International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, Sep 1, 1978
Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecoiogic malignancies had '% lactose br... more Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecoiogic malignancies had '% lactose breath tests performed in the first and fifth weeks of theii treatment. The "C lactose breath test was performed by administering 2 pCi of "C lactose by mouth along with 5Og of lactose. Breath samples were collected in ethanolk hyamine 1, 2 and 3 hr later; the radioactivity of the trapped "CO2 was determined by liquid scintillation spectroscopy. In the first week of treatment the percentage of administered "C excreted as "CO* at 1, 2 and 3 hr was 1.7 20.8% (mean 2 SD), 4.5" 1.6% and 5.8-t 1.496, respectively. In the Bfth week of treatment the 1-hr, 2&r and 3-hr values were 1.2+ 0.9%, 3.6 + 2.0% and 4.7-C 1.99b, respectively. The difference between the Brst week and fifth week test results at 1, 2, and 3 hr was statistically signiftcant (t = 2.64, p < 0.02), (I = 2.24, p C O.OS), (t = 2.95, p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between the 1-hr "C lactose breath test results in the fifth week and the stool frequency at that time (r =-0.44, p < 0.05). Seven of 12 fratients whose 1 hr "C lactose breath teat results in the fifth week were below normal (< 1.2%) had nausea at that thne. The data suggest that in some patients, lactose malabsorption as a result of the effect of radiation on small intestinal function may be etiologkally related to the symptoms of nausea and diarrhea which occur commonly in patients who are undergoing pelvic irradiation. In addition, the results suggest that lacture-coutainiag foods should he restricted in some patients who are undergoing pelvic irradiation to prevent symptoms resulting from radiation-induced lactose intolerance. Irradiation, Small intestinal function.
Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis hadcholy... more Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis hadcholyl] 1_ 14 C] glycine breath tests to assess ileal function. Breath tests were performed on each patientin the first andfifth weeksof treatment and 19 of the patients hada thirdtest threemonths post-treatment. Inthe first test, 29.9 ± 16.8% (mean ± SD) of the administered dosewasexcreted in breath 14C in 24 hours. Thisroseto 47.3 ± 15.9% (t = 6.08; p <.001) in the fifth week andfell to 36.3 ± 16% (t =2.29; p < .05) at three months post-treatment. Eight patients hadbreath tests performed one year post-treatment andthe test percentages were 32.7 ± 7.8% (t = 1.19; P > .10). The increase in 14C0 2 excretion in the fifth week of treatment occurred at a time whenmost patients were having diarrhea. Thedatasuggest that bile acid malabsorption due to ileal dysfunction may be a factor in radiation-induced diarrheawhich occurs in nearly all patientsduringpelvic irradiation.
Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecologic malignancies had ¹â´C-lactos... more Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecologic malignancies had ¹â´C-lactose breath tests performed in the first and fifth weeks of their treatment. The ¹â´C-lactose breath test was performed by administering 2 ..mu..Ci of ¹â´C-lactose by mouth along with 50 g of lactose. Breath samples were collected in ethanolic hyamine 1, 2, and 3 hr later; the radioactivity of the trapped ¹â´COâ was determined by liquid scintillation spectroscopy. In the first week of treatment the percentage of administered ¹â´C excreted as ¹â´COâ at 1, 2, and 3 hr was 1.7 +- 0.8% (mean +- SD), 4.5 +- 1.6%, and 5.8 +- 1.4%, respectively. In the fifth week of treatment the 1-hr, 2-hr, and 3-hr values were 1.2 +- 0.9%, 3.6 +- 2.0%, and 4.7 +- 1.9%, respectively. The difference between the first week and fifth week test results at 1, 2, and 3 hr was statistically significant (t = 2.64, p < 0.02), (t = 2.24, p < 0.05), (t = 2.95, p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation b...
Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis had chol... more Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis had cholyl(1-¹â´C)glycine breath tests to assess ileal function. Breath tests were performed on each patient in the first and fifth weeks of treatment and 19 of the patients had a third test three months post-treatment. In the first test, 29.9 +- 16.8 percent (mean +- SD) of the administered dose was excreted in breath ¹â´C in 24 hours. This rose to 47.3 +- 15.9 percent (t = 6.08; p less than .001) in the fifth week and fell to 36.3 +- 16 percent (t = 2.29; p less than .05) at three months post-treatment. Eight patients had breath tests performed one year post-treatment and the test percentages were 32.7 +- 7.8 percent (t = 1.19; p greater than .10). The increase in ¹â´COâ excretion in the fifth week of treatment occurred at a time when most patients were having diarrhea. The data suggest that bile acid malabsorption due to ileal dysfunction may be a factor in radiation-induced diarrhea wh...
... In the narrative of Deborah that follows the Ehud narrative the word די appears at the conclu... more ... In the narrative of Deborah that follows the Ehud narrative the word די appears at the conclusion of the Song of Deborah, describing the way that Jael kills Sisera: הדי דתיל , her hand to the peg, she stretched, and her right hand to the hammer of the laborers, and hammered ...
Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 2005
The phenomenon of bilingual wordplay implies that the biblical narratives are intended for sophis... more The phenomenon of bilingual wordplay implies that the biblical narratives are intended for sophisticated people, since the common people did not understand Aramaic (II Reg 18,26 = Isa 36,11).
Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 2006
Abstract Close reading of the pericope of the Holiness Code suggests that sabbath to which the Ho... more Abstract Close reading of the pericope of the Holiness Code suggests that sabbath to which the Holiness Code refers when it mandates that the first sheaf of barley be offered in the presence of YHWH תבשח תרחממ, on the morrow of the Sabbath (Lev 23,11–17), is Passover, so that the morrow of the Sabbath is the first day of the festival of Unleavened Bread. The elevation offering echoes the way that the Israelites leave Egypt »with elevated hand« (Ex 14,8; Num 33,3) and the date of the offering, which usually occurs before most of the barley in the land of Israel ripens, commemorates the exodus. Abstract Une lecture littérale de la péricope du »Code de Sainteté« suggère que le sabbat auquel il est ici fait référence est la fête de la Pâque, puisqu'il prescrit que la première gerbe d'orge soit offerte à YHWH le jour suivant le sabbat תבשח תרחממ (Lév 23,11–17); ainsi le jour suivant ce sabbat doit correspondre au premier jour de la fête du Pain azyme. Le sacrifice d'élévation se réfère à la manière dont les Hébreux sortirent d'Égypte, »la main haute« (Ex 14,8; cp. Num 33,3), et la date de l'offrande, qui a habituellement lieu lorsque la majeure partie de l'orge est mûre au pays d'Israël, commémore l'Exode. Abstract Eine wortgetreue Lesung dieser Perikope des Heiligkeitsgesetzes legt es nahe, dass der Sabbat, auf den sich das Heiligkeitsgesetz bezieht, wenn es anordnet, dass die erste Gerstengarbe vor JHWH darzubringen sei am Tag nach dem Sabbat תבשח תרחממ (Lev 23,11–17), das Passafest ist, so dass der Tag nach dem Sabbat der erste Tag des Festes der ungesäuerten Brote sein muss. Das Hebopfer/Schwingopfer klingt an die Weise an, in der die Israeliten Ägypten verlassen »mit erhobener Hand« (Ex 14,8; Num 33.3), und der Zeitpunkt der Darbringung, die gewöhnlich erfolgt, bevor der größte Teil der Gerste im Land Israels gereift ist, erinnert an den Exodus.
L'article suggere qu'un des principaux objectifs du premier recit de la Creation etait de... more L'article suggere qu'un des principaux objectifs du premier recit de la Creation etait de decrire la creation du pays d'Israel, ordonnant qu'il soit repeuple et conquis apres l'exil a Babylone. En cela, il annonce le second recit de la Creation, qui sous-entend que le jardin d'Eden est comme Jerusalem ; le recit de la faute originelle annonce, lui, la destruction du temple. Cela implique que la Bible presente une inclusion, le theme du recit de la Creation etant le meme que celui des derniers chapitres des Chroniques, ou Cyrus exige des Judeens de retourner en Judee pour y construire le temple.
L'etude de la formule we'eleh toledot, voici la posterite/descendance , qui apparait 11 f... more L'etude de la formule we'eleh toledot, voici la posterite/descendance , qui apparait 11 fois en Gen., nous suggere que le patriarche central en Genese est Terah, l'ancetre non seulement d'Abraham, mais des 4 matriarches, puisque la sixieme fois ou la formule apparait est en association avec sa posterite. La formule revient une douzieme fois, en Nb 3, 1, ou elle renvoie a la descendance d'Aaron et de Moise. Le fait que la premiere et la derniere fois ou la formule apparait en Genese relie 1' histoire des cieux et de la terre avec celle de Jacob souligne l'importance des Hebreux. Toutefois, la presence d'une 12 e citation, en Nb 3, 1, implique que le redacteur du Tetrateuque considerait que les Aaronides, qui suivaient la loi de Moise, facilitaient l'union des cieux et de la terre impliquee par la 1 re citation, au commencement de Gn. L'etude des utilisations de la formule suggere que le Tetrateuque temoigne de l'ascendant des Aaronides, peu...
La realización de esta investigación tiene como nalidad demostrar los factores que in uyen en el ... more La realización de esta investigación tiene como nalidad demostrar los factores que in uyen en el abandono escolar de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Idiomas de la División Académica de Educación y Artes en la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Llamando nuestra atención el aumento del índice de abandono escolar en los últimos semestres, aun cuando la carrera cuente con altas expectativas laborales tanto nacional como internacional, permitiendo abrir puertas a un mayor número de posibilidades de estudios, trabajo, con la responsabilidad social que conlleva ser competente en el marco internacional de Nuestra Amada Universidad. Es así que el incremento en este índice preocupa y ocupa para la realización de la presente investigación, en la que se pretende contar con un panorama que permita la reflexión y el análisis en la búsqueda de posibles soluciones a esta problemática.
The effect of diet on the rate of enterohepatic recycling and bile acid kinetics was studied in g... more The effect of diet on the rate of enterohepatic recycling and bile acid kinetics was studied in groups of human subjects by reducing dietary protein and fat. The effect on enterohepatic cycling was assessed indirectly in control subjects, in patients with cholesterol cholelithiasis, and in patients with cholecystectomy by comparing output of breath 14-CO2 after the administration of a trace of cholyl [1-14-C]glycine during two periods: a control period when three meals containing protein and fat were eaten daily and a diet period, when protein and fat were excluded from the diet. Breath 14-CO2 output was not altered by diet in the patients with cholecystectomy. In the healthy subjects and in the patients with cholesterol cholelithiasis breath 14-CO2 output fell by approximately 50%, indicating that decreased endogenous cholecystokinin-pancreozymin stimulation had reduced but not eliminated enterohepatic recycling. Bile acid kinetics after administration of [2,4-3-H]cholic acid and [24-14-C]chenodeoxycholic acid were measured in 6 healthy subjects during a control period, when they ate a diet containing three daily meals containing fat and protein, and again not less than 4 months later during the 4th week of a diet during which they ate only one meal containing fat and protein every other day. tthe pool size of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid rose significantly during the diet as did the total bile acid pool size. The daily fractional turnover rate of both primary bile acids fell significantly during the diet, but their synthesis rate was not significantly changed. It is concluded that (1) significant enterohepatic circulation of bile acids occurs even in the absence of dietary stimuli for gallbladder contraction; and (2) diet may significantly affect bile acid pool size and fractional turnover, while bile acid synthesis remains essentially unchanged.
We developed four radioimmunoassay procedures for the determination of glycine-conjugated bile ac... more We developed four radioimmunoassay procedures for the determination of glycine-conjugated bile acids in serum. Antibodies to two primary bile acids, cholylgycine and chenodeoxycholylglycine, and to two secondary bile acids, sulfolithocholylglycine and deoxycholylglycine, were raised in rabbits after the acids were covalently linked to albumin by use of the carbodiimide reaction. Assay sensitivity for each of these bile acids is in the picomole range with the standard curve extending from 10-80 pmol. The concentration of bile acids in serum increased in various states of liver disease and its measurement appears to be an extremely sensitive indicator of liver function.
Rats pretreated with three agents known to stimulate cytochrome P-448-associated enzymes, 2,3,7,8... more Rats pretreated with three agents known to stimulate cytochrome P-448-associated enzymes, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), and Aroclor 1254 were studied with a 14CO2 breath analysis technique after administration of [14C-dimethyl]aminoazobenzene (DMAB). The half-life of breath 14CO2 after [14C]DMAB administration was significantly decreased in the TCDD-, 3MC-, and Aroclor 1254-treated rats compared with controls. In vitro studies indicated that DMAB N-demethylase was increased by these three agents. Phenobarbital, an inducer of cytochrome P-450-associated enzymes, had no effect on 14CO2 half-life or on DMAB N-demethylase. Studies with [14C]aminopyrine, a cytochrome P-450 substrate, showed that TCDD and 3MC had no effect on 14CO2 half-life or aminopyrine N-demethylase; Aroclor 1254 and phenobarbital decreased 14CO2 half-life and stimulated aminopyrine N-demethylase. The data suggest that a [14C]DMAB breath analysis technique may be useful for in vivo studies of inducers of cytochrome P-448.
Fig. 1. Comparison of maximum GTP breath 14CO. activity showing clear differentiation between pat... more Fig. 1. Comparison of maximum GTP breath 14CO. activity showing clear differentiation between patients with and without steatorrhoea. Misclassification probabilities were calculated using 16 per cent as the lower limit of normal, resulting in a total of only two (4.8 %) false negative and three (8.3 %) false positive results. Reproducability for the test was confirmed by demonstrating a highly significant correlation (r = 0.92, p<O.OOl) between initial and repeated tests in a randomly selected population of 10 patients. Intestinal disease causes malabsorption of both GTP and PA whereas pancreatic disease leads to maldigestion of GTP alone. Therefore by calculating the ratio GTP:PA in the patients with steatorrhoea it may be possible to differentiate intestinal from pancreatic groups. On examination there was a highly significant difference between the ratios for the pancreatic group compared to both control and intestinal groups when examined separately (p<O.OOI). The lower limit ofnormal for the GTP:PA THE measurement of fat balance is an essential stage in the investigation of malabsorption. However, the daily collection of faeces is demanding and unpleasant for patient, nursing and laboratory staff alike. Also failure to control dietary fat intake, incomplete stool collections and analytical problems in the laboratory all contribute to the variable faecal fat results often obtained in clinical practice. A test of fat absorption was therefore evaluated using 14C-labelled Glyceryl Tripalmitate (GTP) given orally and measuring breath "CO. activity as the index of absorption. The test was conducted as previously described (Bhatia et al., 1969). Briefly, 51! Ci of GTP in arachis oil (The Radiochemical Centre, Amersham) were mixed with Ig. per kg. body weight of corn oil (flavoured with orange) and given orally after an overnight fast. At hourly intervals up to six hours patients exhaled into a simple breath sampler unit containing alkaline hyamine solution which traps one millimole of CO. as noted by decolouration of an indicator. Radioactivity is then measured by liquid scintillation counting and results expressed as percentage of the administered dose per millimole CO.. To correct for varying endogenous CO. production the result is multiplied by the body weight in kilograms. The test was repeated in a similar manner one week later using 14C-Palmitic Acid (PA). A three day stool collection for faecal fat was examined in conjunction with the breath tests, whilst the patient was taking a 100 gram fat diet. 24.6 mmoI. (7g.) of faecal fat per 24 hours was accepted as the upper limit of normal.
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, Sep 1, 1978
Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecoiogic malignancies had '% lactose br... more Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecoiogic malignancies had '% lactose breath tests performed in the first and fifth weeks of theii treatment. The "C lactose breath test was performed by administering 2 pCi of "C lactose by mouth along with 5Og of lactose. Breath samples were collected in ethanolk hyamine 1, 2 and 3 hr later; the radioactivity of the trapped "CO2 was determined by liquid scintillation spectroscopy. In the first week of treatment the percentage of administered "C excreted as "CO* at 1, 2 and 3 hr was 1.7 20.8% (mean 2 SD), 4.5" 1.6% and 5.8-t 1.496, respectively. In the Bfth week of treatment the 1-hr, 2&r and 3-hr values were 1.2+ 0.9%, 3.6 + 2.0% and 4.7-C 1.99b, respectively. The difference between the Brst week and fifth week test results at 1, 2, and 3 hr was statistically signiftcant (t = 2.64, p < 0.02), (I = 2.24, p C O.OS), (t = 2.95, p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between the 1-hr "C lactose breath test results in the fifth week and the stool frequency at that time (r =-0.44, p < 0.05). Seven of 12 fratients whose 1 hr "C lactose breath teat results in the fifth week were below normal (< 1.2%) had nausea at that thne. The data suggest that in some patients, lactose malabsorption as a result of the effect of radiation on small intestinal function may be etiologkally related to the symptoms of nausea and diarrhea which occur commonly in patients who are undergoing pelvic irradiation. In addition, the results suggest that lacture-coutainiag foods should he restricted in some patients who are undergoing pelvic irradiation to prevent symptoms resulting from radiation-induced lactose intolerance. Irradiation, Small intestinal function.
Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis hadcholy... more Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis hadcholyl] 1_ 14 C] glycine breath tests to assess ileal function. Breath tests were performed on each patientin the first andfifth weeksof treatment and 19 of the patients hada thirdtest threemonths post-treatment. Inthe first test, 29.9 ± 16.8% (mean ± SD) of the administered dosewasexcreted in breath 14C in 24 hours. Thisroseto 47.3 ± 15.9% (t = 6.08; p <.001) in the fifth week andfell to 36.3 ± 16% (t =2.29; p < .05) at three months post-treatment. Eight patients hadbreath tests performed one year post-treatment andthe test percentages were 32.7 ± 7.8% (t = 1.19; P > .10). The increase in 14C0 2 excretion in the fifth week of treatment occurred at a time whenmost patients were having diarrhea. Thedatasuggest that bile acid malabsorption due to ileal dysfunction may be a factor in radiation-induced diarrheawhich occurs in nearly all patientsduringpelvic irradiation.
Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecologic malignancies had ¹â´C-lactos... more Twenty-four patients undergoing pelvic irradiation for gynecologic malignancies had ¹â´C-lactose breath tests performed in the first and fifth weeks of their treatment. The ¹â´C-lactose breath test was performed by administering 2 ..mu..Ci of ¹â´C-lactose by mouth along with 50 g of lactose. Breath samples were collected in ethanolic hyamine 1, 2, and 3 hr later; the radioactivity of the trapped ¹â´COâ was determined by liquid scintillation spectroscopy. In the first week of treatment the percentage of administered ¹â´C excreted as ¹â´COâ at 1, 2, and 3 hr was 1.7 +- 0.8% (mean +- SD), 4.5 +- 1.6%, and 5.8 +- 1.4%, respectively. In the fifth week of treatment the 1-hr, 2-hr, and 3-hr values were 1.2 +- 0.9%, 3.6 +- 2.0%, and 4.7 +- 1.9%, respectively. The difference between the first week and fifth week test results at 1, 2, and 3 hr was statistically significant (t = 2.64, p < 0.02), (t = 2.24, p < 0.05), (t = 2.95, p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation b...
Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis had chol... more Thirty-three patients with gynecological neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy to the pelvis had cholyl(1-¹â´C)glycine breath tests to assess ileal function. Breath tests were performed on each patient in the first and fifth weeks of treatment and 19 of the patients had a third test three months post-treatment. In the first test, 29.9 +- 16.8 percent (mean +- SD) of the administered dose was excreted in breath ¹â´C in 24 hours. This rose to 47.3 +- 15.9 percent (t = 6.08; p less than .001) in the fifth week and fell to 36.3 +- 16 percent (t = 2.29; p less than .05) at three months post-treatment. Eight patients had breath tests performed one year post-treatment and the test percentages were 32.7 +- 7.8 percent (t = 1.19; p greater than .10). The increase in ¹â´COâ excretion in the fifth week of treatment occurred at a time when most patients were having diarrhea. The data suggest that bile acid malabsorption due to ileal dysfunction may be a factor in radiation-induced diarrhea wh...
... In the narrative of Deborah that follows the Ehud narrative the word די appears at the conclu... more ... In the narrative of Deborah that follows the Ehud narrative the word די appears at the conclusion of the Song of Deborah, describing the way that Jael kills Sisera: הדי דתיל , her hand to the peg, she stretched, and her right hand to the hammer of the laborers, and hammered ...
Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 2005
The phenomenon of bilingual wordplay implies that the biblical narratives are intended for sophis... more The phenomenon of bilingual wordplay implies that the biblical narratives are intended for sophisticated people, since the common people did not understand Aramaic (II Reg 18,26 = Isa 36,11).
Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 2006
Abstract Close reading of the pericope of the Holiness Code suggests that sabbath to which the Ho... more Abstract Close reading of the pericope of the Holiness Code suggests that sabbath to which the Holiness Code refers when it mandates that the first sheaf of barley be offered in the presence of YHWH תבשח תרחממ, on the morrow of the Sabbath (Lev 23,11–17), is Passover, so that the morrow of the Sabbath is the first day of the festival of Unleavened Bread. The elevation offering echoes the way that the Israelites leave Egypt »with elevated hand« (Ex 14,8; Num 33,3) and the date of the offering, which usually occurs before most of the barley in the land of Israel ripens, commemorates the exodus. Abstract Une lecture littérale de la péricope du »Code de Sainteté« suggère que le sabbat auquel il est ici fait référence est la fête de la Pâque, puisqu'il prescrit que la première gerbe d'orge soit offerte à YHWH le jour suivant le sabbat תבשח תרחממ (Lév 23,11–17); ainsi le jour suivant ce sabbat doit correspondre au premier jour de la fête du Pain azyme. Le sacrifice d'élévation se réfère à la manière dont les Hébreux sortirent d'Égypte, »la main haute« (Ex 14,8; cp. Num 33,3), et la date de l'offrande, qui a habituellement lieu lorsque la majeure partie de l'orge est mûre au pays d'Israël, commémore l'Exode. Abstract Eine wortgetreue Lesung dieser Perikope des Heiligkeitsgesetzes legt es nahe, dass der Sabbat, auf den sich das Heiligkeitsgesetz bezieht, wenn es anordnet, dass die erste Gerstengarbe vor JHWH darzubringen sei am Tag nach dem Sabbat תבשח תרחממ (Lev 23,11–17), das Passafest ist, so dass der Tag nach dem Sabbat der erste Tag des Festes der ungesäuerten Brote sein muss. Das Hebopfer/Schwingopfer klingt an die Weise an, in der die Israeliten Ägypten verlassen »mit erhobener Hand« (Ex 14,8; Num 33.3), und der Zeitpunkt der Darbringung, die gewöhnlich erfolgt, bevor der größte Teil der Gerste im Land Israels gereift ist, erinnert an den Exodus.
L'article suggere qu'un des principaux objectifs du premier recit de la Creation etait de... more L'article suggere qu'un des principaux objectifs du premier recit de la Creation etait de decrire la creation du pays d'Israel, ordonnant qu'il soit repeuple et conquis apres l'exil a Babylone. En cela, il annonce le second recit de la Creation, qui sous-entend que le jardin d'Eden est comme Jerusalem ; le recit de la faute originelle annonce, lui, la destruction du temple. Cela implique que la Bible presente une inclusion, le theme du recit de la Creation etant le meme que celui des derniers chapitres des Chroniques, ou Cyrus exige des Judeens de retourner en Judee pour y construire le temple.
L'etude de la formule we'eleh toledot, voici la posterite/descendance , qui apparait 11 f... more L'etude de la formule we'eleh toledot, voici la posterite/descendance , qui apparait 11 fois en Gen., nous suggere que le patriarche central en Genese est Terah, l'ancetre non seulement d'Abraham, mais des 4 matriarches, puisque la sixieme fois ou la formule apparait est en association avec sa posterite. La formule revient une douzieme fois, en Nb 3, 1, ou elle renvoie a la descendance d'Aaron et de Moise. Le fait que la premiere et la derniere fois ou la formule apparait en Genese relie 1' histoire des cieux et de la terre avec celle de Jacob souligne l'importance des Hebreux. Toutefois, la presence d'une 12 e citation, en Nb 3, 1, implique que le redacteur du Tetrateuque considerait que les Aaronides, qui suivaient la loi de Moise, facilitaient l'union des cieux et de la terre impliquee par la 1 re citation, au commencement de Gn. L'etude des utilisations de la formule suggere que le Tetrateuque temoigne de l'ascendant des Aaronides, peu...
La realización de esta investigación tiene como nalidad demostrar los factores que in uyen en el ... more La realización de esta investigación tiene como nalidad demostrar los factores que in uyen en el abandono escolar de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Idiomas de la División Académica de Educación y Artes en la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Llamando nuestra atención el aumento del índice de abandono escolar en los últimos semestres, aun cuando la carrera cuente con altas expectativas laborales tanto nacional como internacional, permitiendo abrir puertas a un mayor número de posibilidades de estudios, trabajo, con la responsabilidad social que conlleva ser competente en el marco internacional de Nuestra Amada Universidad. Es así que el incremento en este índice preocupa y ocupa para la realización de la presente investigación, en la que se pretende contar con un panorama que permita la reflexión y el análisis en la búsqueda de posibles soluciones a esta problemática.
The effect of diet on the rate of enterohepatic recycling and bile acid kinetics was studied in g... more The effect of diet on the rate of enterohepatic recycling and bile acid kinetics was studied in groups of human subjects by reducing dietary protein and fat. The effect on enterohepatic cycling was assessed indirectly in control subjects, in patients with cholesterol cholelithiasis, and in patients with cholecystectomy by comparing output of breath 14-CO2 after the administration of a trace of cholyl [1-14-C]glycine during two periods: a control period when three meals containing protein and fat were eaten daily and a diet period, when protein and fat were excluded from the diet. Breath 14-CO2 output was not altered by diet in the patients with cholecystectomy. In the healthy subjects and in the patients with cholesterol cholelithiasis breath 14-CO2 output fell by approximately 50%, indicating that decreased endogenous cholecystokinin-pancreozymin stimulation had reduced but not eliminated enterohepatic recycling. Bile acid kinetics after administration of [2,4-3-H]cholic acid and [24-14-C]chenodeoxycholic acid were measured in 6 healthy subjects during a control period, when they ate a diet containing three daily meals containing fat and protein, and again not less than 4 months later during the 4th week of a diet during which they ate only one meal containing fat and protein every other day. tthe pool size of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid rose significantly during the diet as did the total bile acid pool size. The daily fractional turnover rate of both primary bile acids fell significantly during the diet, but their synthesis rate was not significantly changed. It is concluded that (1) significant enterohepatic circulation of bile acids occurs even in the absence of dietary stimuli for gallbladder contraction; and (2) diet may significantly affect bile acid pool size and fractional turnover, while bile acid synthesis remains essentially unchanged.
We developed four radioimmunoassay procedures for the determination of glycine-conjugated bile ac... more We developed four radioimmunoassay procedures for the determination of glycine-conjugated bile acids in serum. Antibodies to two primary bile acids, cholylgycine and chenodeoxycholylglycine, and to two secondary bile acids, sulfolithocholylglycine and deoxycholylglycine, were raised in rabbits after the acids were covalently linked to albumin by use of the carbodiimide reaction. Assay sensitivity for each of these bile acids is in the picomole range with the standard curve extending from 10-80 pmol. The concentration of bile acids in serum increased in various states of liver disease and its measurement appears to be an extremely sensitive indicator of liver function.
Rats pretreated with three agents known to stimulate cytochrome P-448-associated enzymes, 2,3,7,8... more Rats pretreated with three agents known to stimulate cytochrome P-448-associated enzymes, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), and Aroclor 1254 were studied with a 14CO2 breath analysis technique after administration of [14C-dimethyl]aminoazobenzene (DMAB). The half-life of breath 14CO2 after [14C]DMAB administration was significantly decreased in the TCDD-, 3MC-, and Aroclor 1254-treated rats compared with controls. In vitro studies indicated that DMAB N-demethylase was increased by these three agents. Phenobarbital, an inducer of cytochrome P-450-associated enzymes, had no effect on 14CO2 half-life or on DMAB N-demethylase. Studies with [14C]aminopyrine, a cytochrome P-450 substrate, showed that TCDD and 3MC had no effect on 14CO2 half-life or aminopyrine N-demethylase; Aroclor 1254 and phenobarbital decreased 14CO2 half-life and stimulated aminopyrine N-demethylase. The data suggest that a [14C]DMAB breath analysis technique may be useful for in vivo studies of inducers of cytochrome P-448.
Fig. 1. Comparison of maximum GTP breath 14CO. activity showing clear differentiation between pat... more Fig. 1. Comparison of maximum GTP breath 14CO. activity showing clear differentiation between patients with and without steatorrhoea. Misclassification probabilities were calculated using 16 per cent as the lower limit of normal, resulting in a total of only two (4.8 %) false negative and three (8.3 %) false positive results. Reproducability for the test was confirmed by demonstrating a highly significant correlation (r = 0.92, p<O.OOl) between initial and repeated tests in a randomly selected population of 10 patients. Intestinal disease causes malabsorption of both GTP and PA whereas pancreatic disease leads to maldigestion of GTP alone. Therefore by calculating the ratio GTP:PA in the patients with steatorrhoea it may be possible to differentiate intestinal from pancreatic groups. On examination there was a highly significant difference between the ratios for the pancreatic group compared to both control and intestinal groups when examined separately (p<O.OOI). The lower limit ofnormal for the GTP:PA THE measurement of fat balance is an essential stage in the investigation of malabsorption. However, the daily collection of faeces is demanding and unpleasant for patient, nursing and laboratory staff alike. Also failure to control dietary fat intake, incomplete stool collections and analytical problems in the laboratory all contribute to the variable faecal fat results often obtained in clinical practice. A test of fat absorption was therefore evaluated using 14C-labelled Glyceryl Tripalmitate (GTP) given orally and measuring breath "CO. activity as the index of absorption. The test was conducted as previously described (Bhatia et al., 1969). Briefly, 51! Ci of GTP in arachis oil (The Radiochemical Centre, Amersham) were mixed with Ig. per kg. body weight of corn oil (flavoured with orange) and given orally after an overnight fast. At hourly intervals up to six hours patients exhaled into a simple breath sampler unit containing alkaline hyamine solution which traps one millimole of CO. as noted by decolouration of an indicator. Radioactivity is then measured by liquid scintillation counting and results expressed as percentage of the administered dose per millimole CO.. To correct for varying endogenous CO. production the result is multiplied by the body weight in kilograms. The test was repeated in a similar manner one week later using 14C-Palmitic Acid (PA). A three day stool collection for faecal fat was examined in conjunction with the breath tests, whilst the patient was taking a 100 gram fat diet. 24.6 mmoI. (7g.) of faecal fat per 24 hours was accepted as the upper limit of normal.
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