CD4 T cells respo... more Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. CD4 T cells responding to Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the core protein of most lipoproteins, have been identified as critical disease modulators. In healthy individuals, ApoB-reactive (ApoB+) CD4 T cells are mostly regulatory T cells (Tregs), which exert anti-inflammatory effects. Yet, they may obtain pro-inflammatory features and thus become proatherogenic. Evidence from animal studies suggests that vaccination against certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II-binding ApoB peptides induces an expansion of ApoB+ Tregs and thus confers atheroprotection. To date, in-depth phenotyping of vaccine-expanded ApoB+ T cells has not yet been performed. To this end, we vaccinated C57BL/6J mice with the ApoB-peptide P6 (ApoB978–993 TGAYSNASSTESASY) and performed single-cell RNA sequencing of tetramer-sorted P6+ T cells. P6+ cells were clonally expanded (one major, two minor clones) and formed a transcriptional ...
Background Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and ... more Background Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and provide disease- and treatment-relevant data in clinical studies. Here, we developed combined protein (40 antibodies) and transcript single-cell (sc)RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in PBMCs. Results Among 31 participants in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), we sequenced 41,611 cells. Using Boolean gating followed by Seurat UMAPs (tool for visualizing high-dimensional data) and Louvain clustering, we identified 50 subsets among CD4+ T, CD8+ T, B, NK cells, and monocytes. This resolution was superior to flow cytometry, mass cytometry, or scRNA-seq without antibodies. Combined protein and transcript scRNA-seq allowed for the assessment of disease-related changes in transcriptomes and cell type proportions. As a proof-of-concept, we showed such differences between healthy and matched individuals living with HIV with and without cardiovascular disease. Conclusions In conclusion, combined p...
Atherosclerosis is accompanied by a CD4 T cell response to apolipoprotein B (APOB). Major Histoco... more Atherosclerosis is accompanied by a CD4 T cell response to apolipoprotein B (APOB). Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-II tetramers can be used to isolate antigen-specific CD4 T cells by flow sorting. Here, we produce, validate and use an MHC-II tetramer, DRB1*07:01 APOB-p18, to sort APOB-p18-specific cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 8 DRB1*07:01+ women with and without subclinical cardiovascular disease (sCVD). Single cell RNA sequencing showed that transcriptomes of tetramer+ cells were between regulatory and memory T cells in healthy women and moved closer to memory T cells in women with sCVD. TCR sequencing of tetramer+ cells showed clonal expansion and V and J segment usage similar to those found in regulatory T cells. These findings suggest that APOB-specific regulatory T cells may switch to a more memory-like phenotype in women with atherosclerosis. Mouse studies showed that such switched cells promote atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, lipid-driven disease of medium sized arteries which causes myocardi... more Atherosclerosis is a chronic, lipid-driven disease of medium sized arteries which causes myocardial infarction and stroke. Recently, an adaptive immune response against the plaque-associated autoantigen Apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB), the structural protein component of low-density lipoprotein, has been implicated in atherogenesis. In healthy individuals, CD4+T cells responding to ApoB mainly comprised regulatory T cells, which confer immune tolerance and atheroprotection. Mice and patients with atherosclerosis harbor increased numbers of proatherogenic ApoB-reactive T-helper cell subsets. Given the lack of therapies targeting proatherogenic immunity, clarification of the underlying mechanisms is of high clinical relevance. T cells develop in the thymus, where strong autoreactive T cells are eliminated in the process of negative selection. Herein, we investigated whether the transcription factor autoimmune regulator (AIRE), which controls expression of numerous tissue-restricted self-an...
Integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion starts by arrest from rolling. Activation of integrins invo... more Integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion starts by arrest from rolling. Activation of integrins involves conformational changes from an inactive, bent conformation to an extended conformation (E+) with high affinity for ligand binding (H+). The cytoplasmic protein kindlin-3 is necessary for leukocyte adhesion; mutations of kindlin-3 cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 3. Kindlin-3 binds the β2-integrin cytoplasmic tail at a site distinct from talin-1, but the molecular mechanism by which kindlin-3 activates β2-integrins is unknown. In this study, we measured the spatiotemporal dynamics of kindlin-3 and β2-integrin conformation changes during neutrophil and HL-60 cell rolling and arrest under flow. Using high-resolution quantitative dynamic footprinting microscopy and kindlin-3–fluorescent protein (FP) fusion proteins, we found that kindlin-3 was recruited to the plasma membrane in response to interleukin-8 (IL-8) before induction of the H+ β2-integrin conformation. Intravital imag...
The COVID-19 pandemic, the ongoing opioid epidemic, rise in substance use, and social and politic... more The COVID-19 pandemic, the ongoing opioid epidemic, rise in substance use, and social and political unrest in the US and globally has impacted how substance use-related health needs are addressed. These issues were driving forces in planning AMERSA's 44th annual conference. True to the multidisciplinary spirit, and with diversity goals and advocacy at the forefront of mind, “together we rise” became the beacon for the AMERSA 2020 conference. This commentary provides an overview of the conference proceedings, topics that were highly relevant for clinicians, educators, researcher, and advocates for change. s of paper and poster presentations are also provided (Supplemental Material).
Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and provide dis... more Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and provide disease- and treatment-relevant data in clinical studies. Here, we developed combined protein (40 antibodies) and transcript single cell (sc)RNA sequencing in PBMCs. Among 31 participants in the WIHS Study, we sequenced 41,611 cells. Using Boolean gating followed by Seurat UMAPs and Louvain clustering, we identified 58 subsets among CD4 T, CD8 T, B, NK cells and monocytes. This resolution was superior to flow cytometry, mass cytometry or scRNA-sequencing without antibodies. Since the transcriptome was not needed for cell identification, combined protein and transcript scRNA-Seq allowed for the assessment of disease-related changes in transcriptomes and cell type proportion. As a proof-of-concept, we showed such differences between healthy and matched individuals living with HIV with and without cardiovascular disease. In conclusion, combined protein and transcript scRNA sequencing is a suit...
Ensuring the safety of hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder who inject substances frequ... more Ensuring the safety of hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder who inject substances frequently presents management challenges for hospital staff. This commentary expounds on those challenges and offers areas of opportunity to provide patient-centered care for these patients.
Background: Within the United States, there is a shortage of opioid treatment programs (OTPs), fa... more Background: Within the United States, there is a shortage of opioid treatment programs (OTPs), facilities which dispense methadone for opioid use disorder. It is unknown how pharmacy-based methadone dispensing, as available internationally, could affect methadone access. We aimed to compare drive times to the nearest OTP with drive times to the nearest chain pharmacy in urban and rural census tracts. Methods: Cross-sectional geospatial analysis of 2018 OTP location data and 2017 pharmacy location data. We included census tracts with non-zero population in Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia, states with highest rates of opioid overdose deaths. Our outcome was minimum drive time in minutes from census tract mean center of population to the nearest dispensing facility. Results: Among 7918 census tracts, median (IQR) drive time to OTPs increased from urban to increasingly rural census tract classification [16.1 min (10.2-25.9) to 48.4 min (34.0-63.3);p < .001]. Median (IQR) drive time to OTPs was greater than drive time to chain pharmacies among all census tracts: 19.6 min (11.6-35.1) versus 4.4 min (2.9-7.7) respectively; p < .001. The median (IQR) difference in drive time was greater for increasingly rural census tracts [11.5 min (6.1-19.2) to 35.2 min (19.6-49.7); p < .001] with pharmacy-based methadone dispensing. Conclusion: Rural census tracts have disproportionately long drive times to OTPs. Drawing from policies to increase methadone access in countries like Canada and Australia, this geographic methadone disparity could be mitigated through implementation of pharmacy-based methadone dispensing.
Black peat samples deposited in between sandy clay layers were collected from an uncovered profil... more Black peat samples deposited in between sandy clay layers were collected from an uncovered profile at Rajarhat,24 Paraganas (N), 20 km extreme North East of the city of Kolkata, (22°34’N, 88°30′ E) West Bengal. The profile resulted from an excavation made during the construction of a multi story building. Palynological investigations of the peat samples revealed a large deposits of pollen grains of mangrove species such as Heritiera, Excoecaria, Rhizophora, Sonneratia, Avicennia, Bruguiera, Nypa Barringtonia, Phoenix paludosa, Aegicerasetc. Pollen grains of grasses, some freshwater plants, as well as fern spores (such as Acrostichum, Pteris, Pteridium and Polypodium) were also recovered in large quantities. All were found from a peat layer formed at a depth of about 5.35m to 6.14m from the surface. The fossil pollen assemblage found indicates the prevalence of a past typical mangrove vegetation, which is presently observed in the Sundarbans region (a mangrove swamps, about 85km sout...
It is estimated that 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder (OUD) an... more It is estimated that 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder (OUD) and an estimated 130 deaths from opioid overdose occur each day. 1 However, it is estimated that only 20% to 40% of individuals with OUD receive medications such as buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone to treat this disorder. 2 In this Viewpoint, we discuss how allowing the sale of buprenorphine without a prescription in emergency circumstances could expand its use. and may benefit both individuals and the wider population.
SummaryStringent regulation of TNF signaling prevents aberrant inflammation. TNF engages the cano... more SummaryStringent regulation of TNF signaling prevents aberrant inflammation. TNF engages the canonical NF-κB pathway for activating the RelA:p50 heterodimer, which mediates specific expressions of pro-inflammatory and immune response genes. Importantly, the NF-κB system discriminates between time-varied TNF inputs. Negative feedback regulators of the canonical pathway, including IκBα, are thought to ensure transient RelA:p50 responses to brief TNF stimulations. The noncanonical NF-κB pathway controls a separate RelB activity associated with immune differentiation. In a systems modeling approach, we uncovered an unexpected role of p100, a constituent of the noncanonical pathway, in TNF signaling. Brief TNF stimulation of p100-deficient cells produced an additional late NF-κB activity consisted of the RelB:p50 heterodimer, which distorted the TNF-induced gene-expression program. Periodic TNF pulses augmented this RelB:p50 activity, which was reinforced by NF-κB-dependent RelB synthesi...
Clerodendron serratum (Linn.) Moon (family: Verbenaceae) is used in Indian System of Medicine for... more Clerodendron serratum (Linn.) Moon (family: Verbenaceae) is used in Indian System of Medicine for asthma and cough. In the present study the extract of the bark of the plant was standardized using oleanolic acid as a marker. Methanolic extracts of the bark were prepared after defatting. HPTLC was used to quantify oleanolic acid in the extract. Percentage content of oleanolic acid in the methanolic extract was determined as 1.2% in contrast to the raw material at 0.058 % (Percentage yield of the extract 4.8%).
International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking, 2017
In a social network people are connected by relationships, business purpose or transaction activi... more In a social network people are connected by relationships, business purpose or transaction activity. The increasing demand of social network analysis and how to improve the architecture is of utmost importance for the organizations who are regularly trying to improve the service through social network analysis. Social network analysis views social relationship in terms of network theory. Social networks connect people at very low cost and this network acts as a customer relationship management tool for increasing sales of organization in terms of goods and services. Different models are proposed and utilized in different platforms. In this model, the authors have proposed a cluster-based structure to improve performance of social networks.
Current guideline-recommended monitoring of patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) f... more Current guideline-recommended monitoring of patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) for chronic pain will likely result in increased identification of behaviors of concern for misuse and addiction, but there is a dearth of empiric evidence about how these behaviors should be managed. To establish expert consensus about treatment approaches for common and challenging concerning behaviors that arise among patients on LTOT. We used a Delphi approach, which allows for generation of consensus. Participants were clinical experts in chronic pain and opioid prescribing recruited from professional societies and other expert groups. The Delphi process was conducted online, and consisted of an initial brainstorming round to identify common and challenging behaviors, a second round to identify management strategies for each behavior, and two rounds to establish consensus and explore disagreement/uncertainty. Forty-two participants completed round 1, 22 completed round 2, 30 complete...
Approximately 15% of hospitalized patients have an active substance use disorder (SUD). Starting ... more Approximately 15% of hospitalized patients have an active substance use disorder (SUD). Starting treatment for SUD, including medications, during acute hospitalizations can engage patients in addiction care. In July 2015, the Boston Medical Center Addiction Consult Service (ACS), began providing inpatient diagnostic, management, and discharge linkage consultations. We describe this implementation. The ACS staff recorded SUDs diagnoses and medication recommendations and tracked follow-up data for affiliated outpatient office-based addiction clinics and methadone maintenance programs. We assessed the number of consults, SUDs diagnoses, medications recommended and initiated, and outpatient addiction clinic follow-up. Over 26weeks, the BMC ACS completed 337 consults: 78% had an opioid use disorder (UD), 37% an alcohol UD, 28% a cocaine UD, 9% a benzodiazepine UD, 3% a cannabinoid (including K2) UD, and <1% a methamphetamine UD. Methadone was initiated in 70 inpatients and buprenorphi...
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. CD4 T cells respo... more Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. CD4 T cells responding to Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the core protein of most lipoproteins, have been identified as critical disease modulators. In healthy individuals, ApoB-reactive (ApoB+) CD4 T cells are mostly regulatory T cells (Tregs), which exert anti-inflammatory effects. Yet, they may obtain pro-inflammatory features and thus become proatherogenic. Evidence from animal studies suggests that vaccination against certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II-binding ApoB peptides induces an expansion of ApoB+ Tregs and thus confers atheroprotection. To date, in-depth phenotyping of vaccine-expanded ApoB+ T cells has not yet been performed. To this end, we vaccinated C57BL/6J mice with the ApoB-peptide P6 (ApoB978–993 TGAYSNASSTESASY) and performed single-cell RNA sequencing of tetramer-sorted P6+ T cells. P6+ cells were clonally expanded (one major, two minor clones) and formed a transcriptional ...
Background Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and ... more Background Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and provide disease- and treatment-relevant data in clinical studies. Here, we developed combined protein (40 antibodies) and transcript single-cell (sc)RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in PBMCs. Results Among 31 participants in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), we sequenced 41,611 cells. Using Boolean gating followed by Seurat UMAPs (tool for visualizing high-dimensional data) and Louvain clustering, we identified 50 subsets among CD4+ T, CD8+ T, B, NK cells, and monocytes. This resolution was superior to flow cytometry, mass cytometry, or scRNA-seq without antibodies. Combined protein and transcript scRNA-seq allowed for the assessment of disease-related changes in transcriptomes and cell type proportions. As a proof-of-concept, we showed such differences between healthy and matched individuals living with HIV with and without cardiovascular disease. Conclusions In conclusion, combined p...
Atherosclerosis is accompanied by a CD4 T cell response to apolipoprotein B (APOB). Major Histoco... more Atherosclerosis is accompanied by a CD4 T cell response to apolipoprotein B (APOB). Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-II tetramers can be used to isolate antigen-specific CD4 T cells by flow sorting. Here, we produce, validate and use an MHC-II tetramer, DRB1*07:01 APOB-p18, to sort APOB-p18-specific cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 8 DRB1*07:01+ women with and without subclinical cardiovascular disease (sCVD). Single cell RNA sequencing showed that transcriptomes of tetramer+ cells were between regulatory and memory T cells in healthy women and moved closer to memory T cells in women with sCVD. TCR sequencing of tetramer+ cells showed clonal expansion and V and J segment usage similar to those found in regulatory T cells. These findings suggest that APOB-specific regulatory T cells may switch to a more memory-like phenotype in women with atherosclerosis. Mouse studies showed that such switched cells promote atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, lipid-driven disease of medium sized arteries which causes myocardi... more Atherosclerosis is a chronic, lipid-driven disease of medium sized arteries which causes myocardial infarction and stroke. Recently, an adaptive immune response against the plaque-associated autoantigen Apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB), the structural protein component of low-density lipoprotein, has been implicated in atherogenesis. In healthy individuals, CD4+T cells responding to ApoB mainly comprised regulatory T cells, which confer immune tolerance and atheroprotection. Mice and patients with atherosclerosis harbor increased numbers of proatherogenic ApoB-reactive T-helper cell subsets. Given the lack of therapies targeting proatherogenic immunity, clarification of the underlying mechanisms is of high clinical relevance. T cells develop in the thymus, where strong autoreactive T cells are eliminated in the process of negative selection. Herein, we investigated whether the transcription factor autoimmune regulator (AIRE), which controls expression of numerous tissue-restricted self-an...
Integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion starts by arrest from rolling. Activation of integrins invo... more Integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion starts by arrest from rolling. Activation of integrins involves conformational changes from an inactive, bent conformation to an extended conformation (E+) with high affinity for ligand binding (H+). The cytoplasmic protein kindlin-3 is necessary for leukocyte adhesion; mutations of kindlin-3 cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 3. Kindlin-3 binds the β2-integrin cytoplasmic tail at a site distinct from talin-1, but the molecular mechanism by which kindlin-3 activates β2-integrins is unknown. In this study, we measured the spatiotemporal dynamics of kindlin-3 and β2-integrin conformation changes during neutrophil and HL-60 cell rolling and arrest under flow. Using high-resolution quantitative dynamic footprinting microscopy and kindlin-3–fluorescent protein (FP) fusion proteins, we found that kindlin-3 was recruited to the plasma membrane in response to interleukin-8 (IL-8) before induction of the H+ β2-integrin conformation. Intravital imag...
The COVID-19 pandemic, the ongoing opioid epidemic, rise in substance use, and social and politic... more The COVID-19 pandemic, the ongoing opioid epidemic, rise in substance use, and social and political unrest in the US and globally has impacted how substance use-related health needs are addressed. These issues were driving forces in planning AMERSA's 44th annual conference. True to the multidisciplinary spirit, and with diversity goals and advocacy at the forefront of mind, “together we rise” became the beacon for the AMERSA 2020 conference. This commentary provides an overview of the conference proceedings, topics that were highly relevant for clinicians, educators, researcher, and advocates for change. s of paper and poster presentations are also provided (Supplemental Material).
Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and provide dis... more Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently collected and provide disease- and treatment-relevant data in clinical studies. Here, we developed combined protein (40 antibodies) and transcript single cell (sc)RNA sequencing in PBMCs. Among 31 participants in the WIHS Study, we sequenced 41,611 cells. Using Boolean gating followed by Seurat UMAPs and Louvain clustering, we identified 58 subsets among CD4 T, CD8 T, B, NK cells and monocytes. This resolution was superior to flow cytometry, mass cytometry or scRNA-sequencing without antibodies. Since the transcriptome was not needed for cell identification, combined protein and transcript scRNA-Seq allowed for the assessment of disease-related changes in transcriptomes and cell type proportion. As a proof-of-concept, we showed such differences between healthy and matched individuals living with HIV with and without cardiovascular disease. In conclusion, combined protein and transcript scRNA sequencing is a suit...
Ensuring the safety of hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder who inject substances frequ... more Ensuring the safety of hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder who inject substances frequently presents management challenges for hospital staff. This commentary expounds on those challenges and offers areas of opportunity to provide patient-centered care for these patients.
Background: Within the United States, there is a shortage of opioid treatment programs (OTPs), fa... more Background: Within the United States, there is a shortage of opioid treatment programs (OTPs), facilities which dispense methadone for opioid use disorder. It is unknown how pharmacy-based methadone dispensing, as available internationally, could affect methadone access. We aimed to compare drive times to the nearest OTP with drive times to the nearest chain pharmacy in urban and rural census tracts. Methods: Cross-sectional geospatial analysis of 2018 OTP location data and 2017 pharmacy location data. We included census tracts with non-zero population in Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia, states with highest rates of opioid overdose deaths. Our outcome was minimum drive time in minutes from census tract mean center of population to the nearest dispensing facility. Results: Among 7918 census tracts, median (IQR) drive time to OTPs increased from urban to increasingly rural census tract classification [16.1 min (10.2-25.9) to 48.4 min (34.0-63.3);p < .001]. Median (IQR) drive time to OTPs was greater than drive time to chain pharmacies among all census tracts: 19.6 min (11.6-35.1) versus 4.4 min (2.9-7.7) respectively; p < .001. The median (IQR) difference in drive time was greater for increasingly rural census tracts [11.5 min (6.1-19.2) to 35.2 min (19.6-49.7); p < .001] with pharmacy-based methadone dispensing. Conclusion: Rural census tracts have disproportionately long drive times to OTPs. Drawing from policies to increase methadone access in countries like Canada and Australia, this geographic methadone disparity could be mitigated through implementation of pharmacy-based methadone dispensing.
Black peat samples deposited in between sandy clay layers were collected from an uncovered profil... more Black peat samples deposited in between sandy clay layers were collected from an uncovered profile at Rajarhat,24 Paraganas (N), 20 km extreme North East of the city of Kolkata, (22°34’N, 88°30′ E) West Bengal. The profile resulted from an excavation made during the construction of a multi story building. Palynological investigations of the peat samples revealed a large deposits of pollen grains of mangrove species such as Heritiera, Excoecaria, Rhizophora, Sonneratia, Avicennia, Bruguiera, Nypa Barringtonia, Phoenix paludosa, Aegicerasetc. Pollen grains of grasses, some freshwater plants, as well as fern spores (such as Acrostichum, Pteris, Pteridium and Polypodium) were also recovered in large quantities. All were found from a peat layer formed at a depth of about 5.35m to 6.14m from the surface. The fossil pollen assemblage found indicates the prevalence of a past typical mangrove vegetation, which is presently observed in the Sundarbans region (a mangrove swamps, about 85km sout...
It is estimated that 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder (OUD) an... more It is estimated that 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder (OUD) and an estimated 130 deaths from opioid overdose occur each day. 1 However, it is estimated that only 20% to 40% of individuals with OUD receive medications such as buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone to treat this disorder. 2 In this Viewpoint, we discuss how allowing the sale of buprenorphine without a prescription in emergency circumstances could expand its use. and may benefit both individuals and the wider population.
SummaryStringent regulation of TNF signaling prevents aberrant inflammation. TNF engages the cano... more SummaryStringent regulation of TNF signaling prevents aberrant inflammation. TNF engages the canonical NF-κB pathway for activating the RelA:p50 heterodimer, which mediates specific expressions of pro-inflammatory and immune response genes. Importantly, the NF-κB system discriminates between time-varied TNF inputs. Negative feedback regulators of the canonical pathway, including IκBα, are thought to ensure transient RelA:p50 responses to brief TNF stimulations. The noncanonical NF-κB pathway controls a separate RelB activity associated with immune differentiation. In a systems modeling approach, we uncovered an unexpected role of p100, a constituent of the noncanonical pathway, in TNF signaling. Brief TNF stimulation of p100-deficient cells produced an additional late NF-κB activity consisted of the RelB:p50 heterodimer, which distorted the TNF-induced gene-expression program. Periodic TNF pulses augmented this RelB:p50 activity, which was reinforced by NF-κB-dependent RelB synthesi...
Clerodendron serratum (Linn.) Moon (family: Verbenaceae) is used in Indian System of Medicine for... more Clerodendron serratum (Linn.) Moon (family: Verbenaceae) is used in Indian System of Medicine for asthma and cough. In the present study the extract of the bark of the plant was standardized using oleanolic acid as a marker. Methanolic extracts of the bark were prepared after defatting. HPTLC was used to quantify oleanolic acid in the extract. Percentage content of oleanolic acid in the methanolic extract was determined as 1.2% in contrast to the raw material at 0.058 % (Percentage yield of the extract 4.8%).
International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking, 2017
In a social network people are connected by relationships, business purpose or transaction activi... more In a social network people are connected by relationships, business purpose or transaction activity. The increasing demand of social network analysis and how to improve the architecture is of utmost importance for the organizations who are regularly trying to improve the service through social network analysis. Social network analysis views social relationship in terms of network theory. Social networks connect people at very low cost and this network acts as a customer relationship management tool for increasing sales of organization in terms of goods and services. Different models are proposed and utilized in different platforms. In this model, the authors have proposed a cluster-based structure to improve performance of social networks.
Current guideline-recommended monitoring of patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) f... more Current guideline-recommended monitoring of patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) for chronic pain will likely result in increased identification of behaviors of concern for misuse and addiction, but there is a dearth of empiric evidence about how these behaviors should be managed. To establish expert consensus about treatment approaches for common and challenging concerning behaviors that arise among patients on LTOT. We used a Delphi approach, which allows for generation of consensus. Participants were clinical experts in chronic pain and opioid prescribing recruited from professional societies and other expert groups. The Delphi process was conducted online, and consisted of an initial brainstorming round to identify common and challenging behaviors, a second round to identify management strategies for each behavior, and two rounds to establish consensus and explore disagreement/uncertainty. Forty-two participants completed round 1, 22 completed round 2, 30 complete...
Approximately 15% of hospitalized patients have an active substance use disorder (SUD). Starting ... more Approximately 15% of hospitalized patients have an active substance use disorder (SUD). Starting treatment for SUD, including medications, during acute hospitalizations can engage patients in addiction care. In July 2015, the Boston Medical Center Addiction Consult Service (ACS), began providing inpatient diagnostic, management, and discharge linkage consultations. We describe this implementation. The ACS staff recorded SUDs diagnoses and medication recommendations and tracked follow-up data for affiliated outpatient office-based addiction clinics and methadone maintenance programs. We assessed the number of consults, SUDs diagnoses, medications recommended and initiated, and outpatient addiction clinic follow-up. Over 26weeks, the BMC ACS completed 337 consults: 78% had an opioid use disorder (UD), 37% an alcohol UD, 28% a cocaine UD, 9% a benzodiazepine UD, 3% a cannabinoid (including K2) UD, and <1% a methamphetamine UD. Methadone was initiated in 70 inpatients and buprenorphi...
Uploads
Papers by payel Roy