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harpreet kaur

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I am Harpreet Kaur is a Post Graduate in Microbiology from Lovely Professional University, Phagwara. Theoretical as well as practical training during graduation and post graduation encourage her to work with microorganisms and its ecology. My interest developed towards remediation of pollutants from water, soil and food material. Recently, completed studies entitled Antimicrobial effect of cow urine on Staphylococcus Aureus and Streptococcus Pyogenic, Mutagenicity Assessment of Textile Dyes of Ludhiana City Punjab, RIBOSWITCH: AN AREA OF NOVEL BREAKTHROUGH IN RNA WORLD, Punjab’s Water Crisis: A Roadmap Ahead, Physiochemical Assessment of Ludhiana Textile Industry Effluent near Buddha Nullah,3P’s-Post Pandemic Preparation Advisory, Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa , Production of ethanol from sugarcane molasses, “Casualties Caused by COVID-19 on Education System", A book the cause of ageing in women, The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of apical dominance and fertilizer application on the yield and quality of Pectomech, a variant of tomato, Acharangenetics; Behaviour Psychology as Gene Regulation tool, MICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF FOOD AND VEGETABLE OBTAINED FROM FOOD VENDORS IN KNUST AND ITS ENVIRONS. Currently, working on three more projects entitled Food and Nutrition Security in India, Governance of Punjab water, Have good working knowledge about the use of laminar air flow, autoclave, electrophoresis, UV-visible spectrophotometer. Presently, working as a Research scholar at Guru Arjan Dev Institute of Development Studies, Amritsar.

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Physiochemical Assessment of Ludhiana Textile Industry Effluent near Buddha Nullah

One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, l... more One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, large quantities of untreated wastewater lead to a rise in the water pollution level. The present study was undertaken to investigate the pollution potential of textile effluent draining into the Buddha Nullah stream of the Ludhiana district of Punjab. Discharge from various industrial outlets was collected for the study. Physicochemical analysis (pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of Buddha Nullah water was carried out. Resulting estimates revealed that the value of pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand is much higher than the recommendation of WHO and unfit for human consumption. Such discharge has to recycle even for industrial and irrigation purposes.

Mutagenicity Assessment of Textile Dyes Using AMES Test

Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage ... more Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage of chemical-based dyestuff was release into the natural surface water body (Buddha Nallah) which destroys the environment and proved to be a great ecological hazard. The workers in these industries have no control over the pace and space of exposure. Both untreated, as well as treated effluents from these industries are released into surface waters through the drainage systems. But many dyes proved to be carcinogenic to the people of Ludhiana city. A complete evaluation safety of these dyes required assessment of the mutagenicity of these dyes. Five textile dyes from Ludhiana city were collected from textile industries in the periphery of Buddha Nallah and tested for their mutagenicity by using Ames test with the strain Salmonella Typhimurium TA 100

Exploring a New Relationship between Gene Regulation and Behaviour Psychology by Employing Acharangenetics

In order to explain certain impressions, communication demeanour, emotional interaction and the a... more In order to explain certain impressions, communication demeanour, emotional interaction and the action arises is a stimulus from an individual in response to his current situation. Our social cerebrum develops this behavioural stimulus - the framework we consider to be the psyche. Psyche outcome is affected by the level of understanding of an organism on which communication or behavioural response develops. Hormones channelize this significant connectivity and intensity. Our characters are reactions generated by certain hormones in the cells of different organs. The shift in hormone convergence triggers a change in character. This article examines the different effects that hormones have on our physiological status and henceforth on our communication behaviour. All the hormones generated by the body cells are monitored and monitored by the genes present in the cell's control nucleus. It sends the signal to various hormone synthesising organs as the cerebrum (nerve centre) senses...

Bioinformatics Analysis of B. Abortus Strain 2308 Protein and Its Drug Docking

International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Brucellosis is among the fast-spreading disease on Earth causing casualties in livestock as well ... more Brucellosis is among the fast-spreading disease on Earth causing casualties in livestock as well as in humans. It’s an alarming situation to kick off the study of Brucellosis causing agent. Brucellosis is an infective sickness caused by Brucella abortus. Here, we have carried out the Insilco analysis of Brucella abortus strain 2308. This strain is mainly responsible for the disease. Here, we have tried to study the B. abortus strain 2308 by the means of bioinformatics methodology. We have run several Insilco tools to predict its structure and function. Moreover, we have carried out the methodology of protein homology modelling on this strain. Furthermore, we have also carried out several protein chain analyses, protein-protein interface, structure alignment, structure prediction and active site prediction. To make our study more productive we have also performed drug docking. These results will add on a little info in the emerging bioinformatics data regarding Brucella abortus.

Casualties Caused by COVID-19 on Education System

International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of ... more Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of COVID-19 interference. The quality of each association is down. It has given our socially interfacing network a major smash of. Every association which depends on social cooperation is closed. Likewise, as we work out how to collaborate and develop our social and communication skills, colleges and colleges are facing a lot of problems. Other than going to the instructional rehearsals change. Criticism about the presentation is weak. In this pandemic case, they need to deal with a lot of issues. The circumstance in which communication network interaction can cause disease dissemination across the network. And here in this study, in the time of COVID-19, we have discussed nearly all the problems faced by the training process. The exposer of the problem is just as critical as the development of achievement. Before and even if we know that we can't survive how many challenges we have. An agreement was required to tackle any problem. Plans are also carried out after all of the problems are understood. Then we tried to mention all the challenges that the preparation system for its resilience in the time of the pandemic had to face.

Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa

International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has a... more Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has also been known to support the world's trade economy. Hence, being a crop of such crucial importance its examinational study at the genome level will serve in multiplying its production and quality to irrigate the burning crave of humanity. Likewise, the senescence gene of rice is responsible for its age duration. Hence, understanding its property at 360° will help us to modify or to alter its function in a positive portion. Using Insilco analysis mode, the present study is an attempt to examine various characteristics conformation of senescence causing genes in rice. The two genes chosen were HCP and RR because the interaction between these two led to the onset of senescence in rice. Two genes that are HCP (Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 1) and RR (Two-component response regulator) are responsible for attaining the stage of senescence in rice. Understanding their molecular and structural property will be going to let us closer to perform successful adjustments. Moreover, their specific property is also responsible for their specific interaction which led to the generation of such signals that triggers senescence. Therefore, this analysis was aimed to understand the features of the two genes as well as their interaction by the means of computational technique. Understanding the features, function and flow of gene will lead us to stabilized effective measures in order to get a beneficiary outcome while going for alteration in its characters. As the pure data for the structural conformation of the selected genes are not available so, we have at first, searched the most similar homolog of the query sequence and the search was based on similar sequence homology on the platform of the local alignment tool. And the further analysis was carried out on the base conformation of the most relevant homologs (structure/sequence) found. We have analyzed the query gene sequence by various dry lab analysis tools to explore its structural and molecular features with the motive to contribute a little knowledge for the sake of further studies to delay senescence in rice plants in order to increase grain productivity.

Production of Ethanol from Sugarcane Molasses

International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of ... more Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of popularity. There has been worldwide research to produce ethanol from regional inexpensive substrates. The present study deals with the optimization of process parameters (viz Ph, Substrate conc, Urea conc) for ethanol production from sugar cane molasses. Sugar cane molasses are cheapest source of ethanol production it can also produce from wheat, sugar beet and corn etc. The study was carried out by process of parameter optimization. The process parameters optimized were substrate conc, pH and urea conc. The values of the process parameters are 30% substrate conc, pH 4.5 and urea conc 0.5%. Fermentation period was 7 to 8 days at 28°C.

Production of Ethanol from Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae

International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an org... more Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic chemical compound S. cerevisiae is the most employed yeast for ethanol production at the industrial level though ethanol is produced by an array of other yeasts, bacteria, and fungi. This paper reviews the current and nonmolecular trends in ethanol production using S. cerevisiae. Ethanol has been produced from a wide range of substrates such as molasses, starch-based substrate, sweet sorghum cane extract, lignocellulose, and other wastes The study was carried out on ethanol production from Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae The immobilization was done with calcium chloride and sodium alginate the beads were formed. Fermentation was carried out for 7 to 8 days at 28°C then distillation was done and final ethanol produce was checked with an alcohol meter and ethanol produce was 13% from immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The process parameters optimized were substrate conc, pH, a...

The Causes of Aging in Women

A perfect aging is one which always led to achievement of all possible goal in order to cope up w... more A perfect aging is one which always led to achievement of all possible goal in order to cope up with society such as physically dynamic in work and look. This situation is more crucial in women. To go through a successful aging is a very difficult task. It does not only include a fit body but also a healthy mind with stress handling capabilities. Moreover, in order to take a proper bond of time, one should understand its various aspects. Here, we have tried to concentrate various factors which are responsible for aging in women. Controlling this can minimise the load of aging in women's life and allows them to understand the relationship of time with their body.

Physiochemical Assessment of Ludhiana Textile Industry Effluent near Buddha Nullah

One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, l... more One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, large quantities of untreated wastewater lead to a rise in the water pollution level. The present study was undertaken to investigate the pollution potential of textile effluent draining into the Buddha Nullah stream of the Ludhiana district of Punjab. Discharge from various industrial outlets was collected for the study. Physicochemical analysis (pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of Buddha Nullah water was carried out. Resulting estimates revealed that the value of pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand is much higher than the recommendation of WHO and unfit for human consumption. Such discharge has to recycle even for industrial and irrigation purposes.

Mutagenicity Assessment of Textile Dyes Using AMES Test

Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage ... more Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage of chemical-based dyestuff was release into the natural surface water body (Buddha Nallah) which destroys the environment and proved to be a great ecological hazard. The workers in these industries have no control over the pace and space of exposure. Both untreated, as well as treated effluents from these industries are released into surface waters through the drainage systems. But many dyes proved to be carcinogenic to the people of Ludhiana city. A complete evaluation safety of these dyes required assessment of the mutagenicity of these dyes. Five textile dyes from Ludhiana city were collected from textile industries in the periphery of Buddha Nallah and tested for their mutagenicity by using Ames test with the strain Salmonella Typhimurium TA 100

MICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF FOOD AND VEGETABLE OBTAINED FROM FOOD VENDORS IN KNUST AND ITS ENVIRONS

Every food establishment aims to provide safe and nutritious food products. However, the hygienic... more Every food establishment aims to provide safe and nutritious food products. However, the hygienic standards of vendors and the foods they sell are compromised and may result in food borne diseases or intoxications when consumed. In this study, microbial load and quantity of foods such as waakye, vegetable salad and Gari and beans sold in KNUST and its environs were examined.The foods were bought from four different sites and then the total viable counts(TVC). Total coliform counts(TCC), total Staphylococcal counts(TSC),faecal coliform counts(FCC), Escherichia coli counts(ECC), and total fungal count(TFC) of the various foods were analysed at the laboratory. Microbial counts were expressed as means and the data exported to Microsoft Excel 2019.One-way analysis of variance( ANOVA) was used to assess statistically meaningful variations in microbial loads between all samples.All the samples analysed in this study had TVC above the recommended standard stated by the Ghana Standard board(< 5logCFU/g). The TCC of samples varied from 3.87±1.09logCFU/g to 5.38±1.53logCFU/g and they all did not fall within the acceptable limit(< 2logCFU/g). The FCC of samples was between 2.3±0.65logCFU/g and 6.21±1.46logCFU/g which were all above the acceptable level of contamination as well. E. coli was found in all food samples with counts ranging from 1.97±0.56logCFU/g and 5.46±1.54logCFU/g above the acceptable limit of <0.48logCFU/g. Staphylococcus spp. had 93.3% occurrence and ranged from 0 to 7.67±2.17logCFU/g. Two samples(waakye) out of this had counts within the recommended standards of contamination. The total fungal counts ranged from 1.96±0.56logCFU/g to 5.76±1.63logCFU/g. Some of the identified fungi isolated from samples include Aspergillus fumigatus (86.7%) and Aspergillus niger(66.7%), Aspergillus flavus(6.7%), and yeast(33.3%). From this study, it was evident that food sold on KNUST and its environment were contaminated where the contamination was as a result of poor hygiene practices on the part of personnel involved in food preparation. It was found that majority of food samples observed had contaminations above the acceptable levels. Both E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. identified can be responsible for food poisoning. Moulds such as A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus may produce mycotoxins which may be harmful at certain levels when consumed. There is a need for strict and implementable measures to promote food safety activity and good hygiene at the food establishment.TheFood and Drugs Authority should organise patrol teams that will occasionally visit these food establishments and assess the sanitation and hygiene standards employed in the production of ready-to-eat or street foods.

Volume: 1; Issue: 1; Pages

Undoubtedly Ghanaians consume high amounts of tomatoes, thus the need to find sustainable ways of... more Undoubtedly Ghanaians consume high amounts of tomatoes, thus the need to find sustainable ways of cultivating this vegetable to meet these high demands. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of apical dominance and fertilizer application on the yield and quality of Pectomech, a variant of tomato. A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Experimental Gardens (KNUST). The experiment was carried out with a completely randomized block design with three replications for each of the four treatments. Only one variant of tomato was subjected fertilizer application, apical dominance, a combination of the two and a control. From results obtained from inducing apical dominance by pruning; the tomato plant doesn't show strong apical dominance, thus shows more branching and bushy growth. The main aim of pruning is to maximize fruit yield. Also, careful pruning balances shoot growth and fruit production. The mean heights taken from all replications of each treatments was the major source of data used in this study. The average initial heights for both treated and control plants after 28 days of transplanting ranged from 43.6cm to 45.3cm. The mean heights for control tomato plants remained fairly stable (46.6cm) even at the third week of data collection. Tomato plants subjected to fertilizer application only attained a mean height of 48.3cm during this same time period. The difference in height between apical dominance plants (51.3cm) and apical dominance plus fertilizer application plants (51cm) during the third week was not appreciable with a narrow margin of 0.3cm favoring plants subjected to apical dominance only. Generally, plants treated with only fertilizer yielded but not as compared to plants subjected to both apical dominance plus fertilizer application. Furthermore, plants treated with only apical dominance equally gave good yields.

Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa Harpreet Kaur

Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eager of energy rice, has also ... more Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eager of energy rice, has also been known to support worlds trade economy. Hence, being a crop of such crucial importance its examinational study at genome level will serve in multiplying its production and quality to irrigate the burning crave of humanity. Likewise, the senescence gene of rice is responsible for its age duration. Hence, understanding its property at 360° will help us to modify or to alter its function in positive portion. Using Insilco analysis mode the present study is an attempt to examine various characteristics conformation of senescence causing gene in rice. The two gene chosen were HCP and RR because, the interaction in between these two led to the onset of senescence in rice. Two gene that is HCP (Histidinecontaining phosphotransfer protein 1) and RR (Two-component response regulator) are responsible for attaining the stage of senescence in rice. Understanding their molecular and structural property will be going to let us closer to perform successful adjustments. Moreover, their specific property is also responsible for their specific interaction which led to generation of such signals that triggers senescence. Therefore, this analysis was aimed to understand the features of the two genes as well as their interaction by the means of computational technique. Understanding the features, function and flow of gene will lead us to stabilized effective measure in order to get a beneficiary outcome while going for alteration in its characters. As the pure data for the structure conformation of the selected genes are not available so, we have at first, searched the most similar homolog of the query sequence and the search was based on similar sequence homology on the platform of local alignment tool. And further analysis was carried out on the base conformation of the most relevant homologs (structure/sequence) found. We have analyze the query gene sequence by various dry lab analysis tool to explore its structural and molecular features with the motive to contribute a little knowledge for the sake of further studies to delay senescence in rice plant in order to increase grain productivity.

Acharangenetics; Behaviour Psychology as Gene Regulation Tool

Behavior is satellite responses to its environment generated by our social brain-the system that ... more Behavior is satellite responses to its environment generated by our social brain-the system that we consider as mind. Mind endeavor over persuasion on which behavior develops. Our characters are responses of some hormones produce in the cell of different gland. The shift in concentration of hormones leads to change in character. This article reviews various effects of hormones on our physiological status and hence behavioural responses. All the body hormones produced by body cell are actually controlled and managed by the genes present in the cell. As the brain (hypothalamus) sense any character or any situation it sends the response to various hormone glands and the glands synthesis the protein as per the command of active gene. Depending upon various factors behavioural response shifts vary wisely. As the behavior is controlled by the hormones, the genes which are modulating hormones synthesis must be switching off and on as per response from brain. Specific hormone for the specific task of behaviour is produced under the command of brain. We have attempted to establish a relationship between behaviour and genes so that a new study should accomplish in the motive to control the gene activity by the mode of behaviour psychology. The word Acharangenetics has been coined to explain the relation of behaviour psychology and genes. The word Acharangenetics is a compound word, form by combination of two words-Acharan Hindi origin word meaning behaviour and the second word is genetics-the study of heredity.

Casualties Caused by COVID-19 on Education System

Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of ... more Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of COVID-19 interference. The quality of each association is down. It has given our socially interfacing network a major smash of. Every association which depends on social cooperation is closed. Likewise, as we work out how to collaborate and develop our social and communication skills, colleges and colleges are facing a lot of problems. Other than going to the instructional rehearsals change. Criticism about the presentation is weak. In this pandemic case, they need to deal with a lot of issues. The circumstance in which communication network interaction can cause disease dissemination across the network. And here in this study, in the time of COVID-19, we have discussed nearly all the problems faced by the training process. The exposer of the problem is just as critical as the development of achievement. Before and even if we know that we can't survive how many challenges we have. An agreement was required to tackle any problem. Plans are also carried out after all of the problems are understood. Then we tried to mention all the challenges that the preparation system for its resilience in the time of the pandemic had to face.

Production of Ethanol from Sugarcane Molasses

Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of ... more Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of popularity. There has been worldwide research to produce ethanol from regional inexpensive substrates. The present study deals with the optimization of process parameters (viz Ph, Substrate conc, Urea conc) for ethanol production from sugar cane molasses. Sugar cane molasses are cheapest source of ethanol production it can also produce from wheat, sugar beet and corn etc. The study was carried out by process of parameter optimization. The process parameters optimized were substrate conc, pH and urea conc. The values of the process parameters are 30% substrate conc, pH 4.5 and urea conc 0.5%. Fermentation period was 7 to 8 days at 28°C. Keywords-Ethanol, Wheat, Sugar beet and cornet, pH 4.5 and urea conc 0.5%.

Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa

Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has a... more Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has also been known to support the world's trade economy. Hence, being a crop of such crucial importance its examinational study at the genome level will serve in multiplying its production and quality to irrigate the burning crave of humanity. Likewise, the senescence gene of rice is responsible for its age duration. Hence, understanding its property at 360° will help us to modify or to alter its function in a positive portion. Using Insilco analysis mode, the present study is an attempt to examine various characteristics conformation of senescence causing genes in rice. The two genes chosen were HCP and RR because the interaction between these two led to the onset of senescence in rice. Two genes that are HCP (Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 1) and RR (Two-component response regulator) are responsible for attaining the stage of senescence in rice. Understanding their molecular and structural property will be going to let us closer to perform successful adjustments. Moreover, their specific property is also responsible for their specific interaction which led to the generation of such signals that triggers senescence. Therefore, this analysis was aimed to understand the features of the two genes as well as their interaction by the means of computational technique. Understanding the features, function and flow of gene will lead us to stabilized effective measures in order to get a beneficiary outcome while going for alteration in its characters. As the pure data for the structural conformation of the selected genes are not available so, we have at first, searched the most similar homolog of the query sequence and the search was based on similar sequence homology on the platform of the local alignment tool. And the further analysis was carried out on the base conformation of the most relevant homologs (structure/sequence) found. We have analyzed the query gene sequence by various dry lab analysis tools to explore its structural and molecular features with the motive to contribute a little knowledge for the sake of further studies to delay senescence in rice plants in order to increase grain productivity.

Original Research Antimicrobial effect of cow urine on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogene

Background: Infectious diseases impose significant risk to the public health regardless of incred... more Background: Infectious diseases impose significant risk to the public health regardless of incredible growth in human medicine. Cow urine is an effective antibacterial substance against a variety of pathogenic microorganism. Hence; the present study was undertaken for assessing the antimicrobial effect of cow urine on Staphylococcus aureusand Streptococcus pyogene. Materials & methods: For the antimicrobial assessment, disease free cow urine was collected. A sterile container was used for collecting free cow urine from local cattle yard. In a sealed glass bottle, fresh cow urine was kept in sunlight for a time period of three days (seventy two hours) before the starting of the experiment, with the aim of making cow urine photo activated. Experimental Staphylococcus aureusand Streptococcus pyogene cultured were obtained from microbiology laboratory. Agar well diffusion method was used for assessing the antibacterial efficacy of cow urine. Also simultaneous pouring of bacterial strains in 2 vials each containing 1 ml of cow urine was done. Assessment of optical density (OD) was done after every one hour. Results: Mean zone of inhibition in relation to Staphylococcus test samples was 21.5 mm while in relation to Streptococcus pyogenes, it was found to be 20.9 mm respectively. The declines in the O.D values indicated that the cow urine is showing its antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: Cow urine possesses remarkable antibacterial activity.

RIBOSWITCH: AN AREA OF NOVEL BREAKTHROUGH IN RNA WORLD

Fundamentally, riboswitches are known to be highly structured and conserved metabolite binding do... more Fundamentally, riboswitches are known to be highly structured and conserved metabolite binding domains, known to be aptamer, which are locus within mRNAs. When we talk about RNA world, riboswitches are ranked among the trending topics. Since its discovery from 2002, there is a large amount of feature disclosed till now and thanks to computational analysis this finding are increasing every year with a fast rate. This work club up the information regarding new findings within the field of riboswitches, which include data about its new classes discovery and its application in the field of gene regulation mechanism, medical science, inter-cellular signalling, biosensors and many more.

Physiochemical Assessment of Ludhiana Textile Industry Effluent near Buddha Nullah

One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, l... more One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, large quantities of untreated wastewater lead to a rise in the water pollution level. The present study was undertaken to investigate the pollution potential of textile effluent draining into the Buddha Nullah stream of the Ludhiana district of Punjab. Discharge from various industrial outlets was collected for the study. Physicochemical analysis (pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of Buddha Nullah water was carried out. Resulting estimates revealed that the value of pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand is much higher than the recommendation of WHO and unfit for human consumption. Such discharge has to recycle even for industrial and irrigation purposes.

Mutagenicity Assessment of Textile Dyes Using AMES Test

Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage ... more Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage of chemical-based dyestuff was release into the natural surface water body (Buddha Nallah) which destroys the environment and proved to be a great ecological hazard. The workers in these industries have no control over the pace and space of exposure. Both untreated, as well as treated effluents from these industries are released into surface waters through the drainage systems. But many dyes proved to be carcinogenic to the people of Ludhiana city. A complete evaluation safety of these dyes required assessment of the mutagenicity of these dyes. Five textile dyes from Ludhiana city were collected from textile industries in the periphery of Buddha Nallah and tested for their mutagenicity by using Ames test with the strain Salmonella Typhimurium TA 100

Exploring a New Relationship between Gene Regulation and Behaviour Psychology by Employing Acharangenetics

In order to explain certain impressions, communication demeanour, emotional interaction and the a... more In order to explain certain impressions, communication demeanour, emotional interaction and the action arises is a stimulus from an individual in response to his current situation. Our social cerebrum develops this behavioural stimulus - the framework we consider to be the psyche. Psyche outcome is affected by the level of understanding of an organism on which communication or behavioural response develops. Hormones channelize this significant connectivity and intensity. Our characters are reactions generated by certain hormones in the cells of different organs. The shift in hormone convergence triggers a change in character. This article examines the different effects that hormones have on our physiological status and henceforth on our communication behaviour. All the hormones generated by the body cells are monitored and monitored by the genes present in the cell's control nucleus. It sends the signal to various hormone synthesising organs as the cerebrum (nerve centre) senses...

Bioinformatics Analysis of B. Abortus Strain 2308 Protein and Its Drug Docking

International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Brucellosis is among the fast-spreading disease on Earth causing casualties in livestock as well ... more Brucellosis is among the fast-spreading disease on Earth causing casualties in livestock as well as in humans. It’s an alarming situation to kick off the study of Brucellosis causing agent. Brucellosis is an infective sickness caused by Brucella abortus. Here, we have carried out the Insilco analysis of Brucella abortus strain 2308. This strain is mainly responsible for the disease. Here, we have tried to study the B. abortus strain 2308 by the means of bioinformatics methodology. We have run several Insilco tools to predict its structure and function. Moreover, we have carried out the methodology of protein homology modelling on this strain. Furthermore, we have also carried out several protein chain analyses, protein-protein interface, structure alignment, structure prediction and active site prediction. To make our study more productive we have also performed drug docking. These results will add on a little info in the emerging bioinformatics data regarding Brucella abortus.

Casualties Caused by COVID-19 on Education System

International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of ... more Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of COVID-19 interference. The quality of each association is down. It has given our socially interfacing network a major smash of. Every association which depends on social cooperation is closed. Likewise, as we work out how to collaborate and develop our social and communication skills, colleges and colleges are facing a lot of problems. Other than going to the instructional rehearsals change. Criticism about the presentation is weak. In this pandemic case, they need to deal with a lot of issues. The circumstance in which communication network interaction can cause disease dissemination across the network. And here in this study, in the time of COVID-19, we have discussed nearly all the problems faced by the training process. The exposer of the problem is just as critical as the development of achievement. Before and even if we know that we can't survive how many challenges we have. An agreement was required to tackle any problem. Plans are also carried out after all of the problems are understood. Then we tried to mention all the challenges that the preparation system for its resilience in the time of the pandemic had to face.

Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa

International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has a... more Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has also been known to support the world's trade economy. Hence, being a crop of such crucial importance its examinational study at the genome level will serve in multiplying its production and quality to irrigate the burning crave of humanity. Likewise, the senescence gene of rice is responsible for its age duration. Hence, understanding its property at 360° will help us to modify or to alter its function in a positive portion. Using Insilco analysis mode, the present study is an attempt to examine various characteristics conformation of senescence causing genes in rice. The two genes chosen were HCP and RR because the interaction between these two led to the onset of senescence in rice. Two genes that are HCP (Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 1) and RR (Two-component response regulator) are responsible for attaining the stage of senescence in rice. Understanding their molecular and structural property will be going to let us closer to perform successful adjustments. Moreover, their specific property is also responsible for their specific interaction which led to the generation of such signals that triggers senescence. Therefore, this analysis was aimed to understand the features of the two genes as well as their interaction by the means of computational technique. Understanding the features, function and flow of gene will lead us to stabilized effective measures in order to get a beneficiary outcome while going for alteration in its characters. As the pure data for the structural conformation of the selected genes are not available so, we have at first, searched the most similar homolog of the query sequence and the search was based on similar sequence homology on the platform of the local alignment tool. And the further analysis was carried out on the base conformation of the most relevant homologs (structure/sequence) found. We have analyzed the query gene sequence by various dry lab analysis tools to explore its structural and molecular features with the motive to contribute a little knowledge for the sake of further studies to delay senescence in rice plants in order to increase grain productivity.

Production of Ethanol from Sugarcane Molasses

International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of ... more Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of popularity. There has been worldwide research to produce ethanol from regional inexpensive substrates. The present study deals with the optimization of process parameters (viz Ph, Substrate conc, Urea conc) for ethanol production from sugar cane molasses. Sugar cane molasses are cheapest source of ethanol production it can also produce from wheat, sugar beet and corn etc. The study was carried out by process of parameter optimization. The process parameters optimized were substrate conc, pH and urea conc. The values of the process parameters are 30% substrate conc, pH 4.5 and urea conc 0.5%. Fermentation period was 7 to 8 days at 28°C.

Production of Ethanol from Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae

International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an org... more Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic chemical compound S. cerevisiae is the most employed yeast for ethanol production at the industrial level though ethanol is produced by an array of other yeasts, bacteria, and fungi. This paper reviews the current and nonmolecular trends in ethanol production using S. cerevisiae. Ethanol has been produced from a wide range of substrates such as molasses, starch-based substrate, sweet sorghum cane extract, lignocellulose, and other wastes The study was carried out on ethanol production from Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae The immobilization was done with calcium chloride and sodium alginate the beads were formed. Fermentation was carried out for 7 to 8 days at 28°C then distillation was done and final ethanol produce was checked with an alcohol meter and ethanol produce was 13% from immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The process parameters optimized were substrate conc, pH, a...

The Causes of Aging in Women

A perfect aging is one which always led to achievement of all possible goal in order to cope up w... more A perfect aging is one which always led to achievement of all possible goal in order to cope up with society such as physically dynamic in work and look. This situation is more crucial in women. To go through a successful aging is a very difficult task. It does not only include a fit body but also a healthy mind with stress handling capabilities. Moreover, in order to take a proper bond of time, one should understand its various aspects. Here, we have tried to concentrate various factors which are responsible for aging in women. Controlling this can minimise the load of aging in women's life and allows them to understand the relationship of time with their body.

Physiochemical Assessment of Ludhiana Textile Industry Effluent near Buddha Nullah

One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, l... more One of the major contributors to pollution problems in India is Textile effluent. Coupled with, large quantities of untreated wastewater lead to a rise in the water pollution level. The present study was undertaken to investigate the pollution potential of textile effluent draining into the Buddha Nullah stream of the Ludhiana district of Punjab. Discharge from various industrial outlets was collected for the study. Physicochemical analysis (pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of Buddha Nullah water was carried out. Resulting estimates revealed that the value of pH, water temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand is much higher than the recommendation of WHO and unfit for human consumption. Such discharge has to recycle even for industrial and irrigation purposes.

Mutagenicity Assessment of Textile Dyes Using AMES Test

Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage ... more Ludhiana city of Punjab is famous for its dyeing and printing of textile fabric. Increased usage of chemical-based dyestuff was release into the natural surface water body (Buddha Nallah) which destroys the environment and proved to be a great ecological hazard. The workers in these industries have no control over the pace and space of exposure. Both untreated, as well as treated effluents from these industries are released into surface waters through the drainage systems. But many dyes proved to be carcinogenic to the people of Ludhiana city. A complete evaluation safety of these dyes required assessment of the mutagenicity of these dyes. Five textile dyes from Ludhiana city were collected from textile industries in the periphery of Buddha Nallah and tested for their mutagenicity by using Ames test with the strain Salmonella Typhimurium TA 100

MICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF FOOD AND VEGETABLE OBTAINED FROM FOOD VENDORS IN KNUST AND ITS ENVIRONS

Every food establishment aims to provide safe and nutritious food products. However, the hygienic... more Every food establishment aims to provide safe and nutritious food products. However, the hygienic standards of vendors and the foods they sell are compromised and may result in food borne diseases or intoxications when consumed. In this study, microbial load and quantity of foods such as waakye, vegetable salad and Gari and beans sold in KNUST and its environs were examined.The foods were bought from four different sites and then the total viable counts(TVC). Total coliform counts(TCC), total Staphylococcal counts(TSC),faecal coliform counts(FCC), Escherichia coli counts(ECC), and total fungal count(TFC) of the various foods were analysed at the laboratory. Microbial counts were expressed as means and the data exported to Microsoft Excel 2019.One-way analysis of variance( ANOVA) was used to assess statistically meaningful variations in microbial loads between all samples.All the samples analysed in this study had TVC above the recommended standard stated by the Ghana Standard board(< 5logCFU/g). The TCC of samples varied from 3.87±1.09logCFU/g to 5.38±1.53logCFU/g and they all did not fall within the acceptable limit(< 2logCFU/g). The FCC of samples was between 2.3±0.65logCFU/g and 6.21±1.46logCFU/g which were all above the acceptable level of contamination as well. E. coli was found in all food samples with counts ranging from 1.97±0.56logCFU/g and 5.46±1.54logCFU/g above the acceptable limit of <0.48logCFU/g. Staphylococcus spp. had 93.3% occurrence and ranged from 0 to 7.67±2.17logCFU/g. Two samples(waakye) out of this had counts within the recommended standards of contamination. The total fungal counts ranged from 1.96±0.56logCFU/g to 5.76±1.63logCFU/g. Some of the identified fungi isolated from samples include Aspergillus fumigatus (86.7%) and Aspergillus niger(66.7%), Aspergillus flavus(6.7%), and yeast(33.3%). From this study, it was evident that food sold on KNUST and its environment were contaminated where the contamination was as a result of poor hygiene practices on the part of personnel involved in food preparation. It was found that majority of food samples observed had contaminations above the acceptable levels. Both E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. identified can be responsible for food poisoning. Moulds such as A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus may produce mycotoxins which may be harmful at certain levels when consumed. There is a need for strict and implementable measures to promote food safety activity and good hygiene at the food establishment.TheFood and Drugs Authority should organise patrol teams that will occasionally visit these food establishments and assess the sanitation and hygiene standards employed in the production of ready-to-eat or street foods.

Volume: 1; Issue: 1; Pages

Undoubtedly Ghanaians consume high amounts of tomatoes, thus the need to find sustainable ways of... more Undoubtedly Ghanaians consume high amounts of tomatoes, thus the need to find sustainable ways of cultivating this vegetable to meet these high demands. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of apical dominance and fertilizer application on the yield and quality of Pectomech, a variant of tomato. A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Experimental Gardens (KNUST). The experiment was carried out with a completely randomized block design with three replications for each of the four treatments. Only one variant of tomato was subjected fertilizer application, apical dominance, a combination of the two and a control. From results obtained from inducing apical dominance by pruning; the tomato plant doesn't show strong apical dominance, thus shows more branching and bushy growth. The main aim of pruning is to maximize fruit yield. Also, careful pruning balances shoot growth and fruit production. The mean heights taken from all replications of each treatments was the major source of data used in this study. The average initial heights for both treated and control plants after 28 days of transplanting ranged from 43.6cm to 45.3cm. The mean heights for control tomato plants remained fairly stable (46.6cm) even at the third week of data collection. Tomato plants subjected to fertilizer application only attained a mean height of 48.3cm during this same time period. The difference in height between apical dominance plants (51.3cm) and apical dominance plus fertilizer application plants (51cm) during the third week was not appreciable with a narrow margin of 0.3cm favoring plants subjected to apical dominance only. Generally, plants treated with only fertilizer yielded but not as compared to plants subjected to both apical dominance plus fertilizer application. Furthermore, plants treated with only apical dominance equally gave good yields.

Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa Harpreet Kaur

Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eager of energy rice, has also ... more Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eager of energy rice, has also been known to support worlds trade economy. Hence, being a crop of such crucial importance its examinational study at genome level will serve in multiplying its production and quality to irrigate the burning crave of humanity. Likewise, the senescence gene of rice is responsible for its age duration. Hence, understanding its property at 360° will help us to modify or to alter its function in positive portion. Using Insilco analysis mode the present study is an attempt to examine various characteristics conformation of senescence causing gene in rice. The two gene chosen were HCP and RR because, the interaction in between these two led to the onset of senescence in rice. Two gene that is HCP (Histidinecontaining phosphotransfer protein 1) and RR (Two-component response regulator) are responsible for attaining the stage of senescence in rice. Understanding their molecular and structural property will be going to let us closer to perform successful adjustments. Moreover, their specific property is also responsible for their specific interaction which led to generation of such signals that triggers senescence. Therefore, this analysis was aimed to understand the features of the two genes as well as their interaction by the means of computational technique. Understanding the features, function and flow of gene will lead us to stabilized effective measure in order to get a beneficiary outcome while going for alteration in its characters. As the pure data for the structure conformation of the selected genes are not available so, we have at first, searched the most similar homolog of the query sequence and the search was based on similar sequence homology on the platform of local alignment tool. And further analysis was carried out on the base conformation of the most relevant homologs (structure/sequence) found. We have analyze the query gene sequence by various dry lab analysis tool to explore its structural and molecular features with the motive to contribute a little knowledge for the sake of further studies to delay senescence in rice plant in order to increase grain productivity.

Acharangenetics; Behaviour Psychology as Gene Regulation Tool

Behavior is satellite responses to its environment generated by our social brain-the system that ... more Behavior is satellite responses to its environment generated by our social brain-the system that we consider as mind. Mind endeavor over persuasion on which behavior develops. Our characters are responses of some hormones produce in the cell of different gland. The shift in concentration of hormones leads to change in character. This article reviews various effects of hormones on our physiological status and hence behavioural responses. All the body hormones produced by body cell are actually controlled and managed by the genes present in the cell. As the brain (hypothalamus) sense any character or any situation it sends the response to various hormone glands and the glands synthesis the protein as per the command of active gene. Depending upon various factors behavioural response shifts vary wisely. As the behavior is controlled by the hormones, the genes which are modulating hormones synthesis must be switching off and on as per response from brain. Specific hormone for the specific task of behaviour is produced under the command of brain. We have attempted to establish a relationship between behaviour and genes so that a new study should accomplish in the motive to control the gene activity by the mode of behaviour psychology. The word Acharangenetics has been coined to explain the relation of behaviour psychology and genes. The word Acharangenetics is a compound word, form by combination of two words-Acharan Hindi origin word meaning behaviour and the second word is genetics-the study of heredity.

Casualties Caused by COVID-19 on Education System

Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of ... more Ascend from obliteration above, brief details on setbacks required. We have to tolerate a lot of COVID-19 interference. The quality of each association is down. It has given our socially interfacing network a major smash of. Every association which depends on social cooperation is closed. Likewise, as we work out how to collaborate and develop our social and communication skills, colleges and colleges are facing a lot of problems. Other than going to the instructional rehearsals change. Criticism about the presentation is weak. In this pandemic case, they need to deal with a lot of issues. The circumstance in which communication network interaction can cause disease dissemination across the network. And here in this study, in the time of COVID-19, we have discussed nearly all the problems faced by the training process. The exposer of the problem is just as critical as the development of achievement. Before and even if we know that we can't survive how many challenges we have. An agreement was required to tackle any problem. Plans are also carried out after all of the problems are understood. Then we tried to mention all the challenges that the preparation system for its resilience in the time of the pandemic had to face.

Production of Ethanol from Sugarcane Molasses

Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of ... more Ethanol is a potential energy source and its production from renewable biomass has gained lot of popularity. There has been worldwide research to produce ethanol from regional inexpensive substrates. The present study deals with the optimization of process parameters (viz Ph, Substrate conc, Urea conc) for ethanol production from sugar cane molasses. Sugar cane molasses are cheapest source of ethanol production it can also produce from wheat, sugar beet and corn etc. The study was carried out by process of parameter optimization. The process parameters optimized were substrate conc, pH and urea conc. The values of the process parameters are 30% substrate conc, pH 4.5 and urea conc 0.5%. Fermentation period was 7 to 8 days at 28°C. Keywords-Ethanol, Wheat, Sugar beet and cornet, pH 4.5 and urea conc 0.5%.

Annotation of Plant Genome: A Case Study of Oryza sativa

Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has a... more Rice! A perennial claim crop of the world. Besides satisfying the eagerness of energy rice, has also been known to support the world's trade economy. Hence, being a crop of such crucial importance its examinational study at the genome level will serve in multiplying its production and quality to irrigate the burning crave of humanity. Likewise, the senescence gene of rice is responsible for its age duration. Hence, understanding its property at 360° will help us to modify or to alter its function in a positive portion. Using Insilco analysis mode, the present study is an attempt to examine various characteristics conformation of senescence causing genes in rice. The two genes chosen were HCP and RR because the interaction between these two led to the onset of senescence in rice. Two genes that are HCP (Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 1) and RR (Two-component response regulator) are responsible for attaining the stage of senescence in rice. Understanding their molecular and structural property will be going to let us closer to perform successful adjustments. Moreover, their specific property is also responsible for their specific interaction which led to the generation of such signals that triggers senescence. Therefore, this analysis was aimed to understand the features of the two genes as well as their interaction by the means of computational technique. Understanding the features, function and flow of gene will lead us to stabilized effective measures in order to get a beneficiary outcome while going for alteration in its characters. As the pure data for the structural conformation of the selected genes are not available so, we have at first, searched the most similar homolog of the query sequence and the search was based on similar sequence homology on the platform of the local alignment tool. And the further analysis was carried out on the base conformation of the most relevant homologs (structure/sequence) found. We have analyzed the query gene sequence by various dry lab analysis tools to explore its structural and molecular features with the motive to contribute a little knowledge for the sake of further studies to delay senescence in rice plants in order to increase grain productivity.

Original Research Antimicrobial effect of cow urine on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogene

Background: Infectious diseases impose significant risk to the public health regardless of incred... more Background: Infectious diseases impose significant risk to the public health regardless of incredible growth in human medicine. Cow urine is an effective antibacterial substance against a variety of pathogenic microorganism. Hence; the present study was undertaken for assessing the antimicrobial effect of cow urine on Staphylococcus aureusand Streptococcus pyogene. Materials & methods: For the antimicrobial assessment, disease free cow urine was collected. A sterile container was used for collecting free cow urine from local cattle yard. In a sealed glass bottle, fresh cow urine was kept in sunlight for a time period of three days (seventy two hours) before the starting of the experiment, with the aim of making cow urine photo activated. Experimental Staphylococcus aureusand Streptococcus pyogene cultured were obtained from microbiology laboratory. Agar well diffusion method was used for assessing the antibacterial efficacy of cow urine. Also simultaneous pouring of bacterial strains in 2 vials each containing 1 ml of cow urine was done. Assessment of optical density (OD) was done after every one hour. Results: Mean zone of inhibition in relation to Staphylococcus test samples was 21.5 mm while in relation to Streptococcus pyogenes, it was found to be 20.9 mm respectively. The declines in the O.D values indicated that the cow urine is showing its antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: Cow urine possesses remarkable antibacterial activity.

RIBOSWITCH: AN AREA OF NOVEL BREAKTHROUGH IN RNA WORLD

Fundamentally, riboswitches are known to be highly structured and conserved metabolite binding do... more Fundamentally, riboswitches are known to be highly structured and conserved metabolite binding domains, known to be aptamer, which are locus within mRNAs. When we talk about RNA world, riboswitches are ranked among the trending topics. Since its discovery from 2002, there is a large amount of feature disclosed till now and thanks to computational analysis this finding are increasing every year with a fast rate. This work club up the information regarding new findings within the field of riboswitches, which include data about its new classes discovery and its application in the field of gene regulation mechanism, medical science, inter-cellular signalling, biosensors and many more.