Quadcopters or Drones have multiple applications for different purpose such as investigation, ass... more Quadcopters or Drones have multiple applications for different purpose such as investigation, assessment, exploration, rescue and decreasing the human strength in an adverse situation. Unmanned air vehicles (UAV) is designed with four propellers to resolve the issue of constancy however it will make the drone further more complex for the dynamic modelling and for the control system. In this research, smart controller is intended to regulate the attitude of drone. Simulation ideal model and fuzzy logic control approach is formulated to implement for four elementary motions i.e. roll, pitch, yaw, and height of our drone for the application of earthquake. The key objective of this research paper is to develop the anticipated output as compare to the desired input.
American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 2019
We have developed in this research paper, some of the fundamental relationship of fractional Lapl... more We have developed in this research paper, some of the fundamental relationship of fractional Laplace transform with fractional Fourier, fractional Mellin and fractional Sumudu transforms. These results are expressed mathematically, and such relationships should be very useful in applications to signal processing and optics.
Fractional Radon transform which is symbolized with the notation , it is different to the classic... more Fractional Radon transform which is symbolized with the notation , it is different to the classical Radon transform. The shift property of fractional Radon transform is controlled by the fractional order Rotation of the input object at angle will rotate the fractional Radon transform at that angle thus, the fractional Radon transform is rotation invariant. The fractional Fourier transform, with respect to of the fractional Radon transform of an object is the central slice at angle of the -dimensional fractional Fourier transform of this object. In this paper we explain the mathematical formation of fractional Radon transform and established a convolution theorem for the fractional Radon transform.
Rice-wheat production is an essential component of cropping systems in the Indus-Ganga Plains (IG... more Rice-wheat production is an essential component of cropping systems in the Indus-Ganga Plains (IGP) which play a pivotal role in food security of south Asia. These crops are being cultivated on an area of about 13.5 M ha of South Asia. In rice-wheat cropping system, the major reason for lower wheat grain yield is use of unwise tillage practices during wheat seedbed preparation, cultivation of late maturing rice varieties, water shortage, labor shortage, high cost of fertilizers and poor crop management practices. Resource-conserving technology improves the sustainability and productivity of wheat, which ultimately increase the farmer’s livelihood and reduce poverty. Tillage plays an important role in agricultural operation for soil manipulation to optimize the crop productivity. Different tillage systems are being practiced for wheat production in rice-wheat cropping systems including intensive tillage system, conventional and deep tillage, conservation tillage that consisting of mi...
Results of radiotherapy in 50 patients of carcinoma of oesophagus are presented. Of these, 28 pat... more Results of radiotherapy in 50 patients of carcinoma of oesophagus are presented. Of these, 28 patients were in stage I and stage II disease and were treated with curative doses of radiotherapy. 22 patients received palliative doses of radiation because of their advanced disease. Radiation treatment in carcinoma of oesophagus showed good palliative response with minimal complications. However, there was
Present research was aimed towards designing and construction of efficient plastic media-tricklin... more Present research was aimed towards designing and construction of efficient plastic media-trickling filter (TF) for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The hydraulic flow rate through the TF was maintained at80±2 ml/min at a temperature range of 5 -15∫C by selecting treatmenttime of 12, 24, 36 and 48 hrs. Parameters like COD, BOD 5, TSS, turbidity, NO 3, NO2, SO4, PO4 and pathogenic indicator microbes were monitored after treatment of 12, 24, 36 and 48 hrs. The efficiency of the TF was improved with increase of time from 12 to 48 hrs. Maximum efficiency of TF was observed after 48 hrs treatment viz. 93.45, 93, 86.25, 57.8, 63.15, 25, 32.43, 99.95 and 86.3% reduction from the zero time value forBOD 5, COD, TSS, PO 4, SO4, NO3, NO2, turbidityand fecal coliforms respectively.Finally 48 hrs treated sample was passed through sand filter (SF) for further final polishing and a pproximately, 95.72, 95, 100, 73.5, 65.8, 58.3, 37.83, 100 and 91.5% reduction in BOD5, COD, TSS, PO 4, SO4, NO3, NO2, turbidity and fecal coliforms was observed. This study showed that plastic media -trickling filter along with sand filter is a
International Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2015
This paper formulates and investigates the financial performance, ratio analysis of Agricultural ... more This paper formulates and investigates the financial performance, ratio analysis of Agricultural Bank of China banking sector for the period 2010-2014. The study concluded that financial performance of any firm or bank can be calculated with the help of financial ratios. Financial ratio plays an important role to check the condition of any bank or company either is in profit or loss.
The aim of this study was to look into the feasibility of using the run of mine waste coal micron... more The aim of this study was to look into the feasibility of using the run of mine waste coal micron size particles in producing value added coal briquettes. Varying strengths of low cost and readily available starch and poly vinyl acetate (PVA) were used as the organic binders. In devising a mechanism for the local (KPK region of Pakistan) low cost coal up-gradation, this work has looked into developing the coal briquettes of acceptable combustion and mechanical properties. This has been achieved by identifying the optimum composition of run of mine micron sized waste coal, binding and filler materials to give the acceptable levels of compression strength, and ease of combustion in both open and confined places. A mechanical briquetting machine was indigenously designed with the aim of low cost local technology transfer. The briquetted products were then analyzed for their mechanical properties by the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The surface structure and/or composition were also explored with the help of a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The UTM results showed that the briquettes made with starch binder had good compression strength (4000N) in comparison to others. This was also confirmed by the SEM analysis which showed low surface porosity for starch blended briquettes. The low surface porosity also resulted in showing a high water absorption resistance and shatter index hence giving high compression strength values.
Phenolic compounds are present in the healthy plants at concentrations sufficient to inhibit grow... more Phenolic compounds are present in the healthy plants at concentrations sufficient to inhibit growth and sporulation of a pathogen; as a response to infection, their concentration is markedly increased imparting resistance against the invading microorganisms and phytoalexins which are not normally found in healthy plants, are synthesized or increase in amounts after infection. We have tested and found that there was a marked increase in the total phenols in all the 50 lines/cultivars due to late blight appearance as compared to the healthy ones. Results revealed that there was overall increase in the quantity of total phenols in all tested lines after disease appearance and this increase was ranged from 28.1 to 58.6 percent over the healthy plants of the same age group. Maximum increase in phenolic content after disease appearance was 58.6 percent in potato line FD 8-1 while minimum phenol increased in 28.1 percent in line 9619. This increase was also noted in the healthy potato plan...
Introduction: Penetrating abdominal trauma is a common feature of trauma treated in low- and midd... more Introduction: Penetrating abdominal trauma is a common feature of trauma treated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Two measures: the Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (PATI) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS), are often utilized by hospitals in LMICs to measure the injury severity of penetrating abdominal wounds. However, it remains unclear which measure better accounts for the severity of injuries that a patient sustains. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of both injury severity measures at predicting outcomes in patients presenting to a low-middle income healthcare facility in Pakistan. Methods: All isolated gunshot wounds to the abdomen presenting to a university hospital between 2011-2012 were included. Information was retrieved on patient demographics, injury type and mechanism, complications, mortality and length of stay. ISS and PATI were calculated for each case. Primary outcome measures included all-cause mortality and complications. Multiva...
This paper evaluates different environmentally friendly dispersants in invert-emulsion drilling f... more This paper evaluates different environmentally friendly dispersants in invert-emulsion drilling fluids that can be used to drill HP/HT wells. The drilling fluid is weighted by manganese tetraoxide (Mn3O4) particles, which have a specific gravity of 4.8 and a mean particle diameter of 1 µm. Manganese tetraoxide has different wetting properties and surface chemistry than other weighting agents. Hence, there is a need to find dispersants for manganese tetraoxide that give reduced sag, reduced rheological properties, and low fluid-loss at HP/HT conditions. This is particularly important for deep wells with narrow operating windows between pore-pressure and fracture pressure gradients. The stricter global environmental regulations mandate the dispersants to be environmentally friendly, e.g. within OCNS group D or E. First, oil compatibility tests and particle settling time experiments were conducted on several dispersants. From the experiments, we identified 3 oil-compatible dispersants ...
Fox transcription factors play a critical role in the regulation of a variety of biological proce... more Fox transcription factors play a critical role in the regulation of a variety of biological processes. While FoxM1 behaves like the oncogenic transcription factor, FoxO3a is known as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting FoxM1. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of FoxM1 and FoxO3a expression in breast cancer. Expression of FoxM1 and FoxO3a were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining on tissue microarray sections from 236 breast cancer patients, and correlated with various clinicopathological characteristics. Overexpression of FoxM1 correlated with adverse clinicopathological features, such as larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, and lymphovascular invasion. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed no prognostic significance of FoxM1 expression. However, in subgroup analyses with patients of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers, FoxM1 overexpression associated with poor disease free and overall survival. No association was found between FoxO3a and FoxM1 expression. Regarding clinicopathological variables, the only association between histologic grade and FoxO3a was observed. In conclusion, FoxM1 overexpression was significantly associated with aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis of ER-positive breast cancer. These findings suggest the possible role of FoxM1 as a prognostic biomarker and putative target of anti-cancer therapy.
The absolute error map and the SSIM quality map are shown in (c) and (d), respectively. In both m... more The absolute error map and the SSIM quality map are shown in (c) and (d), respectively. In both maps, brighter indicates better local quality (or lower distortion).. .. . .
To determine the incidence of appendiceal Crohn's disease (CD) and to summarize the character... more To determine the incidence of appendiceal Crohn's disease (CD) and to summarize the characteristic histologic features of appendiceal CD. We reviewed the pathology files of 2179 appendectomy specimens from January 2007 to May 2013. The computer-assisted retrieval search facility was utilized to collect specimens. We selected those cases that were diagnosed as CD or chronic granulomatous inflammation and defined the final diagnosis according to the histologic findings of CD, including transmural lymphocytic inflammation, non-caseating epithelioid granulomas, thickening of the appendiceal wall secondary to hypertrophy of muscularis mucosa, mucosal ulceration with crypt abscesses, mucosal fissures, and fistula formation. We found 12 cases (7 male and 5 female patients, with an average age of 29.8 years) of appendiceal CD. The incidence of appendiceal CD was 0.55%. The chief complaints were right lower quadrant pain, abdominal pain, lower abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The duration o...
2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2011
We propose a perceptual video coding framework based on an SSIM-inspired divisive normalization s... more We propose a perceptual video coding framework based on an SSIM-inspired divisive normalization scheme as an attempt to transform the DCT domain frame prediction residuals to a perceptually uniform space before coding. Based on the residual divisive normalization process, we define a distortion model for mode selection and show that such a divisive normalization strategy largely simplifies the subsequent perceptual rate-distortion optimization procedure. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve significant gain in terms of rate-SSIM performance in comparison with H.264/AVC.
2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2011
Complex wavelet structural similarity (CW-SSIM) index has been proposed as a promising image simi... more Complex wavelet structural similarity (CW-SSIM) index has been proposed as a promising image similarity measure that is robust to small geometric distortions such as translation, scaling and rotation of images, but how to make the best use of it in image classification problems has not been deeply investigated. In this paper, we propose a novel "feature-extraction free" image classification algorithm based on CW-SSIM and use handwritten digit recognition as an example to demonstrate it. First, a CW-SSIM based unsupervised clustering method is used to divide the training images into clusters and to pick a representative image for each cluster. A supervised learning method based on support vector machines is then employed to maximize the classification accuracy based on CW-SSIM values between an input image and the representative images. Our experiments show that such a conceptually simple image classification method, which does not involve any registration, intensity normalization or sophisticated feature extraction processes, and does not rely on any modeling of the image patterns or distortion processes, achieves competitive performance with reduced computational complexity.
Gossypiboma, a retained surgical sponge, is a rare complication following any surgical procedure ... more Gossypiboma, a retained surgical sponge, is a rare complication following any surgical procedure and is primarily a result of human error. Such patients often have vague clinical presentations and the diagnosis often comes as a surprise. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman who had a long-standing history of lower abdominal discomfort. She was diagnosed with a gossypiboma fifteen years after a cesarean section. All general physicians, surgeons and radiologists must be aware of this rare but clinically significant entity.
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2013
The demand for high quality portable water is on the rise as the availability of adequate drinkin... more The demand for high quality portable water is on the rise as the availability of adequate drinking water resources are increasing becoming scare. Recent years have seen the membrane processes to emerge as a viable technology for water and wastewater treatment which can provide superior quality water with low energy consumption. The environmental friendliness of a membrane process is evident from the fact that they do not require the use of hazardous chemicals in the production process in comparison with other conventional water reclamation technologies [1,2]. A membrane is a thin sheet of natural and/or synthetic material that is permeable to certain substances in a solution. Various types of membranes exist but the use of semi-permeable reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is of particular interest in advanced wastewater reclamations, however, the presence of fine particulate matter (originating from organic and inorganic compounds, suspended solids, and microorganisms) remains a 27 problematic issue which contribute to RO membrane surface 28 fouling [3]. Four main membrane fouling mechanisms are 29 proposed: (1) biofouling, (2) particulate fouling (3) organic fouling 30 and (4) scaling [4]. This work has looked into colloidal fouling of 31 different membranes. 32 Membrane fouling arises from specific interactions between the 33 membrane and foulants in raw water which makes the membrane 34 processes less efficient and reduces their economic advantages, 35 e.g., due to frequent chemical cleaning of membrane element and 36 as a result its increased subsequent replacement frequency [4-14]. 37 Deposition and accumulation of foulants such as micron sized 38 colloidal particulates on the membrane surface not only result in 39 permeate flux to decline but also deteriorates the permeate quality 40 [15,16]. Membrane fouling is affected by operating conditions such 41 as the flux, recovery, and cross flow rate [4,5,17-20] however a 42 more fundamental cause of membrane fouling is the presence of 43 colloidal particles in feed water [21-24]. Understanding the cause 44 of membrane fouling and developing strategies for fouling control 45 are of paramount importance for the successful application of 46 membrane Q3 technology for RO water treatment [3,25,26] (Alhadidi 47 et al., 2013). Hence there is pressing need to devise a reliable 48 method to measure and predict the fouling potential of feed water 49 so that it can be used at design stage to assess the required pre
Background Performing micturiting cystourethrography (MCUG) in young children with recurrent urin... more Background Performing micturiting cystourethrography (MCUG) in young children with recurrent urinary tract infections is controversial with discrepancy among the major guidelines. Objective Previous studies have shown that a normal dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy may avoid the need of performing MCUG for detecting vesicoureteric reflux in children with first febrile urinary tract infection. However, the role of DMSA for ruling out vesicoureteric reflux in children with recurrent urinary tract infections has not been studied. Materials and methods Approval from institutional ethical review committee was sought and the requirement of informed consent was waived. A total of 50 children under the age of 10 years with recurrent urinary tract infections underwent MCUG scan within 3 months of DMSA scan from January 2011 to September 2012 at our institution. Diagnosis of recurrent urinary tract infections and grading of vesicoureteric reflux was according to previously established standards. Abnormalities on DMSA scanscarring, hydronephrosis and reduced differential renal functionwere compared with presence of vesicoureteric reflux on MCUG. Results High-grade vesicoureteric reflux was noted on MCUG in 22 (44%) cases. The findings on DMSA included hydronephrosis and scarring in 25 (50%) and 25 (50%) cases, respectively. Abnormalities on DMSA scan for detecting the presence of high-grade vesicoureteric reflux on MCUG examination had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 95.45%, 35.71%, 53.85% and 90.91%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.48 and 0.13 respectively. Conclusion DMSA scan had high overall sensitivity and negative predictive value with a low negative likelihood ratio for ruling out high-grade vesicoureteric reflux on MCUG, which may obviate the need of invasive MCUG along with its associated drawbacks.
Quadcopters or Drones have multiple applications for different purpose such as investigation, ass... more Quadcopters or Drones have multiple applications for different purpose such as investigation, assessment, exploration, rescue and decreasing the human strength in an adverse situation. Unmanned air vehicles (UAV) is designed with four propellers to resolve the issue of constancy however it will make the drone further more complex for the dynamic modelling and for the control system. In this research, smart controller is intended to regulate the attitude of drone. Simulation ideal model and fuzzy logic control approach is formulated to implement for four elementary motions i.e. roll, pitch, yaw, and height of our drone for the application of earthquake. The key objective of this research paper is to develop the anticipated output as compare to the desired input.
American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 2019
We have developed in this research paper, some of the fundamental relationship of fractional Lapl... more We have developed in this research paper, some of the fundamental relationship of fractional Laplace transform with fractional Fourier, fractional Mellin and fractional Sumudu transforms. These results are expressed mathematically, and such relationships should be very useful in applications to signal processing and optics.
Fractional Radon transform which is symbolized with the notation , it is different to the classic... more Fractional Radon transform which is symbolized with the notation , it is different to the classical Radon transform. The shift property of fractional Radon transform is controlled by the fractional order Rotation of the input object at angle will rotate the fractional Radon transform at that angle thus, the fractional Radon transform is rotation invariant. The fractional Fourier transform, with respect to of the fractional Radon transform of an object is the central slice at angle of the -dimensional fractional Fourier transform of this object. In this paper we explain the mathematical formation of fractional Radon transform and established a convolution theorem for the fractional Radon transform.
Rice-wheat production is an essential component of cropping systems in the Indus-Ganga Plains (IG... more Rice-wheat production is an essential component of cropping systems in the Indus-Ganga Plains (IGP) which play a pivotal role in food security of south Asia. These crops are being cultivated on an area of about 13.5 M ha of South Asia. In rice-wheat cropping system, the major reason for lower wheat grain yield is use of unwise tillage practices during wheat seedbed preparation, cultivation of late maturing rice varieties, water shortage, labor shortage, high cost of fertilizers and poor crop management practices. Resource-conserving technology improves the sustainability and productivity of wheat, which ultimately increase the farmer’s livelihood and reduce poverty. Tillage plays an important role in agricultural operation for soil manipulation to optimize the crop productivity. Different tillage systems are being practiced for wheat production in rice-wheat cropping systems including intensive tillage system, conventional and deep tillage, conservation tillage that consisting of mi...
Results of radiotherapy in 50 patients of carcinoma of oesophagus are presented. Of these, 28 pat... more Results of radiotherapy in 50 patients of carcinoma of oesophagus are presented. Of these, 28 patients were in stage I and stage II disease and were treated with curative doses of radiotherapy. 22 patients received palliative doses of radiation because of their advanced disease. Radiation treatment in carcinoma of oesophagus showed good palliative response with minimal complications. However, there was
Present research was aimed towards designing and construction of efficient plastic media-tricklin... more Present research was aimed towards designing and construction of efficient plastic media-trickling filter (TF) for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The hydraulic flow rate through the TF was maintained at80±2 ml/min at a temperature range of 5 -15∫C by selecting treatmenttime of 12, 24, 36 and 48 hrs. Parameters like COD, BOD 5, TSS, turbidity, NO 3, NO2, SO4, PO4 and pathogenic indicator microbes were monitored after treatment of 12, 24, 36 and 48 hrs. The efficiency of the TF was improved with increase of time from 12 to 48 hrs. Maximum efficiency of TF was observed after 48 hrs treatment viz. 93.45, 93, 86.25, 57.8, 63.15, 25, 32.43, 99.95 and 86.3% reduction from the zero time value forBOD 5, COD, TSS, PO 4, SO4, NO3, NO2, turbidityand fecal coliforms respectively.Finally 48 hrs treated sample was passed through sand filter (SF) for further final polishing and a pproximately, 95.72, 95, 100, 73.5, 65.8, 58.3, 37.83, 100 and 91.5% reduction in BOD5, COD, TSS, PO 4, SO4, NO3, NO2, turbidity and fecal coliforms was observed. This study showed that plastic media -trickling filter along with sand filter is a
International Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2015
This paper formulates and investigates the financial performance, ratio analysis of Agricultural ... more This paper formulates and investigates the financial performance, ratio analysis of Agricultural Bank of China banking sector for the period 2010-2014. The study concluded that financial performance of any firm or bank can be calculated with the help of financial ratios. Financial ratio plays an important role to check the condition of any bank or company either is in profit or loss.
The aim of this study was to look into the feasibility of using the run of mine waste coal micron... more The aim of this study was to look into the feasibility of using the run of mine waste coal micron size particles in producing value added coal briquettes. Varying strengths of low cost and readily available starch and poly vinyl acetate (PVA) were used as the organic binders. In devising a mechanism for the local (KPK region of Pakistan) low cost coal up-gradation, this work has looked into developing the coal briquettes of acceptable combustion and mechanical properties. This has been achieved by identifying the optimum composition of run of mine micron sized waste coal, binding and filler materials to give the acceptable levels of compression strength, and ease of combustion in both open and confined places. A mechanical briquetting machine was indigenously designed with the aim of low cost local technology transfer. The briquetted products were then analyzed for their mechanical properties by the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The surface structure and/or composition were also explored with the help of a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The UTM results showed that the briquettes made with starch binder had good compression strength (4000N) in comparison to others. This was also confirmed by the SEM analysis which showed low surface porosity for starch blended briquettes. The low surface porosity also resulted in showing a high water absorption resistance and shatter index hence giving high compression strength values.
Phenolic compounds are present in the healthy plants at concentrations sufficient to inhibit grow... more Phenolic compounds are present in the healthy plants at concentrations sufficient to inhibit growth and sporulation of a pathogen; as a response to infection, their concentration is markedly increased imparting resistance against the invading microorganisms and phytoalexins which are not normally found in healthy plants, are synthesized or increase in amounts after infection. We have tested and found that there was a marked increase in the total phenols in all the 50 lines/cultivars due to late blight appearance as compared to the healthy ones. Results revealed that there was overall increase in the quantity of total phenols in all tested lines after disease appearance and this increase was ranged from 28.1 to 58.6 percent over the healthy plants of the same age group. Maximum increase in phenolic content after disease appearance was 58.6 percent in potato line FD 8-1 while minimum phenol increased in 28.1 percent in line 9619. This increase was also noted in the healthy potato plan...
Introduction: Penetrating abdominal trauma is a common feature of trauma treated in low- and midd... more Introduction: Penetrating abdominal trauma is a common feature of trauma treated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Two measures: the Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (PATI) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS), are often utilized by hospitals in LMICs to measure the injury severity of penetrating abdominal wounds. However, it remains unclear which measure better accounts for the severity of injuries that a patient sustains. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of both injury severity measures at predicting outcomes in patients presenting to a low-middle income healthcare facility in Pakistan. Methods: All isolated gunshot wounds to the abdomen presenting to a university hospital between 2011-2012 were included. Information was retrieved on patient demographics, injury type and mechanism, complications, mortality and length of stay. ISS and PATI were calculated for each case. Primary outcome measures included all-cause mortality and complications. Multiva...
This paper evaluates different environmentally friendly dispersants in invert-emulsion drilling f... more This paper evaluates different environmentally friendly dispersants in invert-emulsion drilling fluids that can be used to drill HP/HT wells. The drilling fluid is weighted by manganese tetraoxide (Mn3O4) particles, which have a specific gravity of 4.8 and a mean particle diameter of 1 µm. Manganese tetraoxide has different wetting properties and surface chemistry than other weighting agents. Hence, there is a need to find dispersants for manganese tetraoxide that give reduced sag, reduced rheological properties, and low fluid-loss at HP/HT conditions. This is particularly important for deep wells with narrow operating windows between pore-pressure and fracture pressure gradients. The stricter global environmental regulations mandate the dispersants to be environmentally friendly, e.g. within OCNS group D or E. First, oil compatibility tests and particle settling time experiments were conducted on several dispersants. From the experiments, we identified 3 oil-compatible dispersants ...
Fox transcription factors play a critical role in the regulation of a variety of biological proce... more Fox transcription factors play a critical role in the regulation of a variety of biological processes. While FoxM1 behaves like the oncogenic transcription factor, FoxO3a is known as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting FoxM1. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of FoxM1 and FoxO3a expression in breast cancer. Expression of FoxM1 and FoxO3a were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining on tissue microarray sections from 236 breast cancer patients, and correlated with various clinicopathological characteristics. Overexpression of FoxM1 correlated with adverse clinicopathological features, such as larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, and lymphovascular invasion. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed no prognostic significance of FoxM1 expression. However, in subgroup analyses with patients of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers, FoxM1 overexpression associated with poor disease free and overall survival. No association was found between FoxO3a and FoxM1 expression. Regarding clinicopathological variables, the only association between histologic grade and FoxO3a was observed. In conclusion, FoxM1 overexpression was significantly associated with aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis of ER-positive breast cancer. These findings suggest the possible role of FoxM1 as a prognostic biomarker and putative target of anti-cancer therapy.
The absolute error map and the SSIM quality map are shown in (c) and (d), respectively. In both m... more The absolute error map and the SSIM quality map are shown in (c) and (d), respectively. In both maps, brighter indicates better local quality (or lower distortion).. .. . .
To determine the incidence of appendiceal Crohn's disease (CD) and to summarize the character... more To determine the incidence of appendiceal Crohn's disease (CD) and to summarize the characteristic histologic features of appendiceal CD. We reviewed the pathology files of 2179 appendectomy specimens from January 2007 to May 2013. The computer-assisted retrieval search facility was utilized to collect specimens. We selected those cases that were diagnosed as CD or chronic granulomatous inflammation and defined the final diagnosis according to the histologic findings of CD, including transmural lymphocytic inflammation, non-caseating epithelioid granulomas, thickening of the appendiceal wall secondary to hypertrophy of muscularis mucosa, mucosal ulceration with crypt abscesses, mucosal fissures, and fistula formation. We found 12 cases (7 male and 5 female patients, with an average age of 29.8 years) of appendiceal CD. The incidence of appendiceal CD was 0.55%. The chief complaints were right lower quadrant pain, abdominal pain, lower abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The duration o...
2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2011
We propose a perceptual video coding framework based on an SSIM-inspired divisive normalization s... more We propose a perceptual video coding framework based on an SSIM-inspired divisive normalization scheme as an attempt to transform the DCT domain frame prediction residuals to a perceptually uniform space before coding. Based on the residual divisive normalization process, we define a distortion model for mode selection and show that such a divisive normalization strategy largely simplifies the subsequent perceptual rate-distortion optimization procedure. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve significant gain in terms of rate-SSIM performance in comparison with H.264/AVC.
2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2011
Complex wavelet structural similarity (CW-SSIM) index has been proposed as a promising image simi... more Complex wavelet structural similarity (CW-SSIM) index has been proposed as a promising image similarity measure that is robust to small geometric distortions such as translation, scaling and rotation of images, but how to make the best use of it in image classification problems has not been deeply investigated. In this paper, we propose a novel "feature-extraction free" image classification algorithm based on CW-SSIM and use handwritten digit recognition as an example to demonstrate it. First, a CW-SSIM based unsupervised clustering method is used to divide the training images into clusters and to pick a representative image for each cluster. A supervised learning method based on support vector machines is then employed to maximize the classification accuracy based on CW-SSIM values between an input image and the representative images. Our experiments show that such a conceptually simple image classification method, which does not involve any registration, intensity normalization or sophisticated feature extraction processes, and does not rely on any modeling of the image patterns or distortion processes, achieves competitive performance with reduced computational complexity.
Gossypiboma, a retained surgical sponge, is a rare complication following any surgical procedure ... more Gossypiboma, a retained surgical sponge, is a rare complication following any surgical procedure and is primarily a result of human error. Such patients often have vague clinical presentations and the diagnosis often comes as a surprise. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman who had a long-standing history of lower abdominal discomfort. She was diagnosed with a gossypiboma fifteen years after a cesarean section. All general physicians, surgeons and radiologists must be aware of this rare but clinically significant entity.
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2013
The demand for high quality portable water is on the rise as the availability of adequate drinkin... more The demand for high quality portable water is on the rise as the availability of adequate drinking water resources are increasing becoming scare. Recent years have seen the membrane processes to emerge as a viable technology for water and wastewater treatment which can provide superior quality water with low energy consumption. The environmental friendliness of a membrane process is evident from the fact that they do not require the use of hazardous chemicals in the production process in comparison with other conventional water reclamation technologies [1,2]. A membrane is a thin sheet of natural and/or synthetic material that is permeable to certain substances in a solution. Various types of membranes exist but the use of semi-permeable reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is of particular interest in advanced wastewater reclamations, however, the presence of fine particulate matter (originating from organic and inorganic compounds, suspended solids, and microorganisms) remains a 27 problematic issue which contribute to RO membrane surface 28 fouling [3]. Four main membrane fouling mechanisms are 29 proposed: (1) biofouling, (2) particulate fouling (3) organic fouling 30 and (4) scaling [4]. This work has looked into colloidal fouling of 31 different membranes. 32 Membrane fouling arises from specific interactions between the 33 membrane and foulants in raw water which makes the membrane 34 processes less efficient and reduces their economic advantages, 35 e.g., due to frequent chemical cleaning of membrane element and 36 as a result its increased subsequent replacement frequency [4-14]. 37 Deposition and accumulation of foulants such as micron sized 38 colloidal particulates on the membrane surface not only result in 39 permeate flux to decline but also deteriorates the permeate quality 40 [15,16]. Membrane fouling is affected by operating conditions such 41 as the flux, recovery, and cross flow rate [4,5,17-20] however a 42 more fundamental cause of membrane fouling is the presence of 43 colloidal particles in feed water [21-24]. Understanding the cause 44 of membrane fouling and developing strategies for fouling control 45 are of paramount importance for the successful application of 46 membrane Q3 technology for RO water treatment [3,25,26] (Alhadidi 47 et al., 2013). Hence there is pressing need to devise a reliable 48 method to measure and predict the fouling potential of feed water 49 so that it can be used at design stage to assess the required pre
Background Performing micturiting cystourethrography (MCUG) in young children with recurrent urin... more Background Performing micturiting cystourethrography (MCUG) in young children with recurrent urinary tract infections is controversial with discrepancy among the major guidelines. Objective Previous studies have shown that a normal dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy may avoid the need of performing MCUG for detecting vesicoureteric reflux in children with first febrile urinary tract infection. However, the role of DMSA for ruling out vesicoureteric reflux in children with recurrent urinary tract infections has not been studied. Materials and methods Approval from institutional ethical review committee was sought and the requirement of informed consent was waived. A total of 50 children under the age of 10 years with recurrent urinary tract infections underwent MCUG scan within 3 months of DMSA scan from January 2011 to September 2012 at our institution. Diagnosis of recurrent urinary tract infections and grading of vesicoureteric reflux was according to previously established standards. Abnormalities on DMSA scanscarring, hydronephrosis and reduced differential renal functionwere compared with presence of vesicoureteric reflux on MCUG. Results High-grade vesicoureteric reflux was noted on MCUG in 22 (44%) cases. The findings on DMSA included hydronephrosis and scarring in 25 (50%) and 25 (50%) cases, respectively. Abnormalities on DMSA scan for detecting the presence of high-grade vesicoureteric reflux on MCUG examination had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 95.45%, 35.71%, 53.85% and 90.91%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.48 and 0.13 respectively. Conclusion DMSA scan had high overall sensitivity and negative predictive value with a low negative likelihood ratio for ruling out high-grade vesicoureteric reflux on MCUG, which may obviate the need of invasive MCUG along with its associated drawbacks.
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