Background The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), ... more Background The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR) belong to the steroid receptor family. Studies have shown that there is a cross-regulation between ER and GR that can affect the EMT process. Methods The present study verified the promoting effect of GR on breast cancer endocrine resistance. Survival and GR gene expression data was obtained from the METABRIC. GR gene expression profiling data were obtained from the GEO. Cytoscape was used to construct a PPI network and screen the key genes. Vimentin, E-cad, and Wnt/β-catenin gene expression data was obtained from TCGA. The co-expression method was employed to screen the key protein. The UALCAN and cBioPortal were used to verify the function of the key protein. Results In ER + breast cancer, GR and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were lowly expressed and KEGG showed that down-regulated genes of GR differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched ...
2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is an unconventional oncometabolite of α-ketoglutarate. Isocitrate dehy... more 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is an unconventional oncometabolite of α-ketoglutarate. Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation is generally acknowledged to be the main cause of 2-HG accumulation. In isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant tumors, 2-HG accumulation inhibits α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases, resulting in epigenetic alterations. Recently, the increase of 2-HG has also been observed in the cases of mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia. In these cases, 2-HG not only inhibits α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases to regulate epigenetics but also affects other cellular pathways, such as regulating hypoxia-inducible transcription factors and glycolysis. These provide a new perspective for the study of 2-HG.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) are directly ... more The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) are directly related to its flower pattern. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the type formation of P. lactiflora flowers have not been studied in great detail. Previous studies identified, using integrated multipleomics analysis, revealed that APETALA2 (AP2) is an important candidate gene that modulates type formation of P. lactiflora flowers. To further reveal the expression mechanism of AP2 in P. lactiflora petals, we examined the profile of AP2 expression in the inner and outer petals of 'ZiFengyu' at various developmental stages using qRT-PCR and BSP+Miseq methylation analysis. Based on our data, the AP2 levels in the outer petals were obviously increased, relative to the inner petals. In addition, the S3 levels at the bloom stage were significantly higher than at the flower-bud stage S1, thereby promoting bloom stage S2, while declining stage S4. Using chromosome walking, the 2000 bp of the 5′-end upstream promoter region was achieved. This region harbored a CpG island (−665∼−872 bp), with multiple essential transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) such as NF-kappa B, GATA-1, Sp1, and C/EBP. Methylation sequencing revealed 7 methylated CpG sites in the CpG island region of the AP2 promoter, thereinto, the methylation ratio of the CpG-3 site in the inner petals was significantly higher than in the outer petals. Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between the level of methylation (CpG-3, CpG-6), and AP2 mRNA expression. CpG-3 was located on the Sp1 transcription factor binding site. Thus, we speculated that the CpG-3 methylation may inhibit transcription factor Sp1 binding to the gene promoter, thereby regulating AP2 expression. Herein, we examined the role of AP2 in the determination of flower patterns in P. lactiflora. Our conclusion will provide theoretical guidance for the molecular breeding of the flower pattern in P. lactiflora.
Background and Aims. Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with an increased risk of nonal... more Background and Aims. Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, whether this association is causal is undetermined. Methods. Each participant from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study based on 27,009 retirees was interviewed face-to-face following a clinical examination. Covariance, logistic regression analysis, and instrumental variables were used to assess associations between SUA and (severity of) NAFLD and the causal link. Results. Among 8,429 subjects free of NAFLD at baseline, 2,007 participants developed NAFLD after 5 years of follow-up. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for NAFLD for individuals in the fourth quartile of SUA level versus those in the first was 1.71 (95% CI: 1.45-2.01, P for trend <0.001) and was more dramatic in women or normal-weight persons. Furthermore, SUA was materially associated with greater mean markers of hepatic necroinflammation and greater probabilities of fibr...
Purpose. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is an important biomarker of aging. The oxidative balanc... more Purpose. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is an important biomarker of aging. The oxidative balance score (OBS) is used to assess the oxidative stress-related exposures of diet and lifestyle. This study is aimed at exploring if the OBS was associated with LTL. Methods. 3220 adults were included in this study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. LTL was assayed from leukocyte DNA. Twenty dietary and lifestyle factors were selected to score the OBS. Survey-based multivariable linear regression was conducted to assess the association between the OBS and log-transformed LTL. Results. The association between the OBS and log-transformed LTL was positive in females but not males. For females, compared with the lowest OBS category as a reference, the multivariable-adjusted beta estimate (95% confidence interval, CI) for the highest OBS category was 0.0701 (0.0205–0.1197) ( p for trend < 0.01 ), and the multivariable-adjusted beta estimate (95% CI) ...
Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. The crucial role of circular RNAs has been documented ... more Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. The crucial role of circular RNAs has been documented in many types of cancer, including melanoma. The objective of this study was to uncover the function of circ_0084043 in the biological process of melanoma and associated mechanism of action. The expression of circ_0084043, miR-31, and Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were monitored by the MTT assay and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The progression of glycolysis was evaluated according to the levels of glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP concentration using appropriate detection kits. The relationship between miR-31 and circ_0084043 or KLF3 was predicted by the bioinformatics tool and ascertained by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The protein levels of KLF3 and glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) were quantified by western blot. A xenograft model was established to ascertain the role of circ_0084043 in vivo. As a res...
Additional file 3: Table S3. Hazard ratios of T2DM incidence for MPV stratified by characteristic... more Additional file 3: Table S3. Hazard ratios of T2DM incidence for MPV stratified by characteristics relevant to MPV.
Extensive observational and numerical simulations have been performed to better characterize the ... more Extensive observational and numerical simulations have been performed to better characterize the role of aerosols in affecting the clouds and precipitation. However, due to the large uncertainties of aerosol property, the effect of aerosols on clouds and precipitation over the arid and semiarid region (briefly called ‘drylands’) of East Asia (EA) is still unclear. Basing on observations and model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), we investigated the aerosol's effects on the cloud properties and precipitation over the drylands of EA from 1850 to the present and projected forward to 2,300. It is found that, during 1850–2005, with the mean aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the drylands of EA increasing, the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) increases, while the cloud effective droplet radius (CEDR) decreases significantly at a rate of −0.40 μm·century−1. Besides, the cloud water path (CWP) and precipitation show slightly increasing trends with the AOD increasing. Additionally, the effect of aerosols on cloud properties is saturated when the AODs reach 0.21 and 0.15 over the arid region (AR) and semiarid region (SR), respectively. According to the prediction for the period 2006–2300, the AOD and CDNC tend to decline over the drylands of EA, while the CWP, CEDR and precipitation show increasing trends. Particularly, the aerosol, clouds and precipitation indicate more significant changes over the SR in EA during 2006–2300. In future research, there is an urgent need to quantify the contribution of aerosol‐cloud interaction to the precipitation change over the drylands of EA.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis for the development of cardio-cerebrovascular... more Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis for the development of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Abnormal accumulation of apoptotic and necrotic cells resulted in plaque enlargement, necrotic core formation and plaque rupture in AS. Under physiological conditions, apoptotic cells (ACs) could be effectively phagocytized and cleared by phagocyte-mediated efferocytosis. In contrast, the clearance efficiency of ACs in AS plaque was much lower because of the impaired efferocytosis in AS. Recent findings have made great progress on the molecular mechanisms of efferocytosis process and dynamic regulation, and its dysfunction on organismal health. Yet, there are still few effective treatments for this process. This article reviews the mechanism of efferocytosis and the role of efferocytosis in AS, highlighting a novel therapeutic strategy for AS, which mainly prevents the progression of plaque by targeting efferocytosis.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are considered important nanomaterials with rapidly growin... more Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are considered important nanomaterials with rapidly growing applications. They are inevitably released into the environment, which has attracted considerable attention for their potential threats to ecosystems. In this study, Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang was exposed to MWCNTs at different concentrations under high temperature. The results showed that high temperature-induced P. ostii damage was prevented by MWCNTs, and 200 mg/L was the most effective concentration. First, MWCNTs prevented increases in reactive oxygen species, relative electrical conductivity and free proline content, and reduced decreases in SPAD, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Moreover, the ascorbate-glutathione (ASA-GSH) cycle was activated in response to the MWCNTs treatments, whereas the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were inhibited. And the MWCNTs treatments also resulted in higher photosynthesis and more intact anatomical structures. Furthermore, the metabolome also confirmed that the ASA-GSH cycle played a critical role in P. ostii high-temperature tolerance, and other biological processes also responded to the MWCNTs treatments. Additionally, the genes involved in the P. ostii ASA-GSH cycle were highly expressed in response to the MWCNTs treatments. These results elucidated the beneficial role of MWCNTs in P. ostii growth under high temperature.
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2021
Abstract Catalytic reduction of CO2 to methane constitutes an important reaction for mitigating t... more Abstract Catalytic reduction of CO2 to methane constitutes an important reaction for mitigating the climate change and reducing the dependence on fossil energy resources. In this study, morphology effect of MnOx support on Ru catalysts was investigated for CO2 methanation. Significantly higher methanation rates and methane selectivities were obtained over Ru loaded on Mn3O4 hexagonal nanoplates compared to Ru supported on Mn3O4 octahedron catalysts. HR-TEM measurements revealed that the reduced RuHNS and RuONS catalyst consisted of MnO crystal phase with exposing (200) & (111) and (111) crystal facet, respectively. The CH4 yield of RuHNS was almost twice as high as RuONS, and the TOFs (Turnover frequency) calculated for these were 4.00 and 2.08 10−2S−1, respectively Moreover, as revealed by various physicochemical characterization techniques such as Raman, temperature-programmed reduction with hydrogen (H2-TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed surface reaction with carbon dioxide (CO2-TPSR), which are responsible for the observed catalytic behavior, allowing reactants to adsorb more easily and lowering the energy barrier for both H2 and CO2. The present work highlights the importance of support morphology of Ru loaded on reducible support on CO2 methanation.
Background The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), ... more Background The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR) belong to the steroid receptor family. Studies have shown that there is a cross-regulation between ER and GR that can affect the EMT process. Methods The present study verified the promoting effect of GR on breast cancer endocrine resistance. Survival and GR gene expression data was obtained from the METABRIC. GR gene expression profiling data were obtained from the GEO. Cytoscape was used to construct a PPI network and screen the key genes. Vimentin, E-cad, and Wnt/β-catenin gene expression data was obtained from TCGA. The co-expression method was employed to screen the key protein. The UALCAN and cBioPortal were used to verify the function of the key protein. Results In ER + breast cancer, GR and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were lowly expressed and KEGG showed that down-regulated genes of GR differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched ...
2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is an unconventional oncometabolite of α-ketoglutarate. Isocitrate dehy... more 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is an unconventional oncometabolite of α-ketoglutarate. Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation is generally acknowledged to be the main cause of 2-HG accumulation. In isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant tumors, 2-HG accumulation inhibits α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases, resulting in epigenetic alterations. Recently, the increase of 2-HG has also been observed in the cases of mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia. In these cases, 2-HG not only inhibits α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases to regulate epigenetics but also affects other cellular pathways, such as regulating hypoxia-inducible transcription factors and glycolysis. These provide a new perspective for the study of 2-HG.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) are directly ... more The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) are directly related to its flower pattern. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the type formation of P. lactiflora flowers have not been studied in great detail. Previous studies identified, using integrated multipleomics analysis, revealed that APETALA2 (AP2) is an important candidate gene that modulates type formation of P. lactiflora flowers. To further reveal the expression mechanism of AP2 in P. lactiflora petals, we examined the profile of AP2 expression in the inner and outer petals of 'ZiFengyu' at various developmental stages using qRT-PCR and BSP+Miseq methylation analysis. Based on our data, the AP2 levels in the outer petals were obviously increased, relative to the inner petals. In addition, the S3 levels at the bloom stage were significantly higher than at the flower-bud stage S1, thereby promoting bloom stage S2, while declining stage S4. Using chromosome walking, the 2000 bp of the 5′-end upstream promoter region was achieved. This region harbored a CpG island (−665∼−872 bp), with multiple essential transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) such as NF-kappa B, GATA-1, Sp1, and C/EBP. Methylation sequencing revealed 7 methylated CpG sites in the CpG island region of the AP2 promoter, thereinto, the methylation ratio of the CpG-3 site in the inner petals was significantly higher than in the outer petals. Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between the level of methylation (CpG-3, CpG-6), and AP2 mRNA expression. CpG-3 was located on the Sp1 transcription factor binding site. Thus, we speculated that the CpG-3 methylation may inhibit transcription factor Sp1 binding to the gene promoter, thereby regulating AP2 expression. Herein, we examined the role of AP2 in the determination of flower patterns in P. lactiflora. Our conclusion will provide theoretical guidance for the molecular breeding of the flower pattern in P. lactiflora.
Background and Aims. Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with an increased risk of nonal... more Background and Aims. Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, whether this association is causal is undetermined. Methods. Each participant from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study based on 27,009 retirees was interviewed face-to-face following a clinical examination. Covariance, logistic regression analysis, and instrumental variables were used to assess associations between SUA and (severity of) NAFLD and the causal link. Results. Among 8,429 subjects free of NAFLD at baseline, 2,007 participants developed NAFLD after 5 years of follow-up. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for NAFLD for individuals in the fourth quartile of SUA level versus those in the first was 1.71 (95% CI: 1.45-2.01, P for trend <0.001) and was more dramatic in women or normal-weight persons. Furthermore, SUA was materially associated with greater mean markers of hepatic necroinflammation and greater probabilities of fibr...
Purpose. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is an important biomarker of aging. The oxidative balanc... more Purpose. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is an important biomarker of aging. The oxidative balance score (OBS) is used to assess the oxidative stress-related exposures of diet and lifestyle. This study is aimed at exploring if the OBS was associated with LTL. Methods. 3220 adults were included in this study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. LTL was assayed from leukocyte DNA. Twenty dietary and lifestyle factors were selected to score the OBS. Survey-based multivariable linear regression was conducted to assess the association between the OBS and log-transformed LTL. Results. The association between the OBS and log-transformed LTL was positive in females but not males. For females, compared with the lowest OBS category as a reference, the multivariable-adjusted beta estimate (95% confidence interval, CI) for the highest OBS category was 0.0701 (0.0205–0.1197) ( p for trend < 0.01 ), and the multivariable-adjusted beta estimate (95% CI) ...
Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. The crucial role of circular RNAs has been documented ... more Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. The crucial role of circular RNAs has been documented in many types of cancer, including melanoma. The objective of this study was to uncover the function of circ_0084043 in the biological process of melanoma and associated mechanism of action. The expression of circ_0084043, miR-31, and Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were monitored by the MTT assay and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The progression of glycolysis was evaluated according to the levels of glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP concentration using appropriate detection kits. The relationship between miR-31 and circ_0084043 or KLF3 was predicted by the bioinformatics tool and ascertained by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The protein levels of KLF3 and glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) were quantified by western blot. A xenograft model was established to ascertain the role of circ_0084043 in vivo. As a res...
Additional file 3: Table S3. Hazard ratios of T2DM incidence for MPV stratified by characteristic... more Additional file 3: Table S3. Hazard ratios of T2DM incidence for MPV stratified by characteristics relevant to MPV.
Extensive observational and numerical simulations have been performed to better characterize the ... more Extensive observational and numerical simulations have been performed to better characterize the role of aerosols in affecting the clouds and precipitation. However, due to the large uncertainties of aerosol property, the effect of aerosols on clouds and precipitation over the arid and semiarid region (briefly called ‘drylands’) of East Asia (EA) is still unclear. Basing on observations and model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), we investigated the aerosol's effects on the cloud properties and precipitation over the drylands of EA from 1850 to the present and projected forward to 2,300. It is found that, during 1850–2005, with the mean aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the drylands of EA increasing, the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) increases, while the cloud effective droplet radius (CEDR) decreases significantly at a rate of −0.40 μm·century−1. Besides, the cloud water path (CWP) and precipitation show slightly increasing trends with the AOD increasing. Additionally, the effect of aerosols on cloud properties is saturated when the AODs reach 0.21 and 0.15 over the arid region (AR) and semiarid region (SR), respectively. According to the prediction for the period 2006–2300, the AOD and CDNC tend to decline over the drylands of EA, while the CWP, CEDR and precipitation show increasing trends. Particularly, the aerosol, clouds and precipitation indicate more significant changes over the SR in EA during 2006–2300. In future research, there is an urgent need to quantify the contribution of aerosol‐cloud interaction to the precipitation change over the drylands of EA.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis for the development of cardio-cerebrovascular... more Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis for the development of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Abnormal accumulation of apoptotic and necrotic cells resulted in plaque enlargement, necrotic core formation and plaque rupture in AS. Under physiological conditions, apoptotic cells (ACs) could be effectively phagocytized and cleared by phagocyte-mediated efferocytosis. In contrast, the clearance efficiency of ACs in AS plaque was much lower because of the impaired efferocytosis in AS. Recent findings have made great progress on the molecular mechanisms of efferocytosis process and dynamic regulation, and its dysfunction on organismal health. Yet, there are still few effective treatments for this process. This article reviews the mechanism of efferocytosis and the role of efferocytosis in AS, highlighting a novel therapeutic strategy for AS, which mainly prevents the progression of plaque by targeting efferocytosis.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are considered important nanomaterials with rapidly growin... more Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are considered important nanomaterials with rapidly growing applications. They are inevitably released into the environment, which has attracted considerable attention for their potential threats to ecosystems. In this study, Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang was exposed to MWCNTs at different concentrations under high temperature. The results showed that high temperature-induced P. ostii damage was prevented by MWCNTs, and 200 mg/L was the most effective concentration. First, MWCNTs prevented increases in reactive oxygen species, relative electrical conductivity and free proline content, and reduced decreases in SPAD, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Moreover, the ascorbate-glutathione (ASA-GSH) cycle was activated in response to the MWCNTs treatments, whereas the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were inhibited. And the MWCNTs treatments also resulted in higher photosynthesis and more intact anatomical structures. Furthermore, the metabolome also confirmed that the ASA-GSH cycle played a critical role in P. ostii high-temperature tolerance, and other biological processes also responded to the MWCNTs treatments. Additionally, the genes involved in the P. ostii ASA-GSH cycle were highly expressed in response to the MWCNTs treatments. These results elucidated the beneficial role of MWCNTs in P. ostii growth under high temperature.
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2021
Abstract Catalytic reduction of CO2 to methane constitutes an important reaction for mitigating t... more Abstract Catalytic reduction of CO2 to methane constitutes an important reaction for mitigating the climate change and reducing the dependence on fossil energy resources. In this study, morphology effect of MnOx support on Ru catalysts was investigated for CO2 methanation. Significantly higher methanation rates and methane selectivities were obtained over Ru loaded on Mn3O4 hexagonal nanoplates compared to Ru supported on Mn3O4 octahedron catalysts. HR-TEM measurements revealed that the reduced RuHNS and RuONS catalyst consisted of MnO crystal phase with exposing (200) & (111) and (111) crystal facet, respectively. The CH4 yield of RuHNS was almost twice as high as RuONS, and the TOFs (Turnover frequency) calculated for these were 4.00 and 2.08 10−2S−1, respectively Moreover, as revealed by various physicochemical characterization techniques such as Raman, temperature-programmed reduction with hydrogen (H2-TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed surface reaction with carbon dioxide (CO2-TPSR), which are responsible for the observed catalytic behavior, allowing reactants to adsorb more easily and lowering the energy barrier for both H2 and CO2. The present work highlights the importance of support morphology of Ru loaded on reducible support on CO2 methanation.
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