Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems (ICTIS 2017) - Volume 2
The journey of Cellular Mobile Network could be considered from rags to riches. The base-band of ... more The journey of Cellular Mobile Network could be considered from rags to riches. The base-band of Cellular network and its working lies in its proper planning, dimensioning and deployment. Some of the dimensioning techniques for the next generation mobile wireless network have been discussed in this paper. The research has been focused for (Next Generation) LTE-A (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) Network Planning, and dimensioning of the Heterogeneous Network. It is divided into three categories. Firstly, planning based on various radio network parameters (like Quality of Service, Cost, power and path-loss) under consideration. Second part comprises of network planning based on various issues and corresponding solution. Various Deployment strategies using Voronoi Tessellation, AHC (Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering) and Traditional K-means Deployment (TKD) methods have been discussed. Third part shows the importance of planning for deployment of the network with demography. Macro network, urban scenario with moderate density has been considered for dimensioning.
2020 IEEE 17th India Council International Conference (INDICON)
The outbreak of COVID-19 received substantial international attention due to its life-threatening... more The outbreak of COVID-19 received substantial international attention due to its life-threatening repercussions. Automatic and non-invasive mass screening is pivotal to ensure that the suspected cases can be quarantined, and the spread of the disease can be controlled during the incubation period of the coronavirus. Currently, thermal screening is the only non-invasive mass-screening technique being used. However, with the consumption of paracetamol, the symptoms of fever can be suppressed. Throat inflammation is one of the perceivable symptoms of COVID-19. This paper proposes a novel approach of analyzing the throat images using a Siamese Network based One-Shot learning framework for the identification of Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis for the automatic mass-screening and early-detection of COVID-19 that can be administered without direct contact with the infectious patients, thereby reducing the burden on the medical and paramedical fraternity. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation exhibit promising results and indicate the reliability of the proposed method.
Divided into four parts, the book provides exhaustive coverage, from fundamental concepts of wire... more Divided into four parts, the book provides exhaustive coverage, from fundamental concepts of wireless communication to the latest developments in the field. Beginning with an overview of basic terminologies and principles of wireless communication, Part I discusses cellular theory which forms the basis for wireless systems. Part II describes the basic characteristics of wireless channel, impairments and mitigation techniques, and channel modelling. Part III discusses source coding techniques, channel coding techniques, single and multi-carrier digital modulation schemes, diversity techniques, equalization methods, and multiple access techniques. Finally, the last part of the book discusses networking fundamentals, cellular networks, and ad-hoc wireless networks. Owing to its comprehensive coverage of all the relevant topics, including the upcoming areas of wireless communication, the book will also be useful for postgraduate students and practising engineers in the field.
Motion estimation is a very important but computationally complex task in video coding. Process o... more Motion estimation is a very important but computationally complex task in video coding. Process of determining motion vectors based on the temporal correlation of consecutive frame is used for video compression. In order to reduce the computational complexity of motion estimation and maintain the quality of encoding during motion compensation, different fast search techniques are available. These block based motion estimation algorithms use the sum of absolute difference (SAD) between corresponding macroblock in current frame and all the candidate macroblocks in the reference frame to identify best match. Existing implementations can perform SAD between two blocks using sequential or pipeline approach but performing multi operand SAD in single clock cycle with optimized recourses is state of art. In this paper various parallel architectures for computation of the fixed block size SAD is evaluated and fast parallel SAD architecture is proposed with optimized resources. Further SAD pr...
IEEE 802.16m amends the IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN-OFDMA specification to provide an advanced air i... more IEEE 802.16m amends the IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN-OFDMA specification to provide an advanced air interface for operation in licenced bands. It will meet the cellular layer requirements of IMT-Advanced next generation mobile networks. It will be designed to provide significantly improved performance compared to other high rate broadband cellular network systems. For the next generation mobile networks, it is important to consider increasing peak, sustained data reates, corresponding spectral efficiencies, system capacity and cell coverage as well as decreasing latency and providing QoS while carefully considering overall system complexity. In this paper we provide an overview of the state- of-the-art mobile WiMAX technology and its development. We focus our discussion on Physical Layer, MAC Layer, Schedular,QoS provisioning and mobile WiMAX specification.
Novel bidirectional architecture on two optical OFDM SSB modulation techniques to mitigate Raylei... more Novel bidirectional architecture on two optical OFDM SSB modulation techniques to mitigate Rayleigh backscattered and reflections interferences in RoF transmission is proposed. The interference effect is analyzed with mathematical model comparing conventional SSB and the modified SSB based on elimination of higher order RB-RE harmonics.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the techniques for high speed data ra... more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the techniques for high speed data rate communication with main consideration for 4G and 5G systems. In OFDM, there are several mapping schemes which provide a way of parallel transmission. In this paper, comparisons of mapping schemes used by some standards have been made and also has been discussed about the performance of the non-conventional modulation technique. The Comparisons of Bit Error Rate (BER) performances for conventional and non-conventional modulation schemes have been done using MATLAB software. Mentioned schemes used in OFDM system can be selected on the basis of the requirement of power or spectrum efficiency and BER analysis.
In this paper, the Bit Error Rate (BER), performance of conventional Discrete Fourier Transform (... more In this paper, the Bit Error Rate (BER), performance of conventional Discrete Fourier Transform (FFT) - OFDM system is compared with Non- conventional Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)- OFDM system in AWGN and Rayleigh fading environment. Performance has been given with conventional mapping schemes like BPSK, QPSK and non- conventional mapping schemes like DQPSK and π/4 DQPSK. Simulation results show that DCT based schemes gives better error performance in comparison of FFT based schemes. Further DCT based technique using non- conventional mapping schemes outperforms the conventional mapping schemes for the same DCT based technique.
Blind image motion deblurring (BID) is in great demand to recover the original image from its deg... more Blind image motion deblurring (BID) is in great demand to recover the original image from its degraded observation. Motion blur is the effect of relative movement between camera and object during shutter opening. Restoring the information requires estimation of Point spread function (PSF) and use this PSF for deblurring task. PSF estimation plays important role in motion deblurring and mis-specification of kernel can lead to structural distortion in deblurred image. In this paper, we have proposed the comparative analysis of PSF estimation methods in modified cepstrum domain based on Hough transform and Radon transform. Experimentation is done on standard image and estimated parameters are compared for motion blur of different length and degrees. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of simulation study on Matlab for standard image.
Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 3... more Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395 007, India and M.P.S.T.M.E., Narsee Mongee Institute of Management Studies University, Mumbai 400 056, India Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395 007, India Department of Applied Physics, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395 007, India
2017 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT)
Chromatic dispersion in single mode fibers (SMF) and Inter-Modal Delay Dispersion (IMDD) in multi... more Chromatic dispersion in single mode fibers (SMF) and Inter-Modal Delay Dispersion (IMDD) in multimode fibers (MMF) severely limits the transmission link distance. With data rates approaching 10Gb/s, the transmission distance of MMF is limited up to few meters. In this paper, we simulate a simple and cost effective Passive Optical Network (PON) by combining SMF-MMF Radio over Fiber (RoF) link using central launching technique at 1550nm. The system targets the transmission of 2 & 5Gb/s Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with 4/16/64 QAM modulation formats over already installed MMF. The optical up-conversion of millimeter wave is performed by Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZM) using different modulation schemes. The performance limitation imposed by chromatic and intermodal dispersion due to coupling of SMF-MMF (over 20kms and upto 1km respectively) is analysed by varying the modulation formats of QAM-OFDM along with different MZM upconversion techniques.
2017 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT)
In this paper, we present theoretical and simulative studies on optical double sideband (ODSB) an... more In this paper, we present theoretical and simulative studies on optical double sideband (ODSB) and optical single sideband (OSSB) Radio over Fiber (RoF) system. The simulations were carried out using Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZM) by varying its chirp and Extinction Ratio (ER) over different fiber link. In RoF systems, with the increase in RF frequency, the chromatic dispersion becomes severe thus reducing the transmission distance over fiber link. In this paper, we show that the effect of chromatic dispersion can be reduced and transmission distance can be increased by employing an MZM with negative chirp. Further, we analyze that the system using OSSB is more immune to dispersion effects as compared to ODSB systems. In addition, we show that the received RF power variations become negligible and second order harmonics reduces with the signal transmitted over RoF system using MZM with negative chirp for different ER.
2017 Fourteenth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN)
One of the primary aims of Optimization is to hunt the best entity from the available set of choi... more One of the primary aims of Optimization is to hunt the best entity from the available set of choice without explicitly assessing them. A new design, efficient outcome and cost effective solution is the outcome of optimization. Radio network planning is the basic seed required for configuring the base station parameters to attain the desired Quality of Service. The tuning of the radio network parameters like power control parameter, radius, tilt, azimuth orientation, cost etc. is a composite task, as majority of parameters are interdependent on each other. Optimization of these radio network parameters is the solution for the effective deployment of the network. Conventional optimizing algorithms like non-linear programming, Steepest Ascent, Golden Search, Newton Raphson, Quadratic programming etc are local search techniques which may stuck at local optimum. These techniques do not work for multi-modal functions and leads to degraded outcome if input parameters are misconfigured. To overcome this condition, modern optimization techniques like Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, Simulated Annealing and Taguchi's Method of Optimization have been discussed in this paper. These meta-heuristic search techniques have been compared based on the exploration of search space, performance characteristics and computational intricacy. It is shown that Taguchi's method of Optimization has a comparable performance in terms of less iterations and control outcome.
Ionospheric scintillation effects on satellite signals is one of the major source of errors which... more Ionospheric scintillation effects on satellite signals is one of the major source of errors which has to be determined. Severe ionospheric scintillation causes amplitude scintillations, phase scintillations, drop in carrier to noise power ratio that may results into loss of lock of the global positioning system (GPS) receiver with a particular satellite and may interrupt various navigational and positioning services. The present study comprises of measurement of ionospheric irregularities and their effect on new Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). IRNSS is India's Navigation system similar to GPS which will provide various navigational and positioning services in Indian region. One of the IRNSS receiver is given by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Ahmedabad, India to Department of Electronics Engineering, SVNIT, Surat which is located at low latitude region of India at Latitude 21° 9' 50.19 N, and longitude 72° 47' 1.15 E. Measurement of various Ionospheric scintillation parameters like Total electron content (TEC), vertical total electron content (VTEC), carrier to noise power ratio (C/N), elevation angle of various IRNSS satellites from IRNSS 1A to 1D is presented here. TEC Variations and detection of ionospheric scintillation instances are carried out by using Wavelet based and empirical mode decomposition analysis of captured data on 23 rd September 2015 which is September Equinox period. Empirical mode decomposition decomposes signal into intrinsic mode functions (IMF) for detecting ionospheric irregularities instances using TEC data for various events like earthquake, solar storms, solar eclipse, magnetic storms, plasma bubbles etc.
High efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the newest video codec to increases the coding efficiency ... more High efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the newest video codec to increases the coding efficiency of its ancestor H.264/Advance Video Coding at the cost of highly increased computational complexity. In this paper, a novel method using Dual tree Complex Wavelet Transform is proposed to reduce the computational time consumption in HEVC Encoding. DTCWT provides better directional selectivity. By using DTCWT, total intra prediction modes are reduced from 35 modes to 7 modes including DC and Planer mode. The encoding process in HEVC system is performed using clustered entropy computing, which distinguishes the video information has useful outliers. The pixel variations under varying frames are clustered based on the interestingness and the outliers are removed using an advanced entropy principle called as holoentropy. Compared to the current state of the art algorithms, the experimental results show that this scheme is computationally simple and achieves superior reconstructed video quality at less computational complexity.
International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications
A heterogeneous network (HetNet) is a complex network made of variable cellular dimensions with d... more A heterogeneous network (HetNet) is a complex network made of variable cellular dimensions with different network topology. An erratic network design is valueless, unproductive and expensive. Research paper describes coordination of multipoint transmission, in which a collection of transmitting Base Stations (BS) dynamically harmonises their transmission among themselves, enhancing the coverage to the edge users. The proposed cellular planning strategy uses variable radii cells forming a cluster in a given region to be dimensioned. For a given cluster, minimum distance (dmin) between two cells has been calculated and using proposed (1/3 dmin) dimensioning technique, the coverage radius of cells in a cluster is made, forming a HetNet. By optimising the network; coverage, cost and energy requirements could be minimised and optimisation of network performance parameters like transmission power, tilt and azimuth angle of antenna with the radius of cell provides cost-efficient deployment of a network. The research paper proposes the mathematical dimensioning model for the design of a HetNet as well as its performance parameters using Taguchi's method – a soft computing approach. The proposed approach has been compared with the conventional constant radius approach for dimensioning a network. The total power required to transmit has been drastically reduced by 22.7% as compared to constant radius cellular planning strategy. In addition, throughput of the proposed method was found to be 41.5% higher than the constant radius approach.
HEVC, the successor of popular H.264 video compression standard targets the new era of ultra high... more HEVC, the successor of popular H.264 video compression standard targets the new era of ultra high-resolution videos with higher frame rates. Lossless coding mode of high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) relies on efficient intra prediction methods for achieving higher compression. In this paper, we propose a method called selective based intra prediction (SBIP) which is a combination of Block based intra prediction (BP) and Boundary region based SAP (BRSAP) for surveillance videos. First, we calculate the threshold complexity for the block and based on the condition the CU early termination is done. Then, we calculate a prediction for each block by using the BP and BRSAP method separately. After calculating both the prediction based on some condition the final prediction of the block is performed which selects the best prediction for each pixel to reduce the residual energy thereby increasing the coding efficiency. At last, the transform, quantization, and entropy coding are performed to compress the input video signal. The experimental results are conducted for surveillance videos test sequences for 30 frames from each test sequence. The results are evaluated based on encoding time and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR).
Cellular planning also called radio network planning is a crucial stage for the deployment of a w... more Cellular planning also called radio network planning is a crucial stage for the deployment of a wireless network. The enormous increase in data traffic requires augmentation of coverage, capacity, throughput, quality of service and optimized cost of the network. The main goal of cellular planning is to enhance the spectral efficiency and hence the throughput of a network. A novel CoMP algorithm has been discussed with two-tier heterogeneous network. Number of clusters has been obtained using V-R (variance ratio) Criterion. The centroid of a cluster obtained using K-means algorithm provides the deployment of BS position. Application of CoMP in this network using DPS approach with sleep mode of power saving, provides higher energy efficiency, SINR and throughput as compared to nominal CoMP. CoMP basically describes a scheme in which a group of base stations (BS) dynamically co-ordinate and co-operate among themselves to convert interference into a beneficial signal. Network planning using stochastic method and Voronoi Tessellation with two-tier network has been applied to a dense region of Surat city in Gujarat state of India. The results show clear improvement in signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) by 25% and energy efficiency of the network by 28% using the proposed CoMP transmission.
Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems (ICTIS 2017) - Volume 2
The journey of Cellular Mobile Network could be considered from rags to riches. The base-band of ... more The journey of Cellular Mobile Network could be considered from rags to riches. The base-band of Cellular network and its working lies in its proper planning, dimensioning and deployment. Some of the dimensioning techniques for the next generation mobile wireless network have been discussed in this paper. The research has been focused for (Next Generation) LTE-A (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) Network Planning, and dimensioning of the Heterogeneous Network. It is divided into three categories. Firstly, planning based on various radio network parameters (like Quality of Service, Cost, power and path-loss) under consideration. Second part comprises of network planning based on various issues and corresponding solution. Various Deployment strategies using Voronoi Tessellation, AHC (Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering) and Traditional K-means Deployment (TKD) methods have been discussed. Third part shows the importance of planning for deployment of the network with demography. Macro network, urban scenario with moderate density has been considered for dimensioning.
2020 IEEE 17th India Council International Conference (INDICON)
The outbreak of COVID-19 received substantial international attention due to its life-threatening... more The outbreak of COVID-19 received substantial international attention due to its life-threatening repercussions. Automatic and non-invasive mass screening is pivotal to ensure that the suspected cases can be quarantined, and the spread of the disease can be controlled during the incubation period of the coronavirus. Currently, thermal screening is the only non-invasive mass-screening technique being used. However, with the consumption of paracetamol, the symptoms of fever can be suppressed. Throat inflammation is one of the perceivable symptoms of COVID-19. This paper proposes a novel approach of analyzing the throat images using a Siamese Network based One-Shot learning framework for the identification of Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis for the automatic mass-screening and early-detection of COVID-19 that can be administered without direct contact with the infectious patients, thereby reducing the burden on the medical and paramedical fraternity. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation exhibit promising results and indicate the reliability of the proposed method.
Divided into four parts, the book provides exhaustive coverage, from fundamental concepts of wire... more Divided into four parts, the book provides exhaustive coverage, from fundamental concepts of wireless communication to the latest developments in the field. Beginning with an overview of basic terminologies and principles of wireless communication, Part I discusses cellular theory which forms the basis for wireless systems. Part II describes the basic characteristics of wireless channel, impairments and mitigation techniques, and channel modelling. Part III discusses source coding techniques, channel coding techniques, single and multi-carrier digital modulation schemes, diversity techniques, equalization methods, and multiple access techniques. Finally, the last part of the book discusses networking fundamentals, cellular networks, and ad-hoc wireless networks. Owing to its comprehensive coverage of all the relevant topics, including the upcoming areas of wireless communication, the book will also be useful for postgraduate students and practising engineers in the field.
Motion estimation is a very important but computationally complex task in video coding. Process o... more Motion estimation is a very important but computationally complex task in video coding. Process of determining motion vectors based on the temporal correlation of consecutive frame is used for video compression. In order to reduce the computational complexity of motion estimation and maintain the quality of encoding during motion compensation, different fast search techniques are available. These block based motion estimation algorithms use the sum of absolute difference (SAD) between corresponding macroblock in current frame and all the candidate macroblocks in the reference frame to identify best match. Existing implementations can perform SAD between two blocks using sequential or pipeline approach but performing multi operand SAD in single clock cycle with optimized recourses is state of art. In this paper various parallel architectures for computation of the fixed block size SAD is evaluated and fast parallel SAD architecture is proposed with optimized resources. Further SAD pr...
IEEE 802.16m amends the IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN-OFDMA specification to provide an advanced air i... more IEEE 802.16m amends the IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN-OFDMA specification to provide an advanced air interface for operation in licenced bands. It will meet the cellular layer requirements of IMT-Advanced next generation mobile networks. It will be designed to provide significantly improved performance compared to other high rate broadband cellular network systems. For the next generation mobile networks, it is important to consider increasing peak, sustained data reates, corresponding spectral efficiencies, system capacity and cell coverage as well as decreasing latency and providing QoS while carefully considering overall system complexity. In this paper we provide an overview of the state- of-the-art mobile WiMAX technology and its development. We focus our discussion on Physical Layer, MAC Layer, Schedular,QoS provisioning and mobile WiMAX specification.
Novel bidirectional architecture on two optical OFDM SSB modulation techniques to mitigate Raylei... more Novel bidirectional architecture on two optical OFDM SSB modulation techniques to mitigate Rayleigh backscattered and reflections interferences in RoF transmission is proposed. The interference effect is analyzed with mathematical model comparing conventional SSB and the modified SSB based on elimination of higher order RB-RE harmonics.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the techniques for high speed data ra... more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the techniques for high speed data rate communication with main consideration for 4G and 5G systems. In OFDM, there are several mapping schemes which provide a way of parallel transmission. In this paper, comparisons of mapping schemes used by some standards have been made and also has been discussed about the performance of the non-conventional modulation technique. The Comparisons of Bit Error Rate (BER) performances for conventional and non-conventional modulation schemes have been done using MATLAB software. Mentioned schemes used in OFDM system can be selected on the basis of the requirement of power or spectrum efficiency and BER analysis.
In this paper, the Bit Error Rate (BER), performance of conventional Discrete Fourier Transform (... more In this paper, the Bit Error Rate (BER), performance of conventional Discrete Fourier Transform (FFT) - OFDM system is compared with Non- conventional Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)- OFDM system in AWGN and Rayleigh fading environment. Performance has been given with conventional mapping schemes like BPSK, QPSK and non- conventional mapping schemes like DQPSK and π/4 DQPSK. Simulation results show that DCT based schemes gives better error performance in comparison of FFT based schemes. Further DCT based technique using non- conventional mapping schemes outperforms the conventional mapping schemes for the same DCT based technique.
Blind image motion deblurring (BID) is in great demand to recover the original image from its deg... more Blind image motion deblurring (BID) is in great demand to recover the original image from its degraded observation. Motion blur is the effect of relative movement between camera and object during shutter opening. Restoring the information requires estimation of Point spread function (PSF) and use this PSF for deblurring task. PSF estimation plays important role in motion deblurring and mis-specification of kernel can lead to structural distortion in deblurred image. In this paper, we have proposed the comparative analysis of PSF estimation methods in modified cepstrum domain based on Hough transform and Radon transform. Experimentation is done on standard image and estimated parameters are compared for motion blur of different length and degrees. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of simulation study on Matlab for standard image.
Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 3... more Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395 007, India and M.P.S.T.M.E., Narsee Mongee Institute of Management Studies University, Mumbai 400 056, India Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395 007, India Department of Applied Physics, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395 007, India
2017 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT)
Chromatic dispersion in single mode fibers (SMF) and Inter-Modal Delay Dispersion (IMDD) in multi... more Chromatic dispersion in single mode fibers (SMF) and Inter-Modal Delay Dispersion (IMDD) in multimode fibers (MMF) severely limits the transmission link distance. With data rates approaching 10Gb/s, the transmission distance of MMF is limited up to few meters. In this paper, we simulate a simple and cost effective Passive Optical Network (PON) by combining SMF-MMF Radio over Fiber (RoF) link using central launching technique at 1550nm. The system targets the transmission of 2 & 5Gb/s Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with 4/16/64 QAM modulation formats over already installed MMF. The optical up-conversion of millimeter wave is performed by Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZM) using different modulation schemes. The performance limitation imposed by chromatic and intermodal dispersion due to coupling of SMF-MMF (over 20kms and upto 1km respectively) is analysed by varying the modulation formats of QAM-OFDM along with different MZM upconversion techniques.
2017 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT)
In this paper, we present theoretical and simulative studies on optical double sideband (ODSB) an... more In this paper, we present theoretical and simulative studies on optical double sideband (ODSB) and optical single sideband (OSSB) Radio over Fiber (RoF) system. The simulations were carried out using Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZM) by varying its chirp and Extinction Ratio (ER) over different fiber link. In RoF systems, with the increase in RF frequency, the chromatic dispersion becomes severe thus reducing the transmission distance over fiber link. In this paper, we show that the effect of chromatic dispersion can be reduced and transmission distance can be increased by employing an MZM with negative chirp. Further, we analyze that the system using OSSB is more immune to dispersion effects as compared to ODSB systems. In addition, we show that the received RF power variations become negligible and second order harmonics reduces with the signal transmitted over RoF system using MZM with negative chirp for different ER.
2017 Fourteenth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN)
One of the primary aims of Optimization is to hunt the best entity from the available set of choi... more One of the primary aims of Optimization is to hunt the best entity from the available set of choice without explicitly assessing them. A new design, efficient outcome and cost effective solution is the outcome of optimization. Radio network planning is the basic seed required for configuring the base station parameters to attain the desired Quality of Service. The tuning of the radio network parameters like power control parameter, radius, tilt, azimuth orientation, cost etc. is a composite task, as majority of parameters are interdependent on each other. Optimization of these radio network parameters is the solution for the effective deployment of the network. Conventional optimizing algorithms like non-linear programming, Steepest Ascent, Golden Search, Newton Raphson, Quadratic programming etc are local search techniques which may stuck at local optimum. These techniques do not work for multi-modal functions and leads to degraded outcome if input parameters are misconfigured. To overcome this condition, modern optimization techniques like Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, Simulated Annealing and Taguchi's Method of Optimization have been discussed in this paper. These meta-heuristic search techniques have been compared based on the exploration of search space, performance characteristics and computational intricacy. It is shown that Taguchi's method of Optimization has a comparable performance in terms of less iterations and control outcome.
Ionospheric scintillation effects on satellite signals is one of the major source of errors which... more Ionospheric scintillation effects on satellite signals is one of the major source of errors which has to be determined. Severe ionospheric scintillation causes amplitude scintillations, phase scintillations, drop in carrier to noise power ratio that may results into loss of lock of the global positioning system (GPS) receiver with a particular satellite and may interrupt various navigational and positioning services. The present study comprises of measurement of ionospheric irregularities and their effect on new Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). IRNSS is India's Navigation system similar to GPS which will provide various navigational and positioning services in Indian region. One of the IRNSS receiver is given by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Ahmedabad, India to Department of Electronics Engineering, SVNIT, Surat which is located at low latitude region of India at Latitude 21° 9' 50.19 N, and longitude 72° 47' 1.15 E. Measurement of various Ionospheric scintillation parameters like Total electron content (TEC), vertical total electron content (VTEC), carrier to noise power ratio (C/N), elevation angle of various IRNSS satellites from IRNSS 1A to 1D is presented here. TEC Variations and detection of ionospheric scintillation instances are carried out by using Wavelet based and empirical mode decomposition analysis of captured data on 23 rd September 2015 which is September Equinox period. Empirical mode decomposition decomposes signal into intrinsic mode functions (IMF) for detecting ionospheric irregularities instances using TEC data for various events like earthquake, solar storms, solar eclipse, magnetic storms, plasma bubbles etc.
High efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the newest video codec to increases the coding efficiency ... more High efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the newest video codec to increases the coding efficiency of its ancestor H.264/Advance Video Coding at the cost of highly increased computational complexity. In this paper, a novel method using Dual tree Complex Wavelet Transform is proposed to reduce the computational time consumption in HEVC Encoding. DTCWT provides better directional selectivity. By using DTCWT, total intra prediction modes are reduced from 35 modes to 7 modes including DC and Planer mode. The encoding process in HEVC system is performed using clustered entropy computing, which distinguishes the video information has useful outliers. The pixel variations under varying frames are clustered based on the interestingness and the outliers are removed using an advanced entropy principle called as holoentropy. Compared to the current state of the art algorithms, the experimental results show that this scheme is computationally simple and achieves superior reconstructed video quality at less computational complexity.
International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications
A heterogeneous network (HetNet) is a complex network made of variable cellular dimensions with d... more A heterogeneous network (HetNet) is a complex network made of variable cellular dimensions with different network topology. An erratic network design is valueless, unproductive and expensive. Research paper describes coordination of multipoint transmission, in which a collection of transmitting Base Stations (BS) dynamically harmonises their transmission among themselves, enhancing the coverage to the edge users. The proposed cellular planning strategy uses variable radii cells forming a cluster in a given region to be dimensioned. For a given cluster, minimum distance (dmin) between two cells has been calculated and using proposed (1/3 dmin) dimensioning technique, the coverage radius of cells in a cluster is made, forming a HetNet. By optimising the network; coverage, cost and energy requirements could be minimised and optimisation of network performance parameters like transmission power, tilt and azimuth angle of antenna with the radius of cell provides cost-efficient deployment of a network. The research paper proposes the mathematical dimensioning model for the design of a HetNet as well as its performance parameters using Taguchi's method – a soft computing approach. The proposed approach has been compared with the conventional constant radius approach for dimensioning a network. The total power required to transmit has been drastically reduced by 22.7% as compared to constant radius cellular planning strategy. In addition, throughput of the proposed method was found to be 41.5% higher than the constant radius approach.
HEVC, the successor of popular H.264 video compression standard targets the new era of ultra high... more HEVC, the successor of popular H.264 video compression standard targets the new era of ultra high-resolution videos with higher frame rates. Lossless coding mode of high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) relies on efficient intra prediction methods for achieving higher compression. In this paper, we propose a method called selective based intra prediction (SBIP) which is a combination of Block based intra prediction (BP) and Boundary region based SAP (BRSAP) for surveillance videos. First, we calculate the threshold complexity for the block and based on the condition the CU early termination is done. Then, we calculate a prediction for each block by using the BP and BRSAP method separately. After calculating both the prediction based on some condition the final prediction of the block is performed which selects the best prediction for each pixel to reduce the residual energy thereby increasing the coding efficiency. At last, the transform, quantization, and entropy coding are performed to compress the input video signal. The experimental results are conducted for surveillance videos test sequences for 30 frames from each test sequence. The results are evaluated based on encoding time and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR).
Cellular planning also called radio network planning is a crucial stage for the deployment of a w... more Cellular planning also called radio network planning is a crucial stage for the deployment of a wireless network. The enormous increase in data traffic requires augmentation of coverage, capacity, throughput, quality of service and optimized cost of the network. The main goal of cellular planning is to enhance the spectral efficiency and hence the throughput of a network. A novel CoMP algorithm has been discussed with two-tier heterogeneous network. Number of clusters has been obtained using V-R (variance ratio) Criterion. The centroid of a cluster obtained using K-means algorithm provides the deployment of BS position. Application of CoMP in this network using DPS approach with sleep mode of power saving, provides higher energy efficiency, SINR and throughput as compared to nominal CoMP. CoMP basically describes a scheme in which a group of base stations (BS) dynamically co-ordinate and co-operate among themselves to convert interference into a beneficial signal. Network planning using stochastic method and Voronoi Tessellation with two-tier network has been applied to a dense region of Surat city in Gujarat state of India. The results show clear improvement in signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) by 25% and energy efficiency of the network by 28% using the proposed CoMP transmission.
Uploads
Papers by Upena Dalal