This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented ... more This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of progressive dyspnea and lower extremity edema. The patient was previously healthy until he contracted COVID-19 approximately six months prior to the date of presentation. He made a full recovery two weeks later. However, in the ensuing months, he progressively declined with worsening shortness of breath and lower extremity edema. On outpatient cardiology evaluation, he was found to have cardiomegaly on chest radiograph and sinus tachycardia on electrocardiogram. He was sent to the emergency department for further evaluation. In the emergency department, bedside echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular thrombus. Intravenous anticoagulation and diuresis were initiated, and the patient was subsequently admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit for further evaluation and management.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency... more Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency presenting with acute, painless, monocular vision loss. Typical findings include poor visual acuity (VA), impaired color vision, relative afferent pupillary defect, and on fundoscopic evaluation, retinal edema, cherry red spot, and occasionally visualization of retinal artery emboli. While there are no proven treatments for CRAO, options include orbital massage, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and intra-arterial or intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). This study reviews the current literature on the efficacy of IVT for patients affected by acute, symptomatic CRAO and provides an up-to-date, evidence-based background for emergency physicians (EPs) who evaluate and manage these patients.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency... more Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency presenting with acute, painless, monocular vision loss. Typical findings include poor visual acuity (VA), impaired color vision, relative afferent pupillary defect, and on fundoscopic evaluation, retinal edema, cherry red spot, and occasionally visualization of retinal artery emboli. While there are no proven treatments for CRAO, options include orbital massage, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and intra-arterial or intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). This study reviews the current literature on the efficacy of IVT for patients affected by acute, symptomatic CRAO and provides an up-to-date, evidence-based background for emergency physicians (EPs) who evaluate and manage these patients.
This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented ... more This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of progressive dyspnea and lower extremity edema. The patient was previously healthy until he contracted COVID-19 approximately six months prior to the date of presentation. He made a full recovery two weeks later. However, in the ensuing months, he progressively declined with worsening shortness of breath and lower extremity edema. On outpatient cardiology evaluation, he was found to have cardiomegaly on chest radiograph and sinus tachycardia on electrocardiogram. He was sent to the emergency department for further evaluation. In the emergency department, bedside echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular thrombus. Intravenous anticoagulation and diuresis were initiated, and the patient was subsequently admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit for further evaluation and management.
This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented ... more This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of progressive dyspnea and lower extremity edema. The patient was previously healthy until he contracted COVID-19 approximately six months prior to the date of presentation. He made a full recovery two weeks later. However, in the ensuing months, he progressively declined with worsening shortness of breath and lower extremity edema. On outpatient cardiology evaluation, he was found to have cardiomegaly on chest radiograph and sinus tachycardia on electrocardiogram. He was sent to the emergency department for further evaluation. In the emergency department, bedside echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular thrombus. Intravenous anticoagulation and diuresis were initiated, and the patient was subsequently admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit for further evaluation and management.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency... more Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency presenting with acute, painless, monocular vision loss. Typical findings include poor visual acuity (VA), impaired color vision, relative afferent pupillary defect, and on fundoscopic evaluation, retinal edema, cherry red spot, and occasionally visualization of retinal artery emboli. While there are no proven treatments for CRAO, options include orbital massage, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and intra-arterial or intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). This study reviews the current literature on the efficacy of IVT for patients affected by acute, symptomatic CRAO and provides an up-to-date, evidence-based background for emergency physicians (EPs) who evaluate and manage these patients.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency... more Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a subtype of ischemic stroke and true ocular emergency presenting with acute, painless, monocular vision loss. Typical findings include poor visual acuity (VA), impaired color vision, relative afferent pupillary defect, and on fundoscopic evaluation, retinal edema, cherry red spot, and occasionally visualization of retinal artery emboli. While there are no proven treatments for CRAO, options include orbital massage, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and intra-arterial or intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). This study reviews the current literature on the efficacy of IVT for patients affected by acute, symptomatic CRAO and provides an up-to-date, evidence-based background for emergency physicians (EPs) who evaluate and manage these patients.
This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented ... more This case report chronicles a 47-year-old male with no known past medical history, who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of progressive dyspnea and lower extremity edema. The patient was previously healthy until he contracted COVID-19 approximately six months prior to the date of presentation. He made a full recovery two weeks later. However, in the ensuing months, he progressively declined with worsening shortness of breath and lower extremity edema. On outpatient cardiology evaluation, he was found to have cardiomegaly on chest radiograph and sinus tachycardia on electrocardiogram. He was sent to the emergency department for further evaluation. In the emergency department, bedside echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular thrombus. Intravenous anticoagulation and diuresis were initiated, and the patient was subsequently admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit for further evaluation and management.
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