Bittsanszky, A., Gyulai, G., Humphreys, M. O., Kiss, J., Csintalan, Z., Lagler, R., Szabo, Z., Gu... more Bittsanszky, A., Gyulai, G., Humphreys, M. O., Kiss, J., Csintalan, Z., Lagler, R., Szabo, Z., Gullner, G., Rennenberg, H., Komives, T., Heszky, L. E. (2004). Stress capacity and RT-PCR analysis of transgenic gshI poplar clones (Populus canescens ) in response to paraquat exposure. Pages 273-277 in: Vollmann, J., Grausgruber, H., Ruckenbauer, P. (Eds). Genetic Variation for Plant Breeding. Proceedings of the 17th EUCARPIA General Congress, 8-11 September 2004, Tulln, Austria. BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, ISBN: 3-900962-56-1. Proceedings of the 17th Eucarpia General Congress, Tulln, Austria, 8-11 September 2004,
This Editorial paper is to introduce the two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The fi... more This Editorial paper is to introduce the two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first one is an edited and annotated translation of the study originally published by Dr. Barnabas Nagy (a young scientist working at the Plant Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of Hungary) in 1957. Unfortunately, the paper appeared in Hungarian in a relatively obscure local journal that existed for less than 15 years. As you will see in the excellent English translation of the article (translated, edited, and annotated by Bela Darvas and Andras Szekacs), Nagy's ideas were revolutionary and way ahead of their time. He suggested moving plant protection away from spraying with pesticides to the direction of biology and ecology. His paper is excellent reading, and I would like to use this Editorial to strongly recommend it to anyone interested in plants and protecting plants against harmful pests.
This Editorial paper is to introduce two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first ... more This Editorial paper is to introduce two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first one is an edited and annotated translation of a ground-breaking study originally published by Dr. Barnabás Nagy (a young scientist working at the Plant Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of Hungary) in 1957 (Nagy, 1957). Unfortunately, the paper appeared only in Hungarian (without its title and abstract translated to English) in a relatively obscure local journal that existed for less than 15 years and is not available online today. The excellent English translation of Nagy's article (Nagy et al., 2022, translated, edited, and annotated by Dr. Béla Darvas and Dr. András Székács) shows that Nagy's ideas were revolutionary in every respect and way ahead of their time. His concept was to move the theory and practice of plant protection away from chemistry (i.e., spraying with pesticides) to an approach based on biology and ecology. Nagy's paper is not only innovative and scientifically visionary but is an excellent reading, too. The second paper, written by Székács and Darvas (2022) discusses the current status of ecological plant protection and how it is influenced by the works of Nagy and his contemporaries in Hungary and abroad. The authors pay special attention to the changing attitudes of society (the general public and the government agencies) related to the persistence and environmental fate of pesticides, their residues, and chronic health-damaging effects. These changes are evident in the rapid progression and expansion of ecological (organic) farming worldwide and its support in the European Green Deal. In conclusion, I strongly recommend Nagy's seminal work to anyone interested in plants and protecting them against harmful pests. Furthermore, I express my deep gratitude to Drs. Darvas and Székács, who responded positively to our invitation to translate it and make it available to scientists, educators, and the general public and gave an excellent overview on the outlook of ecological plant protection today.
Plant immune systems rely on their ability to recognize enemy molecules, carry out signal transdu... more Plant immune systems rely on their ability to recognize enemy molecules, carry out signal transduction, and respond defensively through pathways involving many genes and their products. This Perspective paper aims to explore current views on the vaccination (immunization) of plants against diseases caused by microorganisms and their (macro)molecular components, paying special attention to practical applications. We conclude that the technique of vaccination to control plant disease needs to be further investigated, developed, and considered for wider implementation in plant protection practice.
Abstract
The thiocarbamate herbicide EPTC applied in phytotoxic doses to corn plants inhibits th... more Abstract
The thiocarbamate herbicide EPTC applied in phytotoxic doses to corn plants inhibits the
elongation of the fatty acid precursors of leaf wax lipid constituents, and alters the biosynthesis of the inner lipids of leaves and roots.
In recent years two private farms in Zimany and in Gyor-Kismegyer (in South and North Hungary, re... more In recent years two private farms in Zimany and in Gyor-Kismegyer (in South and North Hungary, respectively) established and systematically improved their spatial information infrastructure and generously allowed us to carry out research and development studies on site-specific weed management methods. Over the past three years, our primary goal was to improve common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) control efficacy and to reduce the amounts of the herbicides used for this purpose. We tested the potential of different site-specific methods of herbicide applications to control common ragweed under field conditions. Thus, in wheat stubble we applied the non-selective (total) herbicides glufosinate and glyphosate by using WeedSeeker (NTech Industries) sensor-spot sprayers, and in maize and sunflower we used map-based site-specific application of preemergent herbicides, in combination with spot-spraying glyphosate under the leaf canopy according to the newly developed in-row treatment ...
This is the obituary of Professor Zoltan Kiraly (1925-2021) plant scientist, co-creator of the sc... more This is the obituary of Professor Zoltan Kiraly (1925-2021) plant scientist, co-creator of the scientific discipline of plant pathophysiology.
understanding of alien species through citizen science (Alien-CSI). Research Ideas and Outcomes 4... more understanding of alien species through citizen science (Alien-CSI). Research Ideas and Outcomes 4: e31412.
A series of delta 17 unsaturated cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl analogues of enisoprost was synthesi... more A series of delta 17 unsaturated cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl analogues of enisoprost was synthesized to investigate the effects of omega chain unsaturation on gastric antisecretory activity and diarrheogenic side effects. Of these, the 17E, 18-cyclopentenyl analogue 5d displayed potent gastric antisecretory activity in dogs but very weak diarrheogenic properties in rats and is the most selective prostaglandin compound discovered in these laboratories. Structurally, 5d contains both a conjugated diene and tertiary allylic alcohol in the omega chain, and these chemical features impart some interesting oxidative and acid-catalyzed epimerization and allylic rearrangement reactivities, respectively.
Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 2007
As DNA methylation patterns are inherited ('epigenetic memory') gshI transgenic poplar (Populus ×... more As DNA methylation patterns are inherited ('epigenetic memory') gshI transgenic poplar (Populus × canescens) clones (11ggs and 6Lgl) were treated with the DNA demethylating drug DHAC (5,6-dihydro-5'azacytidine hydrochloride) at 10-4 M for 7 days in order to study acquired plant molecular defense mechanisms in novel plant sources. In this study, the response of relative gene expression levels of transgene gshI and poplar gene gsh1 to DHAC treatment were analyzed by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR). High expression levels of transgene gshI were observed in the 6Lgl clone (13.5-fold increase) compared to 11ggs (1.0) sample. The expression level doubled (1.8-fold increase) in the DHAC-treated 6Lgl samples but not in the 11ggs clone (0.4-fold). Contrary to this, the relative copy number of transgene gshI in the 6Lgl clone was found to be 60% less (1.0) than in the 11ggs sample (1.6). Relative expression level of endogenous poplar gene gsh1 showed significantly higher responsiveness to DHAC-induced demethylation than the transgene gshI with the highest expression level in the untransformed WT poplar (19.7-fold increase) compared to transformed clones of 6Lgl (8.7-fold increase) and 11ggs (2.5-fold increase), respectively. Competition in the reactivation capacity between transgene gshI and poplar gsh1 of 6Lgl clone was also observed as the relative gene expression level of transgene gshI increased from a high relative expression level (13.5) up by about twofold (1.8 times) rate (to 23.7) compared to poplar gsh1 gene that increased by an 8.7 increment from a lower level (1.6 rel. expression) to 13.9.
Bittsanszky, A., Gyulai, G., Humphreys, M. O., Kiss, J., Csintalan, Z., Lagler, R., Szabo, Z., Gu... more Bittsanszky, A., Gyulai, G., Humphreys, M. O., Kiss, J., Csintalan, Z., Lagler, R., Szabo, Z., Gullner, G., Rennenberg, H., Komives, T., Heszky, L. E. (2004). Stress capacity and RT-PCR analysis of transgenic gshI poplar clones (Populus canescens ) in response to paraquat exposure. Pages 273-277 in: Vollmann, J., Grausgruber, H., Ruckenbauer, P. (Eds). Genetic Variation for Plant Breeding. Proceedings of the 17th EUCARPIA General Congress, 8-11 September 2004, Tulln, Austria. BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, ISBN: 3-900962-56-1. Proceedings of the 17th Eucarpia General Congress, Tulln, Austria, 8-11 September 2004,
This Editorial paper is to introduce the two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The fi... more This Editorial paper is to introduce the two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first one is an edited and annotated translation of the study originally published by Dr. Barnabas Nagy (a young scientist working at the Plant Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of Hungary) in 1957. Unfortunately, the paper appeared in Hungarian in a relatively obscure local journal that existed for less than 15 years. As you will see in the excellent English translation of the article (translated, edited, and annotated by Bela Darvas and Andras Szekacs), Nagy's ideas were revolutionary and way ahead of their time. He suggested moving plant protection away from spraying with pesticides to the direction of biology and ecology. His paper is excellent reading, and I would like to use this Editorial to strongly recommend it to anyone interested in plants and protecting plants against harmful pests.
This Editorial paper is to introduce two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first ... more This Editorial paper is to introduce two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first one is an edited and annotated translation of a ground-breaking study originally published by Dr. Barnabás Nagy (a young scientist working at the Plant Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of Hungary) in 1957 (Nagy, 1957). Unfortunately, the paper appeared only in Hungarian (without its title and abstract translated to English) in a relatively obscure local journal that existed for less than 15 years and is not available online today. The excellent English translation of Nagy's article (Nagy et al., 2022, translated, edited, and annotated by Dr. Béla Darvas and Dr. András Székács) shows that Nagy's ideas were revolutionary in every respect and way ahead of their time. His concept was to move the theory and practice of plant protection away from chemistry (i.e., spraying with pesticides) to an approach based on biology and ecology. Nagy's paper is not only innovative and scientifically visionary but is an excellent reading, too. The second paper, written by Székács and Darvas (2022) discusses the current status of ecological plant protection and how it is influenced by the works of Nagy and his contemporaries in Hungary and abroad. The authors pay special attention to the changing attitudes of society (the general public and the government agencies) related to the persistence and environmental fate of pesticides, their residues, and chronic health-damaging effects. These changes are evident in the rapid progression and expansion of ecological (organic) farming worldwide and its support in the European Green Deal. In conclusion, I strongly recommend Nagy's seminal work to anyone interested in plants and protecting them against harmful pests. Furthermore, I express my deep gratitude to Drs. Darvas and Székács, who responded positively to our invitation to translate it and make it available to scientists, educators, and the general public and gave an excellent overview on the outlook of ecological plant protection today.
Plant immune systems rely on their ability to recognize enemy molecules, carry out signal transdu... more Plant immune systems rely on their ability to recognize enemy molecules, carry out signal transduction, and respond defensively through pathways involving many genes and their products. This Perspective paper aims to explore current views on the vaccination (immunization) of plants against diseases caused by microorganisms and their (macro)molecular components, paying special attention to practical applications. We conclude that the technique of vaccination to control plant disease needs to be further investigated, developed, and considered for wider implementation in plant protection practice.
Abstract
The thiocarbamate herbicide EPTC applied in phytotoxic doses to corn plants inhibits th... more Abstract
The thiocarbamate herbicide EPTC applied in phytotoxic doses to corn plants inhibits the
elongation of the fatty acid precursors of leaf wax lipid constituents, and alters the biosynthesis of the inner lipids of leaves and roots.
In recent years two private farms in Zimany and in Gyor-Kismegyer (in South and North Hungary, re... more In recent years two private farms in Zimany and in Gyor-Kismegyer (in South and North Hungary, respectively) established and systematically improved their spatial information infrastructure and generously allowed us to carry out research and development studies on site-specific weed management methods. Over the past three years, our primary goal was to improve common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) control efficacy and to reduce the amounts of the herbicides used for this purpose. We tested the potential of different site-specific methods of herbicide applications to control common ragweed under field conditions. Thus, in wheat stubble we applied the non-selective (total) herbicides glufosinate and glyphosate by using WeedSeeker (NTech Industries) sensor-spot sprayers, and in maize and sunflower we used map-based site-specific application of preemergent herbicides, in combination with spot-spraying glyphosate under the leaf canopy according to the newly developed in-row treatment ...
This is the obituary of Professor Zoltan Kiraly (1925-2021) plant scientist, co-creator of the sc... more This is the obituary of Professor Zoltan Kiraly (1925-2021) plant scientist, co-creator of the scientific discipline of plant pathophysiology.
understanding of alien species through citizen science (Alien-CSI). Research Ideas and Outcomes 4... more understanding of alien species through citizen science (Alien-CSI). Research Ideas and Outcomes 4: e31412.
A series of delta 17 unsaturated cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl analogues of enisoprost was synthesi... more A series of delta 17 unsaturated cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl analogues of enisoprost was synthesized to investigate the effects of omega chain unsaturation on gastric antisecretory activity and diarrheogenic side effects. Of these, the 17E, 18-cyclopentenyl analogue 5d displayed potent gastric antisecretory activity in dogs but very weak diarrheogenic properties in rats and is the most selective prostaglandin compound discovered in these laboratories. Structurally, 5d contains both a conjugated diene and tertiary allylic alcohol in the omega chain, and these chemical features impart some interesting oxidative and acid-catalyzed epimerization and allylic rearrangement reactivities, respectively.
Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 2007
As DNA methylation patterns are inherited ('epigenetic memory') gshI transgenic poplar (Populus ×... more As DNA methylation patterns are inherited ('epigenetic memory') gshI transgenic poplar (Populus × canescens) clones (11ggs and 6Lgl) were treated with the DNA demethylating drug DHAC (5,6-dihydro-5'azacytidine hydrochloride) at 10-4 M for 7 days in order to study acquired plant molecular defense mechanisms in novel plant sources. In this study, the response of relative gene expression levels of transgene gshI and poplar gene gsh1 to DHAC treatment were analyzed by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR). High expression levels of transgene gshI were observed in the 6Lgl clone (13.5-fold increase) compared to 11ggs (1.0) sample. The expression level doubled (1.8-fold increase) in the DHAC-treated 6Lgl samples but not in the 11ggs clone (0.4-fold). Contrary to this, the relative copy number of transgene gshI in the 6Lgl clone was found to be 60% less (1.0) than in the 11ggs sample (1.6). Relative expression level of endogenous poplar gene gsh1 showed significantly higher responsiveness to DHAC-induced demethylation than the transgene gshI with the highest expression level in the untransformed WT poplar (19.7-fold increase) compared to transformed clones of 6Lgl (8.7-fold increase) and 11ggs (2.5-fold increase), respectively. Competition in the reactivation capacity between transgene gshI and poplar gsh1 of 6Lgl clone was also observed as the relative gene expression level of transgene gshI increased from a high relative expression level (13.5) up by about twofold (1.8 times) rate (to 23.7) compared to poplar gsh1 gene that increased by an 8.7 increment from a lower level (1.6 rel. expression) to 13.9.
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Papers by Tamas Komives
The thiocarbamate herbicide EPTC applied in phytotoxic doses to corn plants inhibits the
elongation of the fatty acid precursors of leaf wax lipid constituents, and alters the biosynthesis of the inner lipids of leaves and roots.
The thiocarbamate herbicide EPTC applied in phytotoxic doses to corn plants inhibits the
elongation of the fatty acid precursors of leaf wax lipid constituents, and alters the biosynthesis of the inner lipids of leaves and roots.