Journal of Research in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
The Indonesian Government introduced the 2013 Curriculum as an attempt to improve education withi... more The Indonesian Government introduced the 2013 Curriculum as an attempt to improve education within Indonesia. International comparisons showed that mathematics was a subject in which there was much room for improvement. As it is now ten years since the introduction of the new curriculum, it is time to review its implementation. A key element of the 2013 curriculum is using the Scientific Approach (observing, asking, exploring, associating, and communicating) as the fundamental pedagogy with a general emphasis on active learning. This study explores the extent to which this has been implemented within the classroom by utilizing various data sources, including student focus group discussions, classroom observations, documentation reviews and teacher interviews. This produced a multi-dimensional data set which reveals that ten years on from its introduction, the implementation of the Scientific approach in mathematics is, at best, inconsistent. In practice, there is still a great relia...
Journal of Research in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
According to the Permendikbud 1 No. 65 of 2013 on the standard processes of teaching and learning... more According to the Permendikbud 1 No. 65 of 2013 on the standard processes of teaching and learning, implementation of the 2013 Curriculum should use the Scientific Approach as the main pedagogical strategy for all subjects, including mathematics. The Scientific Approach to teaching has similarities with the scientific method used in scientific research (see, for example, Tang et al., 2010 and(Edmund, 1994)). In this article, the phrase "the Scientific Approach" is
Teaching Mathematics and its Applications: An International Journal of the IMA
This paper explores the differential engagement of engineering students with mathematics support ... more This paper explores the differential engagement of engineering students with mathematics support at Coventry University. Mathematics support is an additional help in mathematics that is offered to all students at the University, and engagement with such support is voluntary. Attendance records show that, whilst many students do engage with mathematics support, there are others who do not, even though their results indicate that they might benefit from so doing. Previous studies of engagement with mathematics support have either treated the student cohort as a whole or explored the effect of a single demographic factor such as age or gender. This paper investigates the effect of a range of demographic factors on the engagement of engineering students with mathematics support.
STEM outreach programmes in secondary schools are mediated by STEM teachers who are responsible f... more STEM outreach programmes in secondary schools are mediated by STEM teachers who are responsible for organising, implementing and evaluating the activities with a view to promoting STEM subjects. However, research investigating teachers’ STEM roles and professional development through participation in outreach activities is limited. This paper explores teachers’ views of STEM activities, how they understand their role as primary facilitators and the impact of their STEM engagement on their professional development. STEM outreach provides distinct opportunities for situated and dialogic learning. STEM teachers’ effectiveness in engaging students by demonstrating the importance and relevance of STEM subjects in the real world and engaging captivating STEM outreach partners not only supports students learning but also enhances their opportunities to develop their knowledge and skills. Semi structured interviews were conducted with eleven teachers from six different schools in the West M...
2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - Pacific Rim, 2007
CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots have been fabricated by decomposing three novel diselonophosphinate... more CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots have been fabricated by decomposing three novel diselonophosphinate single source precursors. The absorption spectrum, and photoluminescence spectrum and lifetime have been measured in each case. The photoluminescence spectra reveal the usual peak associated with band-edge recombination and a second strong peak at shorter wavelengths, attributed to recombination from higher lying energy levels. The photoluminescence lifetime associated with these short wavelength peaks is of the order of 1 ns and comparable to the lifetime of band-edge emission.
We report the photorefractive performance of a polymer composite sensitized by CdSe/ZnS core/shel... more We report the photorefractive performance of a polymer composite sensitized by CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanoparticles, and also comprising poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and an electro-optic chromophore. The nanoparticles are characterized by absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and powder x-ray diffraction. The electro-optic response of the composite is measured independently of the photorefractive effect by transmission ellipsometry. An asymmetric two-beam coupling gain of 30.6+/-0.4 cm(-1) is obtained, confirming photorefractivity. Degenerate four-wave mixing is used to assess photorefractive performance and, at a poling field of 70 V microm(-1), yields a diffraction efficiency of 4.21%+/-0.03%, a holographic contrast of 3.05 x 10(-4)+/-1 x 10(-6), a space-charge rise time of 25+/-2 s, and a sensitivity of 4.7 x 10(-5)+/-4 x 10(-6) cm3 J(-1). These results constitute a significant improvement on the performance of previous nanopa...
A photorefractive polymer composite has been sensitized by three different types of CdSe/ZnS core... more A photorefractive polymer composite has been sensitized by three different types of CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanoparticles, which are of similar sizes and nominally of the same composition but different in detail. The composites comprise the nanoparticles, poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and the electro-optic chromophore 1-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4nitrophenylazo) benzene. The nanoparticles are characterized by elemental analysis, absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The electro-optic response of the composites is measured by transmission ellipsometry, photorefractivity is confirmed by two-beam coupling, and photorefractive performance is determined by degenerate four wave mixing. The results indicate that, even for ostensibly similar nanoparticles, small differences in composition have a significant effect on the photorefractive performance.
In this paper we report the electric field dependence of the photoluminescence emission from CdSe... more In this paper we report the electric field dependence of the photoluminescence emission from CdSe and CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanoparticle sensitized photorefractive polymer devices. For the CdSe sensitized device the observed field dependence is attributed to tunneling of holes out of the nanoparticles and their partial recapture, while for the CdSe/ZnS sensitized device the ZnS shell was found to suppress the
We investigate the impact of surface character, shape and size of CdSe particles on their electro... more We investigate the impact of surface character, shape and size of CdSe particles on their electrostatic and structural properties and discuss consequences for their role as sensitizers. Other than previous theoretical studies which have focussed on a fixed particle shape and a small set of sizes we systematically investigate a large set of more than a thousand nanocrystals with different shapes, sizes, and aspect ratios. This novel approach allows us to draw conclusions on significant correlations of the relevant properties of these crystals with shape, surface character and size. In particular, we find significant differences between the properties of approximately spherically shaped particles, and particles with well defined surfaces along crystal planes but also between particles of the latter class. A surprisingly strong impact of the specific shape and surface configuration is found for the internal structure well inside the crystal as measured by bond lengths correlated with coordination numbers.
The performance of a photorefractive polymer composite sensitized by 1-hexadecylamine capped CdSe... more The performance of a photorefractive polymer composite sensitized by 1-hexadecylamine capped CdSe nanoparticles is reported. The polymer composite also comprises the charge transporting matrix poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and the electro-optic chromophore 1-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4-nitrophenylazo) benzene. At an applied field of 70?V?µ m-1 two beam coupling gain of 13.2?cm-1 was observed, confirming the photorefractive nature of the induced grating. At the same field, a holographic
We report on the absorbance and photoluminescence spectra of photorefractive polymer composites s... more We report on the absorbance and photoluminescence spectra of photorefractive polymer composites sensitized by three different types of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle is passivated by 1-hexadecylamine (HDA) and the composites also consist of the charge transporting matrix poly(N-...
Journal of Research in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
The Indonesian Government introduced the 2013 Curriculum as an attempt to improve education withi... more The Indonesian Government introduced the 2013 Curriculum as an attempt to improve education within Indonesia. International comparisons showed that mathematics was a subject in which there was much room for improvement. As it is now ten years since the introduction of the new curriculum, it is time to review its implementation. A key element of the 2013 curriculum is using the Scientific Approach (observing, asking, exploring, associating, and communicating) as the fundamental pedagogy with a general emphasis on active learning. This study explores the extent to which this has been implemented within the classroom by utilizing various data sources, including student focus group discussions, classroom observations, documentation reviews and teacher interviews. This produced a multi-dimensional data set which reveals that ten years on from its introduction, the implementation of the Scientific approach in mathematics is, at best, inconsistent. In practice, there is still a great relia...
Journal of Research in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
According to the Permendikbud 1 No. 65 of 2013 on the standard processes of teaching and learning... more According to the Permendikbud 1 No. 65 of 2013 on the standard processes of teaching and learning, implementation of the 2013 Curriculum should use the Scientific Approach as the main pedagogical strategy for all subjects, including mathematics. The Scientific Approach to teaching has similarities with the scientific method used in scientific research (see, for example, Tang et al., 2010 and(Edmund, 1994)). In this article, the phrase "the Scientific Approach" is
Teaching Mathematics and its Applications: An International Journal of the IMA
This paper explores the differential engagement of engineering students with mathematics support ... more This paper explores the differential engagement of engineering students with mathematics support at Coventry University. Mathematics support is an additional help in mathematics that is offered to all students at the University, and engagement with such support is voluntary. Attendance records show that, whilst many students do engage with mathematics support, there are others who do not, even though their results indicate that they might benefit from so doing. Previous studies of engagement with mathematics support have either treated the student cohort as a whole or explored the effect of a single demographic factor such as age or gender. This paper investigates the effect of a range of demographic factors on the engagement of engineering students with mathematics support.
STEM outreach programmes in secondary schools are mediated by STEM teachers who are responsible f... more STEM outreach programmes in secondary schools are mediated by STEM teachers who are responsible for organising, implementing and evaluating the activities with a view to promoting STEM subjects. However, research investigating teachers’ STEM roles and professional development through participation in outreach activities is limited. This paper explores teachers’ views of STEM activities, how they understand their role as primary facilitators and the impact of their STEM engagement on their professional development. STEM outreach provides distinct opportunities for situated and dialogic learning. STEM teachers’ effectiveness in engaging students by demonstrating the importance and relevance of STEM subjects in the real world and engaging captivating STEM outreach partners not only supports students learning but also enhances their opportunities to develop their knowledge and skills. Semi structured interviews were conducted with eleven teachers from six different schools in the West M...
2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - Pacific Rim, 2007
CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots have been fabricated by decomposing three novel diselonophosphinate... more CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots have been fabricated by decomposing three novel diselonophosphinate single source precursors. The absorption spectrum, and photoluminescence spectrum and lifetime have been measured in each case. The photoluminescence spectra reveal the usual peak associated with band-edge recombination and a second strong peak at shorter wavelengths, attributed to recombination from higher lying energy levels. The photoluminescence lifetime associated with these short wavelength peaks is of the order of 1 ns and comparable to the lifetime of band-edge emission.
We report the photorefractive performance of a polymer composite sensitized by CdSe/ZnS core/shel... more We report the photorefractive performance of a polymer composite sensitized by CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanoparticles, and also comprising poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and an electro-optic chromophore. The nanoparticles are characterized by absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and powder x-ray diffraction. The electro-optic response of the composite is measured independently of the photorefractive effect by transmission ellipsometry. An asymmetric two-beam coupling gain of 30.6+/-0.4 cm(-1) is obtained, confirming photorefractivity. Degenerate four-wave mixing is used to assess photorefractive performance and, at a poling field of 70 V microm(-1), yields a diffraction efficiency of 4.21%+/-0.03%, a holographic contrast of 3.05 x 10(-4)+/-1 x 10(-6), a space-charge rise time of 25+/-2 s, and a sensitivity of 4.7 x 10(-5)+/-4 x 10(-6) cm3 J(-1). These results constitute a significant improvement on the performance of previous nanopa...
A photorefractive polymer composite has been sensitized by three different types of CdSe/ZnS core... more A photorefractive polymer composite has been sensitized by three different types of CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanoparticles, which are of similar sizes and nominally of the same composition but different in detail. The composites comprise the nanoparticles, poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and the electro-optic chromophore 1-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4nitrophenylazo) benzene. The nanoparticles are characterized by elemental analysis, absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The electro-optic response of the composites is measured by transmission ellipsometry, photorefractivity is confirmed by two-beam coupling, and photorefractive performance is determined by degenerate four wave mixing. The results indicate that, even for ostensibly similar nanoparticles, small differences in composition have a significant effect on the photorefractive performance.
In this paper we report the electric field dependence of the photoluminescence emission from CdSe... more In this paper we report the electric field dependence of the photoluminescence emission from CdSe and CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanoparticle sensitized photorefractive polymer devices. For the CdSe sensitized device the observed field dependence is attributed to tunneling of holes out of the nanoparticles and their partial recapture, while for the CdSe/ZnS sensitized device the ZnS shell was found to suppress the
We investigate the impact of surface character, shape and size of CdSe particles on their electro... more We investigate the impact of surface character, shape and size of CdSe particles on their electrostatic and structural properties and discuss consequences for their role as sensitizers. Other than previous theoretical studies which have focussed on a fixed particle shape and a small set of sizes we systematically investigate a large set of more than a thousand nanocrystals with different shapes, sizes, and aspect ratios. This novel approach allows us to draw conclusions on significant correlations of the relevant properties of these crystals with shape, surface character and size. In particular, we find significant differences between the properties of approximately spherically shaped particles, and particles with well defined surfaces along crystal planes but also between particles of the latter class. A surprisingly strong impact of the specific shape and surface configuration is found for the internal structure well inside the crystal as measured by bond lengths correlated with coordination numbers.
The performance of a photorefractive polymer composite sensitized by 1-hexadecylamine capped CdSe... more The performance of a photorefractive polymer composite sensitized by 1-hexadecylamine capped CdSe nanoparticles is reported. The polymer composite also comprises the charge transporting matrix poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and the electro-optic chromophore 1-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4-nitrophenylazo) benzene. At an applied field of 70?V?µ m-1 two beam coupling gain of 13.2?cm-1 was observed, confirming the photorefractive nature of the induced grating. At the same field, a holographic
We report on the absorbance and photoluminescence spectra of photorefractive polymer composites s... more We report on the absorbance and photoluminescence spectra of photorefractive polymer composites sensitized by three different types of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle is passivated by 1-hexadecylamine (HDA) and the composites also consist of the charge transporting matrix poly(N-...
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