This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
2019 42nd International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), 2019
The paper presents a solution for non-intrusive monitoring of driver state (drowsiness and health... more The paper presents a solution for non-intrusive monitoring of driver state (drowsiness and health condition) designed for highly automated vehicles, where the presence and degree of attention of the driver need to be assessed for road traffic safety purposes. A specific machine-learning algorithm is developed for this purpose. In the context of connected and (semi)autonomous car environment, truck platooning etc., a contactless detection of biomedical condition of the driver or passengers can be beneficial for traffic safety.
2016 International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Electricity (ICATE), 2016
The paper presents a start-up study and tests regarding the possibility of employing ZigBee commu... more The paper presents a start-up study and tests regarding the possibility of employing ZigBee communications for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. Such communications require less energy consumption, compared to other technologies and are recommended for dense urban areas, where the density of infrastructure equipment reaches higher levels and involves significant power consumption. A prototype for vehicle identification using ZigBee protocol is presented as a solution to test V2I communications in laboratory conditions.
This paper will focuses on the implementation of National Single Window (NSW) telematic applicati... more This paper will focuses on the implementation of National Single Window (NSW) telematic applications allowing the integration of inland and maritime waterway transport with other modes of transport and also with Port Community Management applications. The NSW concept refers to the implementation of a national system that will act as a single point of contact for the electronic submission and exchange (especially) of freight related information between public and private stakeholders from different transport modes. The main objective of the paper is to propose a solution and an implementation roadmap for the correlation and harmonization of the currently isolated and partly un-coordinated initiatives related to SW. NSW should build on existing telematic applications and systems like SafeSeaNet, River Information Services or Intelligent Transport Systems for Road Transport. In this way, the authors propose a possible approach in developing integrated NSW.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
The paper focuses on studying the effects of the communication chain in the total transmission ti... more The paper focuses on studying the effects of the communication chain in the total transmission time for systems employing mixed communications (mobile and fixed), for transmitting traffic and travel messages. The communication chain is divided in several components, each of those being analyzed from several points of view. The final part of the paper is trying to evaluate the amount of energy and/or fuel consumption reduction that a better traffic/travel information service is able to produce on an urban road network, considering the contribution of the communication efficiency. Different elements and physical delays of the signal are modeled and explained. The author takes also in consideration some measurements performed with data collected from Bucharest Traffic Management system.
The paper is presenting an overview of the factors that lead to critical delays which may occur i... more The paper is presenting an overview of the factors that lead to critical delays which may occur in multi-modal realtime traffic and travel information systems (MRTTI) employing cellular data network communications. The analysis is taking into account MRTTI systems that use mobile devices to detect position and speed of a vehicle and receive traffic information furthermore used to adjust a previously defined route from origin to destination points. Information transmission delays are also investigated for route guidance systems used in critical applications, such as emergency vehicles management. The identification of the delay factors and some models regarding the delays are presented along with measurements on a real system.
The purpose of this research was to develop a simple, cost-effective, but enough efficient soluti... more The purpose of this research was to develop a simple, cost-effective, but enough efficient solution for locating, tracking and distribution analysis of people and/or vehicle flowing, based on non-intrusive Bluetooth sensing and selective filtering algorithms employing artificial intelligence components. The solution provides a tool for analyzing density of targets in a specific area, useful when checking contact proximities of a target along a route. The principle consists of the detection of mobile devices that use active Bluetooth connections, such as personal notebooks, smartphones, smartwatches, Bluetooth headphones, etc. to locate and track their movement in the dedicated area. For this purpose, a specific configuration of three BT sensors is used and RSSI levels compared, based on a combination of differential location estimates. The solution may also be suited for indoor localization where GPS signals are usually weak or missing; for example, in public places such as subway s...
Truck platooning represents an innovative solution to increase fuel efficiency of the freight roa... more Truck platooning represents an innovative solution to increase fuel efficiency of the freight road transport. This method assumes short gaps between trucks and truck platooning is recommended for obtaining better fuel consumption. However, this may require a specific and/or dedicated infrastructure, since the total length of the convoy may be considerable, with a possible negative impact on the general traffic behaviour: other vehicles would need significantly increased space (and time) to overtake the truck platoon. To solve this situation and allow other vehicles to gradually overtake the platoon a solution is proposed for dynamic platoon formation, based on vehicle-to-vehicle communications. The ZigBee communication technology is proposed to ensure the identification of vehicles that are obstructed by the platoon and a series of laboratory measurements and field tests have been undertaken to assess validity.
This paper presents the concept and initial results of an European research project called In Tim... more This paper presents the concept and initial results of an European research project called In Time, regarding the integration via unified interfacing and the intelligent management of Multimodal Real time Travel and Traffic Information (MRTTI). The cooperation of different technologies, telematics applications and data fusion is used to produce more efficient travel management, with the final goal to reduce the energy consumption and emissions in urban areas, across the different modes of transports, by changing the mobility behaviour (modal shift) of the single traveller.
2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP)
The paper investigates the possibility of employing non-dedicated short range, energy-efficient c... more The paper investigates the possibility of employing non-dedicated short range, energy-efficient communications, such as ZigBee, for additional safety applications in a subway environment. Early driver warning on entering railway station in case of an obstacle on the rails, safety warning on passengers' safety and security etc. are applications that aren't usually implemented in the normal signaling processes on subway line. Field experiments on ZigBee performed in real tunnel environment demonstrate the usability of this communication technology for additional applications, with the advantage of relieving the native subway signaling system from dedicated appliance installation and interfering.
2018 10th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), 2018
Usually, a railway interlocking system gathers information from its insulated sections, also know... more Usually, a railway interlocking system gathers information from its insulated sections, also known as track circuits. Each section is consisting of a distinct electrical circuit that provides vital information regarding rolling stock position and presence. The track circuit is a critically safe component, and even in the case of a failure it must ensure that trains do not collide. Thus, the maintenance of these functional blocks is of a major importance in the automation process. If the maintenance procedures are implemented correctly and adequately the failures are potentially eliminated, or at least their frequency reduced, thus improving the safety and reducing maintenance costs. This paper presents an innovative solution to optimize the railway infrastructure maintenance operations in terms of time, need of human operators and energy consumption. A robotized, semi-automatic mobile platform is employed for different safety parameters measurement. Collected data can be either stor...
Background: The growth of the number of vehicles in traffic has led to an exponential increase in... more Background: The growth of the number of vehicles in traffic has led to an exponential increase in the number of road accidents with many negative consequences, such as loss of lives and pollution. Methods: This article focuses on using a new technology in automotive electronics by equipping a semi-autonomous vehicle with a complex sensor structure that is able to provide centralized information regarding the physiological signals (Electro encephalogram—EEG, electrocardiogram—ECG) of the driver/passengers and their location along with indoor temperature changes, employing the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Thus, transforming the vehicle into a mobile sensor connected to the internet will help highlight and create a new perspective on the cognitive and physiological conditions of passengers, which is useful for specific applications, such as health management and a more effective intervention in case of road accidents. These sensor structures mounted in vehicles will allow for a...
This paper provides results and conclusions of a study regarding the impact of new traffic signal... more This paper provides results and conclusions of a study regarding the impact of new traffic signaling technologies on energy consumption. The methodology for energy consumption calculation on the products lifecycle is also presented. The new traffic signaling technologies employ nowadays LED-driven traffic lights and new, environmental-friendly technologies for adaptive traffic management systems. The study has been carried on for the whole traffic signaling network in Bucharest, taking into account both older, incandescence lamps light sources, and the new LED signals (only with spot-centered technology). These research activities are part of a wider, EU co-funded research program, concerning the implementation of a real-time traffic information services to mobile users. This multi-national research tries to introduce a new, inter-operative information platform for Multimodal Real Time Traffic and Travel Information (RTTI) services, with the goal to reduce drastically energy consump...
This paper presents several electric, electromagnetic compatibility and communication, specific p... more This paper presents several electric, electromagnetic compatibility and communication, specific problems, encountered in the process for the implementation of an Intelligent Transport System for Bucharest, composed of an Urban Traffic Management subsystem (UTC) and a Public Transport Management (PTM) subsystem, along with a Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) subsystem. Mainly the problems of the compatibility between low energy signals used by traffic sensors or onboard equipment and power traction or vehicle supply are discussed in this paper.
This paper presents results of a research concerning the possibility of collecting anonymous data... more This paper presents results of a research concerning the possibility of collecting anonymous data regarding public transport level of service, employing wireless technologies (Bluetooth and Wi-Fi), big data and statistical filtering. Machine learning algorithms are used to detect, locate, create a map and record presence of travelers in public transport vehicles and stations, along with regular traffic data. The solution could also serve as back-up system for locating vehicles on their path.
2017 13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS)
Vehicle to infrastructure communications (V2I) are more and more common in nowadays Intelligent T... more Vehicle to infrastructure communications (V2I) are more and more common in nowadays Intelligent Transport Systems' applications dedicated to increasing safety and reducing driving stress, or to reducing environmental pollution. Telegrams exchanged between moving vehicles and road side units (RSUs) allow the delivery of updated information to traffic participants and gathering important data regarding the number of vehicles passing a certain section of a road, vehicle density on a road section, average speed etc. However, short-range radio communications, automatic handshaking / authentication are challenging features, especially when vehicles move with high velocity. Actual technologies include DSRC and IEEE 802.x standards, but sometimes these become crowded or saturated, preventing effective data exchange. Taking these into account, additional communications technologies such as Bluetooth and ZigBee have been field-tested to evaluate the possibility of supporting extended V2I messaging facilities. Results and recommendations are presented in the paper.
Proceedings of the 2017 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Sep 24, 2017
This paper aims to provide an image on the usability of low power, short distance standard commun... more This paper aims to provide an image on the usability of low power, short distance standard communications technologies for specific applications, like messaging, in cooperative collision avoidance or emergency vehicles guidance. Specific measurements regarding communications interferences and density have been performed in representative road junctions in Bucharest and the results were used to determine modalities for employing this type of communications for such applications.
The article presents a research in the field of complex sensing, detection, and recovery of commu... more The article presents a research in the field of complex sensing, detection, and recovery of communications networks applications and hardware, in case of failures, maloperations, or unauthorized intrusions. A case study, based on Davis AI engine operation versus human maintenance operation is performed on the efficiency of artificial intelligence agents in detecting faulty operation, in the context of growing complexity of communications networks, and the perspective of future development of internet of things, big data, smart cities, and connected vehicles. (*). In the second part of the article, a new solution is proposed for the detection of applications faults or unauthorized intrusions in traffic of communications networks. The first objective of the proposed method is to propose an approach for predicting time series. This approach is based on a multi-resolution decomposition of the signals employing the undecimate wavelet transform (UWT). The second approach for assessing tra...
This article presents the research and results of field tests and simulations regarding an autono... more This article presents the research and results of field tests and simulations regarding an autonomous/robotic railway vehicle, designed to collect multiple information on safety and functional parameters of a surface railway and/or subway section, based on data fusion and machine learning. The maintenance of complex railways, or subway networks with long operating times is a difficult process and intensive resources consuming. The proposed solution delivers human operators in the fault management service and operations from the time-consuming task of railway inspection and measurements, by integrating several sensors and collecting most relevant information on railway, associated automation equipment and infrastructure on a single intelligent platform. The robotic cart integrates autonomy, remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and ability to detect even infrastructural anomalies. Moreover, via a future process of complex statistical filtering of data, it is foreseen that the solu...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
2019 42nd International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), 2019
The paper presents a solution for non-intrusive monitoring of driver state (drowsiness and health... more The paper presents a solution for non-intrusive monitoring of driver state (drowsiness and health condition) designed for highly automated vehicles, where the presence and degree of attention of the driver need to be assessed for road traffic safety purposes. A specific machine-learning algorithm is developed for this purpose. In the context of connected and (semi)autonomous car environment, truck platooning etc., a contactless detection of biomedical condition of the driver or passengers can be beneficial for traffic safety.
2016 International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Electricity (ICATE), 2016
The paper presents a start-up study and tests regarding the possibility of employing ZigBee commu... more The paper presents a start-up study and tests regarding the possibility of employing ZigBee communications for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. Such communications require less energy consumption, compared to other technologies and are recommended for dense urban areas, where the density of infrastructure equipment reaches higher levels and involves significant power consumption. A prototype for vehicle identification using ZigBee protocol is presented as a solution to test V2I communications in laboratory conditions.
This paper will focuses on the implementation of National Single Window (NSW) telematic applicati... more This paper will focuses on the implementation of National Single Window (NSW) telematic applications allowing the integration of inland and maritime waterway transport with other modes of transport and also with Port Community Management applications. The NSW concept refers to the implementation of a national system that will act as a single point of contact for the electronic submission and exchange (especially) of freight related information between public and private stakeholders from different transport modes. The main objective of the paper is to propose a solution and an implementation roadmap for the correlation and harmonization of the currently isolated and partly un-coordinated initiatives related to SW. NSW should build on existing telematic applications and systems like SafeSeaNet, River Information Services or Intelligent Transport Systems for Road Transport. In this way, the authors propose a possible approach in developing integrated NSW.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
The paper focuses on studying the effects of the communication chain in the total transmission ti... more The paper focuses on studying the effects of the communication chain in the total transmission time for systems employing mixed communications (mobile and fixed), for transmitting traffic and travel messages. The communication chain is divided in several components, each of those being analyzed from several points of view. The final part of the paper is trying to evaluate the amount of energy and/or fuel consumption reduction that a better traffic/travel information service is able to produce on an urban road network, considering the contribution of the communication efficiency. Different elements and physical delays of the signal are modeled and explained. The author takes also in consideration some measurements performed with data collected from Bucharest Traffic Management system.
The paper is presenting an overview of the factors that lead to critical delays which may occur i... more The paper is presenting an overview of the factors that lead to critical delays which may occur in multi-modal realtime traffic and travel information systems (MRTTI) employing cellular data network communications. The analysis is taking into account MRTTI systems that use mobile devices to detect position and speed of a vehicle and receive traffic information furthermore used to adjust a previously defined route from origin to destination points. Information transmission delays are also investigated for route guidance systems used in critical applications, such as emergency vehicles management. The identification of the delay factors and some models regarding the delays are presented along with measurements on a real system.
The purpose of this research was to develop a simple, cost-effective, but enough efficient soluti... more The purpose of this research was to develop a simple, cost-effective, but enough efficient solution for locating, tracking and distribution analysis of people and/or vehicle flowing, based on non-intrusive Bluetooth sensing and selective filtering algorithms employing artificial intelligence components. The solution provides a tool for analyzing density of targets in a specific area, useful when checking contact proximities of a target along a route. The principle consists of the detection of mobile devices that use active Bluetooth connections, such as personal notebooks, smartphones, smartwatches, Bluetooth headphones, etc. to locate and track their movement in the dedicated area. For this purpose, a specific configuration of three BT sensors is used and RSSI levels compared, based on a combination of differential location estimates. The solution may also be suited for indoor localization where GPS signals are usually weak or missing; for example, in public places such as subway s...
Truck platooning represents an innovative solution to increase fuel efficiency of the freight roa... more Truck platooning represents an innovative solution to increase fuel efficiency of the freight road transport. This method assumes short gaps between trucks and truck platooning is recommended for obtaining better fuel consumption. However, this may require a specific and/or dedicated infrastructure, since the total length of the convoy may be considerable, with a possible negative impact on the general traffic behaviour: other vehicles would need significantly increased space (and time) to overtake the truck platoon. To solve this situation and allow other vehicles to gradually overtake the platoon a solution is proposed for dynamic platoon formation, based on vehicle-to-vehicle communications. The ZigBee communication technology is proposed to ensure the identification of vehicles that are obstructed by the platoon and a series of laboratory measurements and field tests have been undertaken to assess validity.
This paper presents the concept and initial results of an European research project called In Tim... more This paper presents the concept and initial results of an European research project called In Time, regarding the integration via unified interfacing and the intelligent management of Multimodal Real time Travel and Traffic Information (MRTTI). The cooperation of different technologies, telematics applications and data fusion is used to produce more efficient travel management, with the final goal to reduce the energy consumption and emissions in urban areas, across the different modes of transports, by changing the mobility behaviour (modal shift) of the single traveller.
2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP)
The paper investigates the possibility of employing non-dedicated short range, energy-efficient c... more The paper investigates the possibility of employing non-dedicated short range, energy-efficient communications, such as ZigBee, for additional safety applications in a subway environment. Early driver warning on entering railway station in case of an obstacle on the rails, safety warning on passengers' safety and security etc. are applications that aren't usually implemented in the normal signaling processes on subway line. Field experiments on ZigBee performed in real tunnel environment demonstrate the usability of this communication technology for additional applications, with the advantage of relieving the native subway signaling system from dedicated appliance installation and interfering.
2018 10th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), 2018
Usually, a railway interlocking system gathers information from its insulated sections, also know... more Usually, a railway interlocking system gathers information from its insulated sections, also known as track circuits. Each section is consisting of a distinct electrical circuit that provides vital information regarding rolling stock position and presence. The track circuit is a critically safe component, and even in the case of a failure it must ensure that trains do not collide. Thus, the maintenance of these functional blocks is of a major importance in the automation process. If the maintenance procedures are implemented correctly and adequately the failures are potentially eliminated, or at least their frequency reduced, thus improving the safety and reducing maintenance costs. This paper presents an innovative solution to optimize the railway infrastructure maintenance operations in terms of time, need of human operators and energy consumption. A robotized, semi-automatic mobile platform is employed for different safety parameters measurement. Collected data can be either stor...
Background: The growth of the number of vehicles in traffic has led to an exponential increase in... more Background: The growth of the number of vehicles in traffic has led to an exponential increase in the number of road accidents with many negative consequences, such as loss of lives and pollution. Methods: This article focuses on using a new technology in automotive electronics by equipping a semi-autonomous vehicle with a complex sensor structure that is able to provide centralized information regarding the physiological signals (Electro encephalogram—EEG, electrocardiogram—ECG) of the driver/passengers and their location along with indoor temperature changes, employing the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Thus, transforming the vehicle into a mobile sensor connected to the internet will help highlight and create a new perspective on the cognitive and physiological conditions of passengers, which is useful for specific applications, such as health management and a more effective intervention in case of road accidents. These sensor structures mounted in vehicles will allow for a...
This paper provides results and conclusions of a study regarding the impact of new traffic signal... more This paper provides results and conclusions of a study regarding the impact of new traffic signaling technologies on energy consumption. The methodology for energy consumption calculation on the products lifecycle is also presented. The new traffic signaling technologies employ nowadays LED-driven traffic lights and new, environmental-friendly technologies for adaptive traffic management systems. The study has been carried on for the whole traffic signaling network in Bucharest, taking into account both older, incandescence lamps light sources, and the new LED signals (only with spot-centered technology). These research activities are part of a wider, EU co-funded research program, concerning the implementation of a real-time traffic information services to mobile users. This multi-national research tries to introduce a new, inter-operative information platform for Multimodal Real Time Traffic and Travel Information (RTTI) services, with the goal to reduce drastically energy consump...
This paper presents several electric, electromagnetic compatibility and communication, specific p... more This paper presents several electric, electromagnetic compatibility and communication, specific problems, encountered in the process for the implementation of an Intelligent Transport System for Bucharest, composed of an Urban Traffic Management subsystem (UTC) and a Public Transport Management (PTM) subsystem, along with a Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) subsystem. Mainly the problems of the compatibility between low energy signals used by traffic sensors or onboard equipment and power traction or vehicle supply are discussed in this paper.
This paper presents results of a research concerning the possibility of collecting anonymous data... more This paper presents results of a research concerning the possibility of collecting anonymous data regarding public transport level of service, employing wireless technologies (Bluetooth and Wi-Fi), big data and statistical filtering. Machine learning algorithms are used to detect, locate, create a map and record presence of travelers in public transport vehicles and stations, along with regular traffic data. The solution could also serve as back-up system for locating vehicles on their path.
2017 13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS)
Vehicle to infrastructure communications (V2I) are more and more common in nowadays Intelligent T... more Vehicle to infrastructure communications (V2I) are more and more common in nowadays Intelligent Transport Systems' applications dedicated to increasing safety and reducing driving stress, or to reducing environmental pollution. Telegrams exchanged between moving vehicles and road side units (RSUs) allow the delivery of updated information to traffic participants and gathering important data regarding the number of vehicles passing a certain section of a road, vehicle density on a road section, average speed etc. However, short-range radio communications, automatic handshaking / authentication are challenging features, especially when vehicles move with high velocity. Actual technologies include DSRC and IEEE 802.x standards, but sometimes these become crowded or saturated, preventing effective data exchange. Taking these into account, additional communications technologies such as Bluetooth and ZigBee have been field-tested to evaluate the possibility of supporting extended V2I messaging facilities. Results and recommendations are presented in the paper.
Proceedings of the 2017 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Sep 24, 2017
This paper aims to provide an image on the usability of low power, short distance standard commun... more This paper aims to provide an image on the usability of low power, short distance standard communications technologies for specific applications, like messaging, in cooperative collision avoidance or emergency vehicles guidance. Specific measurements regarding communications interferences and density have been performed in representative road junctions in Bucharest and the results were used to determine modalities for employing this type of communications for such applications.
The article presents a research in the field of complex sensing, detection, and recovery of commu... more The article presents a research in the field of complex sensing, detection, and recovery of communications networks applications and hardware, in case of failures, maloperations, or unauthorized intrusions. A case study, based on Davis AI engine operation versus human maintenance operation is performed on the efficiency of artificial intelligence agents in detecting faulty operation, in the context of growing complexity of communications networks, and the perspective of future development of internet of things, big data, smart cities, and connected vehicles. (*). In the second part of the article, a new solution is proposed for the detection of applications faults or unauthorized intrusions in traffic of communications networks. The first objective of the proposed method is to propose an approach for predicting time series. This approach is based on a multi-resolution decomposition of the signals employing the undecimate wavelet transform (UWT). The second approach for assessing tra...
This article presents the research and results of field tests and simulations regarding an autono... more This article presents the research and results of field tests and simulations regarding an autonomous/robotic railway vehicle, designed to collect multiple information on safety and functional parameters of a surface railway and/or subway section, based on data fusion and machine learning. The maintenance of complex railways, or subway networks with long operating times is a difficult process and intensive resources consuming. The proposed solution delivers human operators in the fault management service and operations from the time-consuming task of railway inspection and measurements, by integrating several sensors and collecting most relevant information on railway, associated automation equipment and infrastructure on a single intelligent platform. The robotic cart integrates autonomy, remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and ability to detect even infrastructural anomalies. Moreover, via a future process of complex statistical filtering of data, it is foreseen that the solu...
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