IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2021
Bolometer sensors are prominent and excellent choice in technology because they do not need cooli... more Bolometer sensors are prominent and excellent choice in technology because they do not need cooling. The trade-off between high sensitivity, fast response time, and strong light absorption is a key important challenge in bolometer sensors. Here, the bolometric effect for a high resistance sensitivity plasmonic sensing of total and profile infusion of radiation is studied for the proposed bolometer sensor based on plasmonic multilayer structure at 26° C. In the present study, by generating strong coupling condition between incident wave and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), a very narrow absorption spectra with high figure of merit (FoM) is achieved. The analytical model and numerical simulation are fulfilled based on the transfer matrix method (TMM) and 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), respectively. The narrow absorption spectra that generate by strong coupling with SPPs heats the silver thin film that leads to variation in temperature and supports TE surface mode. This temperature change rectifies the resistance of the metal thin film by the bolometric effect. So, optical characteristics of the proposed metasurface bolometer sensor, including quality factor (Q), sensitivity, and figure of merit (FoM) are calculated that Max sensitivity, FoM, and Q are 17.2 RIU-1, 530 and 434.5, respectively. Finally, we analytically simulate the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) in terms of wavelength and refractive index of analyte (na) that this resistance change can be monitored by an external electric model. The proposed plasmonic multilayer configuration is a very compact footprint structure that achieved high resistance sensitivity and FoM in comparison with any previous reports. This proposed thermal, optical, and electric plasmonic metasurface bolometer sensor can be used in different applications such as biophysics, biology, and environmental science.
In this paper, by using the non-linear effects and also destructive and constructive interference... more In this paper, by using the non-linear effects and also destructive and constructive interferences between waveguides, we have designed and simulated an all-optical full-Subtractor based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. The proposed Subtractor has a very simple structure which is composed of 33×31 silicon rods immersed in air in a square lattice and involves three input ports (bits) and an additional waveguide to exhaust the unwanted light. We imposed some defect rods to control the behavior of the light. The used non-linear material, is a doped glass with 1.4×10 − 14 m 2 /w non-linear refractive index which is very greater than the non-linearity refractive index of silicon, 3.46×10 − 20 m 2 /w. Since the proposed structure is very simple and compact, it can be applicable in optical integrated circuits and optical calculations.
Using plasmonic devices, by converting incoming light into surface plasmon polaritons on the bord... more Using plasmonic devices, by converting incoming light into surface plasmon polaritons on the border between metal and dielectric at the same frequency, faster signal processing and light transmission is possible in the very compact space. In this paper we tried to design a new structure for slow light creation based on plasmonic induced transparency in a circular metal-dielectric-metal resonator. Length of the proposed plasmonic system is about 600 nm and the radius of the ring is equal to 5.5 micrometers. First we used gold as the metal of the structure then changed it to silver. In both cases, the dielectric material is poly-methyl meta-acrylic, the pump wavelength is 1550 nm and the signal wavelength is 860 nm. Simulation results show that in the first case, where the metal is gold, slow light features are much better in comparison with the second case, where the metal is silver.
Method of the analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in plasmonic metal– dielec... more Method of the analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in plasmonic metal– dielectric–metal (MIM) waveguide is proposed by using symmetric side-coupled elliptic cavities and simulated by Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). In this paper comparison and investigation in novel structure creating a slow light device based on plasmonic induced transparency (PIT), in ring resonator of elliptic shape with metal-dielectric-metal is examined. In this proposed structure, a ring resonator with two input ports and two output ports for occurrence and investigate of plasmon's mode in a waveguide system is examined. Poly metyle meta acrylate is used for dielectric that is sandwiched between gold metal layers. Wavelength of the pump for transparency of media is 1550 nm and wavelength of small signal in this structure is 820 nm. The length of this proposed device is 500 nm. In the proposed structure, we will get the real and imaginary of refractive index and slow down factor. T...
In this paper we introduce a band pass filter based on plasmonic induced transparency in nanomete... more In this paper we introduce a band pass filter based on plasmonic induced transparency in nanometer scale, which includes a resonant cavity and a metal-dielectric-metal waveguide. Wide stop-band, sharp transition band, small dimensions and tunability are the advantages of the filter structure. The finite-difference timedomain method is used to analyze and simulate this structure.
The provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 that took effect i... more The provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 that took effect in 2014 were expected to result in a substantial expansion of health insurance coverage in the United States and increased access to behavioral health services. The increase in coverage was achieved through a combination of expanded eligibility for public programs, such as Medicaid, and increased access to private insurance coverage. Private insurance was expanded through an employer mandate, subsidies for the purchase of individual coverage, and the creation of health insurance exchanges (also known as marketplaces) through which individuals and small employers could purchase coverage. The ACA was expected to expand insurance coverage to a projected 37 million previously uninsured Americans and approximately 29% of them have a behavioral health disorder.1,2 People who were uninsured prior to the ACA had a higher prevalence rate of behavioral health conditions than the overall population.3
The analysis, and realization of a tunable polarization beam splitter based on the plasma dispers... more The analysis, and realization of a tunable polarization beam splitter based on the plasma dispersion effect at near infrared frequencies are presented. By utilizing graphene as a tunable optical material, various types of splitter including TE and TM are implemented. The structure considered here supports graphene plasmons whose dispersion properties can be harnessed by applying an external voltage to the graphene. By utilizing this feature, coupling of the incident light to the graphene plasmons of the structure is used to enhance the extinction ratio of the proposed structure. The output extinction ratio reached to the values as high as 21 dB and the footprint was reduced to 1290nm×m×m. This provides a path for development of novel practical on-chip applications such as plasmonic rotator devices.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of organizational learning and knowledge shari... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of organizational learning and knowledge sharing in the development of intellectual capital at Islamic Azad University of Khorramabad in the form of factors related to organizational learning (individual skills, mental models, shared vision, team learning, systems thinking) and sharing of knowledge (culture, structure, information technology, confidence, attitude, social relationships, personal relationships, group relations) on the one hand and intellectual capital components entitled human capital, structural capital and relational capital on the other side. Sharing knowledge and organizational learning as the independent variables and intellectual capital is dependent variable. Data required by a standard questionnaire on organizational learning, sharing of knowledge and intellectual capital by referring to the 102 employees (faculty and staff) Islamic Azad University of Khorramabad collected and analyzed, in addition to describ...
The international conference on population and development held in Cairo in 1994 has became a his... more The international conference on population and development held in Cairo in 1994 has became a historical turning point in the way population policies and programmes are perceived and sexual and reproductive health services are conceptualised and delivered. Inherent in the ICPD plan of action is the concept of care that recommends providing a range of reproductive health services to both men and women, that are safe and effective, and that satisfy clients, needs and wants. Clients are far more likely to use services that are of high quality. Achieving quality care requires complying with high technical and ethical standards (such as freedom of choice, informed consent, and freedom from coercion and abuse) and providing services at costs that are affordable to both clients and health care system. The most common barriers to quality are negative provider attitudes or behaviours, poor interactions between clients and providers, a lack of essential drugs and supplies in facilities, and d...
The Population Council confronts critical health and development issues-from stopping the spread ... more The Population Council confronts critical health and development issues-from stopping the spread of HIV to improving reproductive health and ensuring that young people lead full and productive lives. Through biomedical, social science, and public health research in 50 countries, we work with our partners to deliver solutions that lead to more effective policies, programs, and technologies that improve lives.
In this study, a novel, two-dimensional photonic crystal-based structure for the 2-to-4 optical d... more In this study, a novel, two-dimensional photonic crystal-based structure for the 2-to-4 optical decoder is presented. The structure consists of 23 rows and 14 columns of chalcogenide rods that are arranged in a square lattice with a spatial periodicity of 530 nm. The bias and the optical signals are guided toward the main waveguide through the three waveguides. Two unequal powers are applied to the input ports to approach the different intensities proportional to four working states into the main waveguide. Four cavities including the nonlinear rods are in response to drop the optical waves toward the output ports. To calculate the band diagram and the spatial distribution of the electric and magnetic fields, the plane wave expansion and the finite difference time domain methods have been used. The delay time of the designed structure is obtained around 220 fs, which is less than one for the previous structures. Furthermore, the gap between the margins for logic 0 and 1 is equal to ...
We have numerically investigated an analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a... more We have numerically investigated an analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a metaldielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide bend. The geometry consists of two asymmetrical stubs extending parallel to an arm of a straight MDM waveguide bend. Finite-difference time-domain simulations show that a transparent window is located at 1550 nm, which is the phenomenon of plasmonic-induced transparency (PIT). Signal wavelength is assumed to be 820 nm. The velocity of the plasmonic mode can be largely slowed down while propagating along the MDM bends. Multiple-peak plasmon-induced transparency can be realized by cascading multiple cavities with different lengths and suitable cavity-cavity separations. Large group index up to 73 can be obtained at the PIT window. Our proposed configuration may thus be applied to storing and stopping light in plasmonic waveguide bends. In addition, the relationship between the transmission characteristics and the geometric parameters including the radius of the nano-ring, the coupling distance, and the deviation length between the stub and the nano-ring is studied in a step further. The velocity of the plasmonic mode can be largely slowed down while propagating along the MDM bends. For indirect coupling, formation of transparency window is determined by resonance detuning, but, evolution of transparency is mainly attributed to the change of the coupling distance. Theoretical results may provide a guideline for control of light in highly integrated optical circuits. The characteristics of our plasmonic system indicate a significant potential application in integrated optical circuits such as optical storage, ultrafast plasmonic switch, highly performance filter, and slow light devices.
BACKGROUND Esophagectomy is the mainstay of treatment for esophageal cancer. Although different s... more BACKGROUND Esophagectomy is the mainstay of treatment for esophageal cancer. Although different surgical approaches have been described, choosing the most appropriate technique is still on debate. We compared the complications of transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) versus left transthoracic esophagectomy (LTE) among a group of Iranian patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer. METHODS This was a retrospective study between 2011 and 2013 on 40 patients with gastroesophageal cancer. 23 patients underwent THE and the others underwent LTE. 30-day postoperative mortality, complications, duration of hospital stay, and number of dissected lymph nodes were studied. RESULTS 37.5% of the patients had squamous cell carcinoma. No mortality was seen. Totally, 10 patients suffered from complications. Cardiac and pulmonary complications occurred in eight and six patients, respectively. No patients suffered from vocal cord injuries and anastomotic leakage. The mean duration of postoperative hospit...
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting acetylcholine postsynaptic receptor of ... more Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting acetylcholine postsynaptic receptor of voluntary muscles. Thymectomy is done in these patients and is a mainstay in the treatment of MG; however, the long-term result of surgery is still controversial. This study dealt with the investigation of the results of thymectomy in treatment, recovery and control of the symptoms of these patients. This study was performed through a retrospective method in patients suffering from MG who underwent trans-sternal thymectomy between 2011 and 2016. We conducted thymectomy, excision of mediastinal mass and contents of tissues between the right and left phrenic nerves for all patients. Then, the effect of various variables including age, sex, time interval between onset of disease and surgery, thymus pathology and the dosage of drug on clinical response after surgery was determined using various statistical tests. 47 patients including 26 men and 21 women with the mean age of 33.0 ± 4.6 years...
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of... more Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The first-line treatment is usually high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. Intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis have also shown to be beneficial. Immunosuppressive agents like cyclophosphamide have been used in adults with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. We report a case of a 3-year-old boy with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Minimal improvement was seen with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis. Based on the reports of cyclophosphamide being used successfully to treat adult patients with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, we used it in our patient who then showed dramatic and quick improvement. We suggest that if conventional treatment fails, cyclophosphamide could be tried in pediatric patients with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 2011
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the most important and pressing issues confrontin... more Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the most important and pressing issues confronting business executives these days. Despite widespread attention, there is little agreement about what constitutes CSR, or why companies should pursue social objectives, or what effects this has on firm performance. We trace the evolution of the CSR concept in various business disciplines and synopsize interrelated constructs and themes. The picture that emerges suggests a multidimensional construct worthy of multidisciplinary attention.
Adrenal cysts are rare lesions which are usually nonfunctional and asymptomatic. Adrenal pseudocy... more Adrenal cysts are rare lesions which are usually nonfunctional and asymptomatic. Adrenal pseudocysts do not have epithelial linings and account for about 40% of adrenal cysts. We report a case of giant adrenal pseudocyst in a 32 year old woman presenting with flank pain who had undergone surgical excision.
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2021
Bolometer sensors are prominent and excellent choice in technology because they do not need cooli... more Bolometer sensors are prominent and excellent choice in technology because they do not need cooling. The trade-off between high sensitivity, fast response time, and strong light absorption is a key important challenge in bolometer sensors. Here, the bolometric effect for a high resistance sensitivity plasmonic sensing of total and profile infusion of radiation is studied for the proposed bolometer sensor based on plasmonic multilayer structure at 26° C. In the present study, by generating strong coupling condition between incident wave and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), a very narrow absorption spectra with high figure of merit (FoM) is achieved. The analytical model and numerical simulation are fulfilled based on the transfer matrix method (TMM) and 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), respectively. The narrow absorption spectra that generate by strong coupling with SPPs heats the silver thin film that leads to variation in temperature and supports TE surface mode. This temperature change rectifies the resistance of the metal thin film by the bolometric effect. So, optical characteristics of the proposed metasurface bolometer sensor, including quality factor (Q), sensitivity, and figure of merit (FoM) are calculated that Max sensitivity, FoM, and Q are 17.2 RIU-1, 530 and 434.5, respectively. Finally, we analytically simulate the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) in terms of wavelength and refractive index of analyte (na) that this resistance change can be monitored by an external electric model. The proposed plasmonic multilayer configuration is a very compact footprint structure that achieved high resistance sensitivity and FoM in comparison with any previous reports. This proposed thermal, optical, and electric plasmonic metasurface bolometer sensor can be used in different applications such as biophysics, biology, and environmental science.
In this paper, by using the non-linear effects and also destructive and constructive interference... more In this paper, by using the non-linear effects and also destructive and constructive interferences between waveguides, we have designed and simulated an all-optical full-Subtractor based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. The proposed Subtractor has a very simple structure which is composed of 33×31 silicon rods immersed in air in a square lattice and involves three input ports (bits) and an additional waveguide to exhaust the unwanted light. We imposed some defect rods to control the behavior of the light. The used non-linear material, is a doped glass with 1.4×10 − 14 m 2 /w non-linear refractive index which is very greater than the non-linearity refractive index of silicon, 3.46×10 − 20 m 2 /w. Since the proposed structure is very simple and compact, it can be applicable in optical integrated circuits and optical calculations.
Using plasmonic devices, by converting incoming light into surface plasmon polaritons on the bord... more Using plasmonic devices, by converting incoming light into surface plasmon polaritons on the border between metal and dielectric at the same frequency, faster signal processing and light transmission is possible in the very compact space. In this paper we tried to design a new structure for slow light creation based on plasmonic induced transparency in a circular metal-dielectric-metal resonator. Length of the proposed plasmonic system is about 600 nm and the radius of the ring is equal to 5.5 micrometers. First we used gold as the metal of the structure then changed it to silver. In both cases, the dielectric material is poly-methyl meta-acrylic, the pump wavelength is 1550 nm and the signal wavelength is 860 nm. Simulation results show that in the first case, where the metal is gold, slow light features are much better in comparison with the second case, where the metal is silver.
Method of the analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in plasmonic metal– dielec... more Method of the analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in plasmonic metal– dielectric–metal (MIM) waveguide is proposed by using symmetric side-coupled elliptic cavities and simulated by Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). In this paper comparison and investigation in novel structure creating a slow light device based on plasmonic induced transparency (PIT), in ring resonator of elliptic shape with metal-dielectric-metal is examined. In this proposed structure, a ring resonator with two input ports and two output ports for occurrence and investigate of plasmon's mode in a waveguide system is examined. Poly metyle meta acrylate is used for dielectric that is sandwiched between gold metal layers. Wavelength of the pump for transparency of media is 1550 nm and wavelength of small signal in this structure is 820 nm. The length of this proposed device is 500 nm. In the proposed structure, we will get the real and imaginary of refractive index and slow down factor. T...
In this paper we introduce a band pass filter based on plasmonic induced transparency in nanomete... more In this paper we introduce a band pass filter based on plasmonic induced transparency in nanometer scale, which includes a resonant cavity and a metal-dielectric-metal waveguide. Wide stop-band, sharp transition band, small dimensions and tunability are the advantages of the filter structure. The finite-difference timedomain method is used to analyze and simulate this structure.
The provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 that took effect i... more The provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 that took effect in 2014 were expected to result in a substantial expansion of health insurance coverage in the United States and increased access to behavioral health services. The increase in coverage was achieved through a combination of expanded eligibility for public programs, such as Medicaid, and increased access to private insurance coverage. Private insurance was expanded through an employer mandate, subsidies for the purchase of individual coverage, and the creation of health insurance exchanges (also known as marketplaces) through which individuals and small employers could purchase coverage. The ACA was expected to expand insurance coverage to a projected 37 million previously uninsured Americans and approximately 29% of them have a behavioral health disorder.1,2 People who were uninsured prior to the ACA had a higher prevalence rate of behavioral health conditions than the overall population.3
The analysis, and realization of a tunable polarization beam splitter based on the plasma dispers... more The analysis, and realization of a tunable polarization beam splitter based on the plasma dispersion effect at near infrared frequencies are presented. By utilizing graphene as a tunable optical material, various types of splitter including TE and TM are implemented. The structure considered here supports graphene plasmons whose dispersion properties can be harnessed by applying an external voltage to the graphene. By utilizing this feature, coupling of the incident light to the graphene plasmons of the structure is used to enhance the extinction ratio of the proposed structure. The output extinction ratio reached to the values as high as 21 dB and the footprint was reduced to 1290nm×m×m. This provides a path for development of novel practical on-chip applications such as plasmonic rotator devices.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of organizational learning and knowledge shari... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of organizational learning and knowledge sharing in the development of intellectual capital at Islamic Azad University of Khorramabad in the form of factors related to organizational learning (individual skills, mental models, shared vision, team learning, systems thinking) and sharing of knowledge (culture, structure, information technology, confidence, attitude, social relationships, personal relationships, group relations) on the one hand and intellectual capital components entitled human capital, structural capital and relational capital on the other side. Sharing knowledge and organizational learning as the independent variables and intellectual capital is dependent variable. Data required by a standard questionnaire on organizational learning, sharing of knowledge and intellectual capital by referring to the 102 employees (faculty and staff) Islamic Azad University of Khorramabad collected and analyzed, in addition to describ...
The international conference on population and development held in Cairo in 1994 has became a his... more The international conference on population and development held in Cairo in 1994 has became a historical turning point in the way population policies and programmes are perceived and sexual and reproductive health services are conceptualised and delivered. Inherent in the ICPD plan of action is the concept of care that recommends providing a range of reproductive health services to both men and women, that are safe and effective, and that satisfy clients, needs and wants. Clients are far more likely to use services that are of high quality. Achieving quality care requires complying with high technical and ethical standards (such as freedom of choice, informed consent, and freedom from coercion and abuse) and providing services at costs that are affordable to both clients and health care system. The most common barriers to quality are negative provider attitudes or behaviours, poor interactions between clients and providers, a lack of essential drugs and supplies in facilities, and d...
The Population Council confronts critical health and development issues-from stopping the spread ... more The Population Council confronts critical health and development issues-from stopping the spread of HIV to improving reproductive health and ensuring that young people lead full and productive lives. Through biomedical, social science, and public health research in 50 countries, we work with our partners to deliver solutions that lead to more effective policies, programs, and technologies that improve lives.
In this study, a novel, two-dimensional photonic crystal-based structure for the 2-to-4 optical d... more In this study, a novel, two-dimensional photonic crystal-based structure for the 2-to-4 optical decoder is presented. The structure consists of 23 rows and 14 columns of chalcogenide rods that are arranged in a square lattice with a spatial periodicity of 530 nm. The bias and the optical signals are guided toward the main waveguide through the three waveguides. Two unequal powers are applied to the input ports to approach the different intensities proportional to four working states into the main waveguide. Four cavities including the nonlinear rods are in response to drop the optical waves toward the output ports. To calculate the band diagram and the spatial distribution of the electric and magnetic fields, the plane wave expansion and the finite difference time domain methods have been used. The delay time of the designed structure is obtained around 220 fs, which is less than one for the previous structures. Furthermore, the gap between the margins for logic 0 and 1 is equal to ...
We have numerically investigated an analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a... more We have numerically investigated an analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a metaldielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide bend. The geometry consists of two asymmetrical stubs extending parallel to an arm of a straight MDM waveguide bend. Finite-difference time-domain simulations show that a transparent window is located at 1550 nm, which is the phenomenon of plasmonic-induced transparency (PIT). Signal wavelength is assumed to be 820 nm. The velocity of the plasmonic mode can be largely slowed down while propagating along the MDM bends. Multiple-peak plasmon-induced transparency can be realized by cascading multiple cavities with different lengths and suitable cavity-cavity separations. Large group index up to 73 can be obtained at the PIT window. Our proposed configuration may thus be applied to storing and stopping light in plasmonic waveguide bends. In addition, the relationship between the transmission characteristics and the geometric parameters including the radius of the nano-ring, the coupling distance, and the deviation length between the stub and the nano-ring is studied in a step further. The velocity of the plasmonic mode can be largely slowed down while propagating along the MDM bends. For indirect coupling, formation of transparency window is determined by resonance detuning, but, evolution of transparency is mainly attributed to the change of the coupling distance. Theoretical results may provide a guideline for control of light in highly integrated optical circuits. The characteristics of our plasmonic system indicate a significant potential application in integrated optical circuits such as optical storage, ultrafast plasmonic switch, highly performance filter, and slow light devices.
BACKGROUND Esophagectomy is the mainstay of treatment for esophageal cancer. Although different s... more BACKGROUND Esophagectomy is the mainstay of treatment for esophageal cancer. Although different surgical approaches have been described, choosing the most appropriate technique is still on debate. We compared the complications of transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) versus left transthoracic esophagectomy (LTE) among a group of Iranian patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer. METHODS This was a retrospective study between 2011 and 2013 on 40 patients with gastroesophageal cancer. 23 patients underwent THE and the others underwent LTE. 30-day postoperative mortality, complications, duration of hospital stay, and number of dissected lymph nodes were studied. RESULTS 37.5% of the patients had squamous cell carcinoma. No mortality was seen. Totally, 10 patients suffered from complications. Cardiac and pulmonary complications occurred in eight and six patients, respectively. No patients suffered from vocal cord injuries and anastomotic leakage. The mean duration of postoperative hospit...
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting acetylcholine postsynaptic receptor of ... more Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting acetylcholine postsynaptic receptor of voluntary muscles. Thymectomy is done in these patients and is a mainstay in the treatment of MG; however, the long-term result of surgery is still controversial. This study dealt with the investigation of the results of thymectomy in treatment, recovery and control of the symptoms of these patients. This study was performed through a retrospective method in patients suffering from MG who underwent trans-sternal thymectomy between 2011 and 2016. We conducted thymectomy, excision of mediastinal mass and contents of tissues between the right and left phrenic nerves for all patients. Then, the effect of various variables including age, sex, time interval between onset of disease and surgery, thymus pathology and the dosage of drug on clinical response after surgery was determined using various statistical tests. 47 patients including 26 men and 21 women with the mean age of 33.0 ± 4.6 years...
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of... more Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The first-line treatment is usually high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. Intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis have also shown to be beneficial. Immunosuppressive agents like cyclophosphamide have been used in adults with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. We report a case of a 3-year-old boy with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Minimal improvement was seen with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis. Based on the reports of cyclophosphamide being used successfully to treat adult patients with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, we used it in our patient who then showed dramatic and quick improvement. We suggest that if conventional treatment fails, cyclophosphamide could be tried in pediatric patients with fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 2011
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the most important and pressing issues confrontin... more Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the most important and pressing issues confronting business executives these days. Despite widespread attention, there is little agreement about what constitutes CSR, or why companies should pursue social objectives, or what effects this has on firm performance. We trace the evolution of the CSR concept in various business disciplines and synopsize interrelated constructs and themes. The picture that emerges suggests a multidimensional construct worthy of multidisciplinary attention.
Adrenal cysts are rare lesions which are usually nonfunctional and asymptomatic. Adrenal pseudocy... more Adrenal cysts are rare lesions which are usually nonfunctional and asymptomatic. Adrenal pseudocysts do not have epithelial linings and account for about 40% of adrenal cysts. We report a case of giant adrenal pseudocyst in a 32 year old woman presenting with flank pain who had undergone surgical excision.
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