Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Ot... more Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Other reference points on the patient are linked to radiographic images by means of a three-dimensional (3D) digitizer. We report the use of a frameless stereotactic system to assist in 53 procedures in 52 children using the ISG Viewing Wand system (ISG Technologies, Missasauga, Ont.). This device uses surface landmarks as well as random surface points as the reference system. The three-dimensional digitizer consists of a six-jointed articulated arm to which pointers, a rigid ventriculoscope, or stereotactic biopsy probe guide can be attached. Image reconstruction is performed on standard CT or MRI (3D volume acquisition) images, with typically 3-mm slice thickness. The tip of the probe can be displayed on 3D surfaced objects which can be cut away to reveal reformatted gray scale displayed on the cut surface, or in a triorthogonal view where simultaneous reformatted coronal and sagital views at the level of the tip of the probe are displayed. Cases for which the viewing wand was used included craniotomies for tumor (30), vascular malformation (6), epilepsy surgery (5), other lesions (3), rigid ventriculoscopy (9), and stereotactic biopsy (2). The accuracy of the system was measured by placing 20 fiducial markers on a plastic head of which 3-mm thickness CT images had been made. The average error using 4 fiducials as reference points was 1.5 mm when the fiducials were distributed around the circumference of the head. Using random surface points of 10, 20 and 40 in number gave average errors of 2.3, 1.6, 1.5 mm, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Ot... more Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Other reference points on the patient are linked to radiographic images by means of a three-dimensional (3D) digitizer. We report the use of a frameless stereotactic system to assist in 53 procedures in 52 children using the ISG Viewing Wand system (ISG Technologies, Missasauga, Ont.). This device uses surface landmarks as well as random surface points as the reference system. The three-dimensional digitizer consists of a six-jointed articulated arm to which pointers, a rigid ventriculoscope, or stereotactic biopsy probe guide can be attached. Image reconstruction is performed on standard CT or MRI (3D volume acquisition) images, with typically 3-mm slice thickness. The tip of the probe can be displayed on 3D surfaced objects which can be cut away to reveal reformatted gray scale displayed on the cut surface, or in a triorthogonal view where simultaneous reformatted coronal and sagital views at the level of the tip of the probe are displayed. Cases for which the viewing wand was used included craniotomies for tumor (30), vascular malformation (6), epilepsy surgery (5), other lesions (3), rigid ventriculoscopy (9), and stereotactic biopsy (2). The accuracy of the system was measured by placing 20 fiducial markers on a plastic head of which 3-mm thickness CT images had been made. The average error using 4 fiducials as reference points was 1.5 mm when the fiducials were distributed around the circumference of the head. Using random surface points of 10, 20 and 40 in number gave average errors of 2.3, 1.6, 1.5 mm, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The efficacy of using human interleukin 8 (huIL-8) as an agent for inducing cervical relaxation i... more The efficacy of using human interleukin 8 (huIL-8) as an agent for inducing cervical relaxation in estrous and diestrous sheep was assessed in a, small pilot study. Multiparous, e&us-synchronized ewes were treated for either 2 or 5 consecutive days with vaginal suppositories with or without 5 pg cytokine. Cervical penetration with an insemination instrument was then assessed in vivo. After euthanasia, physical, histological and enzymological properties of the cervix were examined. Treatment of diestrous sheep with huIL-8 did not result in recruitment of neutrophils into the cervix. Treatment of estrous sheep with huIL-8 usually led to neutrophil recruitment to the cervix and to either full or partial penetration of the cervix. However, some animals receiving placebo treatment had neutrophil infiltration of both the vagina and cervix and, in one of these, partial penetration of the cervix was also achieved. Thus, treatment with IL-8 as the sole agent in the vaginal suppository was not sufficient to relax the cervix of the nonpregnant ewe in this study. Q 1000 by Elsevier Science Inc.
Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hyperca... more Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hypercalcemia, analogues such as EB1089 are potent inhibitors of cell growth and exhibit reduced calcemic effects. We analyzed the antiproliferative and calcemic effects of EB1089 in tissue culture and animal models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to investigate its potential as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent. Methods: The effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 on cell growth and expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 , which encode cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and a novel target, gadd45␣, a growth-arrest and DNA-damage gene, were monitored in cultured murine AT-84 SCC cells. The effects of these agents on AT-84 cell growth in vitro and on growth of AT-84 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were monitored; treatment started at the time of tumor implantation (early tumor model) or after 12 days (late tumor model). Weight and serum calcium levels were also monitored in these animals. All P values were two-sided. Results: Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 arrested proliferation of AT-84 cells in G 0 /G 1 phase, inhibited p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression, and induced expression of p27 KIP1 protein. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also enhanced the expression of gadd45␣, apparently by a p53-independent mechanism. There was a statistically significant decrease in tumor growth for 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated mice (P<.001 for early tumor model) and EB1089-treated mice (P<.001 and P = .001 for early and late tumor models, respectively). Unlike 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , EB1089 did not induce cachexia or hypercalcemia.
Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hyperca... more Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hypercalcemia, analogues such as EB1089 are potent inhibitors of cell growth and exhibit reduced calcemic effects. We analyzed the antiproliferative and calcemic effects of EB1089 in tissue culture and animal models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to investigate its potential as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent. Methods: The effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 on cell growth and expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 , which encode cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and a novel target, gadd45␣, a growth-arrest and DNA-damage gene, were monitored in cultured murine AT-84 SCC cells. The effects of these agents on AT-84 cell growth in vitro and on growth of AT-84 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were monitored; treatment started at the time of tumor implantation (early tumor model) or after 12 days (late tumor model). Weight and serum calcium levels were also monitored in these animals. All P values were two-sided. Results: Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 arrested proliferation of AT-84 cells in G 0 /G 1 phase, inhibited p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression, and induced expression of p27 KIP1 protein. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also enhanced the expression of gadd45␣, apparently by a p53-independent mechanism. There was a statistically significant decrease in tumor growth for 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated mice (P<.001 for early tumor model) and EB1089-treated mice (P<.001 and P = .001 for early and late tumor models, respectively). Unlike 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , EB1089 did not induce cachexia or hypercalcemia.
Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hyperca... more Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hypercalcemia, analogues such as EB1089 are potent inhibitors of cell growth and exhibit reduced calcemic effects. We analyzed the antiproliferative and calcemic effects of EB1089 in tissue culture and animal models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to investigate its potential as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent. Methods: The effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 on cell growth and expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 , which encode cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and a novel target, gadd45␣, a growth-arrest and DNA-damage gene, were monitored in cultured murine AT-84 SCC cells. The effects of these agents on AT-84 cell growth in vitro and on growth of AT-84 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were monitored; treatment started at the time of tumor implantation (early tumor model) or after 12 days (late tumor model). Weight and serum calcium levels were also monitored in these animals. All P values were two-sided. Results: Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 arrested proliferation of AT-84 cells in G 0 /G 1 phase, inhibited p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression, and induced expression of p27 KIP1 protein. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also enhanced the expression of gadd45␣, apparently by a p53-independent mechanism. There was a statistically significant decrease in tumor growth for 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated mice (P<.001 for early tumor model) and EB1089-treated mice (P<.001 and P = .001 for early and late tumor models, respectively). Unlike 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , EB1089 did not induce cachexia or hypercalcemia.
El término "obsesión" lo emplea la psicopatología para indicar una alteración mental, caracteriza... more El término "obsesión" lo emplea la psicopatología para indicar una alteración mental, caracterizada por pensamientos insistentes que dominan y atormentan a una persona, que no puede desechar o librarse de ellos, aun cuando sabe que no tienen fundamento.
Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Ot... more Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Other reference points on the patient are linked to radiographic images by means of a three-dimensional (3D) digitizer. We report the use of a frameless stereotactic system to assist in 53 procedures in 52 children using the ISG Viewing Wand system (ISG Technologies, Missasauga, Ont.). This device uses surface landmarks as well as random surface points as the reference system. The three-dimensional digitizer consists of a six-jointed articulated arm to which pointers, a rigid ventriculoscope, or stereotactic biopsy probe guide can be attached. Image reconstruction is performed on standard CT or MRI (3D volume acquisition) images, with typically 3-mm slice thickness. The tip of the probe can be displayed on 3D surfaced objects which can be cut away to reveal reformatted gray scale displayed on the cut surface, or in a triorthogonal view where simultaneous reformatted coronal and sagital views at the level of the tip of the probe are displayed. Cases for which the viewing wand was used included craniotomies for tumor (30), vascular malformation (6), epilepsy surgery (5), other lesions (3), rigid ventriculoscopy (9), and stereotactic biopsy (2). The accuracy of the system was measured by placing 20 fiducial markers on a plastic head of which 3-mm thickness CT images had been made. The average error using 4 fiducials as reference points was 1.5 mm when the fiducials were distributed around the circumference of the head. Using random surface points of 10, 20 and 40 in number gave average errors of 2.3, 1.6, 1.5 mm, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Ot... more Frameless stereotaxy provides stereotactic localization without a standard stereotactic frame. Other reference points on the patient are linked to radiographic images by means of a three-dimensional (3D) digitizer. We report the use of a frameless stereotactic system to assist in 53 procedures in 52 children using the ISG Viewing Wand system (ISG Technologies, Missasauga, Ont.). This device uses surface landmarks as well as random surface points as the reference system. The three-dimensional digitizer consists of a six-jointed articulated arm to which pointers, a rigid ventriculoscope, or stereotactic biopsy probe guide can be attached. Image reconstruction is performed on standard CT or MRI (3D volume acquisition) images, with typically 3-mm slice thickness. The tip of the probe can be displayed on 3D surfaced objects which can be cut away to reveal reformatted gray scale displayed on the cut surface, or in a triorthogonal view where simultaneous reformatted coronal and sagital views at the level of the tip of the probe are displayed. Cases for which the viewing wand was used included craniotomies for tumor (30), vascular malformation (6), epilepsy surgery (5), other lesions (3), rigid ventriculoscopy (9), and stereotactic biopsy (2). The accuracy of the system was measured by placing 20 fiducial markers on a plastic head of which 3-mm thickness CT images had been made. The average error using 4 fiducials as reference points was 1.5 mm when the fiducials were distributed around the circumference of the head. Using random surface points of 10, 20 and 40 in number gave average errors of 2.3, 1.6, 1.5 mm, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The efficacy of using human interleukin 8 (huIL-8) as an agent for inducing cervical relaxation i... more The efficacy of using human interleukin 8 (huIL-8) as an agent for inducing cervical relaxation in estrous and diestrous sheep was assessed in a, small pilot study. Multiparous, e&us-synchronized ewes were treated for either 2 or 5 consecutive days with vaginal suppositories with or without 5 pg cytokine. Cervical penetration with an insemination instrument was then assessed in vivo. After euthanasia, physical, histological and enzymological properties of the cervix were examined. Treatment of diestrous sheep with huIL-8 did not result in recruitment of neutrophils into the cervix. Treatment of estrous sheep with huIL-8 usually led to neutrophil recruitment to the cervix and to either full or partial penetration of the cervix. However, some animals receiving placebo treatment had neutrophil infiltration of both the vagina and cervix and, in one of these, partial penetration of the cervix was also achieved. Thus, treatment with IL-8 as the sole agent in the vaginal suppository was not sufficient to relax the cervix of the nonpregnant ewe in this study. Q 1000 by Elsevier Science Inc.
Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hyperca... more Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hypercalcemia, analogues such as EB1089 are potent inhibitors of cell growth and exhibit reduced calcemic effects. We analyzed the antiproliferative and calcemic effects of EB1089 in tissue culture and animal models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to investigate its potential as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent. Methods: The effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 on cell growth and expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 , which encode cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and a novel target, gadd45␣, a growth-arrest and DNA-damage gene, were monitored in cultured murine AT-84 SCC cells. The effects of these agents on AT-84 cell growth in vitro and on growth of AT-84 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were monitored; treatment started at the time of tumor implantation (early tumor model) or after 12 days (late tumor model). Weight and serum calcium levels were also monitored in these animals. All P values were two-sided. Results: Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 arrested proliferation of AT-84 cells in G 0 /G 1 phase, inhibited p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression, and induced expression of p27 KIP1 protein. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also enhanced the expression of gadd45␣, apparently by a p53-independent mechanism. There was a statistically significant decrease in tumor growth for 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated mice (P<.001 for early tumor model) and EB1089-treated mice (P<.001 and P = .001 for early and late tumor models, respectively). Unlike 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , EB1089 did not induce cachexia or hypercalcemia.
Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hyperca... more Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hypercalcemia, analogues such as EB1089 are potent inhibitors of cell growth and exhibit reduced calcemic effects. We analyzed the antiproliferative and calcemic effects of EB1089 in tissue culture and animal models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to investigate its potential as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent. Methods: The effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 on cell growth and expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 , which encode cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and a novel target, gadd45␣, a growth-arrest and DNA-damage gene, were monitored in cultured murine AT-84 SCC cells. The effects of these agents on AT-84 cell growth in vitro and on growth of AT-84 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were monitored; treatment started at the time of tumor implantation (early tumor model) or after 12 days (late tumor model). Weight and serum calcium levels were also monitored in these animals. All P values were two-sided. Results: Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 arrested proliferation of AT-84 cells in G 0 /G 1 phase, inhibited p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression, and induced expression of p27 KIP1 protein. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also enhanced the expression of gadd45␣, apparently by a p53-independent mechanism. There was a statistically significant decrease in tumor growth for 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated mice (P<.001 for early tumor model) and EB1089-treated mice (P<.001 and P = .001 for early and late tumor models, respectively). Unlike 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , EB1089 did not induce cachexia or hypercalcemia.
Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hyperca... more Although the therapeutic potential of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is limited by its tendency to induce hypercalcemia, analogues such as EB1089 are potent inhibitors of cell growth and exhibit reduced calcemic effects. We analyzed the antiproliferative and calcemic effects of EB1089 in tissue culture and animal models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to investigate its potential as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent. Methods: The effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 on cell growth and expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 , which encode cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and a novel target, gadd45␣, a growth-arrest and DNA-damage gene, were monitored in cultured murine AT-84 SCC cells. The effects of these agents on AT-84 cell growth in vitro and on growth of AT-84 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were monitored; treatment started at the time of tumor implantation (early tumor model) or after 12 days (late tumor model). Weight and serum calcium levels were also monitored in these animals. All P values were two-sided. Results: Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and EB1089 arrested proliferation of AT-84 cells in G 0 /G 1 phase, inhibited p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression, and induced expression of p27 KIP1 protein. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also enhanced the expression of gadd45␣, apparently by a p53-independent mechanism. There was a statistically significant decrease in tumor growth for 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated mice (P<.001 for early tumor model) and EB1089-treated mice (P<.001 and P = .001 for early and late tumor models, respectively). Unlike 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , EB1089 did not induce cachexia or hypercalcemia.
El término "obsesión" lo emplea la psicopatología para indicar una alteración mental, caracteriza... more El término "obsesión" lo emplea la psicopatología para indicar una alteración mental, caracterizada por pensamientos insistentes que dominan y atormentan a una persona, que no puede desechar o librarse de ellos, aun cuando sabe que no tienen fundamento.
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