TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES, 2016
The artificial bee colony algorithm is one of the latest stochastic methods based on swarm intell... more The artificial bee colony algorithm is one of the latest stochastic methods based on swarm intelligence. The algorithm simulates the foraging behavior of honeybees. The structure of the algorithm is quite simple and its coding is very easy. This paper proposes a design optimization based on geometrical variables to obtain a highly efficient surfacemounted permanent magnet synchronous motor with concentrated winding by use of the artificial bee colony algorithm. Input parameters for the algorithm are the geometrical variables of the motor. This approach is more advantageous than finite element analysis requiring a long period of time. Results of the artificial bee colony algorithm are compared with results of a genetic algorithm and checked with a commercial design program. The results emphasize the effectiveness of the algorithm on the design optimization of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
International Journal of Modeling and Optimization, 2012
This study presents Simulink implementation and mathematical model of squirrel cage induction mot... more This study presents Simulink implementation and mathematical model of squirrel cage induction motor. Induction motor models are generally available in form of d-q model in literature for Simulink simulations. But in this study the model include rotor bars and end-ring near the stator windings. So, the rotor bars and end-ring data (currents, voltages etc.) are accessible and can be investigated. And the rotor bars and end-ring parameters are verification and made optimization. In the solution the number of rotor bars determines the dimension of inductance matrix in the motor model. Because simulated motor has 18 rotor bars, dimension of this matrix is 22x22. Each component of the matrix changes according to motor position. Calculating of inverse of the matrix is necessary for every time period. This process is very difficult in Simulink by using function blocks. In the present study m-file block is used instead of function block. So, solution of mathematical model of squirrel-cage induction motor is implemented by Simulink. The simulation results are given with the model used in start-up condition. The results show that the proposed method is used simulation of the induction motor with squirrel-cage.
Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different number ... more Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different number of broken rotor bars and broken end-ring in the three-phase squirrel cage induction motors is presented. Six different faulted rotors are investigated. These faults are one, two, three broken bars, broken end-ring, a bar with high resistance and healthy rotor. The base structure of the study consist of current signal analysis (CSA), feature extraction, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and diagnosis algorithm. The motor current signal is used for obtaining of effects of broken bars and end-ring in the rotor. To get sight of the effects the current signal that is in the time domain is transformed time-frequency domain via Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT). And the spectrums are averaged and normalized on the time axis. The rotor cage faults are classified with ANN by using these spectrums. And result matrixes of ANN are considered improved decision structure. Thus the faulted rotors are d...
Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different numbe... more Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different number of broken rotor bars and broken end-ring in the three-phase squirrel cage induction motors is presented. Six different faulted rotors are investigated. These faults are one, two, three broken bars, broken end-ring, a bar with high resistance and healthy rotor. The base structure of the study consist of current signal analysis (CSA), feature extraction, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and diagnosis algorithm. The motor current signal is used for obtaining of effects of broken bars and end-ring in the rotor. To get sight of the effects the current signal that is in the time domain is transformed time-frequency domain via Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT). And the spectrums are averaged and normalized on the time axis. The rotor cage faults are classified with ANN by using these spectrums. And result matrixes of ANN are considered improved decision structure. Thus the faulted rotors are...
In this paper a hybrid approach has been proposed for sensorless speed control and parameter esti... more In this paper a hybrid approach has been proposed for sensorless speed control and parameter estimation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In this approach, Modal Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) are used in parallel. The rationale behind mixing EKF with MRAS is that MRAS is a second order state equation which means estimating more than two parameters are impossible, while controlling of IPMSM requires estimation of many parameters which change simultaneously and might be estimated using EKF. As EKF is time consuming algorithm, an FPGA implementation is being proposed. The MRAS and two reduced order EKF would work in parallel on FPGA platform. We expect to obtain a wide speed control range using maximum torque per ampere MTPA in the low speed range and Field Weakening in the high speed range.
Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi
This study aims to contribute to design and development studies by investigating current, speed a... more This study aims to contribute to design and development studies by investigating current, speed and torque responses of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with different loads and powers without any experimental study. For this reason, firstly, PMSM was simulated using Matlab/Simulink package program. The simulation results were then tested using a 0.25 kW PMSM coded MCS06C41, a motor driver coded EVS9322-ESV004, and the Global Drive Control interface program produced by Lenze. In addition, the model was tested on another PMSM (1.1 kW) to determine the validity of the model. Since the driver used during the experiment was designed according to field-oriented vector control, the field-oriented vector control was also preferred in the simulation. The PI controller parameters in driver simulation were optimized by using the Signal Constraint Block in Simulink Response Optimization toolbox of Matlab.
This paper analyzes effects of squirrel cage faults on submersible induction motors efficiency at... more This paper analyzes effects of squirrel cage faults on submersible induction motors efficiency at steady-state condition. There are a lot of studies about effects of the cage faults on motor performance. Especially, the effects of the cage faults on the motor parameters such as current, torque and speed are well known. Unlike the literature, cage fault effects on efficiency are analyzed in this study. Furthermore, fluctuations and mean value changes resulting from the rotor faults are ranked according to size of these faults. Healthy and five different faults were investigated by using 10 HP, 25 HP, 30 HP and 50 HP submersible induction motors in both simulations and experiments. Time stepping finite element method solution was used to compute motor quantities in the simulation. Good agreement was achieved between simulation and experimental results. The effects of rotor faults on motor efficiency were clearly ranked according to size of faults.
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 2011
Electric motors are the largest consumers of electricity in plants and induction motors constitut... more Electric motors are the largest consumers of electricity in plants and induction motors constitute nearly two-thirds of them. The replacement of in-service induction motors with more efficient ones is a very important strategy for energy savings and consequently nearly 30 different methods have been used to determine the efficiency of induction motors in the last 2 decades. This paper aims to develop the efficiency determination of a 20 Hp submersible induction motor. Due to getting perfect efficiency of the submersible induction motor, a robust hybrid evolutionary optimization technique, which consists of a genetic algorithm and simulated annealing, is used. The obtained results are compared with genetic algorithm and torque gauge result values and dramatically significant results of our proposed algorithm are observed.
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 2012
This paper presents a novel motor speed measurement method and experimental results using the fas... more This paper presents a novel motor speed measurement method and experimental results using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Motor speed is obtained using the square wave output signal of a speed sensor. In the proposed method, the speed can be measured in a wide range, and transient speed changes can also be clearly observed. The experiments were conducted during start-up and in steady state. The sampled speed data were transformed to frequency spectrums using the FFT. The frequency, which corresponds to the maximum amplitude in the spectrum, was used to calculate the motor speed. The test results show that the proposed method is very useful.
National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, 2010
Elevators such devices that should have minimum fault, maximum passenger comfort and should be ve... more Elevators such devices that should have minimum fault, maximum passenger comfort and should be very fast. Passengers in faulted elevators should be rescued in a very short time and should be renovated as soon as possible. In this case the condition of the elevator and cabin position should be observed. In this study an elevator automation system designed and constructed which contain remote monitoring the cabin motion dynamically at computer screen with a SCADA program. At the same time it also shows the cabin position and type of the faults.
The paper presents detection and classification of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in ... more The paper presents detection and classification of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induction motor by using power factor. One phase current and voltage of the stator coils were used to calculate the power factor. To investigate effects of rotor faults on the power factor, its frequency spectrum was obtained by fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Significant picks in the spectrum were used to discern "healthy" and "faulty" motor conditions. The motor conditions were classified by Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In experiments three different rotor faults and healthy motor conditions were investigated by 30 HP, 8'', with 18 bars, 380V, 2 poles and 50 Hz squirrel cage submersible induction motor. The proposed decision structure detects and classifies rotor bar faults with 100% accuracy.
The detection of broken rotor bars in three-phase squirrel cage induction motors by means of curr... more The detection of broken rotor bars in three-phase squirrel cage induction motors by means of current signature analysis is presented. In order to diagnose faults, a Neural Network approach is used. At first the data of different rotor faults are achieved. The effects of different rotor faults on current spectrum, in comparison with other fault conditions, are investigated via calculating Power Spectrum Density (PSD). Training the Neural Network discern between “healthy” and “faulty” motor conditions by using experimental data in case of healthy and faulted motor. The test results clearly illustrate that the stator current signature can be used to diagnose faults of squirrel cage rotor.
The paper presents detection of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induc... more The paper presents detection of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induction motor by using stator current envelope. Three different rotor faults and healthy motor conditions were investigated in experiments. One of the stator currents has been used in the investigation of effects of rotor faults on the current envelope. The ratios of fluctuation of the envelope were used as feature of fault conditions for diagnosis. In the literature a lot of studies are available about diagnosis and detection rotor many different analysis and feature extraction methods such as motor current signature analysis (MCSA), fast Fourier transform (FFT). Unlike the literature, in the present study the stator current envelopes are used. The use of the current envelope does not affect the performance of the fault detection, while requiring much less computation and low cost in implementation, which would make it easier to implement in embedded systems for condition monitoring of motor.
Kalici miknatisli senkron motorlar, yuksek moment/hacim oranlari ve ozellikle yuksek verimlerinde... more Kalici miknatisli senkron motorlar, yuksek moment/hacim oranlari ve ozellikle yuksek verimlerinden dolayi, 1985 yilindan itibaren endustriyel uyuglmarda tercih edilmektedir. Kalici miknatisli senkron motorlarin verimini belirleyen temel faktor rotor sargilarinin olmamasi olsa da, tasarim parametrelerinin ve kalici miknatisli senkron motor tasarim modelinin etkin secimi de verimi etkilemektedir. Bu calisma konsantre-sargili yuzey-miknatisli bir kalici miknatisli senkron motorun tasarim optimizasyonunu amaclamaktadir. On analitik tasarimi ve daha sonra genetik algoritma kullanilarak sezgisel tasarim optimizasyonu calisilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclar sonlu eleman analizi sonuclari ile karsilastirilmistir. Neticede sonuclarin kabul edilebilir oldugu gorulmustur.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES, 2016
The artificial bee colony algorithm is one of the latest stochastic methods based on swarm intell... more The artificial bee colony algorithm is one of the latest stochastic methods based on swarm intelligence. The algorithm simulates the foraging behavior of honeybees. The structure of the algorithm is quite simple and its coding is very easy. This paper proposes a design optimization based on geometrical variables to obtain a highly efficient surfacemounted permanent magnet synchronous motor with concentrated winding by use of the artificial bee colony algorithm. Input parameters for the algorithm are the geometrical variables of the motor. This approach is more advantageous than finite element analysis requiring a long period of time. Results of the artificial bee colony algorithm are compared with results of a genetic algorithm and checked with a commercial design program. The results emphasize the effectiveness of the algorithm on the design optimization of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
International Journal of Modeling and Optimization, 2012
This study presents Simulink implementation and mathematical model of squirrel cage induction mot... more This study presents Simulink implementation and mathematical model of squirrel cage induction motor. Induction motor models are generally available in form of d-q model in literature for Simulink simulations. But in this study the model include rotor bars and end-ring near the stator windings. So, the rotor bars and end-ring data (currents, voltages etc.) are accessible and can be investigated. And the rotor bars and end-ring parameters are verification and made optimization. In the solution the number of rotor bars determines the dimension of inductance matrix in the motor model. Because simulated motor has 18 rotor bars, dimension of this matrix is 22x22. Each component of the matrix changes according to motor position. Calculating of inverse of the matrix is necessary for every time period. This process is very difficult in Simulink by using function blocks. In the present study m-file block is used instead of function block. So, solution of mathematical model of squirrel-cage induction motor is implemented by Simulink. The simulation results are given with the model used in start-up condition. The results show that the proposed method is used simulation of the induction motor with squirrel-cage.
Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different number ... more Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different number of broken rotor bars and broken end-ring in the three-phase squirrel cage induction motors is presented. Six different faulted rotors are investigated. These faults are one, two, three broken bars, broken end-ring, a bar with high resistance and healthy rotor. The base structure of the study consist of current signal analysis (CSA), feature extraction, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and diagnosis algorithm. The motor current signal is used for obtaining of effects of broken bars and end-ring in the rotor. To get sight of the effects the current signal that is in the time domain is transformed time-frequency domain via Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT). And the spectrums are averaged and normalized on the time axis. The rotor cage faults are classified with ANN by using these spectrums. And result matrixes of ANN are considered improved decision structure. Thus the faulted rotors are d...
Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different numbe... more Abstract—In this paper an experimental study of classification and diagnosis of different number of broken rotor bars and broken end-ring in the three-phase squirrel cage induction motors is presented. Six different faulted rotors are investigated. These faults are one, two, three broken bars, broken end-ring, a bar with high resistance and healthy rotor. The base structure of the study consist of current signal analysis (CSA), feature extraction, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and diagnosis algorithm. The motor current signal is used for obtaining of effects of broken bars and end-ring in the rotor. To get sight of the effects the current signal that is in the time domain is transformed time-frequency domain via Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT). And the spectrums are averaged and normalized on the time axis. The rotor cage faults are classified with ANN by using these spectrums. And result matrixes of ANN are considered improved decision structure. Thus the faulted rotors are...
In this paper a hybrid approach has been proposed for sensorless speed control and parameter esti... more In this paper a hybrid approach has been proposed for sensorless speed control and parameter estimation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In this approach, Modal Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) are used in parallel. The rationale behind mixing EKF with MRAS is that MRAS is a second order state equation which means estimating more than two parameters are impossible, while controlling of IPMSM requires estimation of many parameters which change simultaneously and might be estimated using EKF. As EKF is time consuming algorithm, an FPGA implementation is being proposed. The MRAS and two reduced order EKF would work in parallel on FPGA platform. We expect to obtain a wide speed control range using maximum torque per ampere MTPA in the low speed range and Field Weakening in the high speed range.
Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi
This study aims to contribute to design and development studies by investigating current, speed a... more This study aims to contribute to design and development studies by investigating current, speed and torque responses of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with different loads and powers without any experimental study. For this reason, firstly, PMSM was simulated using Matlab/Simulink package program. The simulation results were then tested using a 0.25 kW PMSM coded MCS06C41, a motor driver coded EVS9322-ESV004, and the Global Drive Control interface program produced by Lenze. In addition, the model was tested on another PMSM (1.1 kW) to determine the validity of the model. Since the driver used during the experiment was designed according to field-oriented vector control, the field-oriented vector control was also preferred in the simulation. The PI controller parameters in driver simulation were optimized by using the Signal Constraint Block in Simulink Response Optimization toolbox of Matlab.
This paper analyzes effects of squirrel cage faults on submersible induction motors efficiency at... more This paper analyzes effects of squirrel cage faults on submersible induction motors efficiency at steady-state condition. There are a lot of studies about effects of the cage faults on motor performance. Especially, the effects of the cage faults on the motor parameters such as current, torque and speed are well known. Unlike the literature, cage fault effects on efficiency are analyzed in this study. Furthermore, fluctuations and mean value changes resulting from the rotor faults are ranked according to size of these faults. Healthy and five different faults were investigated by using 10 HP, 25 HP, 30 HP and 50 HP submersible induction motors in both simulations and experiments. Time stepping finite element method solution was used to compute motor quantities in the simulation. Good agreement was achieved between simulation and experimental results. The effects of rotor faults on motor efficiency were clearly ranked according to size of faults.
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 2011
Electric motors are the largest consumers of electricity in plants and induction motors constitut... more Electric motors are the largest consumers of electricity in plants and induction motors constitute nearly two-thirds of them. The replacement of in-service induction motors with more efficient ones is a very important strategy for energy savings and consequently nearly 30 different methods have been used to determine the efficiency of induction motors in the last 2 decades. This paper aims to develop the efficiency determination of a 20 Hp submersible induction motor. Due to getting perfect efficiency of the submersible induction motor, a robust hybrid evolutionary optimization technique, which consists of a genetic algorithm and simulated annealing, is used. The obtained results are compared with genetic algorithm and torque gauge result values and dramatically significant results of our proposed algorithm are observed.
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 2012
This paper presents a novel motor speed measurement method and experimental results using the fas... more This paper presents a novel motor speed measurement method and experimental results using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Motor speed is obtained using the square wave output signal of a speed sensor. In the proposed method, the speed can be measured in a wide range, and transient speed changes can also be clearly observed. The experiments were conducted during start-up and in steady state. The sampled speed data were transformed to frequency spectrums using the FFT. The frequency, which corresponds to the maximum amplitude in the spectrum, was used to calculate the motor speed. The test results show that the proposed method is very useful.
National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, 2010
Elevators such devices that should have minimum fault, maximum passenger comfort and should be ve... more Elevators such devices that should have minimum fault, maximum passenger comfort and should be very fast. Passengers in faulted elevators should be rescued in a very short time and should be renovated as soon as possible. In this case the condition of the elevator and cabin position should be observed. In this study an elevator automation system designed and constructed which contain remote monitoring the cabin motion dynamically at computer screen with a SCADA program. At the same time it also shows the cabin position and type of the faults.
The paper presents detection and classification of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in ... more The paper presents detection and classification of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induction motor by using power factor. One phase current and voltage of the stator coils were used to calculate the power factor. To investigate effects of rotor faults on the power factor, its frequency spectrum was obtained by fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Significant picks in the spectrum were used to discern "healthy" and "faulty" motor conditions. The motor conditions were classified by Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In experiments three different rotor faults and healthy motor conditions were investigated by 30 HP, 8'', with 18 bars, 380V, 2 poles and 50 Hz squirrel cage submersible induction motor. The proposed decision structure detects and classifies rotor bar faults with 100% accuracy.
The detection of broken rotor bars in three-phase squirrel cage induction motors by means of curr... more The detection of broken rotor bars in three-phase squirrel cage induction motors by means of current signature analysis is presented. In order to diagnose faults, a Neural Network approach is used. At first the data of different rotor faults are achieved. The effects of different rotor faults on current spectrum, in comparison with other fault conditions, are investigated via calculating Power Spectrum Density (PSD). Training the Neural Network discern between “healthy” and “faulty” motor conditions by using experimental data in case of healthy and faulted motor. The test results clearly illustrate that the stator current signature can be used to diagnose faults of squirrel cage rotor.
The paper presents detection of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induc... more The paper presents detection of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induction motor by using stator current envelope. Three different rotor faults and healthy motor conditions were investigated in experiments. One of the stator currents has been used in the investigation of effects of rotor faults on the current envelope. The ratios of fluctuation of the envelope were used as feature of fault conditions for diagnosis. In the literature a lot of studies are available about diagnosis and detection rotor many different analysis and feature extraction methods such as motor current signature analysis (MCSA), fast Fourier transform (FFT). Unlike the literature, in the present study the stator current envelopes are used. The use of the current envelope does not affect the performance of the fault detection, while requiring much less computation and low cost in implementation, which would make it easier to implement in embedded systems for condition monitoring of motor.
Kalici miknatisli senkron motorlar, yuksek moment/hacim oranlari ve ozellikle yuksek verimlerinde... more Kalici miknatisli senkron motorlar, yuksek moment/hacim oranlari ve ozellikle yuksek verimlerinden dolayi, 1985 yilindan itibaren endustriyel uyuglmarda tercih edilmektedir. Kalici miknatisli senkron motorlarin verimini belirleyen temel faktor rotor sargilarinin olmamasi olsa da, tasarim parametrelerinin ve kalici miknatisli senkron motor tasarim modelinin etkin secimi de verimi etkilemektedir. Bu calisma konsantre-sargili yuzey-miknatisli bir kalici miknatisli senkron motorun tasarim optimizasyonunu amaclamaktadir. On analitik tasarimi ve daha sonra genetik algoritma kullanilarak sezgisel tasarim optimizasyonu calisilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclar sonlu eleman analizi sonuclari ile karsilastirilmistir. Neticede sonuclarin kabul edilebilir oldugu gorulmustur.
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