Definition of biological activity, which results in a biological property, is still inspired by c... more Definition of biological activity, which results in a biological property, is still inspired by conventional Fischer’s ‘lock- and-key’ model. This model explains how the correctly sized key (ligand) should fits into the keyhole (receptor) in an analogical manner. During Electromagnetic Information Transfer (EMIT), property of original molecule delivers either to water or target biological entity. In cases that water receives a property via EMIT, it imitates the original agonist, while no longer has the molecule inside it. The recent concept is known as “Water Memory (WM)”. EMIT and WM, challenge the currently admired scientific paradigm (lock-and-key model), which addresses the necessity of structural conformity of interacting molecules. Considering the fact that replicability of EMIT and WM related empirical studies are not always confirmed, these propositions are mostly labelled as “pseudoscience”. To evaluate the authenticity of labelling EMIT and WM as pseudoscience, we debated ...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurological disability in young adults. The pathog... more Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurological disability in young adults. The pathogenesis of MS is characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) as the ruinous result of chronic activation of the immune system. All clinical forms of MS, including relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), and the primary progressive MS (PPMS), demonstrate inflammation as a common symptom. In various autoimmune diseases like MS, the ability of the immune system to set a balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is lost. In this review, the imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses of immune cells and their role in MS progression is discussed. Disturbing the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells and M1/M2 phenotypes of macrophages and microglial plays a key role in the development and progression of MS. In this review, we first depict an outline...
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignat brain tumor in adul... more Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignat brain tumor in adults. The modulation of miRNA expression is taken into consideration both as controlling groundwork for cancer development and invasion and as a potential application in GBM-targeted therapies either perse or combined with chemo or radiotherapy. The c-myc overexpression is tightly correlated with GBM progressing growth and malignancy. There is ample evidence showing that microRNAs (miRNAs) are linked to the pathogenesis of several malignancies. However, little is known about the potential role of miRNAs in GBM development. We conducted the present study to find out whether the miR-561 inhibits GBM cells proliferation and survival via controlling the expression of c-myc. Method: In this in vitro study, the U87 cell line was used as a template for lentiviral vector “pCDH-miR-561” construction. HEK293 cell line was transfected with pCDH-miR-561 and its viability (MTT assay) and apoptosis rate...
Diarrheal diseases represent a major health problem in developing countries. Several viruses and ... more Diarrheal diseases represent a major health problem in developing countries. Several viruses and bacterial agents, such as Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are responsible for human enteric infections. In humans, EHEC infections result in bloody or non-bloody diarrhea, which may be complicated by haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). Infection by ETEC is accompanied by a non inflammatory watery diarrhea. E. coli follows a common strategy of infection: colonization on a mucosal site, evasion of host defenses, multiplication, and host damage. Intimin, Stx, Lt and Cfa proteins are the virulence factors expressed by these strains. Antibiotic treatment is generally not recommended for most cases of diarrhea, since antibiotic usage may lead to antibiotic resistance in ETEC and may also change the intestinal flora. We hypothesized that the chimeric forms of these effectors as vaccine candidates would reduce the colonization of bacteria. This study is based on an in silico analysis of chimeric protein structure and its stability and solubility. The secondary and tertiary structures of selected domains were also predicted. Moreover, T and B cell epitopes were mapped. Protein structure Prediction showed that each domain of antigen was separated completely also stable for recombinant expression. We believe that this chimeric vaccine candidate is effective for prevention of bacteria caused diarrheal diseases.
Low frequency electric fields were exposed to various water samples using platinum electrodes mou... more Low frequency electric fields were exposed to various water samples using platinum electrodes mounted near the water surface. Responses were monitored using a spectro-radiometer and a contact-angle goniometer. Treatment of DI (deionized), EZ (Exclusion Zone), and bulk water with certain electromagnetic frequencies resulted in a drop of radiance persisting for at least half an hour. Compared to DI water, however, samples of EZ and bulk water showed lesser radiance drop. Contact-angle goniometric results confirmed that when treated with alternating electric fields (E = 600 ± 150 V/m, f = 7.8 and 1000 Hz), droplets of EZ and bulk water acquired different charges. The applied electric field interacted with EZ water only when electrodes were installed above the chamber, but not beneath. Further, when DI water interacted with an electric field applied from above (E = 600 ± 150 V/m, f = 75 Hz), its radiance profile became similar to that of EZ water. Putting these last two findings togethe...
Protein aggregation is known as the main mechanism of amyloid fibrillation in amyloidosis disease... more Protein aggregation is known as the main mechanism of amyloid fibrillation in amyloidosis diseases. Recent studies confirmed that compounds with one or two indole rings have inhibitory potential against amyloid fibrillation. Herein, the interaction of two similar compounds 'bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene' and 'bis(indolyl)-2-chloro-phenyl-methene' with an amyloid core model was investigated. To this aim, molecular docking and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used. Docking results between aggregation-prone region (APR) of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) and either of ligands showed that they interact with different residues of the APR (amyloid fibril nucleus). According to MD results, bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene made a distance between the two cores, which was 1.5 times greater than that bis(indolyl)-2-chloro-phenyl-methene made. Analysis of RMSD/RMSF values revealed that bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene stabilized strands of A and B, while destabilized strands C and D. The hydrophobic 'methyl' functional group in bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene facilitate its deep penetration between core nuclei, via destabilizing outer strands of C and D. Considering this fact that results of this study are in agreement with experimental findings, details of the discovered mechanism of interaction between ligands and HEWL's APR would be inspiring for further anti-fibrillation drug designs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Aims were to investigate pattern of distribution of “molybdenum disulfide/cobalt ferrite” magneti... more Aims were to investigate pattern of distribution of “molybdenum disulfide/cobalt ferrite” magnetic nanocomposite (MNC), following injection into the BALB/c mice tumor. MNCs were characterized by microscopic, spectroscopic and magneto-metric techniques. To have a gland tumor, 4T1 cells injected subcutaneously. After 1 week of tumor growth, MNCs injected to the tumor at different speed rates, and tumor size monitored after magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) by seven days via measurement of tumors’ outer dimensions, histopathology and qRT-PCR assay techniques. Neither MoS2/CoFe2O4 nor applied alternative magnetic field (AMF) diminished viability of tumor cells. However, when concentration of 200 µg/ml injected by speed rate of 10 µl/min to the tumor in the presence of AMF (f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT), significant diminution of tumor size and considerable raise of tumor necrosis observed. At the same time, up-regulation of Bax and p53, and down-regulation of VEGF and Bcl2 was detected. Uniform distribution of MNC in optimized condition resulted in significant diminution of tumor size after MFH. Besides, injection of MoS2/CoFe2O4 to the tumor left no sign of necrosis or inflammation in the mice liver. These features of MoS2/CoFe2O4 introduce it as a promising candidate for further clinical studies.
The recent viral infection disease pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavi... more The recent viral infection disease pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global public health crisis. Iran, as one of the countries that reported over five million infected cases by September 2021, has been concerned with the urgent development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. In this paper, we report the results of a study on potency and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate (FAKHRAVAC) in a preclinical study so as to confirm its potential for further clinical evaluation. Here, we developed a pilot-scale production of FAKHRAVAC, a purified inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine candidate that induces neutralizing antibodies in Balb/c mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and non-human primates (Rhesus macaques—RM). After obtaining ethical code of IR.IUMS.REC.1399.566, immunizations of animals were conducted by using either of three different vaccine dilutions; High (H): 10 μg/dose, Medium (M): 5 μg/dose, and...
Mechanism of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) studied via histological, cellular and in-silico m... more Mechanism of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) studied via histological, cellular and in-silico methods. Number of RGB pixels in histopathological or cellar images was calculated to estimate penetration ratio of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC; MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4) into either of tumor tissue or cells. The hydrodynamic diameter and the size distribution of MNC were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta Sizer, respectively. The molecular dynamic (MD) model of MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 was studied in a cubic box of water for 6.6 ns to simulate one-time passage of an alternative magnetic field from a side of cubic box. MFH treatment of tumors (f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT) with low concentration of MNC, enhanced penetration of MNCs to the mammary gland tissue. Besides, the membrane permeability of MCF-7 cells was the most in "MNC + MF" condition, which is a validation for increased apoptosis rate expectancy in cancerous cells. The MNC with hydrodynamic diameter of 24.1 ± 0.89 nm produced the greatest "temperature/E total " ratio when the lowest MF (2.35 × 10 3 mT) was applied on the lowest concentration of the MNC (38 mM). Cellular uptake of MNC by the cancerous MCF-7 cells in the presence of MF, considerably boosted compared to the time that no MF was applied. Therefore, application of lowamplitude MF on low concentration of MNC results in targeted apoptosis of cancerous cells, while leaving normal cells intact.
In this study, antibacterial impact of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC: MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 ) and super... more In this study, antibacterial impact of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC: MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 ) and super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION: Fe 3 O 4 -Casein) against staphylococcus aureus was studied. It was expected that such comparative study, address key points in optimization of synthesis and design of nanomaterials, which are supposed to be used as antibacterial agents for magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) purposes. As the results, the MNC and SPION had average sizes of 17±4 nm and 15±5 nm, and diffused homogenously in agarose gel. They both were bacteriostatic against S. aureus at very low concentrations, while were bactericidal at concentrations of 200 µg/mL and more in MFH condition. In conclusion, both MNC and SPION inhibit S. aureus viability when low amplitude ( H = 31.16 mT) alternative magnetic field (AMF: f = 150 kHz) was applied. Therefore, both of the nanomaterials are eligible to be considered as antibacterial candidates for treatment of complicated infections in upper respiratory tract or skin.
The aims were to characterize MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite and investigate its thermal therapy... more The aims were to characterize MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite and investigate its thermal therapy efficiency on cancerous (MCF-7) and normal (MCF-10A) human breast cells. Magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) characterized by scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. TEM and SEM techniques showed MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 MNCs had an average size of 17±4 nm with almost spherical morphology. Magnetic properties of MNC measured by VSM, which resulted in specific loss power (SLP) of 766.61 W/g at 300 K. Cytotoxicity of MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites in MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines remained insignificant until 48 hours, which confirms its biocompatibility. Low concentration (200 ug/mL) of MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 was exposed to the low-frequency alternative magnetic field ( f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT) in a way that delivery of thermal ablation via magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) occurred exclusively in cancerous (MCF-7) cells.
Rabies is acutely fatal encephalitis caused by a neurotropic virus. This virus belongs to the fam... more Rabies is acutely fatal encephalitis caused by a neurotropic virus. This virus belongs to the family of Rhabdoviridae and genus of Lyssavirus. The virus is almost always transmitted to human through infected mammalian saliva. Rabies is inoculated to a wound by an infected animal bite. Since infection is established in the CNS, the outcome is almost always fatal. According to the outstanding role of vaccination against rabies in animals, as well as post-exposure treatment regimen in human, production of cell-cultured rabies vaccine is the most common interest of researchers. Two BHK-rabies vaccines, one made in the Pasteur Institute of Iran and two in Schering-Plough Animal Health of Madrid, Spain have been tested on 12 dogs divided into two groups. Sera were taken monthly over 18 months. To evaluate the titer of the rabiesneutralizing antibody, these sera were analyzed by the rapid fluorescence focus inhibition test (RFFIT) in the end of each month. Both study groups showed a sufficient immunogenic response without any significant difference at least one year after first vaccination. With respect to the effective immunization of rabies vaccines, their annual injections would be sufficient. According to the results, at the end of the study (18th month) serum titer in only one dog (No. 7) was less than protective level. Two animals in group one (No. 2 and No. 5) also had serum titers less than protective level. Mean of post vaccination antibody titer were not different in either groups (P=0.35).
Introduction: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is known as standard chondrogenic different... more Introduction: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is known as standard chondrogenic differentiation agent, even though it comes with undesirable side effects such as early hypertrophic maturation, mineralization, and secretion of inflammatory/angiogenic factors. On the other hand, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is found to have a chondrogenic impact on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation, with no considerable side effects. Therefore, we compared chondrogenic impact of TGF-β and PRP on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), to see if PRP could be introduced as an alternative to TGF-β. Methods: Differentiation of ADSCs was monitored using a couple of methods including glycosaminoglycan production, miRNAs expression, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium content assays. Results: Accordingly, the treatment of differentiating cells with 5% (v/v) PRP resulted in higher glycosaminoglyc...
Definition of biological activity, which results in a biological property, is still inspired by c... more Definition of biological activity, which results in a biological property, is still inspired by conventional Fischer’s ‘lock- and-key’ model. This model explains how the correctly sized key (ligand) should fits into the keyhole (receptor) in an analogical manner. During Electromagnetic Information Transfer (EMIT), property of original molecule delivers either to water or target biological entity. In cases that water receives a property via EMIT, it imitates the original agonist, while no longer has the molecule inside it. The recent concept is known as “Water Memory (WM)”. EMIT and WM, challenge the currently admired scientific paradigm (lock-and-key model), which addresses the necessity of structural conformity of interacting molecules. Considering the fact that replicability of EMIT and WM related empirical studies are not always confirmed, these propositions are mostly labelled as “pseudoscience”. To evaluate the authenticity of labelling EMIT and WM as pseudoscience, we debated ...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurological disability in young adults. The pathog... more Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurological disability in young adults. The pathogenesis of MS is characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) as the ruinous result of chronic activation of the immune system. All clinical forms of MS, including relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), and the primary progressive MS (PPMS), demonstrate inflammation as a common symptom. In various autoimmune diseases like MS, the ability of the immune system to set a balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is lost. In this review, the imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses of immune cells and their role in MS progression is discussed. Disturbing the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells and M1/M2 phenotypes of macrophages and microglial plays a key role in the development and progression of MS. In this review, we first depict an outline...
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignat brain tumor in adul... more Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignat brain tumor in adults. The modulation of miRNA expression is taken into consideration both as controlling groundwork for cancer development and invasion and as a potential application in GBM-targeted therapies either perse or combined with chemo or radiotherapy. The c-myc overexpression is tightly correlated with GBM progressing growth and malignancy. There is ample evidence showing that microRNAs (miRNAs) are linked to the pathogenesis of several malignancies. However, little is known about the potential role of miRNAs in GBM development. We conducted the present study to find out whether the miR-561 inhibits GBM cells proliferation and survival via controlling the expression of c-myc. Method: In this in vitro study, the U87 cell line was used as a template for lentiviral vector “pCDH-miR-561” construction. HEK293 cell line was transfected with pCDH-miR-561 and its viability (MTT assay) and apoptosis rate...
Diarrheal diseases represent a major health problem in developing countries. Several viruses and ... more Diarrheal diseases represent a major health problem in developing countries. Several viruses and bacterial agents, such as Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are responsible for human enteric infections. In humans, EHEC infections result in bloody or non-bloody diarrhea, which may be complicated by haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). Infection by ETEC is accompanied by a non inflammatory watery diarrhea. E. coli follows a common strategy of infection: colonization on a mucosal site, evasion of host defenses, multiplication, and host damage. Intimin, Stx, Lt and Cfa proteins are the virulence factors expressed by these strains. Antibiotic treatment is generally not recommended for most cases of diarrhea, since antibiotic usage may lead to antibiotic resistance in ETEC and may also change the intestinal flora. We hypothesized that the chimeric forms of these effectors as vaccine candidates would reduce the colonization of bacteria. This study is based on an in silico analysis of chimeric protein structure and its stability and solubility. The secondary and tertiary structures of selected domains were also predicted. Moreover, T and B cell epitopes were mapped. Protein structure Prediction showed that each domain of antigen was separated completely also stable for recombinant expression. We believe that this chimeric vaccine candidate is effective for prevention of bacteria caused diarrheal diseases.
Low frequency electric fields were exposed to various water samples using platinum electrodes mou... more Low frequency electric fields were exposed to various water samples using platinum electrodes mounted near the water surface. Responses were monitored using a spectro-radiometer and a contact-angle goniometer. Treatment of DI (deionized), EZ (Exclusion Zone), and bulk water with certain electromagnetic frequencies resulted in a drop of radiance persisting for at least half an hour. Compared to DI water, however, samples of EZ and bulk water showed lesser radiance drop. Contact-angle goniometric results confirmed that when treated with alternating electric fields (E = 600 ± 150 V/m, f = 7.8 and 1000 Hz), droplets of EZ and bulk water acquired different charges. The applied electric field interacted with EZ water only when electrodes were installed above the chamber, but not beneath. Further, when DI water interacted with an electric field applied from above (E = 600 ± 150 V/m, f = 75 Hz), its radiance profile became similar to that of EZ water. Putting these last two findings togethe...
Protein aggregation is known as the main mechanism of amyloid fibrillation in amyloidosis disease... more Protein aggregation is known as the main mechanism of amyloid fibrillation in amyloidosis diseases. Recent studies confirmed that compounds with one or two indole rings have inhibitory potential against amyloid fibrillation. Herein, the interaction of two similar compounds 'bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene' and 'bis(indolyl)-2-chloro-phenyl-methene' with an amyloid core model was investigated. To this aim, molecular docking and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used. Docking results between aggregation-prone region (APR) of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) and either of ligands showed that they interact with different residues of the APR (amyloid fibril nucleus). According to MD results, bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene made a distance between the two cores, which was 1.5 times greater than that bis(indolyl)-2-chloro-phenyl-methene made. Analysis of RMSD/RMSF values revealed that bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene stabilized strands of A and B, while destabilized strands C and D. The hydrophobic 'methyl' functional group in bis(indolyl)-2-methyl-phenyl-methene facilitate its deep penetration between core nuclei, via destabilizing outer strands of C and D. Considering this fact that results of this study are in agreement with experimental findings, details of the discovered mechanism of interaction between ligands and HEWL's APR would be inspiring for further anti-fibrillation drug designs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Aims were to investigate pattern of distribution of “molybdenum disulfide/cobalt ferrite” magneti... more Aims were to investigate pattern of distribution of “molybdenum disulfide/cobalt ferrite” magnetic nanocomposite (MNC), following injection into the BALB/c mice tumor. MNCs were characterized by microscopic, spectroscopic and magneto-metric techniques. To have a gland tumor, 4T1 cells injected subcutaneously. After 1 week of tumor growth, MNCs injected to the tumor at different speed rates, and tumor size monitored after magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) by seven days via measurement of tumors’ outer dimensions, histopathology and qRT-PCR assay techniques. Neither MoS2/CoFe2O4 nor applied alternative magnetic field (AMF) diminished viability of tumor cells. However, when concentration of 200 µg/ml injected by speed rate of 10 µl/min to the tumor in the presence of AMF (f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT), significant diminution of tumor size and considerable raise of tumor necrosis observed. At the same time, up-regulation of Bax and p53, and down-regulation of VEGF and Bcl2 was detected. Uniform distribution of MNC in optimized condition resulted in significant diminution of tumor size after MFH. Besides, injection of MoS2/CoFe2O4 to the tumor left no sign of necrosis or inflammation in the mice liver. These features of MoS2/CoFe2O4 introduce it as a promising candidate for further clinical studies.
The recent viral infection disease pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavi... more The recent viral infection disease pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global public health crisis. Iran, as one of the countries that reported over five million infected cases by September 2021, has been concerned with the urgent development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. In this paper, we report the results of a study on potency and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate (FAKHRAVAC) in a preclinical study so as to confirm its potential for further clinical evaluation. Here, we developed a pilot-scale production of FAKHRAVAC, a purified inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine candidate that induces neutralizing antibodies in Balb/c mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and non-human primates (Rhesus macaques—RM). After obtaining ethical code of IR.IUMS.REC.1399.566, immunizations of animals were conducted by using either of three different vaccine dilutions; High (H): 10 μg/dose, Medium (M): 5 μg/dose, and...
Mechanism of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) studied via histological, cellular and in-silico m... more Mechanism of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) studied via histological, cellular and in-silico methods. Number of RGB pixels in histopathological or cellar images was calculated to estimate penetration ratio of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC; MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4) into either of tumor tissue or cells. The hydrodynamic diameter and the size distribution of MNC were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta Sizer, respectively. The molecular dynamic (MD) model of MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 was studied in a cubic box of water for 6.6 ns to simulate one-time passage of an alternative magnetic field from a side of cubic box. MFH treatment of tumors (f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT) with low concentration of MNC, enhanced penetration of MNCs to the mammary gland tissue. Besides, the membrane permeability of MCF-7 cells was the most in "MNC + MF" condition, which is a validation for increased apoptosis rate expectancy in cancerous cells. The MNC with hydrodynamic diameter of 24.1 ± 0.89 nm produced the greatest "temperature/E total " ratio when the lowest MF (2.35 × 10 3 mT) was applied on the lowest concentration of the MNC (38 mM). Cellular uptake of MNC by the cancerous MCF-7 cells in the presence of MF, considerably boosted compared to the time that no MF was applied. Therefore, application of lowamplitude MF on low concentration of MNC results in targeted apoptosis of cancerous cells, while leaving normal cells intact.
In this study, antibacterial impact of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC: MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 ) and super... more In this study, antibacterial impact of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC: MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 ) and super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION: Fe 3 O 4 -Casein) against staphylococcus aureus was studied. It was expected that such comparative study, address key points in optimization of synthesis and design of nanomaterials, which are supposed to be used as antibacterial agents for magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) purposes. As the results, the MNC and SPION had average sizes of 17±4 nm and 15±5 nm, and diffused homogenously in agarose gel. They both were bacteriostatic against S. aureus at very low concentrations, while were bactericidal at concentrations of 200 µg/mL and more in MFH condition. In conclusion, both MNC and SPION inhibit S. aureus viability when low amplitude ( H = 31.16 mT) alternative magnetic field (AMF: f = 150 kHz) was applied. Therefore, both of the nanomaterials are eligible to be considered as antibacterial candidates for treatment of complicated infections in upper respiratory tract or skin.
The aims were to characterize MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite and investigate its thermal therapy... more The aims were to characterize MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite and investigate its thermal therapy efficiency on cancerous (MCF-7) and normal (MCF-10A) human breast cells. Magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) characterized by scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. TEM and SEM techniques showed MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 MNCs had an average size of 17±4 nm with almost spherical morphology. Magnetic properties of MNC measured by VSM, which resulted in specific loss power (SLP) of 766.61 W/g at 300 K. Cytotoxicity of MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites in MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines remained insignificant until 48 hours, which confirms its biocompatibility. Low concentration (200 ug/mL) of MoS 2 /CoFe 2 O 4 was exposed to the low-frequency alternative magnetic field ( f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT) in a way that delivery of thermal ablation via magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) occurred exclusively in cancerous (MCF-7) cells.
Rabies is acutely fatal encephalitis caused by a neurotropic virus. This virus belongs to the fam... more Rabies is acutely fatal encephalitis caused by a neurotropic virus. This virus belongs to the family of Rhabdoviridae and genus of Lyssavirus. The virus is almost always transmitted to human through infected mammalian saliva. Rabies is inoculated to a wound by an infected animal bite. Since infection is established in the CNS, the outcome is almost always fatal. According to the outstanding role of vaccination against rabies in animals, as well as post-exposure treatment regimen in human, production of cell-cultured rabies vaccine is the most common interest of researchers. Two BHK-rabies vaccines, one made in the Pasteur Institute of Iran and two in Schering-Plough Animal Health of Madrid, Spain have been tested on 12 dogs divided into two groups. Sera were taken monthly over 18 months. To evaluate the titer of the rabiesneutralizing antibody, these sera were analyzed by the rapid fluorescence focus inhibition test (RFFIT) in the end of each month. Both study groups showed a sufficient immunogenic response without any significant difference at least one year after first vaccination. With respect to the effective immunization of rabies vaccines, their annual injections would be sufficient. According to the results, at the end of the study (18th month) serum titer in only one dog (No. 7) was less than protective level. Two animals in group one (No. 2 and No. 5) also had serum titers less than protective level. Mean of post vaccination antibody titer were not different in either groups (P=0.35).
Introduction: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is known as standard chondrogenic different... more Introduction: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is known as standard chondrogenic differentiation agent, even though it comes with undesirable side effects such as early hypertrophic maturation, mineralization, and secretion of inflammatory/angiogenic factors. On the other hand, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is found to have a chondrogenic impact on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation, with no considerable side effects. Therefore, we compared chondrogenic impact of TGF-β and PRP on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), to see if PRP could be introduced as an alternative to TGF-β. Methods: Differentiation of ADSCs was monitored using a couple of methods including glycosaminoglycan production, miRNAs expression, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium content assays. Results: Accordingly, the treatment of differentiating cells with 5% (v/v) PRP resulted in higher glycosaminoglyc...
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