The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride... more The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride-initiated corrosion of the reinforcement significantly influences the durability of reinforced concrete. This paper summarizes the research status of Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrode (ISE) used for non-destructive chloride detection in concrete. In general, four main topics are reviewed, including preparation of Ag/AgCl-ISE, main factors influencing the potential of Ag/AgCl-ISE, detection limit/potential response of Ag/AgCl-ISE, and novel composites/ electrochemical methods based on Ag/AgCl-ISE for chloride detection in concrete. Further, the existing problems and research strategies are also discussed in detail in this present review.
h i g h l i g h t s ICCP treatment reduced the corrosion resistance of Ti anode embedded in the m... more h i g h l i g h t s ICCP treatment reduced the corrosion resistance of Ti anode embedded in the mortar. ICCP treatment reduced Ca/Si ratio and increased the porosity in the secondary mortar. Acidification damage during ICCP treatment can be calculated by ExpAssoc equation.
Abstract In alkali-activated slag (AAS), the passive film significantly influences the corrosion ... more Abstract In alkali-activated slag (AAS), the passive film significantly influences the corrosion behavior of the reinforcing steel. The relationship between the surface characteristics and electrochemical performance of the passive reinforcing steel was investigated in simulated alkali-activated slag pore (SSP) solution in this paper. An adsorption aluminate/silicate layer (60 nm) generated on the reinforcing steel surface. Further, due to the influence of S2−, less compact passive film (containing FeS in the inner film) formed, leading to lower passive film resistance. However, the reinforcement still presented slightly higher charge transfer resistance due to the barrier effect of the adsorption layer in SSP solution.
h i g h l i g h t s Conductive aggregate was prepared by using porous ceramsite loaded with agar ... more h i g h l i g h t s Conductive aggregate was prepared by using porous ceramsite loaded with agar gel. The conductivity of conductive mortar was improved by the conductive aggregates. The resistivity of conductive mortar with CA can be quantitatively calculated.
Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely rela... more Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely related to the microstructure of AgCl film on the electrode surface. In this study, the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode prepared with different current density were investigated. With a higher current density, the distance for ions diffusion through the boundaries of AgCl grains was reduced, due to the tended growth of AgCl at crystal plane (111) and formation of more spherical AgCl grains and porous AgCl film. As a result, both the electrical resistivity of AgCl film and Rct of Ag|AgCl electrode decreased.
Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. ... more Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. The objective of this study is to clarify the inhibition effect of organic core–shell corrosion inhibitors (CSCI) on the corrosion performance of the reinforcement in simulated concrete pore solution. The results indicated that the corrosion rate of the reinforcement was significantly reduced by the core–shell corrosion inhibitors. When the concentration of BTA-containing CSCI was higher than 2.27 × 10−3 wt%, the inhibition efficiency was above 93%. The inhibitors were efficiently adsorbed on the reinforcement surface and formed [Fen(BTA)p]m complex, which was beneficial for corrosion protection of the reinforcement.
Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely rela... more Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely related to the microstructure of AgCl film on the electrode surface. In this study, the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode prepared with different current density were investigated. With a higher current density, the distance for ions diffusion through the boundaries of AgCl grains was reduced, due to the tended growth of AgCl at crystal plane (111) and formation of more spherical AgCl grains and porous AgCl film. As a result, both the electrical resistivity of AgCl film and Rct of Ag|AgCl electrode decreased.
Abstract Corrosion performance of the reinforcement was dramatically affected by chemical composi... more Abstract Corrosion performance of the reinforcement was dramatically affected by chemical compositions of pore solution in alkali-activated fly ash. In this study, the electrochemical behavior and surface properties of reinforcement were characterized in chloride-contaminated simulated alkali-activated fly ash pore (SAFP) solution. The results indicated that due to the high alkalinity and formation of zeolite-like adsorption layer (about 20 nm), the reinforcement was still in passive state and exhibited high corrosion resistance in chloride-contaminated SAFP solution. However, the protective effect of passivation film (consisted of mainly FeOOH outer film and FeO inner film) and corrosion resistance of the reinforcement were reduced by chlorides. Further, the chloride threshold in SAFP solution was 10 times larger than simulated cement pore solution, due to the competitive adsorption between OH−/silicates and chlorides.
Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. ... more Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. The objective of this study is to clarify the inhibition effect of organic core–shell corrosion inhibitors (CSCI) on the corrosion performance of the reinforcement in simulated concrete pore solution. The results indicated that the corrosion rate of the reinforcement was significantly reduced by the core–shell corrosion inhibitors. When the concentration of BTA-containing CSCI was higher than 2.27 × 10−3 wt%, the inhibition efficiency was above 93%. The inhibitors were efficiently adsorbed on the reinforcement surface and formed [Fen(BTA)p]m complex, which was beneficial for corrosion protection of the reinforcement.
The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride... more The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride-initiated corrosion of the reinforcement significantly influences the durability of reinforced concrete. This paper summarizes the research status of Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrode (ISE) used for non-destructive chloride detection in concrete. In general, four main topics are reviewed, including preparation of Ag/AgCl-ISE, main factors influencing the potential of Ag/AgCl-ISE, detection limit/potential response of Ag/AgCl-ISE, and novel composites/ electrochemical methods based on Ag/AgCl-ISE for chloride detection in concrete. Further, the existing problems and research strategies are also discussed in detail in this present review.
The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride... more The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride-initiated corrosion of the reinforcement significantly influences the durability of reinforced concrete. This paper summarizes the research status of Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrode (ISE) used for non-destructive chloride detection in concrete. In general, four main topics are reviewed, including preparation of Ag/AgCl-ISE, main factors influencing the potential of Ag/AgCl-ISE, detection limit/potential response of Ag/AgCl-ISE, and novel composites/ electrochemical methods based on Ag/AgCl-ISE for chloride detection in concrete. Further, the existing problems and research strategies are also discussed in detail in this present review.
h i g h l i g h t s ICCP treatment reduced the corrosion resistance of Ti anode embedded in the m... more h i g h l i g h t s ICCP treatment reduced the corrosion resistance of Ti anode embedded in the mortar. ICCP treatment reduced Ca/Si ratio and increased the porosity in the secondary mortar. Acidification damage during ICCP treatment can be calculated by ExpAssoc equation.
Abstract In alkali-activated slag (AAS), the passive film significantly influences the corrosion ... more Abstract In alkali-activated slag (AAS), the passive film significantly influences the corrosion behavior of the reinforcing steel. The relationship between the surface characteristics and electrochemical performance of the passive reinforcing steel was investigated in simulated alkali-activated slag pore (SSP) solution in this paper. An adsorption aluminate/silicate layer (60 nm) generated on the reinforcing steel surface. Further, due to the influence of S2−, less compact passive film (containing FeS in the inner film) formed, leading to lower passive film resistance. However, the reinforcement still presented slightly higher charge transfer resistance due to the barrier effect of the adsorption layer in SSP solution.
h i g h l i g h t s Conductive aggregate was prepared by using porous ceramsite loaded with agar ... more h i g h l i g h t s Conductive aggregate was prepared by using porous ceramsite loaded with agar gel. The conductivity of conductive mortar was improved by the conductive aggregates. The resistivity of conductive mortar with CA can be quantitatively calculated.
Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely rela... more Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely related to the microstructure of AgCl film on the electrode surface. In this study, the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode prepared with different current density were investigated. With a higher current density, the distance for ions diffusion through the boundaries of AgCl grains was reduced, due to the tended growth of AgCl at crystal plane (111) and formation of more spherical AgCl grains and porous AgCl film. As a result, both the electrical resistivity of AgCl film and Rct of Ag|AgCl electrode decreased.
Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. ... more Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. The objective of this study is to clarify the inhibition effect of organic core–shell corrosion inhibitors (CSCI) on the corrosion performance of the reinforcement in simulated concrete pore solution. The results indicated that the corrosion rate of the reinforcement was significantly reduced by the core–shell corrosion inhibitors. When the concentration of BTA-containing CSCI was higher than 2.27 × 10−3 wt%, the inhibition efficiency was above 93%. The inhibitors were efficiently adsorbed on the reinforcement surface and formed [Fen(BTA)p]m complex, which was beneficial for corrosion protection of the reinforcement.
Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely rela... more Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode for chloride detection is closely related to the microstructure of AgCl film on the electrode surface. In this study, the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of Ag|AgCl electrode prepared with different current density were investigated. With a higher current density, the distance for ions diffusion through the boundaries of AgCl grains was reduced, due to the tended growth of AgCl at crystal plane (111) and formation of more spherical AgCl grains and porous AgCl film. As a result, both the electrical resistivity of AgCl film and Rct of Ag|AgCl electrode decreased.
Abstract Corrosion performance of the reinforcement was dramatically affected by chemical composi... more Abstract Corrosion performance of the reinforcement was dramatically affected by chemical compositions of pore solution in alkali-activated fly ash. In this study, the electrochemical behavior and surface properties of reinforcement were characterized in chloride-contaminated simulated alkali-activated fly ash pore (SAFP) solution. The results indicated that due to the high alkalinity and formation of zeolite-like adsorption layer (about 20 nm), the reinforcement was still in passive state and exhibited high corrosion resistance in chloride-contaminated SAFP solution. However, the protective effect of passivation film (consisted of mainly FeOOH outer film and FeO inner film) and corrosion resistance of the reinforcement were reduced by chlorides. Further, the chloride threshold in SAFP solution was 10 times larger than simulated cement pore solution, due to the competitive adsorption between OH−/silicates and chlorides.
Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. ... more Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is widely used to mitigate corrosion damage of reinforced concrete. The objective of this study is to clarify the inhibition effect of organic core–shell corrosion inhibitors (CSCI) on the corrosion performance of the reinforcement in simulated concrete pore solution. The results indicated that the corrosion rate of the reinforcement was significantly reduced by the core–shell corrosion inhibitors. When the concentration of BTA-containing CSCI was higher than 2.27 × 10−3 wt%, the inhibition efficiency was above 93%. The inhibitors were efficiently adsorbed on the reinforcement surface and formed [Fen(BTA)p]m complex, which was beneficial for corrosion protection of the reinforcement.
The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride... more The accurate measurement of chloride content in concrete is of great importance, because chloride-initiated corrosion of the reinforcement significantly influences the durability of reinforced concrete. This paper summarizes the research status of Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrode (ISE) used for non-destructive chloride detection in concrete. In general, four main topics are reviewed, including preparation of Ag/AgCl-ISE, main factors influencing the potential of Ag/AgCl-ISE, detection limit/potential response of Ag/AgCl-ISE, and novel composites/ electrochemical methods based on Ag/AgCl-ISE for chloride detection in concrete. Further, the existing problems and research strategies are also discussed in detail in this present review.
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