Papers by patricia reagan
Objective-To identify factors associated with bronchodilator administration to infants with bronc... more Objective-To identify factors associated with bronchodilator administration to infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and evaluate inter-institutional prescribing patterns.
Applied Economics, Jul 28, 2006
By Joni Hersch and Patricia B Reagan; Job Matching and Women's Wage-Tenure Profile.
In August 1996, Congress passed the Personal Responsibility Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act... more In August 1996, Congress passed the Personal Responsibility Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act (PRWORA). This act eliminated Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), the largest source of cash assistance available to needy families, and replaced it with Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF), a time-limited program with stringent work requirements. Because one of the elements vital to the success of welfare reform is the ability of mothers to transition from the welfare rolls into the labor market, states are investing a great deal of money in childcare. In this paper, we find that the decision to participate in covered-sector jobs of former welfare recipients is responsive to both the cost of childcare as well as the density of available childcare. The elasticity with respect to density is around 0.5, whereas the elasticity with respect to the price paid is about -0.4. There is no statistically significant impact of childcare variables on the decision to participat...
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000
ABSTRACT This paper examines the long-term impact of legalized abortion on teenage out-of-wedlock... more ABSTRACT This paper examines the long-term impact of legalized abortion on teenage out-of-wedlock childbearing, which has been in constant decline since the early 1990s in the United States. Our argument is that, to the extent that it prevented unwanted births, legalized abortion could have reduced the likelihood of the teenage out-of-wedlock childbearing for the cohorts born after the legalization. This is analogous to the argument of Donahue and Levitt (2001) for crime but extends their analyses to a different context. We adopt a non-parametric approach that allows for a separate effect on Whites and African-Americans of the 1970 legalizations in the repeal states -California, New York, Washington, Alaska, and Hawaii – and the Roe v. Wade ruling in 1973. We find that for African-Americans, both changes lead to a long-term reduction in out-of-wedlock teenage childbearing. For Whites, there is no evidence supporting a long-term effect of the 1970 legalizations, but the cohorts born after Roe v. Wade in the non-repeal states show a reduction in teenage out-of-wedlock childbirth. Our findings are consistent with Levine et al. (1999), who find that the early legalization in the repeal states had a much stronger effect on the immediate fertility of Non-Whites than Whites. Finally, our results show that legalized abortion can potentially account for at least 30 percent of the 45 percent decline in the teenage out-of-wedlock childbearing among 15-17 year olds for African-Americans and 35 percent of the 24 percent decline for Whites in the 1990s.
The International journal of eating disorders, 2005
This study investigates race and gender differences in the demographic and socioeconomic determin... more This study investigates race and gender differences in the demographic and socioeconomic determinants of frequency of binge eating using a population-based sample. An analysis of self-reported data on 573 women and 360 men (range, 18-97 years) from a cross-sectional, multistage area probability sample of individuals aged 18 years and older residing in the Detroit metropolitan area conducted in 1995. For women, the frequency of binge eating is negatively associated with age and family income, and positively associated with being married, depression, and time residing in polluted neighborhoods. For men, the frequency of binge eating is negatively associated with age. The frequency of binge eating was not affected by education, race, obesity, or current dieting. The frequency of binge eating is highest among adults younger than 40 years. It follows an income gradient for women, but not for men. After controls for individual disadvantage, there is no residual Black/White difference in b...
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a recognizable clinical cluster of risks known to be associated... more Background: Metabolic syndrome is a recognizable clinical cluster of risks known to be associated in combination and independently with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Identifying and treating metabolic syndrome is one promising strategy to reduce CVD. The intersection of race/ethnicity, gender, and economic status complicates our understanding of who is at risk for metabolic syndrome, but understanding this social patterning is important for the development of targeted interventions. This study examines the relationship between metabolic syndrome (and the underlying contributing risk factors) and race/ethnicity, economic status, and gender.
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 1993
A LARGE LITERATURE examines the relation between infla-tion and relative price variability.l This... more A LARGE LITERATURE examines the relation between infla-tion and relative price variability.l This literature derives its importance from the belief that, if higher inflation leads to higher relative price variability, the welfare cost of inflation is greater than otherwise.2 ...
Journal of International Money and Finance, 1989
Journal of Financial Economics, 2003
Differences in culture, proxied by differences in religion and language, cannot be ignored when e... more Differences in culture, proxied by differences in religion and language, cannot be ignored when examining why investor protection differs across countries. We show that a country's principal religion predicts the cross-sectional variation in creditor rights better than a country's natural openness to international trade, its language, its income per capita, or the origin of its legal system. Catholic countries protect the rights of creditors less well than Protestant countries. A country's natural openness to international trade mitigates the influence of religion on creditor rights. Culture proxies are also helpful in understanding how investor rights are enforced across countries. r
Economic Inquiry, 1997
... flatter wage-tenure profiles for women. In self-selection mod-els, such as those of Salop and... more ... flatter wage-tenure profiles for women. In self-selection mod-els, such as those of Salop and Salop 119761 and Barron, Black, and Loewenstein [19931, steeply sloped wage-tenure pro-files are used to discourage workers ...
Applied Economics, 1994
By Joni Hersch and Patricia B Reagan; Job Matching and Women's Wage-Tenure Profile.
Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2016
Determining whether initiation of preterm birth was spontaneous, or through labour induction or c... more Determining whether initiation of preterm birth was spontaneous, or through labour induction or caesarean without labour or membrane rupture is critical in surveillance and aetiological research on preterm birth, although this information is not explicitly included on the US Birth Certificate. Algorithms combining several fields from birth certificates have been developed to infer the initiating event, but none has been validated against manual review of original obstetric records. Our objective was to develop a birth certificate-based algorithm to determine initiation of preterm birth and validate it by manual review of original records. We developed an algorithm from the 2003 US Standard Birth Certificate to determine spontaneous vs. indicated preterm birth. The algorithm was first tested on obstetrical records from 80 preterm (<37 weeks) births in Columbus OH (2006-12) abstracted by an obstetrics research nurse and reviewed by an obstetrician-gynecologist. Onset of delivery wa...
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2016
Hospital pediatrics, 2015
This study had 2 goals: (1) to identify clinical and demographic characteristics associated with ... more This study had 2 goals: (1) to identify clinical and demographic characteristics associated with sildenafil exposure for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)-associated pulmonary hypertension (PH); and (2) to characterize hospital-specific treatment frequency, age at first administration, and length of sildenafil treatment. This retrospective cohort study used data from the Pediatric Health Information System to determine variables associated with sildenafil exposure and between-hospital variations in sildenafil utilization patterns. The study included infants with BPD-PH who were discharged between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2013. Within 36 US pediatric hospitals, 3720 infants were diagnosed with BPD, of whom 598 (16%) also had a diagnosis of PH (BPD-PH). Among infants with BPD-PH, 104 infants (17%) received sildenafil. The odds for sildenafil treatment among infants born between 25 and 26 weeks' gestational age (GA) and <24 weeks' GA, respectively, were ...
Researchers have argued that neighborhoods are an important determinant of labor activity. Using ... more Researchers have argued that neighborhoods are an important determinant of labor activity. Using confidential street address data from the NLSY79, respondents were linked to neighborhood social characteristics and measures of job proximity. A one standard deviation increase in the social characteristics of a neighborhood increases annual hours by 6%; a similar increase in job proximity raises hours by 4%. Labor market activity at the individual level is positively related to labor market activity of neighbors. But employment is not the only neighborhood characteristic that matters. Being in a disadvantaged neighborhood, as measured by a variety of characteristics, reduces market work. Social interactions have non-linear effects with the greatest impact in the worst neighborhoods. Social interactions are more important for less educated workers and Hispanics. Job locations are more important for blacks. Estimates that do not account for neighborhood selection on the basis of time-invariant and time-varying unobserved individual characteristics substantially overstate the social effects of neighborhoods but understate the effects of job access.
ABSTRACT. Objective. To study the dynamic pro- cesses that drive development of childhood overwei... more ABSTRACT. Objective. To study the dynamic pro- cesses that drive development of childhood overweight by examining the effects of prenatal characteristics and early-life feeding (breastfeeding versus bottle feeding) on weight states through age 7 years. We test a model to determine whether prenatal characteristics and early-life feeding influence the development of a persistent early tendency toward overweight and/or whether prenatal
Our analysis of migration differs from previous research in three important aspects. First, we ex... more Our analysis of migration differs from previous research in three important aspects. First, we exploit the confidential geocoding in the NLSY79 to obtain a distance-based measure. Second, we let the effect of migration on wage growth differ by schooling level. Third, we use propensity score matching to measure the effect of migration on the wages of those who move. Matching is a "data hungry" estimation strategy, and our data set provides a rich array of variables on which to match. We find a significant effect of migration on the wage growth of college graduates of 10 percent, and a marginally significant effect for high school dropouts of -12 percent. If we use a measure of migration based on moving across either county lines or state lines, the significant effects of migration for college graduates and dropouts disappear. JEL Classification Code: J6, J3, C4.
Our analysis of migration differs from previous research in three important aspects. First, we ex... more Our analysis of migration differs from previous research in three important aspects. First, we exploit the confidential geocoding in the NLSY79 to obtain a distance-based measure. Second, we let the effect of migration on wage growth differ by schooling level. Third, we use propensity score matching to measure the effect of migration on the wages of those who move. Matching is a "data hungry" estimation strategy, and our data set provides a rich array of variables on which to match. We find a significant effect of migration on the wage growth of college graduates of 10 percent, and a marginally significant effect for high school dropouts of -12 percent. If we use a measure of migration based on moving across either county lines or state lines, the significant effects of migration for college graduates and dropouts disappear. JEL Classification Code: J6, J3, C4.
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Papers by patricia reagan