Proceedings of the Seventh ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
As the number of big data management systems continues to grow, users increasingly seek to levera... more As the number of big data management systems continues to grow, users increasingly seek to leverage multiple systems in the context of a single data analysis task. To efficiently support such hybrid analytics, we develop a tool called PipeGen for efficient data transfer between database management systems (DBMSs). PipeGen automatically generates data pipes between DBMSs by leveraging their functionality to transfer data via disk files using common data formats such as CSV. PipeGen creates data pipes by extending such functionality with efficient binary data transfer capabilities that avoid file system materialization, include multiple important format optimizations, and transfer data in parallel when possible. We evaluate our PipeGen prototype by generating 20 data pipes automatically between five different DBMSs. The results show that PipeGen speeds up data transfer by up to 3.8× as compared to transferring using disk files.
Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Conference on Management of Data
We demonstrate VisualCloud, a database management system designed to efficiently ingest, store, a... more We demonstrate VisualCloud, a database management system designed to efficiently ingest, store, and deliver virtual reality (VR) content at scale. VisualCloud targets both live and prerecorded spherical panoramic (a.k.a. 360 •) VR videos. It persists content as a multidimensional array that utilizes both dense (e.g., space and time) and sparse (e.g., bitrate) dimensions. VisualCloud uses orientation prediction to reduce data transfer by degrading out-of-view portions of the video. Content delivered through VisualCloud requires up to 60% less bandwidth than existing methods and scales to many concurrent connections. This demonstration will allow attendees to view both live and prerecorded VR video content served through VisualCloud. Viewers will be able to dynamically adjust tuning parameters (e.g., bitrates and path prediction) and observe changes in visual fidelity.
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
Compressed videos constitute 70% of Internet traffic, and video upload growth rates far outpace c... more Compressed videos constitute 70% of Internet traffic, and video upload growth rates far outpace compute and storage improvement trends. Past work in leveraging perceptual cues like saliency, i.e., regions where viewers focus their perceptual attention, reduces compressed video size while maintaining perceptual quality, but requires significant changes to video codecs and ignores the data management of this perceptual information. In this paper, we propose Vignette, a compression technique and storage manager for perception-based video compression in the cloud. Vignette complements off-the-shelf compression software and hardware codec implementations. Vignette's compression technique uses a neural network to predict saliency information used during transcoding, and its storage manager integrates perceptual information into the video storage system. Our results demonstrate the benefit of embedding information about the human visual system into the architecture of cloud video storage systems. CCS CONCEPTS • Computer systems organization → Cloud computing; • Information systems → Multimedia information systems; Storage management.
Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data
Recently, video database management systems (VDBMSs) have re-emerged as an active area of researc... more Recently, video database management systems (VDBMSs) have re-emerged as an active area of research and development. To accelerate innovation in this area, we present Visual Road, a benchmark that evaluates the performance of these systems. Visual Road comes with a data generator and a suite of queries over cameras positioned within a simulated metropolitan environment. Visual Road's video data is automatically generated with a high degree of realism, and annotated using a modern simulation and visualization engine. This allows for VDBMS performance evaluation while scaling up the size of the input data. Visual Road is designed to evaluate a broad variety of VDBMSs: realtime systems, systems for longitudinal analytical queries, systems processing traditional videos, and systems designed for 360 • videos. We use the benchmark to evaluate three recent VDBMSs both in capabilities and performance.
To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasec... more To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasectomies performed in the US population, determine changes over time, regional differences, providers performing this, and if there is any monthly variation in vasectomy rates. Claims data were evaluated from 2007 - 2015 to determine the annual prevalence of vasectomy by patient age and region in the US. The cohort included men aged 18-64 with at least one claim in any given year in THM. Provider type and place of service were evaluated in 2014 and 2015. Monthly evaluation of vasectomy prevalence compared to total claims was performed. The prevalence of vasectomies decreased from 2007 - 2015, across all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001). Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 527,476 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2015. The North Central and West regions (0.64% and 0.60%) had the highest annual prevalence of vasectomies. The mont...
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet l... more INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet little is known about the number performed per year or trends over time in the United States (US). Survey studies, both directly to providers and through the National Survey of Family Growth, have been used to estimate vasectomy rates. These are limited by the lack of provider information and small sample sizes. Our goal is to more accurately assess vasectomy rates in the US and determine temporal and regional patterns using a large, national insurance claims database. METHODS: The Truven Health Marketscanâ database contains information from adjudicated and paid insurance claims filed for privately insured individuals with employment based insurance. Claims data on patient age, vasectomy rate, and location in the US from 2007-2013 was evaluated. We included men aged 18-64 and grouped them in the following groups: 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64. In order to be included in the data analysis there must have been a claim in the Marketscanâ database in the past year. RESULTS: Over the time period 577,404 men were counseled for vasectomy and 453,369 (79%) underwent the procedure. The rate by region during the time period is: North Central (0.66%), West (0.61%), South (0.50%) and Northeast (0.41%). The most common vasectomy rates are in the 25-34 year olds and 35-44 year olds with 0.98% and 1.30% respectively. Over this time period there is a decrease in vasectomy rate in all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001) as seen in Table 1. Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 513,594 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: An estimated 513,594 vasectomies are performed in the US. From 2007-2013 there was a decrease in the rate of vasectomy in all age groups and in all locations of the country. Vasectomies are more commonly performed in the North Central and West region of the US and in men aged 35-44.
To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal sup... more To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal suppository administered immediately before ureteroscopy (URS) and stent placement could reduce stent-related discomfort. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was performed from August 2013 to December 2014. Seventy-one subjects were enrolled and randomized to receive a B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O (15 mg/30 mg) or a placebo suppository after induction of general anesthesia immediately before URS and stent placement. Baseline urinary symptoms were assessed using the American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUASS). The Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire and AUASS were completed on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, and after stent removal. Analgesic use intraoperatively, in the recovery unit, and at home was recorded. Of the 71 subjects, 65 had treatment for ureteral (41%) and renal (61%) calculi, 4 for renal urothelial carcinoma, and 2 were excluded for no stent placed. By POD3, the B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported a higher mean global quality of life (QOL) score (P = .04), a better mean quality of work score (P = .05), and less pain with urination (P = .03). The B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported an improved AUASS QOL when comparing POD1 with post-stent removal (P = .04). There was no difference in analgesic use among groups (P = .67). There were no episodes of urinary retention. Age was associated with unplanned emergency visits (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.00) and &amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;high-pain&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; measure (P = .02) CONCLUSION: B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O suppository administered preoperatively improved QOL measures and reduced urinary-related pain after URS with stent. Younger age was associated with severe stent pain and unplanned hospital visits.
Study design Case series. Objective Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic ... more Study design Case series. Objective Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in patients with neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury. Anecdotal reports also describe the improvement of non-bladder symptoms, specifically those related to autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and muscle spasticity. We conducted a study to further investigate this phenomenon. Setting USA, Urban Tertiary Care Center. Methods Twenty-one persons with SCI completed the study between March and December 2015. Mean age was 45 years (range 21-69). All were scheduled to undergo bladder chemodenervation with onabotulinumtoxinA 200 units to treat bothersome NDO refractory to oral medications. Each completed a questionnaire detailing symptoms unrelated to NDO immediately prior to the procedure, and again between 6 and 12 weeks after. Results All patients reported improvement in NDO symptoms following chemodenervation. Ten patients with prior symptoms of AD reported improvement in AD symptoms after injection. Seventeen patients reported skeletal muscle spasticity in the 3-month period before chemodenervation. In the follow up period, only 14 patients reported having muscle spasticity. In aggregate, 12 of 21 patients reported improvement of non-bladder symptomatology following chemodenervation. Conclusions Chemodenervation of the bladder in patients with SCI can provide ancillary benefits in addition to mitigation of lower urinary symptoms. The mechanism may be related to dampening the bladder's ability to initiate noxious reflex responses.
We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system ... more We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.
Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large... more Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large, heterogenous datasets that may have different underlying data and programming models. For example, a medical dataset may have unstructured text, relational data, time series waveforms and imagery. Trying to fit such datasets in a single data management system can have adverse performance and efficiency effects. As a part of the Intel Science and Technology Center on Big Data, we are developing a polystore system designed for such problems. BigDAWG (short for the Big Data Analytics Working Group) is a polystore system designed to work on complex problems that naturally span across different processing or storage engines. BigDAWG provides an architecture that supports diverse database systems working with different data models, support for the competing notions of location transparency and semantic completeness via islands and a middleware that provides a uniform multi-island interface. Initial results from a prototype of the BigDAWG system applied to a medical dataset validate polystore concepts. In this article, we will describe polystore databases, the current BigDAWG architecture and its application on the MIMIC II medical dataset, initial performance results and our future development plans.
We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system ... more We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.
Case series. Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity (... more Case series. Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in patients with neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury. Anecdotal reports also describe the improvement of non-bladder symptoms, specifically those related to autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and muscle spasticity. We conducted a study to further investigate this phenomenon. USA, Urban Tertiary Care Center. Twenty-one persons with SCI completed the study between March and December 2015. Mean age was 45 years (range 21-69). All were scheduled to undergo bladder chemodenervation with onabotulinumtoxinA 200 units to treat bothersome NDO refractory to oral medications. Each completed a questionnaire detailing symptoms unrelated to NDO immediately prior to the procedure, and again between 6 and 12 weeks after. All patients reported improvement in NDO symptoms following chemodenervation. Ten patients with prior symptoms of AD reported improvement in AD symptoms after injection. Seventeen...
To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasec... more To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasectomies performed in the US population, determine changes over time, regional differences, providers performing this, and if there is any monthly variation in vasectomy rates. Claims data were evaluated from 2007 - 2015 to determine the annual prevalence of vasectomy by patient age and region in the US. The cohort included men aged 18-64 with at least one claim in any given year in THM. Provider type and place of service were evaluated in 2014 and 2015. Monthly evaluation of vasectomy prevalence compared to total claims was performed. The prevalence of vasectomies decreased from 2007 - 2015, across all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001). Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 527,476 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2015. The North Central and West regions (0.64% and 0.60%) had the highest annual prevalence of vasectomies. The mont...
2016 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC), 2016
Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large... more Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large, heterogenous datasets that may have different underlying data and programming models. For example, a medical dataset may have unstructured text, relational data, time series waveforms and imagery. Trying to fit such datasets in a single data management system can have adverse performance and efficiency effects. As a part of the Intel Science and Technology Center on Big Data, we are developing a polystore system designed for such problems. BigDAWG (short for the Big Data Analytics Working Group) is a polystore system designed to work on complex problems that naturally span across different processing or storage engines. BigDAWG provides an architecture that supports diverse database systems working with different data models, support for the competing notions of location transparency and semantic completeness via islands and a middleware that provides a uniform multi-island interface. Initial results from a prototype of the BigDAWG system applied to a medical dataset validate polystore concepts. In this article, we will describe polystore databases, the current BigDAWG architecture and its application on the MIMIC II medical dataset, initial performance results and our future development plans.
To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal sup... more To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal suppository administered immediately before ureteroscopy (URS) and stent placement could reduce stent-related discomfort. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was performed from August 2013 to December 2014. Seventy-one subjects were enrolled and randomized to receive a B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O (15 mg/30 mg) or a placebo suppository after induction of general anesthesia immediately before URS and stent placement. Baseline urinary symptoms were assessed using the American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUASS). The Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire and AUASS were completed on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, and after stent removal. Analgesic use intraoperatively, in the recovery unit, and at home was recorded. Of the 71 subjects, 65 had treatment for ureteral (41%) and renal (61%) calculi, 4 for renal urothelial carcinoma, and 2 were excluded for no stent placed. By POD3, the B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported a higher mean global quality of life (QOL) score (P = .04), a better mean quality of work score (P = .05), and less pain with urination (P = .03). The B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported an improved AUASS QOL when comparing POD1 with post-stent removal (P = .04). There was no difference in analgesic use among groups (P = .67). There were no episodes of urinary retention. Age was associated with unplanned emergency visits (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.00) and &amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;high-pain&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; measure (P = .02) CONCLUSION: B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O suppository administered preoperatively improved QOL measures and reduced urinary-related pain after URS with stent. Younger age was associated with severe stent pain and unplanned hospital visits.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the dynamic processes of collective identity by examin... more The purpose of this research is to analyze the dynamic processes of collective identity by examining the relationship between New Orleans and its professional football team, the Saints, after Hurricane Katrina. Much of the discourse written on American professional sports focuses on economic transactions between player and franchise or franchise and city. This study explores sports from a cultural perspective to understand the perceived social values provided to the host community. This case study spans the years from 2006 to 2013 and discusses several major events, including the Hurricane Katrina disaster, the reopening of the Superdome, the Saints winning a league championship and subsequent cheating scandal, and the city's hosting of Super Bowl XLVII. Using a mixed-method approach of content analysis, in-person interviews, and participant observation, this research demonstrates how post-Hurricane Katrina events altered the collective identity in New Orleans. Additionally, it explores how the interaction of sports, identity, and ritual served to create a civic religion in New Orleans. Finally, the research examines the impact of this religious devotion on New Orleans' tourist economy.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet l... more INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet little is known about the number performed per year or trends over time in the United States (US). Survey studies, both directly to providers and through the National Survey of Family Growth, have been used to estimate vasectomy rates. These are limited by the lack of provider information and small sample sizes. Our goal is to more accurately assess vasectomy rates in the US and determine temporal and regional patterns using a large, national insurance claims database. METHODS: The Truven Health Marketscanâ database contains information from adjudicated and paid insurance claims filed for privately insured individuals with employment based insurance. Claims data on patient age, vasectomy rate, and location in the US from 2007-2013 was evaluated. We included men aged 18-64 and grouped them in the following groups: 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64. In order to be included in the data analysis there must have been a claim in the Marketscanâ database in the past year. RESULTS: Over the time period 577,404 men were counseled for vasectomy and 453,369 (79%) underwent the procedure. The rate by region during the time period is: North Central (0.66%), West (0.61%), South (0.50%) and Northeast (0.41%). The most common vasectomy rates are in the 25-34 year olds and 35-44 year olds with 0.98% and 1.30% respectively. Over this time period there is a decrease in vasectomy rate in all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001) as seen in Table 1. Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 513,594 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: An estimated 513,594 vasectomies are performed in the US. From 2007-2013 there was a decrease in the rate of vasectomy in all age groups and in all locations of the country. Vasectomies are more commonly performed in the North Central and West region of the US and in men aged 35-44.
Proceedings of the Seventh ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
As the number of big data management systems continues to grow, users increasingly seek to levera... more As the number of big data management systems continues to grow, users increasingly seek to leverage multiple systems in the context of a single data analysis task. To efficiently support such hybrid analytics, we develop a tool called PipeGen for efficient data transfer between database management systems (DBMSs). PipeGen automatically generates data pipes between DBMSs by leveraging their functionality to transfer data via disk files using common data formats such as CSV. PipeGen creates data pipes by extending such functionality with efficient binary data transfer capabilities that avoid file system materialization, include multiple important format optimizations, and transfer data in parallel when possible. We evaluate our PipeGen prototype by generating 20 data pipes automatically between five different DBMSs. The results show that PipeGen speeds up data transfer by up to 3.8× as compared to transferring using disk files.
Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Conference on Management of Data
We demonstrate VisualCloud, a database management system designed to efficiently ingest, store, a... more We demonstrate VisualCloud, a database management system designed to efficiently ingest, store, and deliver virtual reality (VR) content at scale. VisualCloud targets both live and prerecorded spherical panoramic (a.k.a. 360 •) VR videos. It persists content as a multidimensional array that utilizes both dense (e.g., space and time) and sparse (e.g., bitrate) dimensions. VisualCloud uses orientation prediction to reduce data transfer by degrading out-of-view portions of the video. Content delivered through VisualCloud requires up to 60% less bandwidth than existing methods and scales to many concurrent connections. This demonstration will allow attendees to view both live and prerecorded VR video content served through VisualCloud. Viewers will be able to dynamically adjust tuning parameters (e.g., bitrates and path prediction) and observe changes in visual fidelity.
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
Compressed videos constitute 70% of Internet traffic, and video upload growth rates far outpace c... more Compressed videos constitute 70% of Internet traffic, and video upload growth rates far outpace compute and storage improvement trends. Past work in leveraging perceptual cues like saliency, i.e., regions where viewers focus their perceptual attention, reduces compressed video size while maintaining perceptual quality, but requires significant changes to video codecs and ignores the data management of this perceptual information. In this paper, we propose Vignette, a compression technique and storage manager for perception-based video compression in the cloud. Vignette complements off-the-shelf compression software and hardware codec implementations. Vignette's compression technique uses a neural network to predict saliency information used during transcoding, and its storage manager integrates perceptual information into the video storage system. Our results demonstrate the benefit of embedding information about the human visual system into the architecture of cloud video storage systems. CCS CONCEPTS • Computer systems organization → Cloud computing; • Information systems → Multimedia information systems; Storage management.
Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data
Recently, video database management systems (VDBMSs) have re-emerged as an active area of researc... more Recently, video database management systems (VDBMSs) have re-emerged as an active area of research and development. To accelerate innovation in this area, we present Visual Road, a benchmark that evaluates the performance of these systems. Visual Road comes with a data generator and a suite of queries over cameras positioned within a simulated metropolitan environment. Visual Road's video data is automatically generated with a high degree of realism, and annotated using a modern simulation and visualization engine. This allows for VDBMS performance evaluation while scaling up the size of the input data. Visual Road is designed to evaluate a broad variety of VDBMSs: realtime systems, systems for longitudinal analytical queries, systems processing traditional videos, and systems designed for 360 • videos. We use the benchmark to evaluate three recent VDBMSs both in capabilities and performance.
To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasec... more To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasectomies performed in the US population, determine changes over time, regional differences, providers performing this, and if there is any monthly variation in vasectomy rates. Claims data were evaluated from 2007 - 2015 to determine the annual prevalence of vasectomy by patient age and region in the US. The cohort included men aged 18-64 with at least one claim in any given year in THM. Provider type and place of service were evaluated in 2014 and 2015. Monthly evaluation of vasectomy prevalence compared to total claims was performed. The prevalence of vasectomies decreased from 2007 - 2015, across all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001). Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 527,476 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2015. The North Central and West regions (0.64% and 0.60%) had the highest annual prevalence of vasectomies. The mont...
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet l... more INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet little is known about the number performed per year or trends over time in the United States (US). Survey studies, both directly to providers and through the National Survey of Family Growth, have been used to estimate vasectomy rates. These are limited by the lack of provider information and small sample sizes. Our goal is to more accurately assess vasectomy rates in the US and determine temporal and regional patterns using a large, national insurance claims database. METHODS: The Truven Health Marketscanâ database contains information from adjudicated and paid insurance claims filed for privately insured individuals with employment based insurance. Claims data on patient age, vasectomy rate, and location in the US from 2007-2013 was evaluated. We included men aged 18-64 and grouped them in the following groups: 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64. In order to be included in the data analysis there must have been a claim in the Marketscanâ database in the past year. RESULTS: Over the time period 577,404 men were counseled for vasectomy and 453,369 (79%) underwent the procedure. The rate by region during the time period is: North Central (0.66%), West (0.61%), South (0.50%) and Northeast (0.41%). The most common vasectomy rates are in the 25-34 year olds and 35-44 year olds with 0.98% and 1.30% respectively. Over this time period there is a decrease in vasectomy rate in all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001) as seen in Table 1. Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 513,594 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: An estimated 513,594 vasectomies are performed in the US. From 2007-2013 there was a decrease in the rate of vasectomy in all age groups and in all locations of the country. Vasectomies are more commonly performed in the North Central and West region of the US and in men aged 35-44.
To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal sup... more To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal suppository administered immediately before ureteroscopy (URS) and stent placement could reduce stent-related discomfort. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was performed from August 2013 to December 2014. Seventy-one subjects were enrolled and randomized to receive a B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O (15 mg/30 mg) or a placebo suppository after induction of general anesthesia immediately before URS and stent placement. Baseline urinary symptoms were assessed using the American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUASS). The Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire and AUASS were completed on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, and after stent removal. Analgesic use intraoperatively, in the recovery unit, and at home was recorded. Of the 71 subjects, 65 had treatment for ureteral (41%) and renal (61%) calculi, 4 for renal urothelial carcinoma, and 2 were excluded for no stent placed. By POD3, the B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported a higher mean global quality of life (QOL) score (P = .04), a better mean quality of work score (P = .05), and less pain with urination (P = .03). The B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported an improved AUASS QOL when comparing POD1 with post-stent removal (P = .04). There was no difference in analgesic use among groups (P = .67). There were no episodes of urinary retention. Age was associated with unplanned emergency visits (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.00) and &amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;high-pain&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; measure (P = .02) CONCLUSION: B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O suppository administered preoperatively improved QOL measures and reduced urinary-related pain after URS with stent. Younger age was associated with severe stent pain and unplanned hospital visits.
Study design Case series. Objective Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic ... more Study design Case series. Objective Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in patients with neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury. Anecdotal reports also describe the improvement of non-bladder symptoms, specifically those related to autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and muscle spasticity. We conducted a study to further investigate this phenomenon. Setting USA, Urban Tertiary Care Center. Methods Twenty-one persons with SCI completed the study between March and December 2015. Mean age was 45 years (range 21-69). All were scheduled to undergo bladder chemodenervation with onabotulinumtoxinA 200 units to treat bothersome NDO refractory to oral medications. Each completed a questionnaire detailing symptoms unrelated to NDO immediately prior to the procedure, and again between 6 and 12 weeks after. Results All patients reported improvement in NDO symptoms following chemodenervation. Ten patients with prior symptoms of AD reported improvement in AD symptoms after injection. Seventeen patients reported skeletal muscle spasticity in the 3-month period before chemodenervation. In the follow up period, only 14 patients reported having muscle spasticity. In aggregate, 12 of 21 patients reported improvement of non-bladder symptomatology following chemodenervation. Conclusions Chemodenervation of the bladder in patients with SCI can provide ancillary benefits in addition to mitigation of lower urinary symptoms. The mechanism may be related to dampening the bladder's ability to initiate noxious reflex responses.
We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system ... more We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.
Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large... more Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large, heterogenous datasets that may have different underlying data and programming models. For example, a medical dataset may have unstructured text, relational data, time series waveforms and imagery. Trying to fit such datasets in a single data management system can have adverse performance and efficiency effects. As a part of the Intel Science and Technology Center on Big Data, we are developing a polystore system designed for such problems. BigDAWG (short for the Big Data Analytics Working Group) is a polystore system designed to work on complex problems that naturally span across different processing or storage engines. BigDAWG provides an architecture that supports diverse database systems working with different data models, support for the competing notions of location transparency and semantic completeness via islands and a middleware that provides a uniform multi-island interface. Initial results from a prototype of the BigDAWG system applied to a medical dataset validate polystore concepts. In this article, we will describe polystore databases, the current BigDAWG architecture and its application on the MIMIC II medical dataset, initial performance results and our future development plans.
We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system ... more We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.
Case series. Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity (... more Case series. Bladder chemodenervation is effective in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in patients with neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury. Anecdotal reports also describe the improvement of non-bladder symptoms, specifically those related to autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and muscle spasticity. We conducted a study to further investigate this phenomenon. USA, Urban Tertiary Care Center. Twenty-one persons with SCI completed the study between March and December 2015. Mean age was 45 years (range 21-69). All were scheduled to undergo bladder chemodenervation with onabotulinumtoxinA 200 units to treat bothersome NDO refractory to oral medications. Each completed a questionnaire detailing symptoms unrelated to NDO immediately prior to the procedure, and again between 6 and 12 weeks after. All patients reported improvement in NDO symptoms following chemodenervation. Ten patients with prior symptoms of AD reported improvement in AD symptoms after injection. Seventeen...
To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasec... more To use the Truven Health MarketScan (THM) database to better approximate the annual rate of vasectomies performed in the US population, determine changes over time, regional differences, providers performing this, and if there is any monthly variation in vasectomy rates. Claims data were evaluated from 2007 - 2015 to determine the annual prevalence of vasectomy by patient age and region in the US. The cohort included men aged 18-64 with at least one claim in any given year in THM. Provider type and place of service were evaluated in 2014 and 2015. Monthly evaluation of vasectomy prevalence compared to total claims was performed. The prevalence of vasectomies decreased from 2007 - 2015, across all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001). Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 527,476 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2015. The North Central and West regions (0.64% and 0.60%) had the highest annual prevalence of vasectomies. The mont...
2016 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC), 2016
Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large... more Organizations are often faced with the challenge of providing data management solutions for large, heterogenous datasets that may have different underlying data and programming models. For example, a medical dataset may have unstructured text, relational data, time series waveforms and imagery. Trying to fit such datasets in a single data management system can have adverse performance and efficiency effects. As a part of the Intel Science and Technology Center on Big Data, we are developing a polystore system designed for such problems. BigDAWG (short for the Big Data Analytics Working Group) is a polystore system designed to work on complex problems that naturally span across different processing or storage engines. BigDAWG provides an architecture that supports diverse database systems working with different data models, support for the competing notions of location transparency and semantic completeness via islands and a middleware that provides a uniform multi-island interface. Initial results from a prototype of the BigDAWG system applied to a medical dataset validate polystore concepts. In this article, we will describe polystore databases, the current BigDAWG architecture and its application on the MIMIC II medical dataset, initial performance results and our future development plans.
To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal sup... more To investigate whether the use of a belladonna and opium (B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O) rectal suppository administered immediately before ureteroscopy (URS) and stent placement could reduce stent-related discomfort. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was performed from August 2013 to December 2014. Seventy-one subjects were enrolled and randomized to receive a B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O (15 mg/30 mg) or a placebo suppository after induction of general anesthesia immediately before URS and stent placement. Baseline urinary symptoms were assessed using the American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUASS). The Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire and AUASS were completed on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, and after stent removal. Analgesic use intraoperatively, in the recovery unit, and at home was recorded. Of the 71 subjects, 65 had treatment for ureteral (41%) and renal (61%) calculi, 4 for renal urothelial carcinoma, and 2 were excluded for no stent placed. By POD3, the B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported a higher mean global quality of life (QOL) score (P = .04), a better mean quality of work score (P = .05), and less pain with urination (P = .03). The B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O group reported an improved AUASS QOL when comparing POD1 with post-stent removal (P = .04). There was no difference in analgesic use among groups (P = .67). There were no episodes of urinary retention. Age was associated with unplanned emergency visits (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.00) and &amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;high-pain&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; measure (P = .02) CONCLUSION: B&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;O suppository administered preoperatively improved QOL measures and reduced urinary-related pain after URS with stent. Younger age was associated with severe stent pain and unplanned hospital visits.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the dynamic processes of collective identity by examin... more The purpose of this research is to analyze the dynamic processes of collective identity by examining the relationship between New Orleans and its professional football team, the Saints, after Hurricane Katrina. Much of the discourse written on American professional sports focuses on economic transactions between player and franchise or franchise and city. This study explores sports from a cultural perspective to understand the perceived social values provided to the host community. This case study spans the years from 2006 to 2013 and discusses several major events, including the Hurricane Katrina disaster, the reopening of the Superdome, the Saints winning a league championship and subsequent cheating scandal, and the city's hosting of Super Bowl XLVII. Using a mixed-method approach of content analysis, in-person interviews, and participant observation, this research demonstrates how post-Hurricane Katrina events altered the collective identity in New Orleans. Additionally, it explores how the interaction of sports, identity, and ritual served to create a civic religion in New Orleans. Finally, the research examines the impact of this religious devotion on New Orleans' tourist economy.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet l... more INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Many couples seeking permanent contraception choose vasectomy, yet little is known about the number performed per year or trends over time in the United States (US). Survey studies, both directly to providers and through the National Survey of Family Growth, have been used to estimate vasectomy rates. These are limited by the lack of provider information and small sample sizes. Our goal is to more accurately assess vasectomy rates in the US and determine temporal and regional patterns using a large, national insurance claims database. METHODS: The Truven Health Marketscanâ database contains information from adjudicated and paid insurance claims filed for privately insured individuals with employment based insurance. Claims data on patient age, vasectomy rate, and location in the US from 2007-2013 was evaluated. We included men aged 18-64 and grouped them in the following groups: 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64. In order to be included in the data analysis there must have been a claim in the Marketscanâ database in the past year. RESULTS: Over the time period 577,404 men were counseled for vasectomy and 453,369 (79%) underwent the procedure. The rate by region during the time period is: North Central (0.66%), West (0.61%), South (0.50%) and Northeast (0.41%). The most common vasectomy rates are in the 25-34 year olds and 35-44 year olds with 0.98% and 1.30% respectively. Over this time period there is a decrease in vasectomy rate in all age groups and in all locations of the country (p<0.001) as seen in Table 1. Using this data and the most recent US Census data, an estimated 513,594 vasectomies were performed in the US in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: An estimated 513,594 vasectomies are performed in the US. From 2007-2013 there was a decrease in the rate of vasectomy in all age groups and in all locations of the country. Vasectomies are more commonly performed in the North Central and West region of the US and in men aged 35-44.
Uploads
Papers by brandon haynes