I am Mahdieh Namayandeh MD PhD , Epidemiologist, Research manager of Yazd cardiovascular research center, head of primary prevention center of cardiovascular diseases. Yazd ,Iran,
Dental pulp stones are discrete calcifications in the pulp chamber which are often seen in decidu... more Dental pulp stones are discrete calcifications in the pulp chamber which are often seen in deciduous and permanent teeth. It has been hypothesised that atherosclerosis can be associated with their development. To determine whether a higher prevalence of dental pulp stones is correlated with coronary artery stenosis. Sixty-one patients aged 20-55 years referred to Afshar Heart Center for invasive coronary angiography were invited to undergo panoramic dental radiography. The panoramic radiographs were independently examined for the presence of pulp stones. Pulp stones were present in 82% (31/38) of patients with at least one clinically significant coronary artery stenosis and in 48% (11/23) of patients with normal coronary angiography. They were present in 13% of the teeth in the former group and in 5% of the teeth in the latter. The findings show a statistically significant association between coronary artery stenosis and presence of pulp stones (odds ratio 4.83, 95% confidence interval 1.5-15.4). Coronary artery stenosis and dental pulp calcification are significantly associated. Dental radiography has the potential to be used as a rapid screening method for the early detection of coronary artery stenosis.
OBJECTIVE—The clinical value of metabolic syndrome is uncertain. Thus, we examined cardiovascular... more OBJECTIVE—The clinical value of metabolic syndrome is uncertain. Thus, we examined cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes risk prediction by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII), International Diabetes Federation, and World Health Organization definitions of the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We analyzed the risks associated with metabolic syndrome, the NCEP multiple risk factor categories, and 2-h glucose values in the San Antonio Heart Study (n = 2,559; age range 25–64 years; 7.4 years of follow-up). RESULTS—Both ATPIII metabolic syndrome plus age ≥45 years (odds ratio 9.25 [95% CI 4.85–17.7]) and multiple (two or more) risk factors plus a 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk of 10–20% (11.9 [6.00–23.6]) had similar CVD risk in men without CHD, as well as CHD risk equivalents. In women counterparts, multiple (two or more) risk factors plus a 10-year CHD risk of 10–20% was infrequent (10 of 1,254). However, ei...
It is now generally accepted that intrauterine development is determined by the interaction betwe... more It is now generally accepted that intrauterine development is determined by the interaction between inherited factors in the germ cells and the environment in which the fetus grows. The question has repeatedly arisen as to the relative significance of these two factors, heredity and environment, in the pathogenesis of congenital malformations. The recent thalidomide catastrophe has stimulated anew the interest in the study of environmentally-induced anomalies which was generated a quarter of a century ago by the discovery of the teratogenic effect of the rubella virus. The accumulated experience gained from clinical and experimental observations during the last few decades has led to the recognition of some main principles concerning the pathogenesis of environmentally-induced fetal malformations [lo, 14, 39, 401. 1. The effect of a teratogenic agent depends on the developmental stage of the fetus when exposed to its influmce. 2. The same agent can give rise to different malformations and different factors may cause the same anomaly. 3. Teratogenic embryopathies may be indistinguishable from hereditary malformations (phenocopies). 4. A teratogenic agent may not cause any detectable maternal disturbance. Knowledge of the relationship between maternal infections during pregnancy and fetal malformations is still incomplete. In addition to rubella, some other infectious diseases have been studied with regard to their teratogenic effect on the fetus but the results have so far been controversial. The present study was undertaken to obtain further knowledge of the epidemiology and etiology of an important group of malformations, namely congenital heart disease.
Introduction Hypertension is major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases and has beco... more Introduction Hypertension is major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases and has become one of the major global challenges.To Development of a 10-year Persian Adult Hypertension Risk Score (PAHRS) based on Yazd healthy heart cohort study data. The present study is a longitudinal study as a sub study of Yazd Healthy Heart Cohort (YHHC). Method A total number of 1152 out of 2000 participants aged 20-74 years without hypertension at baseline were included in this study. The risk scoring system was used to predict the incidence of hypertension over a tenyear follow-up using logistic regression model. The performance of the predictive algorithm was evaluated using calibration and model discrimination. A web application was developed based on this study result and risk assessment system with link of https://survey.porsline.ir/s/2OGlwx6H. Result A total number of 324 patients (36.3%, mean age of 42.8 years) became hypertensive at the end of the 10year follow up of the present study. In the multivariate logistic regression model, age, family history of hypertension, baseline systolic hypertension, history of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and obesity were identi ed as independent predictors of hypertension. Participants according to their ten-years hypertension risk by the point score system classi ed into three groups: low-risk, with a risk of < 10% in 135 participant (11.7%) and intermediate-risk,with a mean risk of 10%-20% in 319 participant (27.7%) and high-risk with a risk of > 20% in 698 participant(60.6%). The value of C statistic for the point score system was calculated to be 0.72 and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the calibration was acceptable (χ 2 = 3.26, P = 0.917) for ten years of incidence of hypertension in the YHHC study. Conclusion The Persian Adult Hypertension Risk Score (PAHRS), which was developed for the rst time using Yazd native residents' data, is a simple and useful tool in hypertension risk assessment and consider prevention program based on high risk population approach.. The almost two third of the our study population was estimated to be at high risk for hypertension during ten years so using our risk scoring system can be used for health policy in primary prevention of hypertension in communities.
Background One of the consequences of coronary heart diseases (CAD) is a heart attack, which can ... more Background One of the consequences of coronary heart diseases (CAD) is a heart attack, which can sometimes lead to death. In Iran, as well as in most West Asian countries, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death, accounting for 46% of total mortality. This study aims to estimate and identify in hospital mortality predictors or prognostic factors for patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods This study utilized data from the Yazd Cardiovascular Diseases Registry (YCDR), which is a registry of inpatient ischemic heart disease in Yazd province, Iran. Logistic Regression was used to analyze and adjust for confounding. Variables that were not signi cant in the univariate analysis (P_value > 0.10) were discarded, and the remaining variables were entered into multivariable analysis. Variables with P_value < 0.05 were retained in the model, while others were discarded. Results The study included 1,861 patients with STEMI. Among them, 105 (5.7%) individuals died during admission the hospital. After multivariable logistic regression, the following variables were identi ed as prognostic factors for in
Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion, Oct 31, 2023
Background: Identification of self-care behaviors and barriers in the COVID-19 pandemic can help ... more Background: Identification of self-care behaviors and barriers in the COVID-19 pandemic can help health policymakers design appropriate and practical plans. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of self-care behaviors in preventing COVID-19 based on the health belief model (HBM) among families in Yazd City. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted using the convenience sampling method in 2020. The research data were collected via a researcher-made questionnaire based on the HBM. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed before its distribution on social networks. A total of 226 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The results showed no significant correlations between the mean scores of HBM constructs and participants’ age, gender, and education level (p &gt; 0.05). Also, the linear regression test indicated that perceived self-efficacy (B = 0.88), perceived susceptibility (B = 0.63), and perceived intensity (B = 0.74) were the most predictive constructs, demonstrating statistical significance. (P &lt; 0/05). The HBM constructs could significantly predict preventive behaviors of COVID-19 and accounted for 29.6 % of their changes (Adjusted R2 = 0.296, F = 18.85, p ≤ 0.000). Conclusion: Implementing effective interventions based on the health belief model, with a particular focus on improving self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity can reduce the incidence of COVID-19 and its associated complications.
Background: There is a substantial disparity in coronary artery disease (CAD) burden between Iran... more Background: There is a substantial disparity in coronary artery disease (CAD) burden between Iran and other nations that place a strong emphasis on the assessment of CAD risk factors and individuals' awareness and ability to control them. Methods: Two-thousand participants of a community-based Iranian population aged 20-74 years, were investigated with a mean follow-up of 9.9 years (range: 7.6 to 12.2). An analysis of Cox regression was conducted to determine the association between CAD development and classic risk factors like age, gender, smoking, physical activity, education, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. We calculated attributed risk percent and absolute risk reductions for risk factors and protective factors. Results: After a follow-up period of nearly 10 years, a total of 225 CAD events were reported, constituting 14.5% of the overall incidences. Nighty three percent of participants had more than one risk factor. Age was the most predictive ri...
Background: Almost 90% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes and the upward trend of this ... more Background: Almost 90% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes and the upward trend of this chronic disease is still ongoing, so that after about four decades, this disease is still one of the top 10 causes of death, while half of these deaths occur in people under 60 years of age. Therefore, prevention is essential and the implementation of the most effective intervention approach is required after recognizing at-risk individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification interventions and metformin on the prevention of type 2 diabetes and improvement in four risk factors related to diabetes. Methods: The study was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, and Google Scholar without time and language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials which examined the effect of both lifestyle modification interventions and metformin in a population over the age of 18 years with no history of any type of diabetes were included. After the withdrawal of poor quality studies and those withfollow-up time of less than 6 months, structured review and meta-analysis will be performed to calculate the relative risk of type 2 diabetes incidence and mean difference in weight, body mass index, plasma fasting glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. Data analysis was performed using comprehensive meta-analysis software version 2.2.064. Conclusion: This study will make it possible to choose between two conventional therapeutic approaches (lifestyle modification and metformin) to prevent type 2 diabetes and its impact on four risk factors.
Background: concerning ascending trend in prevalence of chronic type diabetes, prevention and the... more Background: concerning ascending trend in prevalence of chronic type diabetes, prevention and the development of an effective approach after recognition of at risk individuals are crucial. The aim of this study is to investigate the in uence of lifestyle modi cation and metformin interventions in the prevention of type diabetes developments. Method: The search was conducted using PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Web of science data bases. The inclusion criteria include randomized controlled trials (RCT) which studied both lifestyle modi cation and metformin interventions in the population above 18 years old without history of any types of diabetes. After excluding studies with intervention time less than 6 months, systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate relative risk (RR) with con dence interval (CI) 95% of type diabetes development. Results: data from 5 studies were included in meta-analysis. The population also consists of individuals with mean age of 50 years old with BMI and FBS of 35.5 and 104.7 mg/dl respectively. Participants' range of prevention year was between 2-3 years with mean of 2.8 years. Lifestyle modi cation decreases the probability of the incidence of type diabetes by 25.3 % (RR: 0.747, 95% CI, 0.6-0.92) compared to the metformin intervention (p-value= 0.007). Our results indicate that long-term lifestyle modi cations can prevent diabetes type and decrease diabetes mellitus incidence down to onequarter in comparison to metformin. Conclusion: lifestyle modi cation can be more e cacious than metformin in diminishing incidence of type diabetes. Therefore, lifestyle modi cation can be a therapeutic strategy for controlling type diabetes incidence especially in high risk individuals. Key Messages This meta-analysis includes randomized clinical trials that directly evaluated two lifestyle modi cation and metformin treatment interventions. Our results indicate that long-term lifestyle modi cations can prevent diabetes type and decrease diabetes mellitus incidence down to one-quarter in comparison to metformin.
Introduction: With increase in the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutant... more Introduction: With increase in the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutants, it is essential to control them and have a program to eliminate or minimize these environmental contaminants. Cardboard recycling industry wastewater has the potential of environmental pollution; it is contaminated with various fungal species that may be effective in the decomposition and removal of pollutants. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify native fungal species that decontaminate the organic pollutants in the cardboard recycling industry wastewaters. Methods: In this descriptive study, samples were randomly selected from different areas within the wastewaters of cardboard recycling industry. Samples were cultured on Saboraud dextrose agar medium for isolation of probable fungal species. The isolated fungal colonies were enumerated and purified based on their morphological characteristics and microscopic analysis. Results: The average total number of fungi species in wastewater of cardboard recycling industry was 2.5×102 CFU/ml, of these 2.1×101 were saprophytic fungi. The most prevalent fungal species were identified from the wastewater including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum, Geotrichum, Mucor, Drechselera, Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Fusarium, and Absidia. The highest frequency of fungal species of Aspergillus nige, Aspergillus flavus, and Penicillum were 30.89, 22.76, and 14.63 percent, respectively. Conclusion: According to the literature and results of this study, it seems that the native fungi isolated from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater were from fungi with the potential for bioremediation of wastewater contaminants. Therefore, their ability to decompose wastewater of this industry can be investigated in future studies.
Introduction: Rapid changes in lifestyle, especially in nutritional aspects of the elderly, have ... more Introduction: Rapid changes in lifestyle, especially in nutritional aspects of the elderly, have led to many chronic diseases. Therefore, attention to nutritional needs of the elderly is an essential issue. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of healthy nutrition behaviors based on health belief model (HBM) in the elderlies of Kalat city,
Background: The current study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off of obesity indices for detec... more Background: The current study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off of obesity indices for detecting coronary heart disease (CHD) in 10-year study of Yazd Healthy Heart Cohort (YHHC) in Iran. Methods: A total of 2000 individuals aged 20-74 years were enrolled. All participants without cardiovascular disease (CVD) had a full medical check-up at the start of the study. At the start of the study, a variety of obesity indices were assessed and calculated, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI), and body roundness index (BRI). Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), myocardial infarction (MI), Rose Angina Questionnaire (RAQ) (chest pain) greater than 3, and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in favour of the coronary artery disease (CAD) were considered as the CVD risks. A time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with right-censored data and naive estimator was used to estimate the time-dependent sensitivity and specificity and the best cut-off of the anthropometric indices for CHD risk. Results: Overall, 1623 participants (818 men and 805 women) with mean and standard deviation (SD) of weight of 71.21 ± 12.94 kg were included. In a 10-year follow-up, 101 [59 (58.42%) men and 42 (41.58%) women] developed CVD event. WHpR demonstrated the largest area under the time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) of 0.65 and 0.63 as well as 95% confidence interval (CI) of 58.64-72.66 and 50.74-75.55 for men and women, respectively, in predicting CVD. Optimal WHpR cut-off was 0.93 and 0.92, respectively, for men and women. Conclusion: WHpR index was superior to other obesity indices in predicting CHD.
Cardboard recycling industrials are one of the major wastewater-producing industries. Bioremediat... more Cardboard recycling industrials are one of the major wastewater-producing industries. Bioremediation processes are economical and eco-friendly alternatives for industrial wastewater treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the bioremediation of cardboard recycling industrial wastewater by isolated native fungal strains. At first, samples of the cardboard recycling industry wastewater were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. After that, the grown colonies were identified using morphological characteristics and microscopic observation. In this study, fungi including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium digitatum, Fusarium, Alternaria, Paecillomyces, Drechslera, Geotrichum, Mucor, and Absidia in cardboard recycling industrial wastewater were identified. Considering the frequency of grown fungi, A. niger, A. flavus, and P. digitatum were selected for bioremediation of the cardboard recycling industry wastewater. Then a suspension containing 1 × 10 6 CFU mL-1 of fungal spore and the wastewater in dilutions of 25%, 50%, and 90% and pH levels of 5, 7, and 8 were prepared. Following that, 10 mL of fungal spore suspension was inoculated into the samples for decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and incubated for 10 d. The results of this study were analyzed by SPSS software and one-way ANOVA tests were performed and the significance level was considered p < 0.05. In this study, the maximum decolorization was obtained by A. flavus (50.58%) at pH of 7 and dilution 25% and the maximum removal efficiency of COD was obtained by P. digitatum (70.98%) at pH of 5 and dilution 25% for 10 d. This study confirms that native fungi have the potential to decolorize and remove COD from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater.
Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications, Oct 15, 2006
ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic syndrome is a complex of metabolic disorders that contemporary occ... more ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic syndrome is a complex of metabolic disorders that contemporary occurrence in a person is more than the risk of occurrence of each one separately. this syndrome has gained researcher&#39;s attention because of its relationship with cardiovascular disease and diabetes type II and its high prevalence in populations Methods: A cross-sectional study performed on 1110 participants, 20-74 years old with cluster sampling. All of them had interview and special questionnaire were filled. Epidemiologic and demographic data were about hypertention cardio vascular disease and related lab data. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 32.1% that it was significantly more in women than men .this prevalence increased with age and BMI in both sexes .the most common metabolic disorder was TG&gt;=150. 19.2% have none, 21.1% have one, 27.6% have two, 20.8% have three,9% have four and 2.3% have all criteria of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Approximately one third of population of Yazd have metabolic syndrome and according to other statistics of Iran, this prevalence is more than U.S and Europe. It seems there is an urgent need for a national multicenter program for determinding risk factors for metabolic syndrome.
Background: The study on natural substances especially, dietary components such as liquid oils af... more Background: The study on natural substances especially, dietary components such as liquid oils affecting cholesterol can be important for therapeutic propose. Sesame seeds with various biomedical actions can be control the hypercholesterolemia. On the other hand, olive oil has a wide range of therapeutic effect on lipid profile in human. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare lipid profile changes after olive and sesame oils consumption in hypercholesterolemia. Methods: This study was a clinical randomized trial that was performed via parallel design on 48 patients. The patients were randomly allocated in to two groups: A: olive oil and B: sesame oil. After 1 month prescription of Step I National Cholesterol Education Program diet, patients consumed 4 table spoons aprox. 60 g) of refined olive or sesame oil daily as an exchange of other oils, for 1 month. Lipid profiles The P < 0.05 was considered as significant difference. Results: Out of 48 patients, 24 (50%) were men. The mean age was 41.7 ± 8.3 years. The mean of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, before oil consumption was 224.5 ± 22, 256 ± 132, 132.6 ± 9, and 44.5 ± 11 mg/dl. After olive oil consumption cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, weight, waist and BMI were decreased and HDL-C was increased. After sesame oil consumption cholesterol, TG, LDL-C were significantly decreased. Weight, waist were decreased and HDL-C was increased (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Sesame oil had equivalent effect on lipid profile in comparison olive oil and lipid profile improvement was better in sesame oil in LDL-C and TG.
Dental pulp stones are discrete calcifications in the pulp chamber which are often seen in decidu... more Dental pulp stones are discrete calcifications in the pulp chamber which are often seen in deciduous and permanent teeth. It has been hypothesised that atherosclerosis can be associated with their development. To determine whether a higher prevalence of dental pulp stones is correlated with coronary artery stenosis. Sixty-one patients aged 20-55 years referred to Afshar Heart Center for invasive coronary angiography were invited to undergo panoramic dental radiography. The panoramic radiographs were independently examined for the presence of pulp stones. Pulp stones were present in 82% (31/38) of patients with at least one clinically significant coronary artery stenosis and in 48% (11/23) of patients with normal coronary angiography. They were present in 13% of the teeth in the former group and in 5% of the teeth in the latter. The findings show a statistically significant association between coronary artery stenosis and presence of pulp stones (odds ratio 4.83, 95% confidence interval 1.5-15.4). Coronary artery stenosis and dental pulp calcification are significantly associated. Dental radiography has the potential to be used as a rapid screening method for the early detection of coronary artery stenosis.
OBJECTIVE—The clinical value of metabolic syndrome is uncertain. Thus, we examined cardiovascular... more OBJECTIVE—The clinical value of metabolic syndrome is uncertain. Thus, we examined cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes risk prediction by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII), International Diabetes Federation, and World Health Organization definitions of the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We analyzed the risks associated with metabolic syndrome, the NCEP multiple risk factor categories, and 2-h glucose values in the San Antonio Heart Study (n = 2,559; age range 25–64 years; 7.4 years of follow-up). RESULTS—Both ATPIII metabolic syndrome plus age ≥45 years (odds ratio 9.25 [95% CI 4.85–17.7]) and multiple (two or more) risk factors plus a 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk of 10–20% (11.9 [6.00–23.6]) had similar CVD risk in men without CHD, as well as CHD risk equivalents. In women counterparts, multiple (two or more) risk factors plus a 10-year CHD risk of 10–20% was infrequent (10 of 1,254). However, ei...
It is now generally accepted that intrauterine development is determined by the interaction betwe... more It is now generally accepted that intrauterine development is determined by the interaction between inherited factors in the germ cells and the environment in which the fetus grows. The question has repeatedly arisen as to the relative significance of these two factors, heredity and environment, in the pathogenesis of congenital malformations. The recent thalidomide catastrophe has stimulated anew the interest in the study of environmentally-induced anomalies which was generated a quarter of a century ago by the discovery of the teratogenic effect of the rubella virus. The accumulated experience gained from clinical and experimental observations during the last few decades has led to the recognition of some main principles concerning the pathogenesis of environmentally-induced fetal malformations [lo, 14, 39, 401. 1. The effect of a teratogenic agent depends on the developmental stage of the fetus when exposed to its influmce. 2. The same agent can give rise to different malformations and different factors may cause the same anomaly. 3. Teratogenic embryopathies may be indistinguishable from hereditary malformations (phenocopies). 4. A teratogenic agent may not cause any detectable maternal disturbance. Knowledge of the relationship between maternal infections during pregnancy and fetal malformations is still incomplete. In addition to rubella, some other infectious diseases have been studied with regard to their teratogenic effect on the fetus but the results have so far been controversial. The present study was undertaken to obtain further knowledge of the epidemiology and etiology of an important group of malformations, namely congenital heart disease.
Introduction Hypertension is major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases and has beco... more Introduction Hypertension is major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases and has become one of the major global challenges.To Development of a 10-year Persian Adult Hypertension Risk Score (PAHRS) based on Yazd healthy heart cohort study data. The present study is a longitudinal study as a sub study of Yazd Healthy Heart Cohort (YHHC). Method A total number of 1152 out of 2000 participants aged 20-74 years without hypertension at baseline were included in this study. The risk scoring system was used to predict the incidence of hypertension over a tenyear follow-up using logistic regression model. The performance of the predictive algorithm was evaluated using calibration and model discrimination. A web application was developed based on this study result and risk assessment system with link of https://survey.porsline.ir/s/2OGlwx6H. Result A total number of 324 patients (36.3%, mean age of 42.8 years) became hypertensive at the end of the 10year follow up of the present study. In the multivariate logistic regression model, age, family history of hypertension, baseline systolic hypertension, history of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and obesity were identi ed as independent predictors of hypertension. Participants according to their ten-years hypertension risk by the point score system classi ed into three groups: low-risk, with a risk of < 10% in 135 participant (11.7%) and intermediate-risk,with a mean risk of 10%-20% in 319 participant (27.7%) and high-risk with a risk of > 20% in 698 participant(60.6%). The value of C statistic for the point score system was calculated to be 0.72 and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the calibration was acceptable (χ 2 = 3.26, P = 0.917) for ten years of incidence of hypertension in the YHHC study. Conclusion The Persian Adult Hypertension Risk Score (PAHRS), which was developed for the rst time using Yazd native residents' data, is a simple and useful tool in hypertension risk assessment and consider prevention program based on high risk population approach.. The almost two third of the our study population was estimated to be at high risk for hypertension during ten years so using our risk scoring system can be used for health policy in primary prevention of hypertension in communities.
Background One of the consequences of coronary heart diseases (CAD) is a heart attack, which can ... more Background One of the consequences of coronary heart diseases (CAD) is a heart attack, which can sometimes lead to death. In Iran, as well as in most West Asian countries, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death, accounting for 46% of total mortality. This study aims to estimate and identify in hospital mortality predictors or prognostic factors for patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods This study utilized data from the Yazd Cardiovascular Diseases Registry (YCDR), which is a registry of inpatient ischemic heart disease in Yazd province, Iran. Logistic Regression was used to analyze and adjust for confounding. Variables that were not signi cant in the univariate analysis (P_value > 0.10) were discarded, and the remaining variables were entered into multivariable analysis. Variables with P_value < 0.05 were retained in the model, while others were discarded. Results The study included 1,861 patients with STEMI. Among them, 105 (5.7%) individuals died during admission the hospital. After multivariable logistic regression, the following variables were identi ed as prognostic factors for in
Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion, Oct 31, 2023
Background: Identification of self-care behaviors and barriers in the COVID-19 pandemic can help ... more Background: Identification of self-care behaviors and barriers in the COVID-19 pandemic can help health policymakers design appropriate and practical plans. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of self-care behaviors in preventing COVID-19 based on the health belief model (HBM) among families in Yazd City. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted using the convenience sampling method in 2020. The research data were collected via a researcher-made questionnaire based on the HBM. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed before its distribution on social networks. A total of 226 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The results showed no significant correlations between the mean scores of HBM constructs and participants’ age, gender, and education level (p &gt; 0.05). Also, the linear regression test indicated that perceived self-efficacy (B = 0.88), perceived susceptibility (B = 0.63), and perceived intensity (B = 0.74) were the most predictive constructs, demonstrating statistical significance. (P &lt; 0/05). The HBM constructs could significantly predict preventive behaviors of COVID-19 and accounted for 29.6 % of their changes (Adjusted R2 = 0.296, F = 18.85, p ≤ 0.000). Conclusion: Implementing effective interventions based on the health belief model, with a particular focus on improving self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity can reduce the incidence of COVID-19 and its associated complications.
Background: There is a substantial disparity in coronary artery disease (CAD) burden between Iran... more Background: There is a substantial disparity in coronary artery disease (CAD) burden between Iran and other nations that place a strong emphasis on the assessment of CAD risk factors and individuals' awareness and ability to control them. Methods: Two-thousand participants of a community-based Iranian population aged 20-74 years, were investigated with a mean follow-up of 9.9 years (range: 7.6 to 12.2). An analysis of Cox regression was conducted to determine the association between CAD development and classic risk factors like age, gender, smoking, physical activity, education, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. We calculated attributed risk percent and absolute risk reductions for risk factors and protective factors. Results: After a follow-up period of nearly 10 years, a total of 225 CAD events were reported, constituting 14.5% of the overall incidences. Nighty three percent of participants had more than one risk factor. Age was the most predictive ri...
Background: Almost 90% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes and the upward trend of this ... more Background: Almost 90% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes and the upward trend of this chronic disease is still ongoing, so that after about four decades, this disease is still one of the top 10 causes of death, while half of these deaths occur in people under 60 years of age. Therefore, prevention is essential and the implementation of the most effective intervention approach is required after recognizing at-risk individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification interventions and metformin on the prevention of type 2 diabetes and improvement in four risk factors related to diabetes. Methods: The study was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, and Google Scholar without time and language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials which examined the effect of both lifestyle modification interventions and metformin in a population over the age of 18 years with no history of any type of diabetes were included. After the withdrawal of poor quality studies and those withfollow-up time of less than 6 months, structured review and meta-analysis will be performed to calculate the relative risk of type 2 diabetes incidence and mean difference in weight, body mass index, plasma fasting glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. Data analysis was performed using comprehensive meta-analysis software version 2.2.064. Conclusion: This study will make it possible to choose between two conventional therapeutic approaches (lifestyle modification and metformin) to prevent type 2 diabetes and its impact on four risk factors.
Background: concerning ascending trend in prevalence of chronic type diabetes, prevention and the... more Background: concerning ascending trend in prevalence of chronic type diabetes, prevention and the development of an effective approach after recognition of at risk individuals are crucial. The aim of this study is to investigate the in uence of lifestyle modi cation and metformin interventions in the prevention of type diabetes developments. Method: The search was conducted using PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Web of science data bases. The inclusion criteria include randomized controlled trials (RCT) which studied both lifestyle modi cation and metformin interventions in the population above 18 years old without history of any types of diabetes. After excluding studies with intervention time less than 6 months, systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate relative risk (RR) with con dence interval (CI) 95% of type diabetes development. Results: data from 5 studies were included in meta-analysis. The population also consists of individuals with mean age of 50 years old with BMI and FBS of 35.5 and 104.7 mg/dl respectively. Participants' range of prevention year was between 2-3 years with mean of 2.8 years. Lifestyle modi cation decreases the probability of the incidence of type diabetes by 25.3 % (RR: 0.747, 95% CI, 0.6-0.92) compared to the metformin intervention (p-value= 0.007). Our results indicate that long-term lifestyle modi cations can prevent diabetes type and decrease diabetes mellitus incidence down to onequarter in comparison to metformin. Conclusion: lifestyle modi cation can be more e cacious than metformin in diminishing incidence of type diabetes. Therefore, lifestyle modi cation can be a therapeutic strategy for controlling type diabetes incidence especially in high risk individuals. Key Messages This meta-analysis includes randomized clinical trials that directly evaluated two lifestyle modi cation and metformin treatment interventions. Our results indicate that long-term lifestyle modi cations can prevent diabetes type and decrease diabetes mellitus incidence down to one-quarter in comparison to metformin.
Introduction: With increase in the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutant... more Introduction: With increase in the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutants, it is essential to control them and have a program to eliminate or minimize these environmental contaminants. Cardboard recycling industry wastewater has the potential of environmental pollution; it is contaminated with various fungal species that may be effective in the decomposition and removal of pollutants. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify native fungal species that decontaminate the organic pollutants in the cardboard recycling industry wastewaters. Methods: In this descriptive study, samples were randomly selected from different areas within the wastewaters of cardboard recycling industry. Samples were cultured on Saboraud dextrose agar medium for isolation of probable fungal species. The isolated fungal colonies were enumerated and purified based on their morphological characteristics and microscopic analysis. Results: The average total number of fungi species in wastewater of cardboard recycling industry was 2.5×102 CFU/ml, of these 2.1×101 were saprophytic fungi. The most prevalent fungal species were identified from the wastewater including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum, Geotrichum, Mucor, Drechselera, Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Fusarium, and Absidia. The highest frequency of fungal species of Aspergillus nige, Aspergillus flavus, and Penicillum were 30.89, 22.76, and 14.63 percent, respectively. Conclusion: According to the literature and results of this study, it seems that the native fungi isolated from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater were from fungi with the potential for bioremediation of wastewater contaminants. Therefore, their ability to decompose wastewater of this industry can be investigated in future studies.
Introduction: Rapid changes in lifestyle, especially in nutritional aspects of the elderly, have ... more Introduction: Rapid changes in lifestyle, especially in nutritional aspects of the elderly, have led to many chronic diseases. Therefore, attention to nutritional needs of the elderly is an essential issue. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of healthy nutrition behaviors based on health belief model (HBM) in the elderlies of Kalat city,
Background: The current study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off of obesity indices for detec... more Background: The current study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off of obesity indices for detecting coronary heart disease (CHD) in 10-year study of Yazd Healthy Heart Cohort (YHHC) in Iran. Methods: A total of 2000 individuals aged 20-74 years were enrolled. All participants without cardiovascular disease (CVD) had a full medical check-up at the start of the study. At the start of the study, a variety of obesity indices were assessed and calculated, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI), and body roundness index (BRI). Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), myocardial infarction (MI), Rose Angina Questionnaire (RAQ) (chest pain) greater than 3, and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in favour of the coronary artery disease (CAD) were considered as the CVD risks. A time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with right-censored data and naive estimator was used to estimate the time-dependent sensitivity and specificity and the best cut-off of the anthropometric indices for CHD risk. Results: Overall, 1623 participants (818 men and 805 women) with mean and standard deviation (SD) of weight of 71.21 ± 12.94 kg were included. In a 10-year follow-up, 101 [59 (58.42%) men and 42 (41.58%) women] developed CVD event. WHpR demonstrated the largest area under the time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) of 0.65 and 0.63 as well as 95% confidence interval (CI) of 58.64-72.66 and 50.74-75.55 for men and women, respectively, in predicting CVD. Optimal WHpR cut-off was 0.93 and 0.92, respectively, for men and women. Conclusion: WHpR index was superior to other obesity indices in predicting CHD.
Cardboard recycling industrials are one of the major wastewater-producing industries. Bioremediat... more Cardboard recycling industrials are one of the major wastewater-producing industries. Bioremediation processes are economical and eco-friendly alternatives for industrial wastewater treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the bioremediation of cardboard recycling industrial wastewater by isolated native fungal strains. At first, samples of the cardboard recycling industry wastewater were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. After that, the grown colonies were identified using morphological characteristics and microscopic observation. In this study, fungi including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium digitatum, Fusarium, Alternaria, Paecillomyces, Drechslera, Geotrichum, Mucor, and Absidia in cardboard recycling industrial wastewater were identified. Considering the frequency of grown fungi, A. niger, A. flavus, and P. digitatum were selected for bioremediation of the cardboard recycling industry wastewater. Then a suspension containing 1 × 10 6 CFU mL-1 of fungal spore and the wastewater in dilutions of 25%, 50%, and 90% and pH levels of 5, 7, and 8 were prepared. Following that, 10 mL of fungal spore suspension was inoculated into the samples for decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and incubated for 10 d. The results of this study were analyzed by SPSS software and one-way ANOVA tests were performed and the significance level was considered p < 0.05. In this study, the maximum decolorization was obtained by A. flavus (50.58%) at pH of 7 and dilution 25% and the maximum removal efficiency of COD was obtained by P. digitatum (70.98%) at pH of 5 and dilution 25% for 10 d. This study confirms that native fungi have the potential to decolorize and remove COD from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater.
Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications, Oct 15, 2006
ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic syndrome is a complex of metabolic disorders that contemporary occ... more ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic syndrome is a complex of metabolic disorders that contemporary occurrence in a person is more than the risk of occurrence of each one separately. this syndrome has gained researcher&#39;s attention because of its relationship with cardiovascular disease and diabetes type II and its high prevalence in populations Methods: A cross-sectional study performed on 1110 participants, 20-74 years old with cluster sampling. All of them had interview and special questionnaire were filled. Epidemiologic and demographic data were about hypertention cardio vascular disease and related lab data. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 32.1% that it was significantly more in women than men .this prevalence increased with age and BMI in both sexes .the most common metabolic disorder was TG&gt;=150. 19.2% have none, 21.1% have one, 27.6% have two, 20.8% have three,9% have four and 2.3% have all criteria of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Approximately one third of population of Yazd have metabolic syndrome and according to other statistics of Iran, this prevalence is more than U.S and Europe. It seems there is an urgent need for a national multicenter program for determinding risk factors for metabolic syndrome.
Background: The study on natural substances especially, dietary components such as liquid oils af... more Background: The study on natural substances especially, dietary components such as liquid oils affecting cholesterol can be important for therapeutic propose. Sesame seeds with various biomedical actions can be control the hypercholesterolemia. On the other hand, olive oil has a wide range of therapeutic effect on lipid profile in human. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare lipid profile changes after olive and sesame oils consumption in hypercholesterolemia. Methods: This study was a clinical randomized trial that was performed via parallel design on 48 patients. The patients were randomly allocated in to two groups: A: olive oil and B: sesame oil. After 1 month prescription of Step I National Cholesterol Education Program diet, patients consumed 4 table spoons aprox. 60 g) of refined olive or sesame oil daily as an exchange of other oils, for 1 month. Lipid profiles The P < 0.05 was considered as significant difference. Results: Out of 48 patients, 24 (50%) were men. The mean age was 41.7 ± 8.3 years. The mean of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, before oil consumption was 224.5 ± 22, 256 ± 132, 132.6 ± 9, and 44.5 ± 11 mg/dl. After olive oil consumption cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, weight, waist and BMI were decreased and HDL-C was increased. After sesame oil consumption cholesterol, TG, LDL-C were significantly decreased. Weight, waist were decreased and HDL-C was increased (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Sesame oil had equivalent effect on lipid profile in comparison olive oil and lipid profile improvement was better in sesame oil in LDL-C and TG.
Uploads
Papers by mah nama