Regardless of the existing governmental and public preventive actions for surveillance and contro... more Regardless of the existing governmental and public preventive actions for surveillance and controlling the air quality in several regions of the Chennai city in India, the air quality does not meet the desired standard. In this regard, this study employs an ARMA/ARIMA modelling approach for forecasting Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), Sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) concentration for three most polluted sites in Chennai city. A total of nine univariate linear stochastic models have been developed, three for each of the stations which includes one for each of the specific pollutants in order to forecasts the concentration of each pollutant. The evaluation of the model statistics R 2 values and index of agreement values evince that a significant level of real-time forecasting of the pollutants can be achieved by employing the developed ARMA/ARIMA models. Moreover, the comparisons of actual air pollutant concentration have been carried out with the permissible limit as prescribed by the National ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) of India for assessing the level of pollution of all three locations.
In this paper we focus on the issues in asset and liability management ALM in health insurance pa... more In this paper we focus on the issues in asset and liability management ALM in health insurance particularly in the Indian context The regulations in health insurance imposed by Insurance regulatory and development authority IRDA for ALM policies Stress testing and mandated Investments are reflected in this paper An analytic approach has been incorporated for measuring duration convexity clean price and dirty price with an amendment in yield till maturity for the bond securities in the portfolio of the health insurer The Changes in the projection of portfolio values with a change in yield have been graphically analysed The Reddingtons immunisation conditions were used for the portfolio of the insurer to analyse the immunisation level The basic chain ladder method is incorporated to predict the Incurred But Not Reported IBNR claims reserve for best estimations of liability value of the insurer
International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) insurance sector in terms of total factor productivity (TFP) over the period 2005–2016. Design/methodology/approach This study utilises Färe‒Primont index (FPI) to access the change in TFP and its components: technical change, technical efficiency and mix and scale efficiency over the observation period. Moreover, it employs the Mann–Whitney U-test to scrutinise the difference between the public and the private insurers in terms of growth in productivity. Findings The results reveal that the insurance sector possesses a very low level of TFP. Also, the results divulge an improvement of 11.98 per cent in TFP of the insurance sector at an annual average rate of 12.41 per cent over the observation period. The growth in productivity is mainly attributable to the improvement of 10.81 per cent in the scale‒mix efficiency. The progress in scale‒mix efficiency is mainly the result of improvement...
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
This paper studies the reserve risk estimation requirement under the Solvency-II regime that came... more This paper studies the reserve risk estimation requirement under the Solvency-II regime that came into effect in the European insurance sector in January 2016. In particular, it shows how the outstanding loss of a non-life insurer can be estimated under this regime. This regime totally replaces the traditional approaches of providing standard deviations of the liabilities over their full run-off. The requirement under this regime is that each risk shall be calibrated using a value-at-risk measure with 99.5 percentile confidence level over a single period. In connection with this, a bootstrap framework is used to estimate the uncertainty of loss reserve over the single period time horizon. Two process distributions are used namely Over-dispersed Poisson and Gamma in two separate bootstraps to estimate the uncertainty of loss reserve. Further, a comparison is established in the estimated results and it is found that Over-dispersed Poisson process distribution produces lower prediction...
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) insurance sector in terms of efficiency, productivity and returns-to-scale economies. In addition to this, it identifies the determinants of efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) bootstrap approach to estimate the level and determinants of efficiency. In the first stage, the DEA bootstrap approach is employed to estimate bias-corrected efficiency scores. In the second stage, the truncated bootstrapped regression is used to identify the effect of firm-level characteristics on the efficiency of insurers. Moreover, the bootstrapped Malmquist index is used to examine the productivity growth over the observation period 2005–2016. Findings The bootstrapped DEA results show that the Indian non-life insurance sector is moderately technical, scale, cost and allocative efficient, and there is a large opportunity for improvement. More...
International Journal of Statistics in Medical Research
Cancer cells develop several hallmark changes over the progress of the tumor process. Cell assist... more Cancer cells develop several hallmark changes over the progress of the tumor process. Cell assistance in multicellular organisms is regulated by the division of cell coordination by aggressive growth modulation. In this perspective, the use of molecular indicators triggering cell division is a mystery, because a cancer cell can manipulate any molecule that induces and helps growth, disturbing cellular assistance. An effective alteration proceeding to tumors must develop to be competitive, allowing a cancer cell to pass a signal resulting in better selection chances. The subjective simulation of physiological systems has become increasingly valuable in recent years, and there is now a wide range of mathematical models of signalling pathways that have contributed to some groundbreaking discoveries and hypotheses as to how this system works. Here we discuss various modeling methods and their application to the physiology of medical systems, focusing on the identification of parameters ...
PurposeThis paper aims to measure the change and the sources of change in total factor productivi... more PurposeThis paper aims to measure the change and the sources of change in total factor productivity (TFP) of the Indian non-life insurance sector over the period 2005–2016.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs the bootstrapped Malmquist index (MI) to assess the changes in the TFP and adopts a decomposition approach proposed by Balk and Zofío (2018). Moreover, it utilises truncated regression to identify the determinants of the TFP. In addition, it employs Wilcoxon-W test and t-test to scrutinise the difference between the state-owned and the private insurers in terms of variations in TFP and its various components.FindingsThe results divulge a miniature improvement in TFP of the insurance sector, which is primarily attributable to the improvement in scale efficiency (economies of scale). The results also reveal that there are no significant TFP differences across the ownership. However, private insurers have better scale efficiency and lower input-mix efficiency than state-o...
Regardless of the existing governmental and public preventive actions for surveillance and contro... more Regardless of the existing governmental and public preventive actions for surveillance and controlling the air quality in several regions of the Chennai city in India, the air quality does not meet the desired standard. In this regard, this study employs an ARMA/ARIMA modelling approach for forecasting Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), Sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) concentration for three most polluted sites in Chennai city. A total of nine univariate linear stochastic models have been developed, three for each of the stations which includes one for each of the specific pollutants in order to forecasts the concentration of each pollutant. The evaluation of the model statistics R 2 values and index of agreement values evince that a significant level of real-time forecasting of the pollutants can be achieved by employing the developed ARMA/ARIMA models. Moreover, the comparisons of actual air pollutant concentration have been carried out with the permissible limit as prescribed by the National ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) of India for assessing the level of pollution of all three locations.
In this paper we focus on the issues in asset and liability management ALM in health insurance pa... more In this paper we focus on the issues in asset and liability management ALM in health insurance particularly in the Indian context The regulations in health insurance imposed by Insurance regulatory and development authority IRDA for ALM policies Stress testing and mandated Investments are reflected in this paper An analytic approach has been incorporated for measuring duration convexity clean price and dirty price with an amendment in yield till maturity for the bond securities in the portfolio of the health insurer The Changes in the projection of portfolio values with a change in yield have been graphically analysed The Reddingtons immunisation conditions were used for the portfolio of the insurer to analyse the immunisation level The basic chain ladder method is incorporated to predict the Incurred But Not Reported IBNR claims reserve for best estimations of liability value of the insurer
International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) insurance sector in terms of total factor productivity (TFP) over the period 2005–2016. Design/methodology/approach This study utilises Färe‒Primont index (FPI) to access the change in TFP and its components: technical change, technical efficiency and mix and scale efficiency over the observation period. Moreover, it employs the Mann–Whitney U-test to scrutinise the difference between the public and the private insurers in terms of growth in productivity. Findings The results reveal that the insurance sector possesses a very low level of TFP. Also, the results divulge an improvement of 11.98 per cent in TFP of the insurance sector at an annual average rate of 12.41 per cent over the observation period. The growth in productivity is mainly attributable to the improvement of 10.81 per cent in the scale‒mix efficiency. The progress in scale‒mix efficiency is mainly the result of improvement...
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
This paper studies the reserve risk estimation requirement under the Solvency-II regime that came... more This paper studies the reserve risk estimation requirement under the Solvency-II regime that came into effect in the European insurance sector in January 2016. In particular, it shows how the outstanding loss of a non-life insurer can be estimated under this regime. This regime totally replaces the traditional approaches of providing standard deviations of the liabilities over their full run-off. The requirement under this regime is that each risk shall be calibrated using a value-at-risk measure with 99.5 percentile confidence level over a single period. In connection with this, a bootstrap framework is used to estimate the uncertainty of loss reserve over the single period time horizon. Two process distributions are used namely Over-dispersed Poisson and Gamma in two separate bootstraps to estimate the uncertainty of loss reserve. Further, a comparison is established in the estimated results and it is found that Over-dispersed Poisson process distribution produces lower prediction...
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of the Indian non-life (general) insurance sector in terms of efficiency, productivity and returns-to-scale economies. In addition to this, it identifies the determinants of efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) bootstrap approach to estimate the level and determinants of efficiency. In the first stage, the DEA bootstrap approach is employed to estimate bias-corrected efficiency scores. In the second stage, the truncated bootstrapped regression is used to identify the effect of firm-level characteristics on the efficiency of insurers. Moreover, the bootstrapped Malmquist index is used to examine the productivity growth over the observation period 2005–2016. Findings The bootstrapped DEA results show that the Indian non-life insurance sector is moderately technical, scale, cost and allocative efficient, and there is a large opportunity for improvement. More...
International Journal of Statistics in Medical Research
Cancer cells develop several hallmark changes over the progress of the tumor process. Cell assist... more Cancer cells develop several hallmark changes over the progress of the tumor process. Cell assistance in multicellular organisms is regulated by the division of cell coordination by aggressive growth modulation. In this perspective, the use of molecular indicators triggering cell division is a mystery, because a cancer cell can manipulate any molecule that induces and helps growth, disturbing cellular assistance. An effective alteration proceeding to tumors must develop to be competitive, allowing a cancer cell to pass a signal resulting in better selection chances. The subjective simulation of physiological systems has become increasingly valuable in recent years, and there is now a wide range of mathematical models of signalling pathways that have contributed to some groundbreaking discoveries and hypotheses as to how this system works. Here we discuss various modeling methods and their application to the physiology of medical systems, focusing on the identification of parameters ...
PurposeThis paper aims to measure the change and the sources of change in total factor productivi... more PurposeThis paper aims to measure the change and the sources of change in total factor productivity (TFP) of the Indian non-life insurance sector over the period 2005–2016.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs the bootstrapped Malmquist index (MI) to assess the changes in the TFP and adopts a decomposition approach proposed by Balk and Zofío (2018). Moreover, it utilises truncated regression to identify the determinants of the TFP. In addition, it employs Wilcoxon-W test and t-test to scrutinise the difference between the state-owned and the private insurers in terms of variations in TFP and its various components.FindingsThe results divulge a miniature improvement in TFP of the insurance sector, which is primarily attributable to the improvement in scale efficiency (economies of scale). The results also reveal that there are no significant TFP differences across the ownership. However, private insurers have better scale efficiency and lower input-mix efficiency than state-o...
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