The purpose of this research work was the analysis of experiences of realization of social insura... more The purpose of this research work was the analysis of experiences of realization of social insurance and health insurance card projects in foreign countries and develop possible variants of implementation of smart card technology in health insurance sector of Mongolia.
SUMMARY This research work and survey was conducted by Mongolian Cyber Incident Response Team (Mo... more SUMMARY This research work and survey was conducted by Mongolian Cyber Incident Response Team (MonCIRT) and examines the issue of gender problem in cybercrime provisions of Criminal Code through a new perspective and its implication on women in Mongolia, with support of ICTPA of Mongolia and CRC of Mongolia. The focus of this survey was catalysed by issues and questions raised by cyber violence against women in Internet environment and their potential impact on women's communication rights. Firstly we defined the background to the study, the problem, objectives, scope, importance of the study, developed research questions, literature review, conceptual framework, review of past studies. We also developed our research design and methodology and timeline, defined target population. During research we defined cyber violence and cybercrime against women, tools of perpetration, characteristics of perpetrators and the victims, typology of stalkers, stalkers motivation, prevalence of perpetration and distribution of cyber stalkers. We answered on question DOES CYBER CRIME AFFECT WOMEN DIFFERENTLY? Defined How does Cyber Crime Affect Women? Is these issues regulated in legislations, particularly in Criminal Law? In the end of research we answered on question WHAT ARE THE CURRENT MEASURES AND GAPS (TECHNOLOGICAL, LEGAL, SOCIAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL) TO ADDRESS CYBERCRIME AGAINST WOMEN Finally we made critical review of major issues, data analysis and recommendations. MonCIRT researchers probed on new analytical frameworks of violence against women taking into account cyber violence and the challenges and dilemmas women activists confront as they struggle to address this relatively new dimension of gender injustice. Our researchers conducted questionnaire among active women users of Internet and spoke with few women activists who are at the forefront of advocacy on violence against women at the national and international levels. The different forms of online violence against women should be covered by criminal legislation to provide adequate protection and redress. However, laws are not enough. There is also a need for education, prevention, the development of defense mechanisms and a legal system that is capable of addressing these issues without subjecting the victims to further victimization. During our survey we investigated the issue with many questions: What is meant by " cybercrime " ? How can this affect women as users and developers of the internet, e-mail, cell phones and other information and communication technologies (ICT)? Can cybercrime restrict the exercise of individual rights to privacy, freedom of expression and civil liberties? Can the rhetoric of fighting cybercrimes in effect be used to restrict the exercise of women's communication rights? How can the issue of cybercrimes be analyzed from a feminist perspective? Is this issue currently part of the women's movement's agenda? How the criminalization of online sexual expression and practices affect the sexual rights of women? Often when we talk about cybercrimes, the first thing that comes to mind-and that is stamped on many laws-are crimes such as fraud, theft of credit card numbers and hacking. Cybercrimes are generally classified into three categories: crimes against persons (such as cyber harassment); crimes against property (such as credit card theft); and crimes against governments (by electronic means used to serve the "terrorism"). Women respondents have reported cases of e-mail harassment, "flaming" (online verbal abuse), cyber-stalking, online prostitution and pornogrpahy. Women and particularly girls are targeted for cybercrime because of their vulnerability. There is a new level of cultural violence against women that is becoming more prominent because of cybercrime.
The purpose of this research work was the analysis of experiences of realization of social insura... more The purpose of this research work was the analysis of experiences of realization of social insurance and health insurance card projects in foreign countries and develop possible variants of implementation of smart card technology in health insurance sector of Mongolia.
SUMMARY This research work and survey was conducted by Mongolian Cyber Incident Response Team (Mo... more SUMMARY This research work and survey was conducted by Mongolian Cyber Incident Response Team (MonCIRT) and examines the issue of gender problem in cybercrime provisions of Criminal Code through a new perspective and its implication on women in Mongolia, with support of ICTPA of Mongolia and CRC of Mongolia. The focus of this survey was catalysed by issues and questions raised by cyber violence against women in Internet environment and their potential impact on women's communication rights. Firstly we defined the background to the study, the problem, objectives, scope, importance of the study, developed research questions, literature review, conceptual framework, review of past studies. We also developed our research design and methodology and timeline, defined target population. During research we defined cyber violence and cybercrime against women, tools of perpetration, characteristics of perpetrators and the victims, typology of stalkers, stalkers motivation, prevalence of perpetration and distribution of cyber stalkers. We answered on question DOES CYBER CRIME AFFECT WOMEN DIFFERENTLY? Defined How does Cyber Crime Affect Women? Is these issues regulated in legislations, particularly in Criminal Law? In the end of research we answered on question WHAT ARE THE CURRENT MEASURES AND GAPS (TECHNOLOGICAL, LEGAL, SOCIAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL) TO ADDRESS CYBERCRIME AGAINST WOMEN Finally we made critical review of major issues, data analysis and recommendations. MonCIRT researchers probed on new analytical frameworks of violence against women taking into account cyber violence and the challenges and dilemmas women activists confront as they struggle to address this relatively new dimension of gender injustice. Our researchers conducted questionnaire among active women users of Internet and spoke with few women activists who are at the forefront of advocacy on violence against women at the national and international levels. The different forms of online violence against women should be covered by criminal legislation to provide adequate protection and redress. However, laws are not enough. There is also a need for education, prevention, the development of defense mechanisms and a legal system that is capable of addressing these issues without subjecting the victims to further victimization. During our survey we investigated the issue with many questions: What is meant by " cybercrime " ? How can this affect women as users and developers of the internet, e-mail, cell phones and other information and communication technologies (ICT)? Can cybercrime restrict the exercise of individual rights to privacy, freedom of expression and civil liberties? Can the rhetoric of fighting cybercrimes in effect be used to restrict the exercise of women's communication rights? How can the issue of cybercrimes be analyzed from a feminist perspective? Is this issue currently part of the women's movement's agenda? How the criminalization of online sexual expression and practices affect the sexual rights of women? Often when we talk about cybercrimes, the first thing that comes to mind-and that is stamped on many laws-are crimes such as fraud, theft of credit card numbers and hacking. Cybercrimes are generally classified into three categories: crimes against persons (such as cyber harassment); crimes against property (such as credit card theft); and crimes against governments (by electronic means used to serve the "terrorism"). Women respondents have reported cases of e-mail harassment, "flaming" (online verbal abuse), cyber-stalking, online prostitution and pornogrpahy. Women and particularly girls are targeted for cybercrime because of their vulnerability. There is a new level of cultural violence against women that is becoming more prominent because of cybercrime.
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