The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of calcium anacarda... more The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of calcium anacardate as a source of phenolic compounds on the reproductive performance and blood antioxidant parameters of New Zealand White female rabbits. Twenty-seven New Zealand White female rabbits were distributed in a randomized complete block design with three treatments and nine replicates, considering one animal as the experimental unit. The treatments consisted of pelleted diets with different inclusion levels of calcium anacardate (0, 0.5, and 1.0%). The inclusion of calcium anacardate in the diets increased the concentration of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity in the blood of lactating female rabbits. Calcium anacardate at the level of 1.0% improves the feed conversion ratio during gestation and increases the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in the blood serum of female rabbits at 21 days of lactation.
Leucaena leaf meal in laying hen diets provided more pigmented yolks. The inclusion of Leucaena l... more Leucaena leaf meal in laying hen diets provided more pigmented yolks. The inclusion of Leucaena leaf meal at 8% affected egg production. Diets with higher fiber level resulted in lower nutrient metabolisability.
Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, May 1, 2020
Nos sistemas de produção, os produtos naturais vêm se destacando na substituição a produtos sinté... more Nos sistemas de produção, os produtos naturais vêm se destacando na substituição a produtos sintéticos, dentre eles podemos ressaltar os óleos vegetais ricos em ácido graxos poli-insaturados (PUFA), que são conhecidos, popularmente, por seus efeitos benéficos. Dessa forma, o objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação dos óleos de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) e girassol (Helianthus annus) sobre parâmetros fisiológicos em leitões na fase de creche. Foram utilizados 180 leitões alojados em granja comercial, distribuídos em três grupos (n=60) conforme suplementação alimentar: óleo de pequi, óleo de girassol e controle negativo. Amostras de sangue e o peso dos animais foram obtidos nos intervalos de quatro trocas de rações da fase de creche para avaliação do desempenho, da resposta inflamatória, do perfil lipídico e do "status" oxidativo. Os parâmetros fisiológicos mensurados demonstraram que os óleos interferiram positivamente na resposta inflamatória sistêmica, por meio dos leucócitos totais e da relação neutrófilo/linfócito (P<0,05); no equilíbrio oxidante-antioxidante, por mensuração de óxido nítrico e do malondialdeído (P<0,05); e no metabolismo lipídico, com a avaliação de colesterol total e triglicérides (P<0,05). Por outro lado, esses óleos vegetais interferiram no ganho de peso e no consumo de ração (P<0,05). Assim, concluí-se que a suplementação com óleos de pequi e girassol melhora a saúde dos animais, mas tem impacto negativo no desempenho zootécnico de leitões na fase de creche.
The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in ... more The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in muscle deposition. The effects of ractopamine on performance and carcass traits in pigs may be varied depending on the level of agonist and amino acids, especially lysine, on diet, sex and age of the animals at the beginning of the additive supply. These factors, as well as the feed cost and the adoption or not the carcass classification influence the economic viability of the use of ractopamine. The economic analysis, therefore, is necessary to evaluate the feasibility of ractopamine inclusion in diets of finishing gilts. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of ractopamine at 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of diets for gilts slaughtered with 110 kg, on feed cost, gross and net incomes, considering or not the carcass rewarding. A total of 468 gilts were used and fed for 28 days. There was an increase in feed cost and linear decrease in net income without carcass rewarding with raising level of additive. For net income with carcass rewarding, there was a linear effect with higher income for the level of 15 mg/kg. Considering the carcass classification, the inclusion of ractopamine at the level of 15 mg/kg promotes higher income.
Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal, 2009
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the adequacy of indigestible neutral detergent fiber ... more The aim of the present work was to evaluate the adequacy of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFi) and indigestible acid detergent fiber (ADFi) as internal markers to estimate the digestibilities of three feedlot beef cattle diets containing 60% corn silage and 40% concentrates, including sunflower meal and urea plus either 25% ground corn grain (GCG); 8.2% GCG, and 19.3% soybean hulls; or 8.5% GCG and 20% corn germ meal. Twenty-seven Nellore steers in confinement were distributed among the three treatments. The NDFi and ADFi percentages were quantified after 144h of in vitro incubation of ingredients, orts and faecal samples. The mean digestibilities of dry matter (59.9 vs 59.8%), crude protein (54.4 vs 54.3%), NDF (52.2 vs 51.8%) and ADF (40.4 vs 40.9%) estimated by NDFi and ADFi, respectively, were similar with no effect of ingredients used. It was concluded that the NDFi (18.9%) and ADFi (11.8%) concentrations of the 25% GCG diet were adequate to estimate the digestibility coefficients in diets with 40% of concentrate, independent of the inclusion of fiber-rich ingredients in partial substitution of ground corn.
Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 2010
Resumo Com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade produtiva e econômica da inclusão do farelo de coc... more Resumo Com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade produtiva e econômica da inclusão do farelo de coco (FC) e complexo enzimático (E) em dietas para suínos na fase de crescimento, utilizaram-se 20 suínos machos castrados de mesma linhagem, com peso ...
The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in ... more The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in muscle deposition. The effects of ractopamine on performance and carcass traits in pigs may be varied depending on the level of agonist and amino acids, especially lysine, on diet, sex and age of the animals at the beginning of the additive supply. These factors, as well as the feed cost and the adoption or not the carcass classification influence the economic viability of the use of ractopamine. The economic analysis, therefore, is necessary to evaluate the feasibility of ractopamine inclusion in diets of finishing gilts. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of ractopamine at 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of diets for gilts slaughtered with 110 kg, on feed cost, gross and net incomes, considering or not the carcass rewarding. A total of 468 gilts were used and fed for 28 days. There was an increase in feed cost and linear decrease in net income without carcass rewarding with raising level of additive. For net income with carcass rewarding, there was a linear effect with higher income for the level of 15 mg/kg. Considering the carcass classification, the inclusion of ractopamine at the level of 15 mg/kg promotes higher income.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for male and female ... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for male and female meat quails raised in an equatorial region on performance and carcass traits. A total of 1,500 sexed quails (Coturnix coturnix) was distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 2 sexes (male and female) and 3 lighting programs (natural, intermittent, and continuous) with 5 replicates of 50 birds. The lighting programs were applied in the period from 7 to 49 d of age, being natural (12 h and 30 min of natural light and 11 h and 30 min of dark), intermittent (12 h and 30 min of natural light and 5 h and 30 min of artificial light, alternating lighting periods with one h and 06 min and periods of darkness with one h and 12 min), and continuous (23 h of natural + artificial light and one h of dark). Regardless of lighting program, female quails were heavier than males, and birds subjected to natural light weighed less than those exposed to continuous and intermittent lighting programs. Quails exposed to intermittent and continuous light presented higher weight gain and feed intake, and worse feed conversion ratio compared to birds under a natural light regimen. It is concluded that in an equatorial region, it is possible to use a lighting program with only natural light for raising male and female meat quails from 7 to 49 d of age.
Efeito da adição de probiótico em dietas de leitões desmamados sobre as características do sistem... more Efeito da adição de probiótico em dietas de leitões desmamados sobre as características do sistema digestório e de desempenho 1
South African Journal of Animal Science, Jun 25, 2019
Organic acids have stood out as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, especially those ext... more Organic acids have stood out as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, especially those extracted from plants, such as anacardic acid, which is present in cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). This study evaluates the effects of CNSL as a source of anacardic acid in diets of laying hens on performance, egg quality, lipid stability of yolk and microbiological analysis of excreta. A total of 216 commercial Hisex White laying hens were housed in cages and distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six replicates of six birds per treatment. Treatments consisted of a diet without antibiotic growth promoter (AGP); diet with AGP (Halquinol 60% at 0.1 g/kg and Enramycin 8% at 0.1 g/kg); and four diets without AGP and with the inclusion of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg CNSL. No effects of dietary addition of AGP and CNSL were observed in bird performance and external quality of eggs. A quadratic effect was observed for lipid oxidation in egg yolk, the minimum value of which was found at 5.8 g/kg CNSL. There were no significant effects of treatments on total mesophilic, total coliform and thermotolerant coliform counts on excreta. In conclusion, adding up to 10.0 g/kg of CNSL as source of anacardic acid in laying hen diet did not influence performance or egg quality, but the addition from 7.5 g/kg of CNSL upwards reduced lipid oxidation and improved the yolk colour.
We determined the nutritional and energy compositions of sunflower seed cake (SC) and examined th... more We determined the nutritional and energy compositions of sunflower seed cake (SC) and examined the effects of its inclusion in the diet of meat quail. A metabolism trial was performed employing the total excreta collection method, with 144 quails that were assigned to three treatments (control diet and two test diets in which SC replaced 20 and 40% of the control diet) in a completely randomised design (CRD) with six replicates of eight birds. The values determined of dry matter, crude protein and metabolisable energy were 94.72%, 24.29% and 2,629 kcal/kg, respectively. For the performance trial, 432 quails were assigned to six treatments (dietary inclusion of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% SC) in a CRD with six replicates of 12 birds. The metabolic coefficients of dry matter (MCDM) and gross energy (MCGE) of the diet decreased linearly with increasing SC levels. Compared with the control group, SC inclusion at levels greater than 10% resulted in lower MCDM and MCGE values, whereas SC inclusion at 20 and 25% reduced AMEn. Weight gain, feed conversion and economic viability parameters showed a quadratic response, with the best values obtained at the respective SC levels of 15.5, 14.0, and 15.4%. Gizzard weight increased linearly with the inclusion of SC, whereas bone quality was not affected. Sunflower cake can be used up to 25% in diets of meat quails without compromising their performance. However, the best feed conversion and economic viability are obtained with an SC inclusion level of 15%.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, Aug 1, 2010
Carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy swine fed different citrus pulp levels [Carac... more Carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy swine fed different citrus pulp levels [Características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de suínos com elevado peso de abate, alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de polpa cítrica]
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of calcium anacarda... more The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of calcium anacardate as a source of phenolic compounds on the reproductive performance and blood antioxidant parameters of New Zealand White female rabbits. Twenty-seven New Zealand White female rabbits were distributed in a randomized complete block design with three treatments and nine replicates, considering one animal as the experimental unit. The treatments consisted of pelleted diets with different inclusion levels of calcium anacardate (0, 0.5, and 1.0%). The inclusion of calcium anacardate in the diets increased the concentration of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity in the blood of lactating female rabbits. Calcium anacardate at the level of 1.0% improves the feed conversion ratio during gestation and increases the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in the blood serum of female rabbits at 21 days of lactation.
Leucaena leaf meal in laying hen diets provided more pigmented yolks. The inclusion of Leucaena l... more Leucaena leaf meal in laying hen diets provided more pigmented yolks. The inclusion of Leucaena leaf meal at 8% affected egg production. Diets with higher fiber level resulted in lower nutrient metabolisability.
Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, May 1, 2020
Nos sistemas de produção, os produtos naturais vêm se destacando na substituição a produtos sinté... more Nos sistemas de produção, os produtos naturais vêm se destacando na substituição a produtos sintéticos, dentre eles podemos ressaltar os óleos vegetais ricos em ácido graxos poli-insaturados (PUFA), que são conhecidos, popularmente, por seus efeitos benéficos. Dessa forma, o objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação dos óleos de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) e girassol (Helianthus annus) sobre parâmetros fisiológicos em leitões na fase de creche. Foram utilizados 180 leitões alojados em granja comercial, distribuídos em três grupos (n=60) conforme suplementação alimentar: óleo de pequi, óleo de girassol e controle negativo. Amostras de sangue e o peso dos animais foram obtidos nos intervalos de quatro trocas de rações da fase de creche para avaliação do desempenho, da resposta inflamatória, do perfil lipídico e do "status" oxidativo. Os parâmetros fisiológicos mensurados demonstraram que os óleos interferiram positivamente na resposta inflamatória sistêmica, por meio dos leucócitos totais e da relação neutrófilo/linfócito (P<0,05); no equilíbrio oxidante-antioxidante, por mensuração de óxido nítrico e do malondialdeído (P<0,05); e no metabolismo lipídico, com a avaliação de colesterol total e triglicérides (P<0,05). Por outro lado, esses óleos vegetais interferiram no ganho de peso e no consumo de ração (P<0,05). Assim, concluí-se que a suplementação com óleos de pequi e girassol melhora a saúde dos animais, mas tem impacto negativo no desempenho zootécnico de leitões na fase de creche.
The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in ... more The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in muscle deposition. The effects of ractopamine on performance and carcass traits in pigs may be varied depending on the level of agonist and amino acids, especially lysine, on diet, sex and age of the animals at the beginning of the additive supply. These factors, as well as the feed cost and the adoption or not the carcass classification influence the economic viability of the use of ractopamine. The economic analysis, therefore, is necessary to evaluate the feasibility of ractopamine inclusion in diets of finishing gilts. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of ractopamine at 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of diets for gilts slaughtered with 110 kg, on feed cost, gross and net incomes, considering or not the carcass rewarding. A total of 468 gilts were used and fed for 28 days. There was an increase in feed cost and linear decrease in net income without carcass rewarding with raising level of additive. For net income with carcass rewarding, there was a linear effect with higher income for the level of 15 mg/kg. Considering the carcass classification, the inclusion of ractopamine at the level of 15 mg/kg promotes higher income.
Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal, 2009
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the adequacy of indigestible neutral detergent fiber ... more The aim of the present work was to evaluate the adequacy of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFi) and indigestible acid detergent fiber (ADFi) as internal markers to estimate the digestibilities of three feedlot beef cattle diets containing 60% corn silage and 40% concentrates, including sunflower meal and urea plus either 25% ground corn grain (GCG); 8.2% GCG, and 19.3% soybean hulls; or 8.5% GCG and 20% corn germ meal. Twenty-seven Nellore steers in confinement were distributed among the three treatments. The NDFi and ADFi percentages were quantified after 144h of in vitro incubation of ingredients, orts and faecal samples. The mean digestibilities of dry matter (59.9 vs 59.8%), crude protein (54.4 vs 54.3%), NDF (52.2 vs 51.8%) and ADF (40.4 vs 40.9%) estimated by NDFi and ADFi, respectively, were similar with no effect of ingredients used. It was concluded that the NDFi (18.9%) and ADFi (11.8%) concentrations of the 25% GCG diet were adequate to estimate the digestibility coefficients in diets with 40% of concentrate, independent of the inclusion of fiber-rich ingredients in partial substitution of ground corn.
Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 2010
Resumo Com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade produtiva e econômica da inclusão do farelo de coc... more Resumo Com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade produtiva e econômica da inclusão do farelo de coco (FC) e complexo enzimático (E) em dietas para suínos na fase de crescimento, utilizaram-se 20 suínos machos castrados de mesma linhagem, com peso ...
The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in ... more The use of adrenergic agonists such as ractopamine leads to lean carcasses due to an increase in muscle deposition. The effects of ractopamine on performance and carcass traits in pigs may be varied depending on the level of agonist and amino acids, especially lysine, on diet, sex and age of the animals at the beginning of the additive supply. These factors, as well as the feed cost and the adoption or not the carcass classification influence the economic viability of the use of ractopamine. The economic analysis, therefore, is necessary to evaluate the feasibility of ractopamine inclusion in diets of finishing gilts. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of ractopamine at 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of diets for gilts slaughtered with 110 kg, on feed cost, gross and net incomes, considering or not the carcass rewarding. A total of 468 gilts were used and fed for 28 days. There was an increase in feed cost and linear decrease in net income without carcass rewarding with raising level of additive. For net income with carcass rewarding, there was a linear effect with higher income for the level of 15 mg/kg. Considering the carcass classification, the inclusion of ractopamine at the level of 15 mg/kg promotes higher income.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for male and female ... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for male and female meat quails raised in an equatorial region on performance and carcass traits. A total of 1,500 sexed quails (Coturnix coturnix) was distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 2 sexes (male and female) and 3 lighting programs (natural, intermittent, and continuous) with 5 replicates of 50 birds. The lighting programs were applied in the period from 7 to 49 d of age, being natural (12 h and 30 min of natural light and 11 h and 30 min of dark), intermittent (12 h and 30 min of natural light and 5 h and 30 min of artificial light, alternating lighting periods with one h and 06 min and periods of darkness with one h and 12 min), and continuous (23 h of natural + artificial light and one h of dark). Regardless of lighting program, female quails were heavier than males, and birds subjected to natural light weighed less than those exposed to continuous and intermittent lighting programs. Quails exposed to intermittent and continuous light presented higher weight gain and feed intake, and worse feed conversion ratio compared to birds under a natural light regimen. It is concluded that in an equatorial region, it is possible to use a lighting program with only natural light for raising male and female meat quails from 7 to 49 d of age.
Efeito da adição de probiótico em dietas de leitões desmamados sobre as características do sistem... more Efeito da adição de probiótico em dietas de leitões desmamados sobre as características do sistema digestório e de desempenho 1
South African Journal of Animal Science, Jun 25, 2019
Organic acids have stood out as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, especially those ext... more Organic acids have stood out as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, especially those extracted from plants, such as anacardic acid, which is present in cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). This study evaluates the effects of CNSL as a source of anacardic acid in diets of laying hens on performance, egg quality, lipid stability of yolk and microbiological analysis of excreta. A total of 216 commercial Hisex White laying hens were housed in cages and distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six replicates of six birds per treatment. Treatments consisted of a diet without antibiotic growth promoter (AGP); diet with AGP (Halquinol 60% at 0.1 g/kg and Enramycin 8% at 0.1 g/kg); and four diets without AGP and with the inclusion of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg CNSL. No effects of dietary addition of AGP and CNSL were observed in bird performance and external quality of eggs. A quadratic effect was observed for lipid oxidation in egg yolk, the minimum value of which was found at 5.8 g/kg CNSL. There were no significant effects of treatments on total mesophilic, total coliform and thermotolerant coliform counts on excreta. In conclusion, adding up to 10.0 g/kg of CNSL as source of anacardic acid in laying hen diet did not influence performance or egg quality, but the addition from 7.5 g/kg of CNSL upwards reduced lipid oxidation and improved the yolk colour.
We determined the nutritional and energy compositions of sunflower seed cake (SC) and examined th... more We determined the nutritional and energy compositions of sunflower seed cake (SC) and examined the effects of its inclusion in the diet of meat quail. A metabolism trial was performed employing the total excreta collection method, with 144 quails that were assigned to three treatments (control diet and two test diets in which SC replaced 20 and 40% of the control diet) in a completely randomised design (CRD) with six replicates of eight birds. The values determined of dry matter, crude protein and metabolisable energy were 94.72%, 24.29% and 2,629 kcal/kg, respectively. For the performance trial, 432 quails were assigned to six treatments (dietary inclusion of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% SC) in a CRD with six replicates of 12 birds. The metabolic coefficients of dry matter (MCDM) and gross energy (MCGE) of the diet decreased linearly with increasing SC levels. Compared with the control group, SC inclusion at levels greater than 10% resulted in lower MCDM and MCGE values, whereas SC inclusion at 20 and 25% reduced AMEn. Weight gain, feed conversion and economic viability parameters showed a quadratic response, with the best values obtained at the respective SC levels of 15.5, 14.0, and 15.4%. Gizzard weight increased linearly with the inclusion of SC, whereas bone quality was not affected. Sunflower cake can be used up to 25% in diets of meat quails without compromising their performance. However, the best feed conversion and economic viability are obtained with an SC inclusion level of 15%.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, Aug 1, 2010
Carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy swine fed different citrus pulp levels [Carac... more Carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy swine fed different citrus pulp levels [Características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de suínos com elevado peso de abate, alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de polpa cítrica]
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