Papers by ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
Water, Nov 8, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Catalysts
A novel Li-impregnated TiO2 catalyst loaded on feldspar mineral (Li-TiO2/feldspar) was synthesize... more A novel Li-impregnated TiO2 catalyst loaded on feldspar mineral (Li-TiO2/feldspar) was synthesized via a wet impregnation method and was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Using these techniques, it was possible to confirm the catalyst’s structural organization with a high crystallinity. This catalyst was used in the transesterification of five waste plant oils of Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apple), Pongamia pinnata (karanja), Sinapis arvensis (wild mustard), Ricinus communis (castor) and Carthamus oxyacantha (wild safflower). The catalytic tests were performed at temperatures ranging from 40 to 80 °C, employing a variable methanol/ester molar ratio (5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1 and 25:1) and different catalyst concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%) relative to the total reactants mass. Conversion of 98.4% of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was achieved for Pongamia pinnata (karanja). The...
The radiolytic degradation of reactive violet 1 dye in aqueous media as a model system was carrie... more The radiolytic degradation of reactive violet 1 dye in aqueous media as a model system was carried out. The dye solutions (10 to 50 mg/L) were irradiated to the absorbed doses of 2, 5, 10 and 15 kGy using Co-60 gamma radiation source. The change in absorbance, decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and degree of decolouration were investigated in presence of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The degraded end products in treated samples were identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Complete decolouration and 80 % COD reduction achieved when dye solutions were exposed to the radiation absorbed dose of 15 kGy. Evaluation of radiolytic end products revealed that dye molecules were completely breakdown into fragments of lower molecular masses.
Scientific Reports
Environmental problems associated with chemical catalysts to fulfil an ever-increasing energy dem... more Environmental problems associated with chemical catalysts to fulfil an ever-increasing energy demand have led to the search for an alternative environment friendly heterogeneous catalyst. If a catalyst being used in the biodiesel production is not environment friendly, then the environment is being contaminated in another way while trying to avoid pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels. The present study reports the use of nano-magnetic catalyst Fe/SnO supported on feldspar for the transesterification of various non-edible feedstocks oil, including Pongamiapinnata (karanja), Carthamusoxyacantha (wild safflower), Citrulluscolocynthis (bitter apple), Sinapisarvensis (wildmustard) and Ricinuscommunis (castor). The optimized transesterification parameter was oil to methanol ratio (1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25), catalyst amount (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5%), temperature (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C), and reaction times (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min). The biodiesel yield was found to be more ...
Polymers, 2022
To eliminate imidacloprid insecticide from wastewater, nanocalcite was grafted onto the surface o... more To eliminate imidacloprid insecticide from wastewater, nanocalcite was grafted onto the surface of pretreated polyester fabric. The process of seeding was followed by the low temperature hydrothermal method for the growth of nanocalcite for the functionalization of fabric. The goal of this study was to improve the hydrophilicity of the nanocalcite photocatalyst that had been grafted onto the surface of polyester fabric (PF) using acidic and basic prewetting techniques. The morphological characteristics, crystalline nature, surface charge density, functional groups of surface-modified nanocalcite @ PF were determined via SEM, XRD, FTIR, and Zeta potential (ZP), respectively. Characterization results critically disclosed surface roughness due to excessive induction of hydroxyl groups, rhombohedral crystal structure, and high charge density (0.721 mS/cm). Moreover, contact angle of nanocalcite @ PF was calculated to be 137.54° while after acidic and basic prewetting, it was reduced to ...
Three new vinyl-sulfone reactive dyes have been synthesized following with condensation and diazo... more Three new vinyl-sulfone reactive dyes have been synthesized following with condensation and diazotization-coupling reactions and then purified by a physicochemical method. FT-IR, H NMR spectroscopy and ESImass spectrometry characterization studies revealed the proposed chemical structures of the dyes. UV-Vis spectra of the dyes in aqueous solution were also performed at room temperature at 200-800 nm.
Polymers, 2021
Among chemical water pollutants, Cr(VI) is a highly toxic heavy metal; solar photocatalysis is a ... more Among chemical water pollutants, Cr(VI) is a highly toxic heavy metal; solar photocatalysis is a cost-effective method to reduce Cr(VI) to innocuous Cr(III). In this research work, an efficient and economically feasible ZnO/CuO nanocomposite was grafted onto the polyester fabric ZnO/CuO/PF through the SILAR method. Characterization by SEM, EDX, XRD, and DRS confirmed the successful grafting of highly crystalline, solar active nanoflakes of ZnO/CuO nanocomposite onto the polyester fabric. The grafting of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposite was confirmed by FTIR analysis of the ZnO/CuO/PF membrane. A solar photocatalytic reduction reaction of Cr(VI) was carried out by ZnO/CuO/PF under natural sunlight (solar flux 5–6 kW h/m2). The response surface methodology was employed to determine the interactive effect of three reaction variables: initial concentration of Cr(VI), pH, and solar irradiation time. According to UV/Vis spectrophotometry, 97% of chromium was removed from wastewater in acidic con...
The increase in environmental pollution has led to an increased investigation in the development ... more The increase in environmental pollution has led to an increased investigation in the development of novel ternary photocatalytic systems for remediation. These Photocatalytic systems exhibit superior photocatalytic action for the removal of pollutants because of their visible light active bandgaps. A highly effective visible light active ternary heterojunction was fabricated using a hydrothermal method assisted by ultrasonication. Herein, we report the Insitu hydrothermal synthesis of Mn-doped Bi2WO6-GO/ MoS2 photocatalyst, efficiently exhibiting greater photocatalytic activity for the wastewater treatment under solar light. The binary metal sulphide (MoS2) used as a co-catalyst, acted as electron collector and Graphene oxide (GO) as a support material for interfacial electron transfer to and from bismuth tungstate and MoS2. The as-prepared samples were characterized using SEM-EDX, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, and UV–Vis techniques. The bandgap of the novel photocatalyst was found in the visibl...
Water Science and Technology, 2020
This study aims to explore the photocatalytic potential of graphene-oxide-based metal ferrites fo... more This study aims to explore the photocatalytic potential of graphene-oxide-based metal ferrites for the degradation of acetamiprid (an odorless neonicotinoid pesticide). Metal (Mn and Ni) ferrites (along with their graphene oxide composites) were prepared by the hydrothermal method while graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using a modified Hummer's method. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The photocatalysts were studied for their Fenton-like advanced oxidation process to degrade acetamiprid. The composites showed excellent activity against acetamiprid degradation (>90%) in 60 min under UV irradiation. The detailed optimization study was carried out to investigate the influential variables (such as pH, catalyst dose, pollutant concentration, irradiation time, oxidant dose, etc.) to achieve enhanced degradation efficiency. Moreover, the findings wer...
The degradation of printing dyes from textile printing industry effluents was carried out by Adva... more The degradation of printing dyes from textile printing industry effluents was carried out by Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) in which heterogeneous photocatalytic treatment of textile printing wastewater using UV/H2O2/TiO2 system was studied. For the treatment of textile effluents different concentration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and effect of application time of UV radiation was investigated. The degradation of treated wastewater was estimated spectrophotometrically. To check the extent of mineralization and decolorization after treatment water quality parameter such as percentage degradation, COD, BOD, TOC, pH, DO and toxicity were studied. Before treatment the values of water quality parameters were as; COD (1950 mg/L), BOD (963 mg/L), TOC (3410 mg/L), pH (9.6) and DO (1.77 mg/L). After application of UV/H2O2/TiO2 degradation was observed to be 72% and reduction in COD, BOD, TOC were 58%, 57%, 48%, and increase in DO level was up to 49% respectively. For the evaluation of the t...
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Environmental Science & Technology, 2019
Total number of pages of SI are 17 (S1-S19) S-3 Experimental Method Chemical Reagents Orange II (... more Total number of pages of SI are 17 (S1-S19) S-3 Experimental Method Chemical Reagents Orange II (OR) used in this study was purchased from Sandal dyes industries. Wastewater was acquired from three different textile industries (named as Nimra textile industry effluent (NIE1), Bismilla textile industry effluent (BIE2), and Chawla textile industry effluent (CIE3)) for the evaluation of their physico-chemical properties before and after adsorption and degradation of dyes. Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (Na-alginate), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used without any further purification. Collection and Grinding of Eleocharis Native and clean pieces of Eleocharis were collected from the Pagel Industries in relatively dried and substantial form. Dried biomass was ground to achieve robust and uniform particle size (250 µm) of Eleocharis, advance Laboratory Mill 120 (16800 rpm@ 105558 rad min-1 , Perten Instruments, Australia) was used for grinding. Culture and Extraction of Manganese Peroxidase Enzyme (MnPE) MnPE was extracted from the culture of Ganoderma lucidum IBL-05 (hereafter refer as lucidum) fungal strain, briefly 10 mL of lucidum containing 1 × 10 5 spores/mL provided with moistened (66 % w/w of Kirk's basal nutrient medium) wheat bran (5 g) was fermented at pH of 4.5 and 30 °C for 6 days. Later on, fermented mixture was diluted with 100 mL water, shaken and centrifuged. Clear supernatant was taken and saturated with slow addition of ammonium sulphate followed by overnight precipitation at 4 °C. Precipitates were collected by centrifugation whereas saturation step with supernatant was repeated thrice. The obtained pallets were dissolved in sodium malonate buffer (pH 4.5, 50 mM), dialyzed, purified through ion exchanged chromatography, concentrated and stored at-20 °C for further use.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2014
Degradation of synthetic dye reactive violet 1 in aqueous media having concentrations 10-50 mg/L ... more Degradation of synthetic dye reactive violet 1 in aqueous media having concentrations 10-50 mg/L has been carried out by UV radiation in presence of H2O2. The change in colour intensity at λmax 545 nm and chemical oxygen demand reduction was examined to evaluate the decrease in organic matter. The decrease in colour intensity was found 18, 25 and 100 % while chemical oxygen demand reduction up to 15, 25 and 55 % when solutions were treated by UV, H2O2 and UV/H2O2, respectively. The radiolytic end products were identified by FTIR and GC-MS, which revealed that advanced oxidation process had achieved the complete mineralization. The effect of different operational parameters such as initial dye concentration, UV irradiation time and concentration of hydrogen peroxide on degradation efficiency has also been evaluated. This treatment can be extended to dye containing industrial wastewater.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2014
From last few decades, there is a growing concern of chemical pollution due to their harmful effe... more From last few decades, there is a growing concern of chemical pollution due to their harmful effect on living organisms. The water bodies serve as temporary or final receptors of diverse variety of contaminants, which are consequently contaminating the watersheds and adjoining territories 1,2. The rapid stride in industrialization is a major concern which is jeopardizing the ecological balance 3. Among the damages caused by chemical agents to exposed organisms, genotoxic and mutagenic effects have shown to be worrying, which can lead to several health problems and also affect future generations due to inheritable alterations in genetic material. Genetic toxicology involved in detecting compounds capable of causing genetic damage with the aim of understanding potential biological penalty 4,5. The effluents discharged from industries enter into the water bodies in several different ways, either dumped directly, such as industrial effluents, or from wastewater treatment plants that do not fulfill their obligations. Due to universal solubility nature of water, almost all kinds of substances can be transported and distributed more easily in the water cycle 6,7,8. At present, the safe disposal of industrial wastewater is one of the major ecological challenges. Therefore, environmental degradation has now become a global problem and to main
World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering, 2012
The iron oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized in co-precipitation method using aqueous solut... more The iron oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized in co-precipitation method using aqueous solution of ferric and ferrous ions with sodium salt. The synthesis of iron-oxide nanoparticles were validated by UV-Visible spectroscopy which showed higher peak at 370 nm as valid standard reference. An average size of iron oxide nanoparticle found by diffraction light scattering (DLS) particle size analyser, ranges approximately between 10 nm to 120 nm with mean particle size of 66 nm. The X-ray power diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the crystallographic structure of magnetic particles. Characterization of the mean particle size and morphology of iron oxide nanoparticles confirmed that the iron oxide nanoparticles are nearly spherical and crystalline in shape. Further the antibacterial effect of iron oxide nanoparticles was evaluated against ten pathogenic bacteria which showed that the nanoparticles have moderate antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacterial strains and retains potential application in pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2015
Arsenic contamination in drinking water is alarming for human beings; especially for those people... more Arsenic contamination in drinking water is alarming for human beings; especially for those people who use ground water directly for drinking purposes. Attempts were made to design adsorbents for the removal of arsenic. Silica gel has been tested as adsorbent for such removal. After optimizing concentration, time and amount of adsorbent, Langmuir, Freundlich and D-R isotherms are drawn to determine different parameters for the evaluation of arsenic adsorption. Kinetics of adsorption is also calculated by using pseudo first order and pseudo second order rate equations. Zerovalent iron and manganese nanoparticles have been coated on silica gel and efficiency of removal of arsenic have been determined. Iron and manganese particles have been stabilized with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Similarly mixtures of iron-silver and manganese-silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by stabilizing with PVA, which show better efficiency than individual nanoparticles of iron and manganese coated silica gel. The newly synthesized adsorbents are very much effective for not only arsenic but also for antimicrobial activity. Concentration of arsenic in water has been determined spectrophotometrically using variamine blue as indicator.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008
Synthesis and thermomechanical characterization of polyethylene glycol-silica cristobalite compos... more Synthesis and thermomechanical characterization of polyethylene glycol-silica cristobalite composites have been successfully performed. Commercial Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 and natural-silica-sand-derived cristobalite (SiO 2) powders were used in this research. The cristobalite ceramic powder was produced by a coprecipitation method using silica sand from Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan as the raw material. XRD data analysis for the cristobalite powder showed that it contained 98.8 wt% cristobalite and 1.2 wt% tridymiteboth are polymorphs of silica. The PEG-cristobalite composition was varied in the composites at PEG weight fraction of 100, 80, 60 and 40 %. PEG and cristobalite dry powders were simply mixed and then uniaxially pressed before a heat treatment at 50 °C to form dense composite prior to characterization. Further FTIR and XRD data analyses for the densed samples showed the success of the formation of the composite. The thermomechanical properties was characterised using Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) instrument with shear mode. In general, at all measurement temperatures, the storage modulus (G') of the composites was significantly improved with the addition of cristobalite, e.g. its values for 60 % cristobalite sample was 13 times that of the pure PEG sample. The pure samples showed a rubbery plateau behaviour which was not found in the composite samples. It was also found that by increasing the amount of cristobalite, the glassy transition temperature (T g) increase from 56 °C for the pure and 68 °C for the 60 % cristobalite samples respectively.
Composite Interfaces, 2009
ABSTRACT
The methanolic extract of irradiated Curcuma longa L powder has been prepared and used to study t... more The methanolic extract of irradiated Curcuma longa L powder has been prepared and used to study the dyeing conditions and characteristics of dyed cotton fabrics. The dyeing parameters such as time, material-to-liquid ratio and salt concentration have been optimized. To improve the colour fastness, pre-and post-mordanting has been carried out using copper , iron and alum mordants. The dyed samples are subjected to CIE Lab system using spectraflash SF-650 for the evaluation of colour strength and L*, a* and b* values. Finally, ISO standard methods are employed to study the colour fastness of dyed and mordanted fabrics. It is observed that the UV-radiation not only enhances the colour strength of dye on cotton fabric but also improves the colour fastness properties of irradiated cotton using methanol solubilized extracts of pre-irradiated Curcuma longa powder.
Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) bark powder (un-irradiated and irradiated) has been used as... more Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) bark powder (un-irradiated and irradiated) has been used as natural colourant for dyeing un-irradiated and irradiated cotton fabric using different absorbed doses of Co-60 gamma irradiation to study the effect of radiation treatment on the colour strength of dyed fabrics. The data colour report is used for the evaluation of unirradiated and irradiated dyed cotton using Spectra Flash (SF-650) in CIE Lab system. Pre-and post-mordanting has also been carried out using chrome alum, potassium dichromate, copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate and stannous chloride as mordants. It is found that gamma irradiation has a potential to improve the fastness properties such as washing, light and rubbing of cotton dyed with Eucalyptus powder.
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Papers by ijaz Ahmad Bhatti