International Journal of Engineering and Management Research
Warpage is one of the most crucial problems in injection molded products. Factors affecting warpa... more Warpage is one of the most crucial problems in injection molded products. Factors affecting warpage include Material, Part geometry, gate location, Fiber content & orientation, temperature, etc. Since many factors cause shrinkage and warpage, it is very difficult to distinguish the predominant factor. In the present study, we have focused on contribution of fiber content on warpage of injection molded part. Basic requirement of the part is flatness at sealing area within given tolerance. The required flatness should be within a given tolerance for effective functioning of the component. Flow simulation software has been used to assess the effect of fiber content on warpage and in turn flatness of the component.
Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering
The mechanical properties like tensile, pin bearing and impact properties have been studied for c... more The mechanical properties like tensile, pin bearing and impact properties have been studied for composites containing Fly Ash (FA) and Impact modifier (IM) in Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) for furniture and pipe applications. Pin-bearing test is an important tool to evaluate the ability of the material to retain fasteners and the ability of the material to sustain load during the service life. The present paper evaluates the effect of variation of FA and IM on the pin bearing strength, tensile strength, modulus elongation at break and impact strength. Scanning electron microtopography indicates that the impact modifier forms a co-continuous phase at 10% of IM in PVC. Increase in void content decreases impact strength and tensile strength. As void content increases moisture absorption also increases. The results of pin bearing tests were analogous to tensile test and correlate well. Results were in accordance with impact modification theory. Moisture absorption was studied keeping in view outdoor applications.
Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix cons... more Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix constituent, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as polymeric plasticizer, and wood flour (WF) and fly ash (FA) as filler have been studied. The effect of variation of WF, FA, and EVA on storage modulus E 0 , loss modulus E 00 , and glass transition temperature, T g has been evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Effect on permittivity e 0 and conductivity is evaluated using dielectric analysis. The results show considerable influence of constituents of the composite on the properties evaluated. DMA shows that WF contributes to an increase in T g , E 0 , and E 00 and a decrease in loss tangent, tan d. The FA content has insignificant effect on these properties. Increasing WF content increases e 0 .
Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix cons... more Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix constituent, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as polymeric plasticizer, and wood flour (WF) and fly ash (FA) as filler have been studied. The effect of variation of WF, FA, and EVA on storage modulus E 0 , loss modulus E 00 , and glass transition temperature, T g has been evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Effect on permittivity e 0 and conductivity is evaluated using dielectric analysis. The results show considerable influence of constituents of the composite on the properties evaluated. DMA shows that WF contributes to an increase in T g , E 0 , and E 00 and a decrease in loss tangent, tan d. The FA content has insignificant effect on these properties. Increasing WF content increases e 0 .
Wood plastic composites (WPC) were made from polypropylene (PP), impact copolymer (ICP) and wood ... more Wood plastic composites (WPC) were made from polypropylene (PP), impact copolymer (ICP) and wood flour (WF) by varying the WF content from 10 to 40% with PP grafted maleic anhydride as a coupling agent. The effect of varying WF content was studied on rheological, thermal, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. Experimental small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) data was compared with the Einstein–Batchelor and empirical Krieger–Dougherty relations. Significant dependence of mechanical and rheological properties on WF content was observed. Young’s modulus, flexural modulus and dynamic shear viscosity increased with WF content. Results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed increase in storage modulus with WF content. Three millimeter thick compression molded composites sheets were thermoformed using axisymmetric molds with two draw depths. Sag observed visually during thermoforming decreased with increasing WF content. Components made from the composites show...
Polymers of the same family show distinct behavior with each other and because of this, the end p... more Polymers of the same family show distinct behavior with each other and because of this, the end prediction after molding the part is very difficult. Simulations result does not always match the product. For close substitution in absence of exactly known material composition, the equivalent grade of the same MFI may be used. However, the MFI is a poor indicator of the rheological behavior to be comprehend for accurate simulation. This research analyzes the appropriate parameters for the rheology of polymers, in the same class that are appropriate. Keywords— Injection Molding, Simulation, MFI
A part to be injection molded is evaluated by simulation for warpage analysis. The plastic part i... more A part to be injection molded is evaluated by simulation for warpage analysis. The plastic part is a supporting plate to be used in the oil filter and it’s made out of nylon material. The effect of various parameters from design to processing of plastic parts is considered and validated by simulation results. The research involved in this was designing mould, computer-aided engineering, simulation analysis, and determination of plastic part processing conditions. In this work PA66 (Grade name – Zytel 70G13HS1LNC010) material is used and the material contains 13 % of fiber. Fiber orientation is nothing but the distribution of plastic melt inside the cavity and it also plays important role in deciding the warpage of part. The effect of process parameters on part warpage is investigated from various aspects in comparison with the conventional runner system. Hot runner mould system with innovative cooling channel designs is good results-driven. Results of simulations reveal that elevate...
International Journal of Engineering and Management Research
Warpage is one of the most crucial problems in injection molded products. Factors affecting warpa... more Warpage is one of the most crucial problems in injection molded products. Factors affecting warpage include Material, Part geometry, gate location, Fiber content & orientation, temperature, etc. Since many factors cause shrinkage and warpage, it is very difficult to distinguish the predominant factor. In the present study, we have focused on contribution of fiber content on warpage of injection molded part. Basic requirement of the part is flatness at sealing area within given tolerance. The required flatness should be within a given tolerance for effective functioning of the component. Flow simulation software has been used to assess the effect of fiber content on warpage and in turn flatness of the component.
Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering
The mechanical properties like tensile, pin bearing and impact properties have been studied for c... more The mechanical properties like tensile, pin bearing and impact properties have been studied for composites containing Fly Ash (FA) and Impact modifier (IM) in Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) for furniture and pipe applications. Pin-bearing test is an important tool to evaluate the ability of the material to retain fasteners and the ability of the material to sustain load during the service life. The present paper evaluates the effect of variation of FA and IM on the pin bearing strength, tensile strength, modulus elongation at break and impact strength. Scanning electron microtopography indicates that the impact modifier forms a co-continuous phase at 10% of IM in PVC. Increase in void content decreases impact strength and tensile strength. As void content increases moisture absorption also increases. The results of pin bearing tests were analogous to tensile test and correlate well. Results were in accordance with impact modification theory. Moisture absorption was studied keeping in view outdoor applications.
Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix cons... more Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix constituent, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as polymeric plasticizer, and wood flour (WF) and fly ash (FA) as filler have been studied. The effect of variation of WF, FA, and EVA on storage modulus E 0 , loss modulus E 00 , and glass transition temperature, T g has been evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Effect on permittivity e 0 and conductivity is evaluated using dielectric analysis. The results show considerable influence of constituents of the composite on the properties evaluated. DMA shows that WF contributes to an increase in T g , E 0 , and E 00 and a decrease in loss tangent, tan d. The FA content has insignificant effect on these properties. Increasing WF content increases e 0 .
Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix cons... more Viscoelastic and dielectric properties of composites with polyvinyl chloride as major matrix constituent, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as polymeric plasticizer, and wood flour (WF) and fly ash (FA) as filler have been studied. The effect of variation of WF, FA, and EVA on storage modulus E 0 , loss modulus E 00 , and glass transition temperature, T g has been evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Effect on permittivity e 0 and conductivity is evaluated using dielectric analysis. The results show considerable influence of constituents of the composite on the properties evaluated. DMA shows that WF contributes to an increase in T g , E 0 , and E 00 and a decrease in loss tangent, tan d. The FA content has insignificant effect on these properties. Increasing WF content increases e 0 .
Wood plastic composites (WPC) were made from polypropylene (PP), impact copolymer (ICP) and wood ... more Wood plastic composites (WPC) were made from polypropylene (PP), impact copolymer (ICP) and wood flour (WF) by varying the WF content from 10 to 40% with PP grafted maleic anhydride as a coupling agent. The effect of varying WF content was studied on rheological, thermal, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. Experimental small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) data was compared with the Einstein–Batchelor and empirical Krieger–Dougherty relations. Significant dependence of mechanical and rheological properties on WF content was observed. Young’s modulus, flexural modulus and dynamic shear viscosity increased with WF content. Results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed increase in storage modulus with WF content. Three millimeter thick compression molded composites sheets were thermoformed using axisymmetric molds with two draw depths. Sag observed visually during thermoforming decreased with increasing WF content. Components made from the composites show...
Polymers of the same family show distinct behavior with each other and because of this, the end p... more Polymers of the same family show distinct behavior with each other and because of this, the end prediction after molding the part is very difficult. Simulations result does not always match the product. For close substitution in absence of exactly known material composition, the equivalent grade of the same MFI may be used. However, the MFI is a poor indicator of the rheological behavior to be comprehend for accurate simulation. This research analyzes the appropriate parameters for the rheology of polymers, in the same class that are appropriate. Keywords— Injection Molding, Simulation, MFI
A part to be injection molded is evaluated by simulation for warpage analysis. The plastic part i... more A part to be injection molded is evaluated by simulation for warpage analysis. The plastic part is a supporting plate to be used in the oil filter and it’s made out of nylon material. The effect of various parameters from design to processing of plastic parts is considered and validated by simulation results. The research involved in this was designing mould, computer-aided engineering, simulation analysis, and determination of plastic part processing conditions. In this work PA66 (Grade name – Zytel 70G13HS1LNC010) material is used and the material contains 13 % of fiber. Fiber orientation is nothing but the distribution of plastic melt inside the cavity and it also plays important role in deciding the warpage of part. The effect of process parameters on part warpage is investigated from various aspects in comparison with the conventional runner system. Hot runner mould system with innovative cooling channel designs is good results-driven. Results of simulations reveal that elevate...
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Papers by deepti marathe