Elderly in Malaysia are defined as people aged 60 years and above as agreed on subsequent to the ... more Elderly in Malaysia are defined as people aged 60 years and above as agreed on subsequent to the United Nations World Assembly on Ageing in 1982 in Vienna. As of 2014, there is an estimated of 2.7 million elderly in Malaysia or 8.9% out of the total population of 30.3 million. Recent projections estimated that Malaysia will become an ageing nation by 2035 when 15% of the population falls into this group. As the number of the elderly population continues to grow, loneliness is becoming one of the major issues leading to impaired quality of life among elderly. Loneliness might lead to mental problems and stress among the elderly. This study attempts to examine the characteristics and influencing factors of loneliness among elderly in Malaysia. Data for this study is a sub-sample of a bigger national study gathered through the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) conducted in 2014 by the National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia. Descriptive analysis and Logistic Regression were employed to identify the determinants that associated with loneliness. In addition, the prevalence and incidence rates of loneliness and odds ratio were also calculated. The feeling of loneliness was the main dependent variable for this study. Whilst socio-demographic factors such as gender, ethnicity, age, education, marital status, employment status and locality were selected as the independent variables. Other independent variables considered in the analysis were income security, living arrangements, health and physical condition, family interaction and support, leisure activities, community engagement, religious participation, life satisfaction and internet usage. Majority of the elderly reported they “never feeling lonely” (65%). One out of 10 reported feeling lonely sometimes and 25% described themselves as always lonely. The socio-demographic variables, health and physical conditions, religious participation, community engagement, leisure activities and family interaction and support for the elderly affect their feeling of loneliness.
Advances in social science, education and humanities research, 2021
Climate change in Sumatra island is likely a result of widespread land-use changes by the plantat... more Climate change in Sumatra island is likely a result of widespread land-use changes by the plantation industry. This study aims to investigate trends in land surface temperatures in Sumatra island. Land surface temperatures from 2001-2020 were downloaded from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer Terra satellite and divided into 5 regions and 45 sub-regions spread equally across the island. The statistical method that used to analyzed the data was cubic spline and multiple regression. The seasonal pattern and variation in the land surface temperature were examined using a cubic spline method and the seasonally adjusted land surface temperature was analyzed using a multiple regression model. On average, the land surface temperature on Sumatra island significantly increased over the ten years by 0.076 °C with a 95% confidence interval of [0.010, 0.141] °C.
Entrepreneurship is often considered as an alternative to youth and graduate unemployment, which ... more Entrepreneurship is often considered as an alternative to youth and graduate unemployment, which at the same time provides more job opportunities and stimulates economic growth. Based on previous studies, the question that emerged was whether graduates will consider entrepreneurship as their career option. This chapter aims to explore whether entrepreneurship is aspired by young people, especially graduates, in their future careers. Aspirations and perceptions of entrepreneurial skills, support, and assistance are also discussed throughout this chapter. Several practical implications and policy options in promoting entrepreneurship to graduates are proposed.
The chapter discussed the reasons for the labour market vulnerability of youth and the challenges... more The chapter discussed the reasons for the labour market vulnerability of youth and the challenges they face amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. While youth have been experiencing unsatisfactory progress in the labour market, the pandemic crisis has worsened it. Challenges in the labour market outcome include higher youth unemployment, financial instability (due to low wages and decrease in monthly income), labour market skill mismatch, low quality of jobs, and difficulties in school-to-work transitions, which threaten to widen the pre-existing challenges. This chapter also discussed remedial actions on policy options and interventions to the labour market to alleviate those challenges. The vulnerability of youths must be identified, heard, and targeted with proper measures to address the challenges that the young workers face in the current labour market.
Malaysia, a report in The Star IN-TECH April, 18 2000, indicated that in 1995 there were only 7,0... more Malaysia, a report in The Star IN-TECH April, 18 2000, indicated that in 1995 there were only 7,000 Internet users and in 1999, the size increased by hundred percent (700,000). In addition, The E-Commerce spending in 1997 was RM 12.54 million and this figure is expected to increase to RM 2.46 billion by the year 2002. The increase in Internet usage and E-Commerce spending in Malaysia is spearheaded by the Malaysian Government, via the creation of the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC). The MSC provides low telecommunication tariffs, no censorship on the Internet, plus a well developed IT infrastructure of fibre optic cabling. This complements the rise and growth of the Internet and E-Commerce activities (www.mdc.com.my). Although E-Commerce is in its early stage of usage in Malaysia, it is expected to change the way organisations carry out their daily transactions. By using E-Commerce, organisations will have an added value, whereby it can improve, transform, and redefine their organisations . E-Commerce comprise of a wide range of activities. It is not only exchange of products, services and information electronically (Kalakota and Whinston, 1997) but it also includes new advancement to advertising, market research, customer support service, order and delivery and financial transactions (payment) . This study focuses on E-Commerce applications pertaining to these areas. It explores the extent of usage of these E-Commerce applications in Malaysia, namely amongst the Manufacturing, Services and Agriculture/Construction sector. The paper begins by describing the various ways in which organisations can conduct E-Commerce. It continues with a description of the research methodology, a discussion of the findings, in particular the applications that are most and least widely used. It then proceeds with an analysis of the level of E-Commerce applications by the various organisations. Finally, the paper reveals factors which hinder E-Commerce adoption among the selected organisations. According to The World Trade Organisation (WTO) E-Commerce can be illustrated by reviewing the usage of Internet. The Internet can be used for a mulitude of exchanges and transactions, including e-mails, leisure reading and searching for information (browsing or surfing), advertising and promoting personal or business causes, linking people, selling, purchasing or providing services. It can be concluded that the Internet provides a powerful platform for organisations to conduct E-Commerce. Advertising includes providing information about the company and its product and services. This can be carried out by displaying the information on the organisation web sites, using a third party website or by means of electronic
Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature... more Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature can be used to measure climate change. This research aimed to investigate the variation of land surface temperature in Borneo island using a cubic spline method and a multivariate regression model. The island was divided into 8 regions each comprising 9 subregions. Land surface temperatures for each subregion from 2000 to 2019 was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer database. The average increase in temperature was 0.2 o C per decade with a 95% con dence interval of (0.14, 0.27). The changes differed by region; a signi cant increase was seen in Sarawak, North Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, West-central Kalimantan, Central-east Kalimantan region, a slight decrease in Sabah and Brunei Darussalam (Sabah & Brunei) region, a slight increase in East Kalimantan and a stable trend in South Kalimantan.
To maximize the quality of life (QoL) among persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Malaysia, it is i... more To maximize the quality of life (QoL) among persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Malaysia, it is important to identify factors that are strongly associated with the QoL of PWDs. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of QoL among PWDs in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study approach was applied covering 340 participants with hearing impairments, visual impairments, and physical disabilities. A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the determinants of QoL. The seven QoL domains namely physical health, psychological, social relationships, environment, discrimination, autonomy, and inclusion were considered as dependent variables while demographic profile, socio-economic status, and disability history were considered independent variables. The contribution of independent variables to most of the QoL domains was modest. This study found that type of disabilities is a significant determinant for physical health, psychological, environment, discrimination, and...
Pertanika journal of social science and humanities, Dec 15, 2022
Recent trends in graduate employment have raised concerns among higher education providers and ot... more Recent trends in graduate employment have raised concerns among higher education providers and other stakeholders. Issues concerning the soft skills gap have been constantly raised so that industries and universities can adopt various initiatives to address this situation. In addition, employment has shifted from production to service, increasing the importance of soft skills. This study aims to map graduates' soft skills and employment status after graduation. The Ministry of Higher Education repository was used to select 100,413 first-degree graduates who had completed their studies. Logistic regression analysis created the graduate employability predictive model, which yielded a 77% accuracy. The findings show that 85.5% of graduates were employed during data collection. The predictive model suggests that graduate employability status is affected by factors such as gender, family income, the field of study, MUET, CGPA, internship, entrepreneurship course, working experience, communication skills, analytical skills, teamwork, positive values, and general knowledge.
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education
Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the awareness level of university students on energy conserva... more Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the awareness level of university students on energy conservation by focusing on their knowledge, attitude and practice. Energy awareness is a feasible energy conservation measure, but an inappropriate approach can cause the wastage of resources. The current number of reported awareness studies especially among the university student is quite limited, and focus is more given to the awareness on renewable energy, instead of energy conservation. Design/methodology/approach A paper-based survey using a set of questionnaires that involved 2,857 respondents. There are four sections in this questionnaire, which are basic background information of respondents, knowledge (yes/true or no/false choice of responses), attitude (a scale of 1–10, where 10 indicates “strongly agree” and 1 chooses “strongly disagree”) and practices (a scale of 1–10, where 10 indicates “Always” and 1 selects “Never”). The evaluation includes the correlation analysis of all awarene...
Poverty alleviation has continuously become one of the main concerns of the socio-economic policy... more Poverty alleviation has continuously become one of the main concerns of the socio-economic policy worldwide. This crucial phenomenon is bounded on necessity toward monetary and comprehends by social, economic, political, and physiological aspects. In Malaysia, although the New Economic Policy in 1971 has succeeded in reducing the country's poverty incident, poverty's pocket continues to exist with high incidences of poverty among specific ethnic groups and localities. For instance, rural poverty among the Iban community in Sarawak has occurred since Malaysian independence. Therefore, this paper examines the rural residents' perceptions of the State's role in poverty alleviation in Sarawak using a qualitative approach. Findings revealed that although the government has various programs to alleviate poverty, the social assistance related to poverty was not efficiently distributed in Sarawak's rural areas. This study also revealed that a lack of social infrastructur...
Background: Tobacco smoking remains a major public health concern as it is a leading cause of ser... more Background: Tobacco smoking remains a major public health concern as it is a leading cause of serious illness and premature deaths worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking...
Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 2014
Tujuan – Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti perbezaan gender dalam sokongan pembelajaran, keterl... more Tujuan – Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti perbezaan gender dalam sokongan pembelajaran, keterlibatan murid di sekolah dan pencapaian. Kajian ini juga meneliti sejauh mana keterlibatan tersebut berperanan sebagai perantara kepada gender, sokongan pembelajaran dengan pencapaian akademik. Metodologi – Kajian ini menggunakan model keratan rentas yang melibatkan hubungan gender dengan keterlibatan murid di sekolah, sokongan pembelajaran dan pencapaian akademik. Sampel kajian adalah seramai 2,359 remaja lelaki dan perempuan berumur 12 hingga 16 tahun dari sekolah harian di kawasan bandar dan luar bandar. Instrumen Keterlibatan Murid di Sekolah dan Sokongan Pembelajaran digunakan untuk kutipan data. Kedua-dua instrumen telah diterjemah ke dalam bahasa Melayu untuk meninjau sejauhmana keterlibatan murid di sekolah dan persepsi mereka terhadap sokongan pembelajaran daripada ibu bapa, guru dan rakan sebaya. Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen menunjukkan nilai tinggi. Analisis inferen...
Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature... more Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature can be used to measure climate change. This research aimed to investigate the variation of land surface temperature in Borneo island using a cubic spline method and a multivariate regression model. The island was divided into 8 regions each comprising 9 subregions. Land surface temperatures for each subregion from 2000 to 2019 was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer database. The average increase in temperature was 0.2 o C per decade with a 95% con dence interval of (0.14, 0.27). The changes differed by region; a signi cant increase was seen in Sarawak, North Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, West-central Kalimantan, Central-east Kalimantan region, a slight decrease in Sabah and Brunei Darussalam (Sabah & Brunei) region, a slight increase in East Kalimantan and a stable trend in South Kalimantan.
The use of a variety of instruments for quality assurance, management, and enhancement in higher ... more The use of a variety of instruments for quality assurance, management, and enhancement in higher education is well recognized. This article investigated the instruClose Panelments used by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Oman to measure, control, and manage the quality of their services in alignment with the standards set by Oman Academic Accreditation Authority (OAAA). Quality Assurance Managers (QAMs) from five HEIs were interviewed to identify the instruments used by them to fulfil the requirements of each standard and the way they make use of the data gathered by using these instruments. Findings from the study reveal that questionnaires and meetings are the most common instruments used by these institutions to measure, control and assure the efficacy of their current quality activities. In addition, HEIs use summary statistics to analyse data and then present them in meetings or through reports. On the other hand, it was found that substantial efforts are made to collect...
Public higher education sector worldwide is under a growing pressure to improve the quality and i... more Public higher education sector worldwide is under a growing pressure to improve the quality and increase efficiency of its services. Limited financial resources as well as tight regulations and monitoring of the spending are characteristics of this public higher education sector. Another debated issue is the division of public money among the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in a country. University of Malaya is an example of a public higher education and it is considered as number one in Malaysia as HEI. UM in the latest QS Global World University Rankings 2021 has achieved the position 59th and the 9th in the regional Asia rankings. The main objective of this study is to provide the empirical evidence whether the efficiency of UM faculties is consistent with the international QS Global World University Rankings.
Elderly in Malaysia are defined as people aged 60 years and above as agreed on subsequent to the ... more Elderly in Malaysia are defined as people aged 60 years and above as agreed on subsequent to the United Nations World Assembly on Ageing in 1982 in Vienna. As of 2014, there is an estimated of 2.7 million elderly in Malaysia or 8.9% out of the total population of 30.3 million. Recent projections estimated that Malaysia will become an ageing nation by 2035 when 15% of the population falls into this group. As the number of the elderly population continues to grow, loneliness is becoming one of the major issues leading to impaired quality of life among elderly. Loneliness might lead to mental problems and stress among the elderly. This study attempts to examine the characteristics and influencing factors of loneliness among elderly in Malaysia. Data for this study is a sub-sample of a bigger national study gathered through the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) conducted in 2014 by the National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia. Descriptive analysis and Logistic Regression were employed to identify the determinants that associated with loneliness. In addition, the prevalence and incidence rates of loneliness and odds ratio were also calculated. The feeling of loneliness was the main dependent variable for this study. Whilst socio-demographic factors such as gender, ethnicity, age, education, marital status, employment status and locality were selected as the independent variables. Other independent variables considered in the analysis were income security, living arrangements, health and physical condition, family interaction and support, leisure activities, community engagement, religious participation, life satisfaction and internet usage. Majority of the elderly reported they “never feeling lonely” (65%). One out of 10 reported feeling lonely sometimes and 25% described themselves as always lonely. The socio-demographic variables, health and physical conditions, religious participation, community engagement, leisure activities and family interaction and support for the elderly affect their feeling of loneliness.
Advances in social science, education and humanities research, 2021
Climate change in Sumatra island is likely a result of widespread land-use changes by the plantat... more Climate change in Sumatra island is likely a result of widespread land-use changes by the plantation industry. This study aims to investigate trends in land surface temperatures in Sumatra island. Land surface temperatures from 2001-2020 were downloaded from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer Terra satellite and divided into 5 regions and 45 sub-regions spread equally across the island. The statistical method that used to analyzed the data was cubic spline and multiple regression. The seasonal pattern and variation in the land surface temperature were examined using a cubic spline method and the seasonally adjusted land surface temperature was analyzed using a multiple regression model. On average, the land surface temperature on Sumatra island significantly increased over the ten years by 0.076 °C with a 95% confidence interval of [0.010, 0.141] °C.
Entrepreneurship is often considered as an alternative to youth and graduate unemployment, which ... more Entrepreneurship is often considered as an alternative to youth and graduate unemployment, which at the same time provides more job opportunities and stimulates economic growth. Based on previous studies, the question that emerged was whether graduates will consider entrepreneurship as their career option. This chapter aims to explore whether entrepreneurship is aspired by young people, especially graduates, in their future careers. Aspirations and perceptions of entrepreneurial skills, support, and assistance are also discussed throughout this chapter. Several practical implications and policy options in promoting entrepreneurship to graduates are proposed.
The chapter discussed the reasons for the labour market vulnerability of youth and the challenges... more The chapter discussed the reasons for the labour market vulnerability of youth and the challenges they face amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. While youth have been experiencing unsatisfactory progress in the labour market, the pandemic crisis has worsened it. Challenges in the labour market outcome include higher youth unemployment, financial instability (due to low wages and decrease in monthly income), labour market skill mismatch, low quality of jobs, and difficulties in school-to-work transitions, which threaten to widen the pre-existing challenges. This chapter also discussed remedial actions on policy options and interventions to the labour market to alleviate those challenges. The vulnerability of youths must be identified, heard, and targeted with proper measures to address the challenges that the young workers face in the current labour market.
Malaysia, a report in The Star IN-TECH April, 18 2000, indicated that in 1995 there were only 7,0... more Malaysia, a report in The Star IN-TECH April, 18 2000, indicated that in 1995 there were only 7,000 Internet users and in 1999, the size increased by hundred percent (700,000). In addition, The E-Commerce spending in 1997 was RM 12.54 million and this figure is expected to increase to RM 2.46 billion by the year 2002. The increase in Internet usage and E-Commerce spending in Malaysia is spearheaded by the Malaysian Government, via the creation of the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC). The MSC provides low telecommunication tariffs, no censorship on the Internet, plus a well developed IT infrastructure of fibre optic cabling. This complements the rise and growth of the Internet and E-Commerce activities (www.mdc.com.my). Although E-Commerce is in its early stage of usage in Malaysia, it is expected to change the way organisations carry out their daily transactions. By using E-Commerce, organisations will have an added value, whereby it can improve, transform, and redefine their organisations . E-Commerce comprise of a wide range of activities. It is not only exchange of products, services and information electronically (Kalakota and Whinston, 1997) but it also includes new advancement to advertising, market research, customer support service, order and delivery and financial transactions (payment) . This study focuses on E-Commerce applications pertaining to these areas. It explores the extent of usage of these E-Commerce applications in Malaysia, namely amongst the Manufacturing, Services and Agriculture/Construction sector. The paper begins by describing the various ways in which organisations can conduct E-Commerce. It continues with a description of the research methodology, a discussion of the findings, in particular the applications that are most and least widely used. It then proceeds with an analysis of the level of E-Commerce applications by the various organisations. Finally, the paper reveals factors which hinder E-Commerce adoption among the selected organisations. According to The World Trade Organisation (WTO) E-Commerce can be illustrated by reviewing the usage of Internet. The Internet can be used for a mulitude of exchanges and transactions, including e-mails, leisure reading and searching for information (browsing or surfing), advertising and promoting personal or business causes, linking people, selling, purchasing or providing services. It can be concluded that the Internet provides a powerful platform for organisations to conduct E-Commerce. Advertising includes providing information about the company and its product and services. This can be carried out by displaying the information on the organisation web sites, using a third party website or by means of electronic
Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature... more Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature can be used to measure climate change. This research aimed to investigate the variation of land surface temperature in Borneo island using a cubic spline method and a multivariate regression model. The island was divided into 8 regions each comprising 9 subregions. Land surface temperatures for each subregion from 2000 to 2019 was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer database. The average increase in temperature was 0.2 o C per decade with a 95% con dence interval of (0.14, 0.27). The changes differed by region; a signi cant increase was seen in Sarawak, North Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, West-central Kalimantan, Central-east Kalimantan region, a slight decrease in Sabah and Brunei Darussalam (Sabah & Brunei) region, a slight increase in East Kalimantan and a stable trend in South Kalimantan.
To maximize the quality of life (QoL) among persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Malaysia, it is i... more To maximize the quality of life (QoL) among persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Malaysia, it is important to identify factors that are strongly associated with the QoL of PWDs. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of QoL among PWDs in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study approach was applied covering 340 participants with hearing impairments, visual impairments, and physical disabilities. A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the determinants of QoL. The seven QoL domains namely physical health, psychological, social relationships, environment, discrimination, autonomy, and inclusion were considered as dependent variables while demographic profile, socio-economic status, and disability history were considered independent variables. The contribution of independent variables to most of the QoL domains was modest. This study found that type of disabilities is a significant determinant for physical health, psychological, environment, discrimination, and...
Pertanika journal of social science and humanities, Dec 15, 2022
Recent trends in graduate employment have raised concerns among higher education providers and ot... more Recent trends in graduate employment have raised concerns among higher education providers and other stakeholders. Issues concerning the soft skills gap have been constantly raised so that industries and universities can adopt various initiatives to address this situation. In addition, employment has shifted from production to service, increasing the importance of soft skills. This study aims to map graduates' soft skills and employment status after graduation. The Ministry of Higher Education repository was used to select 100,413 first-degree graduates who had completed their studies. Logistic regression analysis created the graduate employability predictive model, which yielded a 77% accuracy. The findings show that 85.5% of graduates were employed during data collection. The predictive model suggests that graduate employability status is affected by factors such as gender, family income, the field of study, MUET, CGPA, internship, entrepreneurship course, working experience, communication skills, analytical skills, teamwork, positive values, and general knowledge.
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education
Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the awareness level of university students on energy conserva... more Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the awareness level of university students on energy conservation by focusing on their knowledge, attitude and practice. Energy awareness is a feasible energy conservation measure, but an inappropriate approach can cause the wastage of resources. The current number of reported awareness studies especially among the university student is quite limited, and focus is more given to the awareness on renewable energy, instead of energy conservation. Design/methodology/approach A paper-based survey using a set of questionnaires that involved 2,857 respondents. There are four sections in this questionnaire, which are basic background information of respondents, knowledge (yes/true or no/false choice of responses), attitude (a scale of 1–10, where 10 indicates “strongly agree” and 1 chooses “strongly disagree”) and practices (a scale of 1–10, where 10 indicates “Always” and 1 selects “Never”). The evaluation includes the correlation analysis of all awarene...
Poverty alleviation has continuously become one of the main concerns of the socio-economic policy... more Poverty alleviation has continuously become one of the main concerns of the socio-economic policy worldwide. This crucial phenomenon is bounded on necessity toward monetary and comprehends by social, economic, political, and physiological aspects. In Malaysia, although the New Economic Policy in 1971 has succeeded in reducing the country's poverty incident, poverty's pocket continues to exist with high incidences of poverty among specific ethnic groups and localities. For instance, rural poverty among the Iban community in Sarawak has occurred since Malaysian independence. Therefore, this paper examines the rural residents' perceptions of the State's role in poverty alleviation in Sarawak using a qualitative approach. Findings revealed that although the government has various programs to alleviate poverty, the social assistance related to poverty was not efficiently distributed in Sarawak's rural areas. This study also revealed that a lack of social infrastructur...
Background: Tobacco smoking remains a major public health concern as it is a leading cause of ser... more Background: Tobacco smoking remains a major public health concern as it is a leading cause of serious illness and premature deaths worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking...
Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 2014
Tujuan – Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti perbezaan gender dalam sokongan pembelajaran, keterl... more Tujuan – Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti perbezaan gender dalam sokongan pembelajaran, keterlibatan murid di sekolah dan pencapaian. Kajian ini juga meneliti sejauh mana keterlibatan tersebut berperanan sebagai perantara kepada gender, sokongan pembelajaran dengan pencapaian akademik. Metodologi – Kajian ini menggunakan model keratan rentas yang melibatkan hubungan gender dengan keterlibatan murid di sekolah, sokongan pembelajaran dan pencapaian akademik. Sampel kajian adalah seramai 2,359 remaja lelaki dan perempuan berumur 12 hingga 16 tahun dari sekolah harian di kawasan bandar dan luar bandar. Instrumen Keterlibatan Murid di Sekolah dan Sokongan Pembelajaran digunakan untuk kutipan data. Kedua-dua instrumen telah diterjemah ke dalam bahasa Melayu untuk meninjau sejauhmana keterlibatan murid di sekolah dan persepsi mereka terhadap sokongan pembelajaran daripada ibu bapa, guru dan rakan sebaya. Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen menunjukkan nilai tinggi. Analisis inferen...
Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature... more Increased temperature is one of the signals of global warming. Trends in land surface temperature can be used to measure climate change. This research aimed to investigate the variation of land surface temperature in Borneo island using a cubic spline method and a multivariate regression model. The island was divided into 8 regions each comprising 9 subregions. Land surface temperatures for each subregion from 2000 to 2019 was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer database. The average increase in temperature was 0.2 o C per decade with a 95% con dence interval of (0.14, 0.27). The changes differed by region; a signi cant increase was seen in Sarawak, North Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, West-central Kalimantan, Central-east Kalimantan region, a slight decrease in Sabah and Brunei Darussalam (Sabah & Brunei) region, a slight increase in East Kalimantan and a stable trend in South Kalimantan.
The use of a variety of instruments for quality assurance, management, and enhancement in higher ... more The use of a variety of instruments for quality assurance, management, and enhancement in higher education is well recognized. This article investigated the instruClose Panelments used by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Oman to measure, control, and manage the quality of their services in alignment with the standards set by Oman Academic Accreditation Authority (OAAA). Quality Assurance Managers (QAMs) from five HEIs were interviewed to identify the instruments used by them to fulfil the requirements of each standard and the way they make use of the data gathered by using these instruments. Findings from the study reveal that questionnaires and meetings are the most common instruments used by these institutions to measure, control and assure the efficacy of their current quality activities. In addition, HEIs use summary statistics to analyse data and then present them in meetings or through reports. On the other hand, it was found that substantial efforts are made to collect...
Public higher education sector worldwide is under a growing pressure to improve the quality and i... more Public higher education sector worldwide is under a growing pressure to improve the quality and increase efficiency of its services. Limited financial resources as well as tight regulations and monitoring of the spending are characteristics of this public higher education sector. Another debated issue is the division of public money among the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in a country. University of Malaya is an example of a public higher education and it is considered as number one in Malaysia as HEI. UM in the latest QS Global World University Rankings 2021 has achieved the position 59th and the 9th in the regional Asia rankings. The main objective of this study is to provide the empirical evidence whether the efficiency of UM faculties is consistent with the international QS Global World University Rankings.
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