Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, Feb 28, 2022
The present study aimed to synthesize the CuO-MCM-41-Ag nanocomposites by hydrothermal method and... more The present study aimed to synthesize the CuO-MCM-41-Ag nanocomposites by hydrothermal method and evaluate their antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. The synergistic effects of the transition metal-based nanocomposites are supposed to possess highly strong antimicrobial actions. SEM and TEM analyzed the morphological features of the synthesized Copper xide-MCM-41-silver nanocomposites. According to these morphological analyses, the biosynthesized CuO-MCM-41-silver nanocomposites are composed of regularly distributed hexagonal-shaped particles in aggregated form. The crystallinity of the prepared nanocomposites was confirmed through the XRD technique. From the FTIR results, the peaks obtained are closely Si-OH deformational vibrations, stretching vibrations of the surface Si-O2 groups, and various other groups. The antibacterial activity of nanocomposites was evaluated on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It was monitored that the MIC of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli was 0.135 mL-1. The nanocomposites synthesized by the hydrothermal study were good antibacterial against specific gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains.
Background: Aging is the irreversible change in the human physiology which occurs with the passag... more Background: Aging is the irreversible change in the human physiology which occurs with the passage of time and it becomes very much critical to recommend drugs among the geriatrics patients because their body response is quite different. Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to assess and evaluate the potentially inappropriate medications among the geriatric patients at the tertiary care Hospital of Larkana Sindh which is the biggest Hospital in the Northern Part of Sindh. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted which included the 500 patients aged more than 60 years. The data was collected from the patients' case charts and the questionnaire distributed among the patients. BEERS′ criteria was used to detect the frequency of chronic disorders in geriatric patients and appraise the polypharmacy. Results: The male patients were 42.6% and the female patients were 57.4%. The inappropriate medication use (IMU) was observed among 22.6% patients. Inappropriate antibiotics were seen in 35.39%, Benzodiazepine 28.32%, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 15.04%, cardiovascular system (CVS) drugs 12.39% of patients. Parenteral route of administration was observed in 70.04% of patients. Conclusion: Polypharmacy is highly prevalent in the prescriptions of geriatrics patients, due to certain reasons like a chronic disease. Clinical Pharmacist can be better placed to provide his professional activities in this context.
The novel COVID-19 was perceived to be the virus of respiratory tract but the current study is ba... more The novel COVID-19 was perceived to be the virus of respiratory tract but the current study is based to assess and identify its effect on the rest of the organs of the body A cross sectional study was made and the total 200 patients were recruited in the current study using sample purposive technique The sample was taken by using the WHO sample size determination software The sample included 79% male and 21% female and the most affect age group is the 50-59 years old, which makes 57 5% of the total and the group less age affected was the 18-29 years old, that was 1 5% The lungs affected patients were about 43% followed by the blood tissue complications (19 5%) It was concluded from the study that it was total misconception that the Novel COVID-19 only affects the lungs besides it also affects other organs of the body
Aim: To investigate the different antileishmanial activities of extracts of Cassia Fistula L., Mo... more Aim: To investigate the different antileishmanial activities of extracts of Cassia Fistula L., Morus Nigra L. and Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. Methodology: In this method, three (03) plants having concentrations between 500 – 2000 µg/mL were subjected to KWH23 strains of L. tropica in which Standard drug was Amphotericin B and have negative control for 24 – 48 hours. To check the in-vivo studies, plant extract was tested on BALB/c mice (Iqbal et al., 2016). Results: It showed that inhibition (mean) of KWH23 strains at 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 µg/mL after 48 hours were 92.1 ± 0.02, 95.00 ± 0.05, 97.09 ± 0.07 and 98.05 ± 0.05 % respectively. It decreased the lesion size (mean) from 0.8 ± 0.1 mm to 0.40 ± 0.2 mm having significance value p < 0.01 after 8th week, and cure at 200 mg/Kg against intracellular amastigotes in BALB/c mice was 90.00% (95% Cl = 80.05 – 97.00). Conclusion: The result shows that Ziziphus jujuba Mill. leaves possess significant antileishmanial activity.
The current study was planned to assess the different oxidative, Endocrinological and biochemical... more The current study was planned to assess the different oxidative, Endocrinological and biochemical parameters using extract of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) on diabetic rats. Three groups of Diabetic rats were assigned viz. Group A have Negative Control which was fed basal diet; Group B have Positive Control and was non-supplemented; and Group C supplemented with C. roseus extract. The results showed that blood glucose level, ALT, TGs and urea concentration was elevated non-significantly (P>0.05), of Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus when compared with non-supplemented Group B animals. In Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus, AST, and Cholesterol results were decreased as showed by statistics analysis (non-significantly). When level of Blood cortisol was compared between Group C and B, there was increased in Group C, as per non-significant statistics measurements (P>0.05). It was observed that level of T4 and T3 hormones was decreased in Group C (supplemented...
Eudragit E 100 and polycaprolactone (PCL) floating microspheres for enhanced gastric retention an... more Eudragit E 100 and polycaprolactone (PCL) floating microspheres for enhanced gastric retention and drug release were successfully prepared by oil in water solvent evaporation method. Metronidazole benzoate, an anti-protozoal drug, was used as a model drug. Polyvinyl alcohol was used as an emulsifier. The prepared microspheres were observed for % recovery, % degree of hydration, % water uptake, % drug loading, % buoyancy and % drug release. The physico-chemical properties of the microspheres were studied by calculating encapsulation efficiency of microspheres and drug release kinetics. Drug release characteristics of microspheres were studied in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid i.e., at pH 1.2 and 7.4 respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to reveal the chemical interaction between drug and polymers. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted to study the morphology of the synthesized microspheres.
Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycl... more Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocyclic cores and to evaluate their antibacterial potentials. Methods: Ethyl piperidin-4-carboxylate (2) was converted to ethyl 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carboxylate (3), 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carbohydrazide (4) and 5-[1-(4chlorophenylsulfonyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol (5) using three consecutive steps. The target molecules, 5-{1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(substituted)-2-acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4oxadiazole (8a-n) were synthesized by stirring 5 and N-aryl-2-bromoacetamides (7a-n) in an aprotic polar solvent. The structures were corroborated by infrared (IR), electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and proton/carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H/ 13 C-NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was based on the effect on the increase in absorbance of the broth medium due to log phase microbial growth. Results: Compound 8g bearing a 2-methylphenyl group was the most the active growth inhibitor of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 10.63±0.97, 10.31±1.00, 10.45 ± 0.94 and 11.77±5.00 µM, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was used as reference standard. Conclusion: All the synthesized compounds are moderate inhibitors but relatively more active against Gram-negative bacterial strains. 5-{1-[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(2-methylphenyl)-2acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4-oxadiazole (8g) is the most active growth inhibitor of all the strains except Staphylococcus aureus.
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Mar 7, 2017
Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycl... more Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocyclic cores and to evaluate their antibacterial potentials. Methods: Ethyl piperidin-4-carboxylate (2) was converted to ethyl 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carboxylate (3), 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carbohydrazide (4) and 5-[1-(4chlorophenylsulfonyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol (5) using three consecutive steps. The target molecules, 5-{1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(substituted)-2-acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4oxadiazole (8a-n) were synthesized by stirring 5 and N-aryl-2-bromoacetamides (7a-n) in an aprotic polar solvent. The structures were corroborated by infrared (IR), electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and proton/carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H/ 13 C-NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was based on the effect on the increase in absorbance of the broth medium due to log phase microbial growth. Results: Compound 8g bearing a 2-methylphenyl group was the most the active growth inhibitor of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 10.63±0.97, 10.31±1.00, 10.45 ± 0.94 and 11.77±5.00 µM, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was used as reference standard. Conclusion: All the synthesized compounds are moderate inhibitors but relatively more active against Gram-negative bacterial strains. 5-{1-[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(2-methylphenyl)-2acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4-oxadiazole (8g) is the most active growth inhibitor of all the strains except Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, Feb 28, 2022
The present study aimed to synthesize the CuO-MCM-41-Ag nanocomposites by hydrothermal method and... more The present study aimed to synthesize the CuO-MCM-41-Ag nanocomposites by hydrothermal method and evaluate their antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. The synergistic effects of the transition metal-based nanocomposites are supposed to possess highly strong antimicrobial actions. SEM and TEM analyzed the morphological features of the synthesized Copper xide-MCM-41-silver nanocomposites. According to these morphological analyses, the biosynthesized CuO-MCM-41-silver nanocomposites are composed of regularly distributed hexagonal-shaped particles in aggregated form. The crystallinity of the prepared nanocomposites was confirmed through the XRD technique. From the FTIR results, the peaks obtained are closely Si-OH deformational vibrations, stretching vibrations of the surface Si-O2 groups, and various other groups. The antibacterial activity of nanocomposites was evaluated on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It was monitored that the MIC of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli was 0.135 mL-1. The nanocomposites synthesized by the hydrothermal study were good antibacterial against specific gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains.
Background: Aging is the irreversible change in the human physiology which occurs with the passag... more Background: Aging is the irreversible change in the human physiology which occurs with the passage of time and it becomes very much critical to recommend drugs among the geriatrics patients because their body response is quite different. Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to assess and evaluate the potentially inappropriate medications among the geriatric patients at the tertiary care Hospital of Larkana Sindh which is the biggest Hospital in the Northern Part of Sindh. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted which included the 500 patients aged more than 60 years. The data was collected from the patients' case charts and the questionnaire distributed among the patients. BEERS′ criteria was used to detect the frequency of chronic disorders in geriatric patients and appraise the polypharmacy. Results: The male patients were 42.6% and the female patients were 57.4%. The inappropriate medication use (IMU) was observed among 22.6% patients. Inappropriate antibiotics were seen in 35.39%, Benzodiazepine 28.32%, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 15.04%, cardiovascular system (CVS) drugs 12.39% of patients. Parenteral route of administration was observed in 70.04% of patients. Conclusion: Polypharmacy is highly prevalent in the prescriptions of geriatrics patients, due to certain reasons like a chronic disease. Clinical Pharmacist can be better placed to provide his professional activities in this context.
The novel COVID-19 was perceived to be the virus of respiratory tract but the current study is ba... more The novel COVID-19 was perceived to be the virus of respiratory tract but the current study is based to assess and identify its effect on the rest of the organs of the body A cross sectional study was made and the total 200 patients were recruited in the current study using sample purposive technique The sample was taken by using the WHO sample size determination software The sample included 79% male and 21% female and the most affect age group is the 50-59 years old, which makes 57 5% of the total and the group less age affected was the 18-29 years old, that was 1 5% The lungs affected patients were about 43% followed by the blood tissue complications (19 5%) It was concluded from the study that it was total misconception that the Novel COVID-19 only affects the lungs besides it also affects other organs of the body
Aim: To investigate the different antileishmanial activities of extracts of Cassia Fistula L., Mo... more Aim: To investigate the different antileishmanial activities of extracts of Cassia Fistula L., Morus Nigra L. and Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. Methodology: In this method, three (03) plants having concentrations between 500 – 2000 µg/mL were subjected to KWH23 strains of L. tropica in which Standard drug was Amphotericin B and have negative control for 24 – 48 hours. To check the in-vivo studies, plant extract was tested on BALB/c mice (Iqbal et al., 2016). Results: It showed that inhibition (mean) of KWH23 strains at 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 µg/mL after 48 hours were 92.1 ± 0.02, 95.00 ± 0.05, 97.09 ± 0.07 and 98.05 ± 0.05 % respectively. It decreased the lesion size (mean) from 0.8 ± 0.1 mm to 0.40 ± 0.2 mm having significance value p < 0.01 after 8th week, and cure at 200 mg/Kg against intracellular amastigotes in BALB/c mice was 90.00% (95% Cl = 80.05 – 97.00). Conclusion: The result shows that Ziziphus jujuba Mill. leaves possess significant antileishmanial activity.
The current study was planned to assess the different oxidative, Endocrinological and biochemical... more The current study was planned to assess the different oxidative, Endocrinological and biochemical parameters using extract of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) on diabetic rats. Three groups of Diabetic rats were assigned viz. Group A have Negative Control which was fed basal diet; Group B have Positive Control and was non-supplemented; and Group C supplemented with C. roseus extract. The results showed that blood glucose level, ALT, TGs and urea concentration was elevated non-significantly (P>0.05), of Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus when compared with non-supplemented Group B animals. In Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus, AST, and Cholesterol results were decreased as showed by statistics analysis (non-significantly). When level of Blood cortisol was compared between Group C and B, there was increased in Group C, as per non-significant statistics measurements (P>0.05). It was observed that level of T4 and T3 hormones was decreased in Group C (supplemented...
Eudragit E 100 and polycaprolactone (PCL) floating microspheres for enhanced gastric retention an... more Eudragit E 100 and polycaprolactone (PCL) floating microspheres for enhanced gastric retention and drug release were successfully prepared by oil in water solvent evaporation method. Metronidazole benzoate, an anti-protozoal drug, was used as a model drug. Polyvinyl alcohol was used as an emulsifier. The prepared microspheres were observed for % recovery, % degree of hydration, % water uptake, % drug loading, % buoyancy and % drug release. The physico-chemical properties of the microspheres were studied by calculating encapsulation efficiency of microspheres and drug release kinetics. Drug release characteristics of microspheres were studied in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid i.e., at pH 1.2 and 7.4 respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to reveal the chemical interaction between drug and polymers. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted to study the morphology of the synthesized microspheres.
Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycl... more Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocyclic cores and to evaluate their antibacterial potentials. Methods: Ethyl piperidin-4-carboxylate (2) was converted to ethyl 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carboxylate (3), 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carbohydrazide (4) and 5-[1-(4chlorophenylsulfonyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol (5) using three consecutive steps. The target molecules, 5-{1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(substituted)-2-acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4oxadiazole (8a-n) were synthesized by stirring 5 and N-aryl-2-bromoacetamides (7a-n) in an aprotic polar solvent. The structures were corroborated by infrared (IR), electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and proton/carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H/ 13 C-NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was based on the effect on the increase in absorbance of the broth medium due to log phase microbial growth. Results: Compound 8g bearing a 2-methylphenyl group was the most the active growth inhibitor of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 10.63±0.97, 10.31±1.00, 10.45 ± 0.94 and 11.77±5.00 µM, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was used as reference standard. Conclusion: All the synthesized compounds are moderate inhibitors but relatively more active against Gram-negative bacterial strains. 5-{1-[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(2-methylphenyl)-2acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4-oxadiazole (8g) is the most active growth inhibitor of all the strains except Staphylococcus aureus.
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Mar 7, 2017
Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycl... more Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocyclic cores and to evaluate their antibacterial potentials. Methods: Ethyl piperidin-4-carboxylate (2) was converted to ethyl 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carboxylate (3), 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carbohydrazide (4) and 5-[1-(4chlorophenylsulfonyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol (5) using three consecutive steps. The target molecules, 5-{1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(substituted)-2-acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4oxadiazole (8a-n) were synthesized by stirring 5 and N-aryl-2-bromoacetamides (7a-n) in an aprotic polar solvent. The structures were corroborated by infrared (IR), electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and proton/carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H/ 13 C-NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was based on the effect on the increase in absorbance of the broth medium due to log phase microbial growth. Results: Compound 8g bearing a 2-methylphenyl group was the most the active growth inhibitor of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 10.63±0.97, 10.31±1.00, 10.45 ± 0.94 and 11.77±5.00 µM, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was used as reference standard. Conclusion: All the synthesized compounds are moderate inhibitors but relatively more active against Gram-negative bacterial strains. 5-{1-[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(2-methylphenyl)-2acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4-oxadiazole (8g) is the most active growth inhibitor of all the strains except Staphylococcus aureus.
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