Papers by muhammad Abdulrashid yahaya
Genes
Assessing the genetic diversity and population structure of cultivated sorghum is important for h... more Assessing the genetic diversity and population structure of cultivated sorghum is important for heterotic grouping, breeding population development, marker-assisted cultivar development, and release. The objectives of the present study were to assess the genetic diversity and deduce the population structure of 200 sorghum accessions using diversity arrays technology (DArT)-derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.10 to 0.50 with an average of 0.32, while the average observed heterozygosity (0.15) was relatively low, which is a typical value for autogamous crops species like sorghum. Moderate polymorphic information content (PIC) values were identified with a mean of 0.26, which indicates the informativeness of the chosen SNP markers. The population structure and cluster analyses revealed four main clusters with a high level of genetic diversity among the accessions studied. The variation within populations (41.5%) was sig...
Agronomy
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the main food staple for millions of people in Sub-Sahar... more Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the main food staple for millions of people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia. Sorghum is relatively drought tolerant and cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions under rain-fed production. However, severe drought stress often leads to crop loss and declined productivity. The development and deployment of high-yielding and drought-adapted genotypes is a cost-effective strategy for sustainable sorghum production globally. The objective of this study was to determine drought tolerance and genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) effects on grain yields of a population of African sorghum genotypes to identify high-yielding and drought-adapted genotypes for direct production and also for use in breeding programs. Two hundred and twenty-five sorghum genotypes were evaluated under non-stressed (NS), pre-anthesis drought stress (PreADS), and post-anthesis drought stress (PoADS) conditions under field and greenhouse environments using a 15 × 15 a...
Agronomy
Stem borer (SB) and more recently, fall armyworm (FAW) are serious economic pests in maize produc... more Stem borer (SB) and more recently, fall armyworm (FAW) are serious economic pests in maize production in sub-Saharan Africa. It is hypothesized that SB-resistant germplasm may confer resistance against FAW. However, the performance of SB-resistant lines in hybrid combinations and the inheritance of FAW-resistant traits under variable FAW infestations have not been reported. This study was conducted to (i) obtain information on the inheritance of agronomic and FAW-resistant traits under variable FAW infestations; (ii) identify hybrids combining high grain yield (GYLD) and stability under FAW infestations; and (iii) determine the effects of FAW damage on GYLD. Three SB-resistant lines (1393, CKSBL10060 and CML 331) as testers and six open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) as lines were crossed in a line tester scheme to generate eighteen test crosses. The test crosses together with two tester × tester crosses and two checks were evaluated under artificial FAW infestation (AI), natural infes...
Journal of Contemporary African Studies
ABSTRACT Political parties require strong financial backing to operate. Campaign activities requi... more ABSTRACT Political parties require strong financial backing to operate. Campaign activities require massive spending to convince electorates to accept the candidature of political parties in their locations. Yet, there are financial regulations on how campaigns and related activities should be conducted in Nigeria. This is to ensure transparency and accountability and eschew corrupt practices in the electoral process. However, despite these constitutional regulations and the provision of the Nigerian Electoral Act 2010, there seem to be cases of violations of financial regulations and weak enforcement of penalties. Thus, this paper examines the regulations in political party financing in Nigeria and the measures needed to ensure compliance. The work adopted a particularistic qualitative method of data collection and analysis. It uses primary (obtained from agencies) and secondary (government’s document and laws) data. The paper concludes that, while there are well-articulated regulations on political party financing in Nigeria, their implementation, monitoring, and enforcement, as well as the sanction of offenders remain very weak. The paper, therefore, recommends that policy makers, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and civil societies need to ensure compliance.
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kedah eBooks, Dec 1, 2018
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Dec 1, 2019
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science, 2022
Chromatographic analysis have been used in many ways in quantifying and identifying individual co... more Chromatographic analysis have been used in many ways in quantifying and identifying individual components in biodiesel samples, such as the identification of contaminants and Fatty acids methyl esters. Chromatography is vital in modern quality control analysis of biodiesel hence, its wide application in the study of biodiesel composition. These relevant studies have contributed immensely to the rapid growth of biodiesel production and analysis, with modern techniques providing better results. In this paper, several past research work on chromatographic analysis of Biodiesel from different oils have been reviewed.
International Journal of Agricultural Science, Research and Technology in Extension and Education Systems, 2011
The study analyzed the information needs and accessibility of artisanal fisher folk in Benue Stat... more The study analyzed the information needs and accessibility of artisanal fisher folk in Benue State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select two fishing communities from each of the three agro-ecological zones in the study area. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 222 respondents. Descriptive statistics showed that artisanal fisher folk were mostly married male adults with low level of formal education, low income, and low use of modern technologies. The chi-square test revealed that there was a significant relationship between access to needed information and the output of the artisanal fisher folk at 1% level of significance. Logit regression test revealed that age, education and household size had significant effect on fisher folk access to needed fisheries information. Important areas of information need of the fisher folk were, sources of micro credit, modern fish capture methods and aqua-culture. It was recommended that adequate fi...
Globalisation is a phenomenon and a process that is aspiring to transform the entire world into a... more Globalisation is a phenomenon and a process that is aspiring to transform the entire world into a single political and economic system through the rapid movement of goods and people across the planet in the most rapid speed ever witnessed in the history of mankind. This paper is a theoretical and conceptual research which investigates the dilemmas of the Muslim ummah in the era of globalisation. The problem is the way the global forces are threatening to obliterate all cultures and civilisations in favour for non-conforming Western political and economic arrangements. The research uses a qualitative method of data collection and analysis. Secondary sources are also used in the data collection. Books, journals, internet sources, and institutional reports are used for this research. The data gathered is analysed and interpreted using content analysis and thematic expressions. This research discovers that the Muslim ummah has been facing many challenges and issues, such as cultural imp...
Yeast are chemoorganotrophs that obtain carbon mostly from hexose sugars, such as glucose and fru... more Yeast are chemoorganotrophs that obtain carbon mostly from hexose sugars, such as glucose and fructose or disaccharides such as sucrose and maltose and these carbon sources are frequently present in yoghurt, cow milk and other fermentable products. Three fungal isolates were isolated from traditionally fermented cow milk which are saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccaharomyces pombae and Pichia anomala . Isolation was carried out by serially diluting the samples in the laboratory, which were fermented at room temperature for 24 hours. All of the yeast isolated are glucose and sucrose fermentors. Biosurfactant was also produced after growing the yeast in a prepared Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) containing 1.0 ml of crude oil at the temperature range between 27-30 0 C for 72 hours. After incubation oil displacement test was carried out to determine if biosurfactant can be produced from the yeast, from the result Saccharomyces cerevisiae and saccohromyes pombae showed clear zones with diamet...
Information on the magnitude of additive relative to non-additive variance of a trait in a popula... more Information on the magnitude of additive relative to non-additive variance of a trait in a population helps in deciding the appropriate breeding strategies for improving such trait. Two hundred and fifty-five full-sib families derived from IARTZI-Y Pop DT STR C0 using North Carolina Design I were evaluated at three environments in 2017 to determine the magnitude of additive variance relative to other components of variance in the population, and to assess relationship between grain yield and other agronomic traits. A 17 A— 15 alpha-lattice design with two replications was used in each trial after sub-dividing the males into 17 sets, each containing 15 full-sib families. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using appropriate software at P < 0.05. Males-within-set and females in male-within-set mean squares were significant (P < 0.01) for measured traits. Non-additive variances were larger than additive variances for grain yield and anthesis-silking interval but...
The resurgence of global terrorism in the 21st century compelled for the adoption of war against ... more The resurgence of global terrorism in the 21st century compelled for the adoption of war against terrorism as one of the major agenda of globalisation championed by the world powers of the US and her allies. This paper is a theoretical conceptual analysis of the double standard in the war against terrorism whereby the world dominant powers that shouldered the war against terrorism and have identified the phenomenon as a threat to global peace are also found committing atrocities globally, equivalent to or even worse than the acts of terrorists. This paper used secondary sources of data collection such as books, journals, Internet sources, and other documented sources. The data obtained were presented and discussed using thematic content analysis for discussions and findings. The paper discovered that terrorism has been specified and defined differently according to the perceptions and manipulative views of the international media and globalists whereby an act of committing grievous ...
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June 2021, 2021
A new generation of chemical hybridization agents (CHAs) or gametocides has shown potential to in... more A new generation of chemical hybridization agents (CHAs) or gametocides has shown potential to induce male sterility in predominantly self-fertilizing crops, including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench). There is a lack of information on the relative efficacy of the various available CHAs for large-scale application in plant breeding programs. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare the relative effectiveness of three selected CHAs to induce male sterility in sorghum under a controlled environment for hybridization. Foliar applications of three CHAs and a control (ethrel, trifluoromethanesulfonamide [TFMSA], ethyl 4-fluorooxanilate [E4FO] and distilled water [control]) were tested using three grain sorghum genotypes (ICS-1, ICS-2 and ICS-3) in two seasons. The 24 treatment combinations consisting of 4 levels of CHAs, 3 sorghum varieties and two seasons were laid out using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on pollen sterility, po...
Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study, 2020
The research explores the factors affecting employees' job motivation in small and medium ent... more The research explores the factors affecting employees' job motivation in small and medium enterprises in Dong Nai province from June 2019 to June 2020. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that there are five factors including the following elements: relationships in the organization; interesting job; Salary, bonus, and benefits; Training and promotion and assessment of job performance affects the working motivation of employees in small and medium-sized enterprises in Dong Nai province with the significance of 5%. In addBesidesstudy results were processed from SPSS 20.0, Amos software. Estimated parameters of the model by the least least-squared with a significance level of 1%. The results are also significant scientific evidence for researchers and policymakers at small and medium enterprises in Dong Nai province to apply research results to human resource development in the future. Based on the five-factor test results, the author proposed the priority go...
Journal of Crop Improvement, 2019
Reliable and effective hybridization methods are required in selfpollinating crops for genetic an... more Reliable and effective hybridization methods are required in selfpollinating crops for genetic analysis, recurrent selection and large-scale production of hybrid seed. The objective of this review was to document the different methodologies available for hybrid seed production in predominantly self-pollinating crops. Various methods have been used for hybrid seed production, each with its own advantages and limitations. To obtain a limited quantity of hybrid seed, mechanical emasculation combined with hand pollination remain the most widely used technique. However, these methods are labor-intensive and expensive when a continuous supply of large quantities of hybrid seed is required. Genetic male-sterility systems provide opportunities for large-scale hybrid seed production. However, the occurrence of natural male sterility is rare, and when available, it may not always provide compatible combinations with desirable agronomic attributes. Temporal male sterility can be achieved by the application of chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs), which render the pollen non-viable but maintain female fertility. CHAs hold promise for hybrid seed production because they are easy to use, particularly for field crops that are predominantly self-fertilizing. The cost and variable response of different crops and genotypes to various concentrations of CHAs present technical challenges for their widespread adoption. The choice of crossing method in each breeding program is influenced by the amount of seed required, crop species, level of technical expertise required, availability of cytoplasmic male-sterile lines and access to cheap and effective CHAs. This review provides guidance to plant breeders and seed producers in selecting a suitable crossing method for hybrid seed production in self-pollinating crops.
Journal of Techno Social, 2019
The phenomenon of Boko Haram insurgency in Northeastern Nigeria and other parts of the country ha... more The phenomenon of Boko Haram insurgency in Northeastern Nigeria and other parts of the country has turned the country into one of the insecured states in Sub-Saharan Africa and in the world at large. The issue which started in form of a radical preaching in 2009 led to a violent clash between the Boko Haram sect and the security agencies in Borno, a Northeastern state which heralded the formation of an insurgent group that later metamorphosed into a violent terror
Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 2019
Poverty is one of the major socio-economic problems in Nigeria which draws the concern of policy-... more Poverty is one of the major socio-economic problems in Nigeria which draws the concern of policy-makers in Nigeria of recently. In response to the scourge of poverty in Nigeria, the civilian government of Obasanjo introduced Poverty Alleviation Programme (PAP) in 2000 but later, PAP was halted and replaced with National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) in 2001. NAPEP has a multi-various approach to poverty eradication including Capacity Acquisition Programme (CAP) which is an emphasis on skills acquisition and training for self-reliance. The major problem is the way poverty is increasing in alarming rate despite various efforts by government to eradicate it in the period of this study. This study examined CAP in Gombe state and its impact on poverty eradication effort. The methodology adopted for this research is the use of primary source where interview was conducted with one local government chosen from each of the three zones of the state. Secondary source was also used wher...
Journal of Social and Political Sciences, 2019
Trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component of development strategies. Thr... more Trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component of development strategies. Through greater efficiency in resource allocation, specialization in production, dissemination of knowledge and technological progress, and competition, trade liberalization should favor economic development and growth. How is this reflected in poverty? In theory, a more liberalized trade regime will make greater use of the factors of production that are most abundant, thus increasing their relative price. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher prices for labor and a decrease in poverty. Hence, the removal of tariff and nontariff barriers (export and import bans, restrictive rules of origin), which remain particularly high in Africa, and improvements in trade facilitation have been recognized as a means for supporting Africa's economic development. Recent attempts to consolidate trade integration within Africa-for example, the Com
Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 2019
This study is an analysis of the nature and pattern of intra-party conflict in Nigeria's Fourth R... more This study is an analysis of the nature and pattern of intra-party conflict in Nigeria's Fourth Republic with specific reference to the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC). Intra-party conflict has been the norm in Nigerian politics leading to crises, setback and failure of many parties to forge ahead for proper democratisation in Nigeria including the ruling parties in many instances. The problem is the way in which intra-party conflict is becoming the bane of democratisation and good governance in Nigeria for many decades and despite the previous experiences, the phenomenon continued unabated. The study investigated the new dimension of intra-party conflict in Nigeria taking the APC as the case study. The study used a qualitative method of data collection and analysis. Primary and secondary sources of data were used. The primary data involved in-depth interviews with some selected informants from the relevant institutions and agencies related to the APC and the crises such as the national party executives, senior officials of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and academicians that are experts in the area of study. The secondary sources included were books, journals, newspapers, internets and other documented materials. The data obtained were discussed using content analysis where thematic analytical interpretations were used in the discussions. The research discovered that, the intra-party conflict under the APC has taken a new dimension where the members of the ruling party constituted an opposition and a stumbling block for the party's progress and governance. The work recommends that intra-party conflict of APC and other Nigerian political parties can be resolved through constitutional reforms, institutionalisation of party ideology and principles as well as strict sanctions from the national party leaders.
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Papers by muhammad Abdulrashid yahaya