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sikiru adewale

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I am private legal practitioner and law lecturer at Department of Public Law, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria and Part-Time law lecturer/facilitator at School of Law, National Open University of Nigeria, Osogbo Study Centre, Osun State

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INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORKS ON NUCLEAR ENERGY AS TOOTHLESS BULLDOGS

Nuclear weapons are explosive devices designed to release nuclear energy on a large scale, used p... more Nuclear weapons are explosive devices designed to release nuclear energy on a large scale, used primarily as weapons of mass destruction in military applications. The first atomic bomb (ie nuclear weapon) was tested on July 16, 1945 near Alamogordo, New Mexico; and since then man can think of possibility of destruction of his race. This paper examines the international law on nuclear energy with a view to making the human race safe from the development of nuclear weapons. The library methodology -relevant textbooks, articles in journals and newspapers and internet facilities -is employed in this paper. This paper discovers that majority of the provisions of the international law lack the incisive 'bite' which is an essential requirement of law meant to curb excesses of man. The paper concludes with practical solutions to the problem such as positive review of the law regimes.

THE WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION – APPRAISAL OF ITS LAWS AND NIGERIA MEMBERSHIP BY: ADEWALE, SIKIRU AKINPELU1 ORIGIN AND CREATION OF WTO

The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 purposed creation of an International Trade Organization (IT... more The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 purposed creation of an International Trade Organization (ITO) to establish rules and regulations for trade between countries. The ITO Charter was agreed at the UN Conference on Trade and Employment in Havana in March, 1948, but was blocked by the U.S. Senate.2 Some writers have argued that the failure might have resulted from fears within the American business community that the ITO could be used to regulate, rather than liberate, big business.3 Only one element of the ITO survived: The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT's Replacement, Between 1986 and 1994, Uruguay Round of GATT Seven rounds of negotiations occurred under GATT before the eight round-the Uruguay round concluded in 1995 with the establishment of the WTO as the GATT negotiations Morocco. India, along with 123 Ministers besides the EC countries signed the final Act incorporating the English Round of Multilateral trade negotiations. The Final Act consists of: (i) The WTO Agreement which covers the formation of the organisation and the rules governing its working; and (ii) The ministerial decisions and declarations which contain the important Agreements covering trade in goods, services, intellectual property and Plurilateral trade. They also contain the disputes settlement rules and trade policy review system. The WTO Agreement is in fact the Uruguay round agreement whereby the original GATT is now a part of the WTO Agreement which came into force from 1 January, 1995. So, on January 1, 1995, the WTO came into existence. The GATT principles and agreements were adopted by the WTO, which was charged with administering and extending them. Unlike the GATT, the WTO has a substantial institutional structure. At the roundtable talks in Uruguay, developed countries presented what they felt was a way of creating a global trade agreement that would " make the world a better place to live " .4 Most African countries who attended the conference signed the agreement, but without reading or understanding the implications for their countries. Some from francophone African countries were sued to have signed the agreement based on the fact that France did, while some of the officials signed after dinner with some business tycoons from the west.5 AIMS OBJECTIVE AND PURPOSE OF WTO

UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL: TOWARDS NEW APPROACH TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY by SIKIRU AKINPELU ADEWALE

In the wake of bigotry, fundamentalism, unilateralism, brazen terror attacks witnessed recently i... more In the wake of bigotry, fundamentalism, unilateralism, brazen terror attacks witnessed recently in most part of the world, the issue of international security has been brought to the front burner of global discourse. The seeming waning role of the United Nations Security Council in the face of these international challenges provides a compelling reason to revalidate the United Nations Security Council's role as the umpire and guarantor of international security. Central to this discourse are a wide range of controversies. This study limits itself to the controversies surrounding the call for the Council to democratize and reflect the current or de facto power capabilities of the current members of the United Nations Security Council as well as the need for the Council to reflect variations in the view of the expanded membership of the United Nations General Assembly. In discussing these issues, the paper argues that there is a dire need to spread the number of the permanent members of the Council to accommodate at least one representative from each of the continents. This includes also the need for transparency in its decision making apparatus, through application of checks and balances, as well as the use of simple majority vote needed to counter arbitrariness in the use of veto power. It concludes however on the optimistic hope that the political will and understanding of the existing permanent members would be needed to effect these rather far-reaching reorganizations of the Council.

THE MYTH AND REALITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM'S CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS IN NIGERIA BY: ADEWALE, SIKIRU AKINPELU1

Local Government system operates at grassroots level and its importance is felt throughout Nigeri... more Local Government system operates at grassroots level and its importance is felt throughout Nigeria. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, as amended, provides for establishment of an independent local government system that have some necessary and specific assignments to perform. The Constitution also provides adequate revenue to meet the tasks it puts before the system. No wonders that the failure of local government system in Nigeria affects not only the state government but also the federal government. Does what operates at Nigerian local governments justify the objectives and the purposes for which they were created? If no, what is responsible for the condition? And what are the ways-out? This study looks at definitions of the term local government by legal authorities traces the brief historical development of the system; and criticizes caretaker / transitional committees of the local government. This study furthermore examines the local government system under various constitutions and draft-constitutions since 1979, guidelines, decrees and laws. Efforts are made to analyze how the local governments fare in its functions and powers. Experiences in other jurisdictions are also considered and this study provides constructive and positive suggestions for improvement in the status of the local government system in Nigeria.

4 THE LEGAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CLANDESTINE RETURN OF STOLEN STATE'S FUND.docx

President Muhammadu Buhari of Nigeria, in his visit to the United States immediately he assumed d... more President Muhammadu Buhari of Nigeria, in his visit to the United States immediately he assumed duty, expressed his determination to recover allegedly stolen funds from the previous administration. He said he would arrest and prosecute past political leaders and other officials who allegedly stole Nigeria's money and diverted government's money into personal accounts. Stolen state's fund, also referred to as proceeds of corruption, illicit enrichment, constitutes the main predicate for money laundering in Africa. For several decades, it was nearly impossible for countries that had been plundered bytheir corrupt rulers to take effective action to recover their assets that had been stolenor concealed abroad. The majority of countries that were the recipients of these illicitfunds had no

PLEA BARGAINING IN CRIMINAL PROSECUTION

8 REVIEW OF DECLARATORY JUDGMENT IN OBA J. A. LAOYE V. OBA BELLO OYEWUSI SC. 47 170.docx

Sometimes in 2013, Ede people decided to install a signboard on the land of Ede as confirmed by t... more Sometimes in 2013, Ede people decided to install a signboard on the land of Ede as confirmed by the above judgment. In the process of installing the signboard at the right place, Ido-Osun people confronted and attacked Ede people. In the process, disputes ensued. An essential attribute of law is that it is dynamic, evolving to meet prevailing social norms and standards. Is the steps taken by Ede people right under the law? If not, what are the lawful actions to be taken? This paper peruses the above judgment and analyses, because of restriction placed on the words, import and execution of declaratory judgment in the case. However, there are injunction and damages aspects of the judgment.

TRESPASS ON THE LAND OF EDE: MISUSE OF POWERS BY OSUN STATE CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT TERRITORY SIKIRU AKINPELU ADEWALE DEPT OF PUBLIC LAW FACULTY OF LAW

Some pieces of land belonging to Ede people that fall into the Capital Territory are being misuse... more Some pieces of land belonging to Ede people that fall into the Capital Territory are being misused or abused by the State Government as the name of those pieces of land being changed to Osogbo. Ede people take some action to restrict such acts of trespass to property belonging to them. This paper looks into the actions of the Osun State Government and those of Ede people from legal view point most especially the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the Osun State Capital Development Authority Law

APPRAISAL OF NIGERIA AND HER MEMBERSHIP OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORT COUNTRIES (OPEC) APPRAISAL OF NIGERIA AND HER MEMBERSHIP OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORT COUNTRIES (OPEC

by sikiru adewale and SIKIRU A K I N P E L U ADEWALE, Ph.D

As OPEC celebrated its 50th anniversary recently, the OPEC anniversary slogan -'Supporting Stabil... more As OPEC celebrated its 50th anniversary recently, the OPEC anniversary slogan -'Supporting Stability, Fuelling Prosperity' couldn't be more appropriate. Over the years, the challenges facing member countries have deepened beyond stability of crude prices alone. The challenge of prosperity now manifests itself in better linkage of the oil sector to the wider economy of the member countries as well as optimal utilization of both crude oil and natural gas which in the past was a nuisance by-product of crude oil production, but now has come of age and is extremely valuable. Member countries now have to address these issues to make more leverage of their membership of OPEC. Nigerian government had come under intense pressures from within and from without to pull the country out of the OPEC. Nigeria is now facing the crude pain of oil dependent economy and the challenges of corruption, insurgencies and terrorism with dwindling oil revenues with budgetary deficit. What are the pros and cons of Nigeria's membership of this peculiar organization dedicated to fair pricing of petroleum products? This is the purport of this paper. This paper intends to analyze the membership of Nigeria at OPEC, the politics of oil in Nigeria and whether or not Nigeria should withdraw her membership. It discusses some positive recommendations out of the crises caused by its being member of OPEC.

14 LAW OF THOUGHT.doc

LOGIC: FUNDAMENTALS

APPRAISAL OF THE LAW, PRACTICE AND MACHINERY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC

This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world a... more This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world and Nigeria in particular and it provides positive suggestions with a view to making OPEC perform better for the mankind. This study dug down the memory lane with positive criticism into the evolution and historical development of the OPEC spanning policies, purpose aims and objectives of OPEC; mission of OPEC; post-world war II situation; OPEC founding; era by era development of OPEC up to 2016. It also critically examined the membership of OPEC cutting across its types of membership; organs and administrative machinery of OPEC consisting of the Conference; the Board of Governors; the Secretariat; and the OPEC Summit. The paper employs library research method making use of publicly available official OPEC publications, documents, policy instruments, key presentations by OPEC departmental experts, internet research and research work that has taken into account available information. Efforts are made to use relevant textbooks, newspaper's articles, and journal's papers.

APPRAISAL OF THE LAW, PRACTICE AND MACHINERY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC

This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world a... more This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world and Nigeria in particular and it provides positive suggestions with a view to making OPEC perform better for the mankind. This study dug down the memory lane with positive criticism into the evolution and historical development of the OPEC spanning policies, purpose aims and objectives of OPEC; mission of OPEC; post-world war II situation; OPEC founding; era by era development of OPEC up to 2016. It also critically examined the membership of OPEC cutting across its types of membership; organs and administrative machinery of OPEC consisting of the Conference; the Board of Governors; the Secretariat; and the OPEC Summit. The paper employs library research method making use of publicly available official OPEC publications, documents, policy instruments, key presentations by OPEC departmental experts, internet research and research work that has taken into account available information. Efforts are made to use relevant textbooks, newspaper's articles, and journal's papers.

APPRAISAL OF LAW, PRACTICE AND MACHINERY OF THE AFRICAN UNION

This paper explores the memory lane of evolution of the African Union, traces its historical deve... more This paper explores the memory lane of evolution of the African Union, traces its historical development, examines its machinery and legal instruments and organs, and concludes that these challenges should serve as the rallying point for African leaders at this time and not the political machinations of some leaders on the continent. The paper employs library research method. Thus, publicly available official AU documents, policy instruments, key presentations by AU departmental experts, internet research and research are critically made use of. Of course, relevant textbooks, newspaper's articles, and journal's papers will also be employed. The paper found that the African Union has recorded some achievements in its aims and objectives. It was further found out that however there are some of the aims and objectives that have not been realized as a result of human, economic, environmental, political and social statuses of the members. These have seriously undermined the Union as an effective and meaningful international organization in Africa. The paper concludes that Africa is presently faced with several problems bordering on violent conflicts, poverty and underdevelopment, economic development, diseases, environmental problems and bad governance amongst others. All these problems can be solved if the hindrances are overcome or at least reduced.

INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORKS ON NUCLEAR ENERGY AS TOOTHLESS BULLDOGS

Nuclear weapons are explosive devices designed to release nuclear energy on a large scale, used p... more Nuclear weapons are explosive devices designed to release nuclear energy on a large scale, used primarily as weapons of mass destruction in military applications. The first atomic bomb (ie nuclear weapon) was tested on July 16, 1945 near Alamogordo, New Mexico; and since then man can think of possibility of destruction of his race. This paper examines the international law on nuclear energy with a view to making the human race safe from the development of nuclear weapons. The library methodology -relevant textbooks, articles in journals and newspapers and internet facilities -is employed in this paper. This paper discovers that majority of the provisions of the international law lack the incisive 'bite' which is an essential requirement of law meant to curb excesses of man. The paper concludes with practical solutions to the problem such as positive review of the law regimes.

THE WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION – APPRAISAL OF ITS LAWS AND NIGERIA MEMBERSHIP BY: ADEWALE, SIKIRU AKINPELU1 ORIGIN AND CREATION OF WTO

The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 purposed creation of an International Trade Organization (IT... more The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 purposed creation of an International Trade Organization (ITO) to establish rules and regulations for trade between countries. The ITO Charter was agreed at the UN Conference on Trade and Employment in Havana in March, 1948, but was blocked by the U.S. Senate.2 Some writers have argued that the failure might have resulted from fears within the American business community that the ITO could be used to regulate, rather than liberate, big business.3 Only one element of the ITO survived: The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT's Replacement, Between 1986 and 1994, Uruguay Round of GATT Seven rounds of negotiations occurred under GATT before the eight round-the Uruguay round concluded in 1995 with the establishment of the WTO as the GATT negotiations Morocco. India, along with 123 Ministers besides the EC countries signed the final Act incorporating the English Round of Multilateral trade negotiations. The Final Act consists of: (i) The WTO Agreement which covers the formation of the organisation and the rules governing its working; and (ii) The ministerial decisions and declarations which contain the important Agreements covering trade in goods, services, intellectual property and Plurilateral trade. They also contain the disputes settlement rules and trade policy review system. The WTO Agreement is in fact the Uruguay round agreement whereby the original GATT is now a part of the WTO Agreement which came into force from 1 January, 1995. So, on January 1, 1995, the WTO came into existence. The GATT principles and agreements were adopted by the WTO, which was charged with administering and extending them. Unlike the GATT, the WTO has a substantial institutional structure. At the roundtable talks in Uruguay, developed countries presented what they felt was a way of creating a global trade agreement that would " make the world a better place to live " .4 Most African countries who attended the conference signed the agreement, but without reading or understanding the implications for their countries. Some from francophone African countries were sued to have signed the agreement based on the fact that France did, while some of the officials signed after dinner with some business tycoons from the west.5 AIMS OBJECTIVE AND PURPOSE OF WTO

UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL: TOWARDS NEW APPROACH TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY by SIKIRU AKINPELU ADEWALE

In the wake of bigotry, fundamentalism, unilateralism, brazen terror attacks witnessed recently i... more In the wake of bigotry, fundamentalism, unilateralism, brazen terror attacks witnessed recently in most part of the world, the issue of international security has been brought to the front burner of global discourse. The seeming waning role of the United Nations Security Council in the face of these international challenges provides a compelling reason to revalidate the United Nations Security Council's role as the umpire and guarantor of international security. Central to this discourse are a wide range of controversies. This study limits itself to the controversies surrounding the call for the Council to democratize and reflect the current or de facto power capabilities of the current members of the United Nations Security Council as well as the need for the Council to reflect variations in the view of the expanded membership of the United Nations General Assembly. In discussing these issues, the paper argues that there is a dire need to spread the number of the permanent members of the Council to accommodate at least one representative from each of the continents. This includes also the need for transparency in its decision making apparatus, through application of checks and balances, as well as the use of simple majority vote needed to counter arbitrariness in the use of veto power. It concludes however on the optimistic hope that the political will and understanding of the existing permanent members would be needed to effect these rather far-reaching reorganizations of the Council.

THE MYTH AND REALITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM'S CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS IN NIGERIA BY: ADEWALE, SIKIRU AKINPELU1

Local Government system operates at grassroots level and its importance is felt throughout Nigeri... more Local Government system operates at grassroots level and its importance is felt throughout Nigeria. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, as amended, provides for establishment of an independent local government system that have some necessary and specific assignments to perform. The Constitution also provides adequate revenue to meet the tasks it puts before the system. No wonders that the failure of local government system in Nigeria affects not only the state government but also the federal government. Does what operates at Nigerian local governments justify the objectives and the purposes for which they were created? If no, what is responsible for the condition? And what are the ways-out? This study looks at definitions of the term local government by legal authorities traces the brief historical development of the system; and criticizes caretaker / transitional committees of the local government. This study furthermore examines the local government system under various constitutions and draft-constitutions since 1979, guidelines, decrees and laws. Efforts are made to analyze how the local governments fare in its functions and powers. Experiences in other jurisdictions are also considered and this study provides constructive and positive suggestions for improvement in the status of the local government system in Nigeria.

4 THE LEGAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CLANDESTINE RETURN OF STOLEN STATE'S FUND.docx

President Muhammadu Buhari of Nigeria, in his visit to the United States immediately he assumed d... more President Muhammadu Buhari of Nigeria, in his visit to the United States immediately he assumed duty, expressed his determination to recover allegedly stolen funds from the previous administration. He said he would arrest and prosecute past political leaders and other officials who allegedly stole Nigeria's money and diverted government's money into personal accounts. Stolen state's fund, also referred to as proceeds of corruption, illicit enrichment, constitutes the main predicate for money laundering in Africa. For several decades, it was nearly impossible for countries that had been plundered bytheir corrupt rulers to take effective action to recover their assets that had been stolenor concealed abroad. The majority of countries that were the recipients of these illicitfunds had no

PLEA BARGAINING IN CRIMINAL PROSECUTION

8 REVIEW OF DECLARATORY JUDGMENT IN OBA J. A. LAOYE V. OBA BELLO OYEWUSI SC. 47 170.docx

Sometimes in 2013, Ede people decided to install a signboard on the land of Ede as confirmed by t... more Sometimes in 2013, Ede people decided to install a signboard on the land of Ede as confirmed by the above judgment. In the process of installing the signboard at the right place, Ido-Osun people confronted and attacked Ede people. In the process, disputes ensued. An essential attribute of law is that it is dynamic, evolving to meet prevailing social norms and standards. Is the steps taken by Ede people right under the law? If not, what are the lawful actions to be taken? This paper peruses the above judgment and analyses, because of restriction placed on the words, import and execution of declaratory judgment in the case. However, there are injunction and damages aspects of the judgment.

TRESPASS ON THE LAND OF EDE: MISUSE OF POWERS BY OSUN STATE CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT TERRITORY SIKIRU AKINPELU ADEWALE DEPT OF PUBLIC LAW FACULTY OF LAW

Some pieces of land belonging to Ede people that fall into the Capital Territory are being misuse... more Some pieces of land belonging to Ede people that fall into the Capital Territory are being misused or abused by the State Government as the name of those pieces of land being changed to Osogbo. Ede people take some action to restrict such acts of trespass to property belonging to them. This paper looks into the actions of the Osun State Government and those of Ede people from legal view point most especially the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the Osun State Capital Development Authority Law

APPRAISAL OF NIGERIA AND HER MEMBERSHIP OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORT COUNTRIES (OPEC) APPRAISAL OF NIGERIA AND HER MEMBERSHIP OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORT COUNTRIES (OPEC

by sikiru adewale and SIKIRU A K I N P E L U ADEWALE, Ph.D

As OPEC celebrated its 50th anniversary recently, the OPEC anniversary slogan -'Supporting Stabil... more As OPEC celebrated its 50th anniversary recently, the OPEC anniversary slogan -'Supporting Stability, Fuelling Prosperity' couldn't be more appropriate. Over the years, the challenges facing member countries have deepened beyond stability of crude prices alone. The challenge of prosperity now manifests itself in better linkage of the oil sector to the wider economy of the member countries as well as optimal utilization of both crude oil and natural gas which in the past was a nuisance by-product of crude oil production, but now has come of age and is extremely valuable. Member countries now have to address these issues to make more leverage of their membership of OPEC. Nigerian government had come under intense pressures from within and from without to pull the country out of the OPEC. Nigeria is now facing the crude pain of oil dependent economy and the challenges of corruption, insurgencies and terrorism with dwindling oil revenues with budgetary deficit. What are the pros and cons of Nigeria's membership of this peculiar organization dedicated to fair pricing of petroleum products? This is the purport of this paper. This paper intends to analyze the membership of Nigeria at OPEC, the politics of oil in Nigeria and whether or not Nigeria should withdraw her membership. It discusses some positive recommendations out of the crises caused by its being member of OPEC.

14 LAW OF THOUGHT.doc

LOGIC: FUNDAMENTALS

APPRAISAL OF THE LAW, PRACTICE AND MACHINERY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC

This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world a... more This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world and Nigeria in particular and it provides positive suggestions with a view to making OPEC perform better for the mankind. This study dug down the memory lane with positive criticism into the evolution and historical development of the OPEC spanning policies, purpose aims and objectives of OPEC; mission of OPEC; post-world war II situation; OPEC founding; era by era development of OPEC up to 2016. It also critically examined the membership of OPEC cutting across its types of membership; organs and administrative machinery of OPEC consisting of the Conference; the Board of Governors; the Secretariat; and the OPEC Summit. The paper employs library research method making use of publicly available official OPEC publications, documents, policy instruments, key presentations by OPEC departmental experts, internet research and research work that has taken into account available information. Efforts are made to use relevant textbooks, newspaper's articles, and journal's papers.

APPRAISAL OF THE LAW, PRACTICE AND MACHINERY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC

This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world a... more This study examines the legal, social, economic implications and influence of OPEC in the world and Nigeria in particular and it provides positive suggestions with a view to making OPEC perform better for the mankind. This study dug down the memory lane with positive criticism into the evolution and historical development of the OPEC spanning policies, purpose aims and objectives of OPEC; mission of OPEC; post-world war II situation; OPEC founding; era by era development of OPEC up to 2016. It also critically examined the membership of OPEC cutting across its types of membership; organs and administrative machinery of OPEC consisting of the Conference; the Board of Governors; the Secretariat; and the OPEC Summit. The paper employs library research method making use of publicly available official OPEC publications, documents, policy instruments, key presentations by OPEC departmental experts, internet research and research work that has taken into account available information. Efforts are made to use relevant textbooks, newspaper's articles, and journal's papers.

APPRAISAL OF LAW, PRACTICE AND MACHINERY OF THE AFRICAN UNION

This paper explores the memory lane of evolution of the African Union, traces its historical deve... more This paper explores the memory lane of evolution of the African Union, traces its historical development, examines its machinery and legal instruments and organs, and concludes that these challenges should serve as the rallying point for African leaders at this time and not the political machinations of some leaders on the continent. The paper employs library research method. Thus, publicly available official AU documents, policy instruments, key presentations by AU departmental experts, internet research and research are critically made use of. Of course, relevant textbooks, newspaper's articles, and journal's papers will also be employed. The paper found that the African Union has recorded some achievements in its aims and objectives. It was further found out that however there are some of the aims and objectives that have not been realized as a result of human, economic, environmental, political and social statuses of the members. These have seriously undermined the Union as an effective and meaningful international organization in Africa. The paper concludes that Africa is presently faced with several problems bordering on violent conflicts, poverty and underdevelopment, economic development, diseases, environmental problems and bad governance amongst others. All these problems can be solved if the hindrances are overcome or at least reduced.