Papers by anthoney swamy thangiah
British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2014
Rasayan Journal of Chemistry
The quality of water we drink is imperative and it forms a large percent of our bodies, allowing ... more The quality of water we drink is imperative and it forms a large percent of our bodies, allowing essential cellular chemical reactions to occur. It is, therefore, necessary to monitor for any physiochemical contaminants in the water. The aim of this research was focused to determine the level of sulphate and nitrate ions in drinking water at different locations from Asia-Pacific International University campus by using UV-Spectrophotometer. The drinking water has undergone by reverse-osmosis. Sulphate levels were measured using the turbidity method at 420 nm and nitrate levels by phenoldisulphonic acid methods at 410 nm. The research revealed the sulphate level to be 3.65 to 5.72 mg/L and nitrate level of 1.15 to 4.62 mg/L and these values are significantly lower than the WHO recommended guideline values for drinking water. The continued use of reverse osmosis as a mechanism to purify water is recommended.
Medicinal plants play an important role in the treatment of various sicknesses in Kenya and the w... more Medicinal plants play an important role in the treatment of various sicknesses in Kenya and the whole world. Vernonia adoensis is one of such plants used traditionally in Kenya to treat illness such as gonorrhea. The main aim of conducting this study was to analyze the photochemical composition of the plant. From this study, phenols, saponnins, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins were found on both roots and leaves of the plant, while alkaloids and terpenoids were found on the leaves but absent in the roots. Anthroquinones were found to be absent on leaves and roots of the plant.
Different brands of soft drinks and selected ready to drink juices were randomly sampled from dif... more Different brands of soft drinks and selected ready to drink juices were randomly sampled from different stores in Eldoret town. Two methods of extraction were employed; hydrochloric acid acidified water and distilled water. UV analysis results of acidified water samples, the caffeine levels were found to be in the range of 1.43 mg/L and 40.51 mg/L, the lowest being Stoney and the highest being Coca-Cola respectively. With distilled water alone, the concentration ranged from 1.51 to 39.65 mg/L, these being Stoney and Coca-Cola respectively. Ready to drink juices showed the highest levels of caffeine content in both distilled and acidified water extraction with the lowest reading of 59.43 mg/L obtained from Pineapple Marche brand while the highest concentration was from orange Marche brand with 75.71 mg/L caffeine in acidified water extraction. INTRODUCTION Caffeine has quick effects on the central nervous system. It also increases heart beat rate, dilate blood vessels and elevate lev...
Garcinia kola is cultivated for its economic importance. The plant is mainly used as a medicinal ... more Garcinia kola is cultivated for its economic importance. The plant is mainly used as a medicinal herb in West Africa. Although it is bitter the plant is used as a snack and a stimulant due to the high content of caffeine in the seeds of the plant. The current study was done to investigate the antibacterial activity of the plant seeds and to analyse the presence of important pharmaceutical compounds. From the study the plant seeds were found to contain tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and alkaloids but phenols and steroids were found to be absent in the plant seeds. Among all the organisms tested with the ethanol extract of G. kola, only B. cereus with an inhibition zone of 10.17±0.477 and E. coli with an inhibition zone of 12.83±0.833 were inhibited. All other organisms were not inhibited. The penicillin control showed large zones of inhibition and DMSO did not show any zones of inhibition. The data obtained in this research is a scientific justification of the ...
The study was done to investigate the Mosquito repellency properties of the smoke of Lantana cama... more The study was done to investigate the Mosquito repellency properties of the smoke of Lantana camara in different solvents viz; methanol, ethyl acetate, ethanol and diethyl ether. Plant samples were dried, burned and extracted using various solvents. The extracts were concentrated using a Rota vapor and various concentrations ranging from 50ppm-1000ppm of the repellents were prepared and evaluated. Methanol extract at 400ppm concentration significantly gave the highest protection against the bites of female Anopheles mosquito (P> 0.01) for over 300 minutes. This extract yielded significantly the better protection time (P> 0.05). The methanol extract seemed to have a steady repellency over a longer period than the rest of the extracts. The results from this study shows that the plant Lantana camara can be used effectively to repel Anopheles mosquitoes, hence a great achievement in the development of safe organic repellants to control transmission of malaria by female anopheles m...
INTRODUCTION Vector-Born diseases such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis and arboviral encephaliti... more INTRODUCTION Vector-Born diseases such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis and arboviral encephalitis are transmitted by arthropods with insects-borne being the most important and therefore given a higher priority by WHO in the prevention and control of diseases. These diseases are transmitted by mosquitoes such as anopheles, Culex and Aedes. Culex quinguefasciatus is a type of Culex mosquito known globally to transmit arboviral diseases such rift valley and dengue fever [1]. Mosquito-borne diseases are still as a major problem in the world. Especially in sub-tropical and tropical regions which provide conducive environment for the multiplication of these organisms. The diseases originating from these vectors cause poverty, death and social problems in tropical and sub-tropical countries [2]. The life cycle of Culex mosquitoes is a complete metamorphosis which consist of four developmental stages namely egg, larva, pupa and adult. Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are active only at ni...
The study was carried to analyze the phytochemical constituents of the infused Plectranthus argen... more The study was carried to analyze the phytochemical constituents of the infused Plectranthus argentatus leaves. The samples were extracted by boiling the plant leaves in water. From the study the infused leaves of Plectranthus argentatus were found to contain tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and steroidal rings but terpenoids and steroids were found to be absent. The presence of these important phytochemicals in the plant leaves is a scientific justification of the use of the plant in the traditional treatment against various diseases affecting humans and animals. However, more research needs to be done to identify the specific compounds, there structural formulas and their contribution towards the medicinal value of the plant
Archivio di medicina interna
The main aim of conducting this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of methanol–water ex... more The main aim of conducting this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of methanol–water extract of Vernonia adoensis leaves against Salmonella typi, Klebsiella sp, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli, Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter aerogenes. The leaves powders of the plant were extracted with methanol and water in the ratio 9:1. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by agar well diffusion method. Vernonia adoensis leaves methanol water extract was found to control the growth of B. cereus, Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli at zones of inhibition of 20.17 ± 0.307, 17.33 ± 0.211,11.67 ± 0.494 and 12.17 ± 0.477 respectively. From the study methanol-water extract can be used to control B. creus, Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus pyogenes and Proteus vulgaris. More research needs to be done to identify the specific bioactive compounds
The main aim of conducting this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of methanol–water ex... more The main aim of conducting this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of methanol–water extract of Vernonia adoensis roots against Salmonella typi, Klebsiella sp, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli, Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter aerogenes.The roots powder of the plant were extracted with methanol and water in the ratio 9:1. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by agar well diffusion method. Vernonia adeonsis roots extract was found to control the growth of only B. cereus, S. pyogenes and Proteus vulgaris at zone of inhibition of 10.50 ± 0.563, 15.67 ± 0.422 and 11.00 ± 0.577 respectively. From the study methanol- water extract can be used to control B. cereus, S. pyogenes and Proteus vulgaris. More research needs to be done to identify the specific bioactive compounds, their structural formulas, their mode of action and toxicity in vivo conditions.
The study was conducted to investigate the larvicidal activity of Vernonia adoensis roots methano... more The study was conducted to investigate the larvicidal activity of Vernonia adoensis roots methanol -water extract against Culex quinquefasciatus. The plant samples were extracted using methanol and water in the ratio 9:1. From the study the roots of Vernonia adoensis were found to have toxicity against Culex quinguefasciatus with a percentage mortality of 80% at a concentration of 2000 mg/l, 80% at a concentration of 1000 mg/l, 60% concentration of 500 mg/l and 20% concentration of 250 mg/l. The results from this study shows that Vernonia adoensis roots extract can be used as a potential insecticide against Culex quinquefasciatus. More research needs to be done to analyze the specific compounds in the plant which are acting against the larvae. INTRODUCTION Vector-Born diseases such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis and arboviral encephalitis are transmitted by arthropods with insects-borne being the most important and therefore given a higher priority by WHO in the prevention and con...
Journal of Biological & Scientific Opinion, 2015
The study was conducted to analyze the antibacterial activity of Plectranthus argentatus plant le... more The study was conducted to analyze the antibacterial activity of Plectranthus argentatus plant leaves. The plant sample was extracted using methanol and water in the ratio 9:1. From the study the plant Plectranthus argentatus was found to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli with a zone of inhibition of 11.67 ± 0.882, Serratia liquefaciens zone of inhibition of 12.67 ± 0.667, Bacillus cereus 28.00 ± 1.154 and Proteus vulgaris 11.00 ± 0.577. The bacteria which had a zone of inhibition of less than 8 mm were termed to be unsusceptible. The data collected and documented in this paper is a scientific justification that the plant Plectranthus argentatus can be used to treat against various diseases caused by E.coli, S. liquefaciens, Bacillus cereus and Proteus vulgaris. However, more scientific data needs to be provided to indicate the mode action of the plant active compounds against the pathogens.
Int. J. of Pharm. & Life Sci.(IJPLS), 2011
Many natural products from marine sources are endowed with promising immunomodulating activities,... more Many natural products from marine sources are endowed with promising immunomodulating activities, thus representing invaluable leads in the drug discovery. The aim of this review is to highlight the work on natural immunomodulators from marine origin with around 35 naturally available marine sources have been explained. This review also discusses various chemical constituents responsible for immunomodulatory action along with their mechanism involved in immunomodulation. This work stimulates the researchers for further work on the marine immunomodulators.
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Papers by anthoney swamy thangiah