The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of various design parameters on the performan... more The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of various design parameters on the performance of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) subjected to realistic unsteady wind conditions. Thirteen turbine design configurations are examined to determine if an optimal VAWT has applications in an urban/suburban environment. The four design parameters of interest include the height-to-diameter aspect ratio (0.83≤H/D≤1.34), blade airfoil shape (NACA 0012, 0015, 0018), turbine solidity (12≤S≤25%), and turbine moment of inertia. The height and diameter of the turbine varied between 1.89 and 2.54 m, depending on the aspect ratio. The turbine moment of inertia was calculated using a computer-aided design drawing of the turbine, along with the realistic material properties of blades, shafts, and supports. The energy generated by each VAWT design configuration is simulated using a full year of actual wind speed data collected in 2009 at 9 different locations around Oklahoma City spanning an ar...
Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose... more Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
The largely government owned electricity sector in Haiti is facing a deep, permanent crisis chara... more The largely government owned electricity sector in Haiti is facing a deep, permanent crisis characterized by dramatic shortages and the lowest coverage of electricity in the Western Hemisphere with only about 12.5% of the population having regular access to electricity. In addition, Haiti's large share of thermal generation (70%) makes the country especially vulnerable to rising and unstable oil prices. The island however has abundant renewable energy sources. Haiti falls in the zone of the trade winds, with consistent wind directions and elevated wind speeds. In 2007, a first wind map was developed based on generic data . Based on this wind map a selection of promising sites was made by the Bureau des Mines (BME). Three final sites were selected to perform real on site measurements as a validation of the wind map. In total 8 measuring stations were installed. Two were installed in the northern part called Cap Haitien. Three 50 m towers were installed at Lac Azui near Port Au Pr...
Annual variation in solar radiation 6.3 Diurnal variation of solar radiation 7 APPLICATIONS FOR S... more Annual variation in solar radiation 6.3 Diurnal variation of solar radiation 7 APPLICATIONS FOR SOLAR ENERGY IN MALI 7.1 Large-scale solar energy in the integrated grid 7.2 PV in the local isolated grids 7.3 Estimate of the production cost of PV electricity 7.3.1 The 1 MW p PV system grid connected 7.3.2 The 100 kW p PV system with battery storage 7.4 Recent initiatives under development 7.4.1 Scatec Solar at Mopti 7.4.2 Hybrid PV-diesel system in Douentza 7.5 Conclusions 8 REFERENCES ANNEXE 1: THE CASE OF OUÉLESSÉBOUGOU ANNEXE 2: LIST OF RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECTS List of abbreviations a.g.l Above ground level AMADER Agence Malienne pour le Developpement de l'Energie Domestique et de l'Electrification Rurale bbl Barrel BOOT Build, Own, Operate and Transfer
Liste des acronymes CNESOLER Centre national de l'énergie solaire et des énergies renouvelables C... more Liste des acronymes CNESOLER Centre national de l'énergie solaire et des énergies renouvelables CRP Centre Risø du PNUE DANIDA Agence danoise de développement internationale DGG Département de géographie et de géologie DNE Direction nationale de l'énergie DSSF Flux de rayonnement descendant ondes courtes de surface (Down-welling Surface Shortwave Radiation Flux) EDM Electricité du Mali ENI-ABT Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs-Abderhamabe Baba Touré GLCC Classification globale de la couverture terrestre (Global Land Cover Classification) GMT Temps universel GRAS Geographic Resource Analysis & Science A/S IFNS Inverse du carré du nombre de Froude KAMM Modèle atmosphérique à méso-échelle de Karlsruhe LSA-SAF Analyse de la surface du sol-Installation d'applications de satellite MBC Domaine central MBN Domaine septentrional MBS Domaine méridional MCP Méthode de mesure/corrélation/prédiction MFC Mali Folkecenter Nyetaa MMEE Ministère des mines, de l'énergie et de l'eau MSG Satellite Météosat de deuxième génération NASA National (USA) Aeronautics and Space Administration (Agence nationale (américaine) de l'aéronautique et de l'espace) NCAR National (USA) Center for Atmospheric Research (Centre national (américain) de recherche atmosphérique) NCEP National (USA) Center for Environmental Prediction (Centre national (américain) de prévision environnementale) NGA National (USA) Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (Agence nationale (américaine) de renseignement géospatial) NRG systems Marque de capteurs NWA Atlas éolien numérique OWA Atlas éolien observationnel SEVIRI Radiomètre imageur avancé visible et infrarouge en rotation
This report presents a first screening of feasible applications for the use of solar and wind ene... more This report presents a first screening of feasible applications for the use of solar and wind energy in Mali. The report fulfils two important objectives. First, it increases the benefits of the mapping of solar and wind resources in Mali (Badger, Larsen et al. 2012) by presenting illustrative examples of project opportunities that project developers can take further towards implementation. Secondly, it serves as guidance to how the solar and wind maps can be used in the first phases of the planning and implementation of solar and wind technologies in Mali and elsewhere.
The new Belgian Research Station will be constructed in the Sor Rondane Mountains, Antarctica, by... more The new Belgian Research Station will be constructed in the Sor Rondane Mountains, Antarctica, by the end of 2007. The base, currently in its final design phase, is conceived as a prototype to achieve the minimum environmental impact and the highest efficiency in the use of energy resources and waste management, fundamental issues of the Antarctic Environmental Protocol. The integration of renewable energies is a must due to the isolated conditions of the site. The resulting station aims at being a reference of the state of the art in sustainable development in isolated areas. The main design drivers are described with special regard to wind power systems. The wind resource assessment is done using wind atlas methodology and CFD, making use of the historical records at Novolazarevskaya station to predict the long term wind conditions. The selection of the wind turbine model is still under discussion. A layout maximising the power output from the available terrain is given as a reference for a wind turbine model of 22kW. A feasibility study on this reference case shows that the use of wind power can result 5-10 times more competitive than its conventional use in Europe. Sustainable design of the Belgian Antarctic station Scope of the project The site for the new station is situated approximately 1 km North of Utsteinen Nunatak, on a small relatively flat granite ridge (71°57'S 023°20'E, 1390m a.s.l.), 173 km inland from the former Roi Baudouin base and 55 km from the former Japanese Asuka station. With the closing of Asuka station in 1992, the 20-30 degrees east sector of Antarctica became again a vast territory having witnessed up to now only brief periods of systematic investigation. The new station will thus reoccupy the 1072 km empty stretch between Syowa station (684 km) and the Russian station Novolazarevskaya (431 km).
Liste des acronymes AMADER Agence malienne pour le développement de l'énergie domestique et de l'... more Liste des acronymes AMADER Agence malienne pour le développement de l'énergie domestique et de l'électrification rurale BOOT Build, Own, Operate and Transfer CAPEX Capital Expenditure, Dépenses d'investissement de capital CNESOLER Centre national de l'énergie solaire et des énergies renouvelables CRP Centre Risø de PNUE DANIDA Agence danoise pour le développement international DDO Distillate Diesel Oil DNE Direction nationale de l'énergie DSSF Down-welling Surface Shortwave Radiation Flux DTU Technical University of Denmark EDM Energie du Mali EEEOA Système d'échanges d'énergie électrique ouest-africain ENI-ABT Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs Abderhamabe Baba Touré
The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of various design parameters on the performan... more The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of various design parameters on the performance of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) subjected to realistic unsteady wind conditions. Thirteen turbine design configurations are examined to determine if an optimal VAWT has applications in an urban/suburban environment. The four design parameters of interest include the height-to-diameter aspect ratio (0.83≤H/D≤1.34), blade airfoil shape (NACA 0012, 0015, 0018), turbine solidity (12≤S≤25%), and turbine moment of inertia. The height and diameter of the turbine varied between 1.89 and 2.54 m, depending on the aspect ratio. The turbine moment of inertia was calculated using a computer-aided design drawing of the turbine, along with the realistic material properties of blades, shafts, and supports. The energy generated by each VAWT design configuration is simulated using a full year of actual wind speed data collected in 2009 at 9 different locations around Oklahoma City spanning an ar...
Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose... more Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
The largely government owned electricity sector in Haiti is facing a deep, permanent crisis chara... more The largely government owned electricity sector in Haiti is facing a deep, permanent crisis characterized by dramatic shortages and the lowest coverage of electricity in the Western Hemisphere with only about 12.5% of the population having regular access to electricity. In addition, Haiti's large share of thermal generation (70%) makes the country especially vulnerable to rising and unstable oil prices. The island however has abundant renewable energy sources. Haiti falls in the zone of the trade winds, with consistent wind directions and elevated wind speeds. In 2007, a first wind map was developed based on generic data . Based on this wind map a selection of promising sites was made by the Bureau des Mines (BME). Three final sites were selected to perform real on site measurements as a validation of the wind map. In total 8 measuring stations were installed. Two were installed in the northern part called Cap Haitien. Three 50 m towers were installed at Lac Azui near Port Au Pr...
Annual variation in solar radiation 6.3 Diurnal variation of solar radiation 7 APPLICATIONS FOR S... more Annual variation in solar radiation 6.3 Diurnal variation of solar radiation 7 APPLICATIONS FOR SOLAR ENERGY IN MALI 7.1 Large-scale solar energy in the integrated grid 7.2 PV in the local isolated grids 7.3 Estimate of the production cost of PV electricity 7.3.1 The 1 MW p PV system grid connected 7.3.2 The 100 kW p PV system with battery storage 7.4 Recent initiatives under development 7.4.1 Scatec Solar at Mopti 7.4.2 Hybrid PV-diesel system in Douentza 7.5 Conclusions 8 REFERENCES ANNEXE 1: THE CASE OF OUÉLESSÉBOUGOU ANNEXE 2: LIST OF RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECTS List of abbreviations a.g.l Above ground level AMADER Agence Malienne pour le Developpement de l'Energie Domestique et de l'Electrification Rurale bbl Barrel BOOT Build, Own, Operate and Transfer
Liste des acronymes CNESOLER Centre national de l'énergie solaire et des énergies renouvelables C... more Liste des acronymes CNESOLER Centre national de l'énergie solaire et des énergies renouvelables CRP Centre Risø du PNUE DANIDA Agence danoise de développement internationale DGG Département de géographie et de géologie DNE Direction nationale de l'énergie DSSF Flux de rayonnement descendant ondes courtes de surface (Down-welling Surface Shortwave Radiation Flux) EDM Electricité du Mali ENI-ABT Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs-Abderhamabe Baba Touré GLCC Classification globale de la couverture terrestre (Global Land Cover Classification) GMT Temps universel GRAS Geographic Resource Analysis & Science A/S IFNS Inverse du carré du nombre de Froude KAMM Modèle atmosphérique à méso-échelle de Karlsruhe LSA-SAF Analyse de la surface du sol-Installation d'applications de satellite MBC Domaine central MBN Domaine septentrional MBS Domaine méridional MCP Méthode de mesure/corrélation/prédiction MFC Mali Folkecenter Nyetaa MMEE Ministère des mines, de l'énergie et de l'eau MSG Satellite Météosat de deuxième génération NASA National (USA) Aeronautics and Space Administration (Agence nationale (américaine) de l'aéronautique et de l'espace) NCAR National (USA) Center for Atmospheric Research (Centre national (américain) de recherche atmosphérique) NCEP National (USA) Center for Environmental Prediction (Centre national (américain) de prévision environnementale) NGA National (USA) Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (Agence nationale (américaine) de renseignement géospatial) NRG systems Marque de capteurs NWA Atlas éolien numérique OWA Atlas éolien observationnel SEVIRI Radiomètre imageur avancé visible et infrarouge en rotation
This report presents a first screening of feasible applications for the use of solar and wind ene... more This report presents a first screening of feasible applications for the use of solar and wind energy in Mali. The report fulfils two important objectives. First, it increases the benefits of the mapping of solar and wind resources in Mali (Badger, Larsen et al. 2012) by presenting illustrative examples of project opportunities that project developers can take further towards implementation. Secondly, it serves as guidance to how the solar and wind maps can be used in the first phases of the planning and implementation of solar and wind technologies in Mali and elsewhere.
The new Belgian Research Station will be constructed in the Sor Rondane Mountains, Antarctica, by... more The new Belgian Research Station will be constructed in the Sor Rondane Mountains, Antarctica, by the end of 2007. The base, currently in its final design phase, is conceived as a prototype to achieve the minimum environmental impact and the highest efficiency in the use of energy resources and waste management, fundamental issues of the Antarctic Environmental Protocol. The integration of renewable energies is a must due to the isolated conditions of the site. The resulting station aims at being a reference of the state of the art in sustainable development in isolated areas. The main design drivers are described with special regard to wind power systems. The wind resource assessment is done using wind atlas methodology and CFD, making use of the historical records at Novolazarevskaya station to predict the long term wind conditions. The selection of the wind turbine model is still under discussion. A layout maximising the power output from the available terrain is given as a reference for a wind turbine model of 22kW. A feasibility study on this reference case shows that the use of wind power can result 5-10 times more competitive than its conventional use in Europe. Sustainable design of the Belgian Antarctic station Scope of the project The site for the new station is situated approximately 1 km North of Utsteinen Nunatak, on a small relatively flat granite ridge (71°57'S 023°20'E, 1390m a.s.l.), 173 km inland from the former Roi Baudouin base and 55 km from the former Japanese Asuka station. With the closing of Asuka station in 1992, the 20-30 degrees east sector of Antarctica became again a vast territory having witnessed up to now only brief periods of systematic investigation. The new station will thus reoccupy the 1072 km empty stretch between Syowa station (684 km) and the Russian station Novolazarevskaya (431 km).
Liste des acronymes AMADER Agence malienne pour le développement de l'énergie domestique et de l'... more Liste des acronymes AMADER Agence malienne pour le développement de l'énergie domestique et de l'électrification rurale BOOT Build, Own, Operate and Transfer CAPEX Capital Expenditure, Dépenses d'investissement de capital CNESOLER Centre national de l'énergie solaire et des énergies renouvelables CRP Centre Risø de PNUE DANIDA Agence danoise pour le développement international DDO Distillate Diesel Oil DNE Direction nationale de l'énergie DSSF Down-welling Surface Shortwave Radiation Flux DTU Technical University of Denmark EDM Energie du Mali EEEOA Système d'échanges d'énergie électrique ouest-africain ENI-ABT Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs Abderhamabe Baba Touré
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