In this research, a new potentiometric enzymatic membrane biosensor for the detection of organoph... more In this research, a new potentiometric enzymatic membrane biosensor for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was constructed. The basic element of this biosensor was a pH electrode modified with an immobilized acetylcholinesterase layer formed by entrapment with methylcellulose, N,N-dimethylformamide, and bovine serum albumin. The response characteristics of the biosensor were measured and discussed. It was shown that there is a good linear relationship between the inhibition rate and the negative logarithm of OPs concentration in the range from 10-7 to 10-5 mol/L, with the detection limits of 10-7 mol/L for the five pesticides. Moreover, the biosensor could resist the disturbances of below 10-6 mol/L of Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ , and below 10-5 mol/L of Cd 2+. In addition, the measurement results obtained by the biosensor method were in good agreement with those obtained by the gas chromatography method. This method was successfully applied to detect OPs that remained in the potted lettuce.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019
Plants are the planet’s source of oxygen and the sink that removes carbon dioxide produced by bur... more Plants are the planet’s source of oxygen and the sink that removes carbon dioxide produced by burning, respiration and decay of organisms. The studies performed in small chambers indicated that plants also reduce volatile organic compounds (VOC’s). All these phenomena result in a fact that potted plants have a potential to improve IAQ and to some extent to support ventilation. Trends to “go green” increase the growing interest in the introduction of a large number of plants to offices. One should remember that work in modern offices is often associated with a high level of stress. Ornamental plants give highly significant reductions in negative mood states – reductions in anger, anxiety, depression, confusion, fatigue and stress. Leaves provide also additional sound attenuation and cooling effect due to evaporation. The paper summarises the R&D project devoted to the development of the efficient, safe and competitive systems of biofiltration based on the properties of potted plants....
The aim of presented research is to develop a simple and quick method of spectrophotometric detec... more The aim of presented research is to develop a simple and quick method of spectrophotometric detection for the determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride in blood and plasma. Anthracycline antibiotics are among the most effective antineoplastic agents. However, despite their high efficacy in the treatment of various types of cancer, their administration is limited primarily because they exhibit myocardial toxicity. This may be a limiting factor in the dosage of medications; nevertheless, drugs exhibiting this mechanism of action constitute a very important group of chemotherapeutics. One of the more widely studied antibiotics from the anthracycline group is doxorubicin. It exhibits the highest antineoplastic activity from among a number of derivative compounds. Because of the adverse effects of doxorubicin, especially cardiotoxicity, it is important to maintain control of its concentration in body fluids. The method in the study consists of extraction doxorubicin from the plasma or b...
Recently growing importance of control of indoor ai . The requirements for such detectors are ver... more Recently growing importance of control of indoor ai . The requirements for such detectors are very high: a sensitivity of seve ral t ns of ppb; the detection of a large number of substances or to indicate the tot al amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), work in high humidity ranges. A very good solution for the determination of the V OCs is to use IMS (Ion Mobility Spectrometers) or DMS (ang. Differential M obility Spectrometry) technology, which has a relatively low price while meeting the above requirements. The most important difference between classical spe ctrometer IMS and the DMS is the electric field. For the IMS it is a cons tant magnetic field of low intensity – around several hundred volts per cm, me anwhile for the DMS it is at least several kilovolts per cm and is a field with a relatively high frequency from 1 up to several MHz. PROBLEMY EKSPLOATACJI – MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS 2-2016 174 Another area in which the detection of VOC is becom ing increasingly important,...
A detector for identifying potential bacterial hazards in the air was designed and created in the... more A detector for identifying potential bacterial hazards in the air was designed and created in the Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry in the framework of the project FLORABO. The presence of fungi and bacteria in the air can affect the health of people in a given room. The need to control the amount of microorganisms, both in terms of quantity and quality, applies to both hospitals and offices. The device is based on the fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of the sample and then these results were compared to the resulting spectrogram database, which includes the standard curves obtained in the laboratory for selected bacteria. The measurements provide information about the presence, the type, and the approximate concentration of bacteria in the sample. The spectra were collected at different excitation wavelengths, and the waveforms are specific for each of the strains. It also takes under analysis the signal intensities of the different spectra (not only shape a maximum ...
Benzene, toluene, and xylene, called BTX compounds, are broadly distributed in the environment. T... more Benzene, toluene, and xylene, called BTX compounds, are broadly distributed in the environment. They frequently co-occur in air, water and soil because of common emission sources. However, these compounds differ considerably in terms of impact, in particular on human health. Due to this fact, measurement techniques are needed, which allow for identification of individual BTX compounds in the environment. The aim of the work was to show that differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS) is capable of recognizing benzene, toluene or xylene in filtered air containing various amount of water vapor. For this purpose, the compounds recognition was represented as the classification problem. The discriminative power of DMS spectra, obtained for negative and positive ions, were explored as the basis for classification. We demonstrated that benzene, toluene, or xylene may be recognized with 100% success rate, in filtered air with varying humidity (from 0 to 77% RH). The best results, achieved with a relatively simple k-nearest neighbor classifier, were based on DMS spectrum for negative ions, recorded in full range of separation and compensation voltages. We believe, that the demonstration of a successful coupling of DMS and classification technique will contribute to further development of this analytical technique as well as its application in the environmental assessment.
Different environmental conditions in which, equipment based on differential ion mobility spectro... more Different environmental conditions in which, equipment based on differential ion mobility spectrometry must operate, forced designers and engineers to analyze the impact of, among other things, external factors on their performance and efficiency. These devices, thanks to the DMS technology, can identify and characterize the ions contained in the gaseous state. However, many areas of this technique remain undiscovered, which should be examined in more detail. One such aspect is the influence of the temperature of gaseous medium, containing tested analyte. The research presented in this article shows why temperature is an important factor on the distribution of generated peaks. The results are shown for different spectra generated carrier gas temperatures (50˚C-80˚C) in which ions were toxic warfare agents. Based on those graphs, it can be stated that increase of the temperature allows for better separation of the peaks from the background. Because of the similar ion mobility of the analyte and background ions for high and low electric field, DMS device can send false alarms, due to the poor interpretations of passing a signal to them. So to be able to accurately assess the level of risk due to the presence of substances BST in air, the test medium was added to isobutanol and isopropanol additives. They help better analyze and separate measured ions.
The design and characterization of polymer-based self-standing flexible strain sensors are presen... more The design and characterization of polymer-based self-standing flexible strain sensors are presented in this work. Properties as lightness and flexibility make them suitable for the measurement of strain in applications related with wearable electronics such as robotics or rehabilitation devices. Several sensors have been fabricated to analyze the influence of size and electrical conductivity on their behavior. Elongation and applied charge were precisely controlled in order to measure different parameters as electrical resistance, gauge factor (GF), hysteresis, and repeatability. The results clearly show the influence of size and electrical conductivity on the gauge factor, but it is also important to point out the necessity of controlling the hysteresis and repeatability of the response for precision-demanding applications.
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a technique used for the detection of chemical warfare agents ... more Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a technique used for the detection of chemical warfare agents (CWA), drugs, toxic industrial compounds (TIC), and explosives, when rapid detection should be performed (from a few to several seconds) for trace amounts of these substances. An important development of IMS technology is differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS). DMS is also known as Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS). Detection possibilities of apparatus using the DMS method are based on the occurrence of the different mobilities of ions (K) in the alternating electric field. This dependence is characterized by the alpha function (α).This presentation shows methods and examples of the identification of chosen substances. The results for the dependence of coefficient α are specific for different types of substances. This specificity is used to identify vapours and gases.
The use of solar panels in low-power applications is an increasingly developing topic. Various me... more The use of solar panels in low-power applications is an increasingly developing topic. Various methods are currently used to obtain the highest possible solar panel power generation efficiency. The methods of determining the maximum power point (MPP) and its tracking are under constant development, resulting in the creation of new algorithms to accelerate the operational efficiency while maintaining good parameters. Typically, these methods are only used in high-power photovoltaic installations. Due to the problems resulting from the adjustment to MPP working conditions for low-power solar panels used to charge a Li-Ion battery, an attempt was made to check the feasibility of operating control based on a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method and a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm like the one used in high-power solar systems also for low-power systems. The article presents adaptation of PWM and MPPT methods for small chargers, including the stages of modelling a solar cha...
2017 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST), 2017
In the framework of the project SFORA in Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry was creat... more In the framework of the project SFORA in Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry was created a detector for the detection of biological threats. The main achievements of this project are development of a mobile device capable of analyzing the air for the presence of biological contamination and adapt it to work on the unmanned platform. The following presentation will show the results of work on the construction and development of the new type of detector for remote detection of biological hazards. The device is based on the analysis of fluorescence spectra of the sample and then comparing the resulting spectrogram database, which includes the standard curves obtained in the laboratory for selected bacteria. Currently, the device is able to recognize the 7 strains of pathogenic bacteria that can be used as a biological weapon (Bacillus anthracis, Brucella melitensis, Burkholderia mallei, Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium botulinum) and several popular harmless bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, etc., but it is possible to extend the list and adapting it for other purposes, eg. The detection of bacteria in hospitals. Samples can be automatically collected from the air or manually introduced into the device as a solution. The measurements provide information about the presence in the sample of bacteria and their approximate concentration. The detector has been designed for military purposes and that why its present form presents the results in three categories: the threat — the detection of pathogenic bacteria present in the database, a potential threat — if it is detected the bacteria, which the spectrogram is not stored in the database, or no risk — in the absence of signal or obtaining a signal from the harmless bacteria present in a database. Because the device is fully automatic, all spectra obtained during the operation are stored in the internal memory, or transmitted to the operator, which can be subjected to additional analysis. The spectra are collected at the different excitation wavelength, and the waveforms are specific for each of the strains. It also takes under analysis the signal intensities of the different spectra (not only shape a maximum of the peak) so it can be determined the concentration of bacteria in the sample under test. The device was tested in the laboratory in the range of concentration from 102 to 106 CFU/mL. The detector can also distinguish between the vegetative forms of spores of the bacteria. The device has a system of pre-concentration, whose main element is a plate coated with a polymeric matrix that allows the subsequent acquisition of trapped bacteria and additional testing in the lab to verify the results.
The inhibition sensitivity of wild and mutant acetylcholinesterases (AChE) towards selected organ... more The inhibition sensitivity of wild and mutant acetylcholinesterases (AChE) towards selected organophosphorus pesticides has been compared with enzymes immobilized in a photocured layer of polyvinylalcohol polymer (PVA-AWP) on a screen-printed graphite electrode. The investigated pesticides included the widely used malaoxon (MO), chlorfenvinphos (CFV), and chlorpyriphos-oxon (CPO). The last two insecticides are in the EC priority list of toxic compounds to be detected in water. The limits of detection (LOD) obtained with each pesticide tested were in accordance with the European regulation.
Polydimethylsiloxane, polyetheramide and poly(ethylene glycol) were deposited from their solution... more Polydimethylsiloxane, polyetheramide and poly(ethylene glycol) were deposited from their solutions on a polymer film by dip-coating to produce semipermeable membranes used then for pretreatment of mustard gas and soman-contg. wet air before detn. of the warfare agents by diffe-rential ion-mobility spectrometry. The polydimethylsiloxane and polyetheramide-coated membranes (5%) showed the best barrier properties against H2O.
ABSTRACT Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an appropriate technique to detect and identify chemi... more ABSTRACT Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an appropriate technique to detect and identify chemical warfare agents (CWAs), in particular nerve agents. In many cases, the challenge is to correctly distinguish between nerve agents such as sarin, soman, tabun and VX. This paper presents the identification of CWAs by PRS-1W, a detector that uses IMS combined with differential mobility spectrometry (DMS).
A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting ink is presented as a new electroactive mat... more A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting ink is presented as a new electroactive material to be incorporated in acetylcholinesterase-(AChE-) based screen printed biosensors, acting not only as a conducting template but also as an electrochemical mediator for thiocholine oxidation. Two different strategies have been studied for the chemical synthesis of PEDOT: (a) a classical oxidative polymerisation and (b) a more innovative enzymatic polymerisation, giving a water-soluble PEDOT. The use of this water-soluble conducting polymer as mediator in screen-printed biosensors enables its deposition by printing like the rest of the layers. Highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase-(AChE-) based screen-printed biosensors have been constructed using both classical and enzymatic PEDOT, in combination with genetically modified AChE. These electrodes allow the measurement of thiocholine oxidation at potentials of 100 mV versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode through the mediation of PEDOT. I...
In this research, a new potentiometric enzymatic membrane biosensor for the detection of organoph... more In this research, a new potentiometric enzymatic membrane biosensor for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was constructed. The basic element of this biosensor was a pH electrode modified with an immobilized acetylcholinesterase layer formed by entrapment with methylcellulose, N,N-dimethylformamide, and bovine serum albumin. The response characteristics of the biosensor were measured and discussed. It was shown that there is a good linear relationship between the inhibition rate and the negative logarithm of OPs concentration in the range from 10-7 to 10-5 mol/L, with the detection limits of 10-7 mol/L for the five pesticides. Moreover, the biosensor could resist the disturbances of below 10-6 mol/L of Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ , and below 10-5 mol/L of Cd 2+. In addition, the measurement results obtained by the biosensor method were in good agreement with those obtained by the gas chromatography method. This method was successfully applied to detect OPs that remained in the potted lettuce.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019
Plants are the planet’s source of oxygen and the sink that removes carbon dioxide produced by bur... more Plants are the planet’s source of oxygen and the sink that removes carbon dioxide produced by burning, respiration and decay of organisms. The studies performed in small chambers indicated that plants also reduce volatile organic compounds (VOC’s). All these phenomena result in a fact that potted plants have a potential to improve IAQ and to some extent to support ventilation. Trends to “go green” increase the growing interest in the introduction of a large number of plants to offices. One should remember that work in modern offices is often associated with a high level of stress. Ornamental plants give highly significant reductions in negative mood states – reductions in anger, anxiety, depression, confusion, fatigue and stress. Leaves provide also additional sound attenuation and cooling effect due to evaporation. The paper summarises the R&D project devoted to the development of the efficient, safe and competitive systems of biofiltration based on the properties of potted plants....
The aim of presented research is to develop a simple and quick method of spectrophotometric detec... more The aim of presented research is to develop a simple and quick method of spectrophotometric detection for the determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride in blood and plasma. Anthracycline antibiotics are among the most effective antineoplastic agents. However, despite their high efficacy in the treatment of various types of cancer, their administration is limited primarily because they exhibit myocardial toxicity. This may be a limiting factor in the dosage of medications; nevertheless, drugs exhibiting this mechanism of action constitute a very important group of chemotherapeutics. One of the more widely studied antibiotics from the anthracycline group is doxorubicin. It exhibits the highest antineoplastic activity from among a number of derivative compounds. Because of the adverse effects of doxorubicin, especially cardiotoxicity, it is important to maintain control of its concentration in body fluids. The method in the study consists of extraction doxorubicin from the plasma or b...
Recently growing importance of control of indoor ai . The requirements for such detectors are ver... more Recently growing importance of control of indoor ai . The requirements for such detectors are very high: a sensitivity of seve ral t ns of ppb; the detection of a large number of substances or to indicate the tot al amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), work in high humidity ranges. A very good solution for the determination of the V OCs is to use IMS (Ion Mobility Spectrometers) or DMS (ang. Differential M obility Spectrometry) technology, which has a relatively low price while meeting the above requirements. The most important difference between classical spe ctrometer IMS and the DMS is the electric field. For the IMS it is a cons tant magnetic field of low intensity – around several hundred volts per cm, me anwhile for the DMS it is at least several kilovolts per cm and is a field with a relatively high frequency from 1 up to several MHz. PROBLEMY EKSPLOATACJI – MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS 2-2016 174 Another area in which the detection of VOC is becom ing increasingly important,...
A detector for identifying potential bacterial hazards in the air was designed and created in the... more A detector for identifying potential bacterial hazards in the air was designed and created in the Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry in the framework of the project FLORABO. The presence of fungi and bacteria in the air can affect the health of people in a given room. The need to control the amount of microorganisms, both in terms of quantity and quality, applies to both hospitals and offices. The device is based on the fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of the sample and then these results were compared to the resulting spectrogram database, which includes the standard curves obtained in the laboratory for selected bacteria. The measurements provide information about the presence, the type, and the approximate concentration of bacteria in the sample. The spectra were collected at different excitation wavelengths, and the waveforms are specific for each of the strains. It also takes under analysis the signal intensities of the different spectra (not only shape a maximum ...
Benzene, toluene, and xylene, called BTX compounds, are broadly distributed in the environment. T... more Benzene, toluene, and xylene, called BTX compounds, are broadly distributed in the environment. They frequently co-occur in air, water and soil because of common emission sources. However, these compounds differ considerably in terms of impact, in particular on human health. Due to this fact, measurement techniques are needed, which allow for identification of individual BTX compounds in the environment. The aim of the work was to show that differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS) is capable of recognizing benzene, toluene or xylene in filtered air containing various amount of water vapor. For this purpose, the compounds recognition was represented as the classification problem. The discriminative power of DMS spectra, obtained for negative and positive ions, were explored as the basis for classification. We demonstrated that benzene, toluene, or xylene may be recognized with 100% success rate, in filtered air with varying humidity (from 0 to 77% RH). The best results, achieved with a relatively simple k-nearest neighbor classifier, were based on DMS spectrum for negative ions, recorded in full range of separation and compensation voltages. We believe, that the demonstration of a successful coupling of DMS and classification technique will contribute to further development of this analytical technique as well as its application in the environmental assessment.
Different environmental conditions in which, equipment based on differential ion mobility spectro... more Different environmental conditions in which, equipment based on differential ion mobility spectrometry must operate, forced designers and engineers to analyze the impact of, among other things, external factors on their performance and efficiency. These devices, thanks to the DMS technology, can identify and characterize the ions contained in the gaseous state. However, many areas of this technique remain undiscovered, which should be examined in more detail. One such aspect is the influence of the temperature of gaseous medium, containing tested analyte. The research presented in this article shows why temperature is an important factor on the distribution of generated peaks. The results are shown for different spectra generated carrier gas temperatures (50˚C-80˚C) in which ions were toxic warfare agents. Based on those graphs, it can be stated that increase of the temperature allows for better separation of the peaks from the background. Because of the similar ion mobility of the analyte and background ions for high and low electric field, DMS device can send false alarms, due to the poor interpretations of passing a signal to them. So to be able to accurately assess the level of risk due to the presence of substances BST in air, the test medium was added to isobutanol and isopropanol additives. They help better analyze and separate measured ions.
The design and characterization of polymer-based self-standing flexible strain sensors are presen... more The design and characterization of polymer-based self-standing flexible strain sensors are presented in this work. Properties as lightness and flexibility make them suitable for the measurement of strain in applications related with wearable electronics such as robotics or rehabilitation devices. Several sensors have been fabricated to analyze the influence of size and electrical conductivity on their behavior. Elongation and applied charge were precisely controlled in order to measure different parameters as electrical resistance, gauge factor (GF), hysteresis, and repeatability. The results clearly show the influence of size and electrical conductivity on the gauge factor, but it is also important to point out the necessity of controlling the hysteresis and repeatability of the response for precision-demanding applications.
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a technique used for the detection of chemical warfare agents ... more Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a technique used for the detection of chemical warfare agents (CWA), drugs, toxic industrial compounds (TIC), and explosives, when rapid detection should be performed (from a few to several seconds) for trace amounts of these substances. An important development of IMS technology is differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS). DMS is also known as Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS). Detection possibilities of apparatus using the DMS method are based on the occurrence of the different mobilities of ions (K) in the alternating electric field. This dependence is characterized by the alpha function (α).This presentation shows methods and examples of the identification of chosen substances. The results for the dependence of coefficient α are specific for different types of substances. This specificity is used to identify vapours and gases.
The use of solar panels in low-power applications is an increasingly developing topic. Various me... more The use of solar panels in low-power applications is an increasingly developing topic. Various methods are currently used to obtain the highest possible solar panel power generation efficiency. The methods of determining the maximum power point (MPP) and its tracking are under constant development, resulting in the creation of new algorithms to accelerate the operational efficiency while maintaining good parameters. Typically, these methods are only used in high-power photovoltaic installations. Due to the problems resulting from the adjustment to MPP working conditions for low-power solar panels used to charge a Li-Ion battery, an attempt was made to check the feasibility of operating control based on a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method and a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm like the one used in high-power solar systems also for low-power systems. The article presents adaptation of PWM and MPPT methods for small chargers, including the stages of modelling a solar cha...
2017 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST), 2017
In the framework of the project SFORA in Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry was creat... more In the framework of the project SFORA in Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry was created a detector for the detection of biological threats. The main achievements of this project are development of a mobile device capable of analyzing the air for the presence of biological contamination and adapt it to work on the unmanned platform. The following presentation will show the results of work on the construction and development of the new type of detector for remote detection of biological hazards. The device is based on the analysis of fluorescence spectra of the sample and then comparing the resulting spectrogram database, which includes the standard curves obtained in the laboratory for selected bacteria. Currently, the device is able to recognize the 7 strains of pathogenic bacteria that can be used as a biological weapon (Bacillus anthracis, Brucella melitensis, Burkholderia mallei, Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium botulinum) and several popular harmless bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, etc., but it is possible to extend the list and adapting it for other purposes, eg. The detection of bacteria in hospitals. Samples can be automatically collected from the air or manually introduced into the device as a solution. The measurements provide information about the presence in the sample of bacteria and their approximate concentration. The detector has been designed for military purposes and that why its present form presents the results in three categories: the threat — the detection of pathogenic bacteria present in the database, a potential threat — if it is detected the bacteria, which the spectrogram is not stored in the database, or no risk — in the absence of signal or obtaining a signal from the harmless bacteria present in a database. Because the device is fully automatic, all spectra obtained during the operation are stored in the internal memory, or transmitted to the operator, which can be subjected to additional analysis. The spectra are collected at the different excitation wavelength, and the waveforms are specific for each of the strains. It also takes under analysis the signal intensities of the different spectra (not only shape a maximum of the peak) so it can be determined the concentration of bacteria in the sample under test. The device was tested in the laboratory in the range of concentration from 102 to 106 CFU/mL. The detector can also distinguish between the vegetative forms of spores of the bacteria. The device has a system of pre-concentration, whose main element is a plate coated with a polymeric matrix that allows the subsequent acquisition of trapped bacteria and additional testing in the lab to verify the results.
The inhibition sensitivity of wild and mutant acetylcholinesterases (AChE) towards selected organ... more The inhibition sensitivity of wild and mutant acetylcholinesterases (AChE) towards selected organophosphorus pesticides has been compared with enzymes immobilized in a photocured layer of polyvinylalcohol polymer (PVA-AWP) on a screen-printed graphite electrode. The investigated pesticides included the widely used malaoxon (MO), chlorfenvinphos (CFV), and chlorpyriphos-oxon (CPO). The last two insecticides are in the EC priority list of toxic compounds to be detected in water. The limits of detection (LOD) obtained with each pesticide tested were in accordance with the European regulation.
Polydimethylsiloxane, polyetheramide and poly(ethylene glycol) were deposited from their solution... more Polydimethylsiloxane, polyetheramide and poly(ethylene glycol) were deposited from their solutions on a polymer film by dip-coating to produce semipermeable membranes used then for pretreatment of mustard gas and soman-contg. wet air before detn. of the warfare agents by diffe-rential ion-mobility spectrometry. The polydimethylsiloxane and polyetheramide-coated membranes (5%) showed the best barrier properties against H2O.
ABSTRACT Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an appropriate technique to detect and identify chemi... more ABSTRACT Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an appropriate technique to detect and identify chemical warfare agents (CWAs), in particular nerve agents. In many cases, the challenge is to correctly distinguish between nerve agents such as sarin, soman, tabun and VX. This paper presents the identification of CWAs by PRS-1W, a detector that uses IMS combined with differential mobility spectrometry (DMS).
A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting ink is presented as a new electroactive mat... more A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting ink is presented as a new electroactive material to be incorporated in acetylcholinesterase-(AChE-) based screen printed biosensors, acting not only as a conducting template but also as an electrochemical mediator for thiocholine oxidation. Two different strategies have been studied for the chemical synthesis of PEDOT: (a) a classical oxidative polymerisation and (b) a more innovative enzymatic polymerisation, giving a water-soluble PEDOT. The use of this water-soluble conducting polymer as mediator in screen-printed biosensors enables its deposition by printing like the rest of the layers. Highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase-(AChE-) based screen-printed biosensors have been constructed using both classical and enzymatic PEDOT, in combination with genetically modified AChE. These electrodes allow the measurement of thiocholine oxidation at potentials of 100 mV versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode through the mediation of PEDOT. I...
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Papers by Tomasz Sikora