Aims: Heavy drinkers tend to overestimate how much others drink (normative fallacy), at least in ... more Aims: Heavy drinkers tend to overestimate how much others drink (normative fallacy), at least in college samples. Little research has been conducted to evaluate whether normative misperceptions about drinking extend beyond the college population. The present study explored normative misperceptions in an adult general population sample of drinkers. Methods: As part of a larger study, in Toronto, Canada, a random digit dialling telephone survey was conducted with 14,009 participants who drank alcohol at least once per month. Respondents with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test of eight or more (n = 2757) were asked to estimate what percent of Canadians of their same sex: (a) drank more than they do; (b) were abstinent and (c) drank seven or more drinks per week. Respondents' estimates of these population drinking norms were then compared with the actual levels of alcohol consumption in the Canadian population. Results: A substantial level of normative misperception was observed for estimates of levels of drinking in the general population. Estimates of the proportion of Canadians who were abstinent were fairly accurate. There was some evidence of a positive relationship between the respondents' own drinking severity and the extent of normative misperceptions. Little evidence was found of a relationship between degree of normative misperceptions and age. Conclusion: Normative misperceptions have been successfully targeted in social norms media campaigns as well as in personalized feedback interventions for problem drinkers. The present research solidifies the empirical bases for extending these interventions more widely into the general population.
Objectives: We aimed to identify psychological factors associated with use of facemasks in shops ... more Objectives: We aimed to identify psychological factors associated with use of facemasks in shops in England following removal of legal requirements to do so, and to compare associations with and without legal restrictions.Design: Repeated cross-sectional online surveys (n≈ 2,000 adults) between August 2020and April 2022 (68,716 responses from 45,682 participants) using quota sampling. Methods: The outcome measure was whether those who had visited a shop for essentials in the previous seven days reported always having worn a facemask versus sometimes or not at all. Psychological predictor variables included worry, perceived risk and severity of COVID-19 and the perceived effectiveness of facemasks. Sociodemographic variables and measures of clinical vulnerability were also measured. For the period following removal of legal restrictions, multivariable regression was used to assess associations between the primary outcome variable and predictors adjusting for sociodemographic and clin...
Carr SM, Lhussier M, Forster N, et al. An Evidence Synthesis of Qualitative and Quantitative Rese... more Carr SM, Lhussier M, Forster N, et al. An Evidence Synthesis of Qualitative and Quantitative Research on Component Intervention Techniques, Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness, Equity and Acceptability of Different Versions of Health-Related Lifestyle Advisor Role in Improving Health. Southampton (UK): NIHR Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre (UK); 2011 Feb. (Health Technology Assessment, No. 15.9.) ... Cottler LB, Compton WM, Ben AA, Cunningham-Williams R, Abram F, Fichtenbaum C, et al. Peer-delivered interventions reduce HIV risk behaviors among ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a susceptible individual being ... more Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a susceptible individual being exposed to sufficiently deleterious environmental stimuli. More than 90% of COPD-related deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). LMICs face unique challenges in managing COPD; for example, deficient primary care systems present challenges for proper diagnosis and management. Formal diagnosis of COPD requires quality-assured spirometry, which is often limited to urban health centres. Similarly, standard treatment options for COPD remain limited where few providers are trained to manage COPD. The Global Excellence in COPD Outcomes (GECo) studies aim to assess the performance of a COPD case-finding questionnaire with and without peak expiratory flow (PEF) to diagnose COPD, and inform the effectiveness and implementation of COPD self-management Action Plans in LMIC settings. The ultimate goal is to develop simple, low-cost models of care that can be implemented in LMICs. Th...
UCL logo UCL Discovery. UCL home » Library Services » Electronic resources » UCL Discovery. Enter... more UCL logo UCL Discovery. UCL home » Library Services » Electronic resources » UCL Discovery. Enter your search terms. Everything Everything [Searches all fields, including full text] Author Author [Enter author as on the published work. For example Last name, Initial(s) eg Smith, PJ]. Detailed search; Browse by: Department | Year | Latest RSS feed. For everyone. About UCL Discovery; Open Access; Using UCL Discovery: Finding research; Using ...
Synopsis. Health researchers usually think they are asking the question, "Why do people become il... more Synopsis. Health researchers usually think they are asking the question, "Why do people become ill?" but they are often really studying "Who becomes ill?" There is astounding variability in susceptibility to illness and in the speed and likelihood of recovery. Longitudinal research reveals why it is not random who enters and sustains healthy pathways.
Background: The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is an integrative framework developed from a ... more Background: The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is an integrative framework developed from a synthesis of psychological theories as a vehicle to help apply theoretical approaches to interventions aimed at behavior change. Purpose: This study explores experiences of TDF use by professionals from multiple disciplines across diverse clinical settings. Methods: Mixed methods were used to examine experiences, attitudes, and perspectives of health professionals in using the TDF in health care implementation projects. Individual interviews were conducted with ten health care professionals from six disciplines who used the TDF in implementation projects. Deductive content and thematic analysis were used. Results: Three main themes and associated subthemes were identified including: 1) reasons for use of the TDF (increased confidence, broader perspective, and theoretical underpinnings); 2) challenges using the TDF (time and resources, operationalization of the TDF) and; 3) future use of the TDF. Conclusion: The TDF provided a useful, flexible framework for a diverse group of health professionals working across different clinical settings for the assessment of barriers and targeting resources to influence behavior change for implementation projects. The development of practical tools and training or support is likely to aid the utility of TDF.
We are delighted that the Scientific Programme for the 18th Conference of the European Health Psy... more We are delighted that the Scientific Programme for the 18th Conference of the European Health Psychology Society has been published in this journal supplement of Psychology and Health. It brings together a variety of theoretical and empirical traditions, which characterise the rich development of European Health Psychology. The diversity of the contributions to this conference stimulates our thinking, whilst the overlap consolidates our knowledge. The title of the conference,'Good Health: person and context', highlights the ...
People often behave in ways that harm their health because the short-term rewards are more powerf... more People often behave in ways that harm their health because the short-term rewards are more powerful than the perceived longer-term benefits. Interventions to change such behaviours have had modest effects (NICE, 2007). Interventions will be strengthened by: • better application of behaviour change theory, • more precise specification of content in terms of behaviour change techniques • developing methods for responsively intervening “in the moment” and • using “optimisation” study designs. Digital interventions present enormous opportunities advancing the field by allowing tailored “real time” interventions and optimisation designs. If the potential of such opportunities is to be maximised, these opportunities must be underpinned by behavioural science. This talk will present BCT Taxonomy v1, a method for specifying intervention content, identifying ‘active ingredients’ and making links between techniques and mechanisms of action (theory). This will be illustrated in relation to two smoking cessation interventions: 1. Txt2stop, a mobile phone messaging intervention found to double smoking cessation 2. StopAdvisor, an interactive, theoretically based internet intervention Preliminary findings will be presented from UBhave, a cross-disciplinary project investigating the power and challenges of using mobile phones and social networking for digitally supported behaviour change. Its aim is to contribute to a scientific foundation for this work (http://ubhave.org/). []
Foreword: John Weinman (King's College London).1. Health Psychology In Practice: Introduction... more Foreword: John Weinman (King's College London).1. Health Psychology In Practice: Introduction: Susan Michie And Charles Abraham.Part I: Training Models:.2. Training In Health Psychology: The UK Model: Susan Michie, Charles Abraham And Marie Johnston (University Of St Andrews).3. International Commentaries: The European Framework: Teresa Mendonca Mcintyre (University Of Minho) Susan Folkman (University Of California At San Francisco) Susan J. Paxton (La Trobe University) Hannah Mcgee (Royal College Of Surgeons In Ireland) Denise De Ridder And Karlein Schreurs (Utrecht University) And Teresa Mendonca Mcintyre.Part II: Research:.4. Using Theory In Research: Charles Abraham.5. Planning Research: Design, Sample, Measures: Stephen Sutton (University Of Cambridge) And David P. French (University Of Birmingham).6. Analysing And Reporting Data In Health Research: Daniel B. Wright And Kate Kelley (University Of Sussex).7. Designing And Conducting Qualitative Studies: Sheila Payne (University Of Sheffield).8. Planning And Conducting Systematic Reviews: Mark Petticrew (University Of Glasgow) And Simon Gilbody (University Of Leeds).9. Writing Grant Applications: Stanton Newman (University College London).10. Writing For Publication: Susan Michie And Robert West (St George's Hospital Medical School, London).Part III: Consultancy And Interventions:.11. Using Theory In Psychological Interventions: Gerjo Kok And Herman Schaalma (Maastricht University).12. Consultancy: Planning, Implementation And Evaluation: Louise Earll (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital) And Julian Bath (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital).13. Health Psychology Within Organizational Contexts: Eamonn Ferguson (University Of Nottingham) And Maire Kerrin (City University London).14. Changing Behaviour To Improve Health: Paul Bennett (University Of Wales, Swansea) Mark Conner (University Of Leeds) And Gaston Godin (Laval University).15. Studying And Changing Health Care Professionals' Behaviour: Anne Walker (University Of Aberdeen).Part IV: Training And Teaching:.16. Developing And Evaluating Training And Teaching: Helen Winefield (University Of Adelaide).17. Supervising Effectively: Sandra Horn (University Of Southampton).Part V: Professional Roles And Practice:.18. Health Psychology Within Health Service Settings: Claire N. Hallas (Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust, UK).19. A Framework For Professional Practice: Susan Michie.Index
Aims: Heavy drinkers tend to overestimate how much others drink (normative fallacy), at least in ... more Aims: Heavy drinkers tend to overestimate how much others drink (normative fallacy), at least in college samples. Little research has been conducted to evaluate whether normative misperceptions about drinking extend beyond the college population. The present study explored normative misperceptions in an adult general population sample of drinkers. Methods: As part of a larger study, in Toronto, Canada, a random digit dialling telephone survey was conducted with 14,009 participants who drank alcohol at least once per month. Respondents with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test of eight or more (n = 2757) were asked to estimate what percent of Canadians of their same sex: (a) drank more than they do; (b) were abstinent and (c) drank seven or more drinks per week. Respondents' estimates of these population drinking norms were then compared with the actual levels of alcohol consumption in the Canadian population. Results: A substantial level of normative misperception was observed for estimates of levels of drinking in the general population. Estimates of the proportion of Canadians who were abstinent were fairly accurate. There was some evidence of a positive relationship between the respondents' own drinking severity and the extent of normative misperceptions. Little evidence was found of a relationship between degree of normative misperceptions and age. Conclusion: Normative misperceptions have been successfully targeted in social norms media campaigns as well as in personalized feedback interventions for problem drinkers. The present research solidifies the empirical bases for extending these interventions more widely into the general population.
Objectives: We aimed to identify psychological factors associated with use of facemasks in shops ... more Objectives: We aimed to identify psychological factors associated with use of facemasks in shops in England following removal of legal requirements to do so, and to compare associations with and without legal restrictions.Design: Repeated cross-sectional online surveys (n≈ 2,000 adults) between August 2020and April 2022 (68,716 responses from 45,682 participants) using quota sampling. Methods: The outcome measure was whether those who had visited a shop for essentials in the previous seven days reported always having worn a facemask versus sometimes or not at all. Psychological predictor variables included worry, perceived risk and severity of COVID-19 and the perceived effectiveness of facemasks. Sociodemographic variables and measures of clinical vulnerability were also measured. For the period following removal of legal restrictions, multivariable regression was used to assess associations between the primary outcome variable and predictors adjusting for sociodemographic and clin...
Carr SM, Lhussier M, Forster N, et al. An Evidence Synthesis of Qualitative and Quantitative Rese... more Carr SM, Lhussier M, Forster N, et al. An Evidence Synthesis of Qualitative and Quantitative Research on Component Intervention Techniques, Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness, Equity and Acceptability of Different Versions of Health-Related Lifestyle Advisor Role in Improving Health. Southampton (UK): NIHR Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre (UK); 2011 Feb. (Health Technology Assessment, No. 15.9.) ... Cottler LB, Compton WM, Ben AA, Cunningham-Williams R, Abram F, Fichtenbaum C, et al. Peer-delivered interventions reduce HIV risk behaviors among ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a susceptible individual being ... more Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a susceptible individual being exposed to sufficiently deleterious environmental stimuli. More than 90% of COPD-related deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). LMICs face unique challenges in managing COPD; for example, deficient primary care systems present challenges for proper diagnosis and management. Formal diagnosis of COPD requires quality-assured spirometry, which is often limited to urban health centres. Similarly, standard treatment options for COPD remain limited where few providers are trained to manage COPD. The Global Excellence in COPD Outcomes (GECo) studies aim to assess the performance of a COPD case-finding questionnaire with and without peak expiratory flow (PEF) to diagnose COPD, and inform the effectiveness and implementation of COPD self-management Action Plans in LMIC settings. The ultimate goal is to develop simple, low-cost models of care that can be implemented in LMICs. Th...
UCL logo UCL Discovery. UCL home » Library Services » Electronic resources » UCL Discovery. Enter... more UCL logo UCL Discovery. UCL home » Library Services » Electronic resources » UCL Discovery. Enter your search terms. Everything Everything [Searches all fields, including full text] Author Author [Enter author as on the published work. For example Last name, Initial(s) eg Smith, PJ]. Detailed search; Browse by: Department | Year | Latest RSS feed. For everyone. About UCL Discovery; Open Access; Using UCL Discovery: Finding research; Using ...
Synopsis. Health researchers usually think they are asking the question, "Why do people become il... more Synopsis. Health researchers usually think they are asking the question, "Why do people become ill?" but they are often really studying "Who becomes ill?" There is astounding variability in susceptibility to illness and in the speed and likelihood of recovery. Longitudinal research reveals why it is not random who enters and sustains healthy pathways.
Background: The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is an integrative framework developed from a ... more Background: The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is an integrative framework developed from a synthesis of psychological theories as a vehicle to help apply theoretical approaches to interventions aimed at behavior change. Purpose: This study explores experiences of TDF use by professionals from multiple disciplines across diverse clinical settings. Methods: Mixed methods were used to examine experiences, attitudes, and perspectives of health professionals in using the TDF in health care implementation projects. Individual interviews were conducted with ten health care professionals from six disciplines who used the TDF in implementation projects. Deductive content and thematic analysis were used. Results: Three main themes and associated subthemes were identified including: 1) reasons for use of the TDF (increased confidence, broader perspective, and theoretical underpinnings); 2) challenges using the TDF (time and resources, operationalization of the TDF) and; 3) future use of the TDF. Conclusion: The TDF provided a useful, flexible framework for a diverse group of health professionals working across different clinical settings for the assessment of barriers and targeting resources to influence behavior change for implementation projects. The development of practical tools and training or support is likely to aid the utility of TDF.
We are delighted that the Scientific Programme for the 18th Conference of the European Health Psy... more We are delighted that the Scientific Programme for the 18th Conference of the European Health Psychology Society has been published in this journal supplement of Psychology and Health. It brings together a variety of theoretical and empirical traditions, which characterise the rich development of European Health Psychology. The diversity of the contributions to this conference stimulates our thinking, whilst the overlap consolidates our knowledge. The title of the conference,'Good Health: person and context', highlights the ...
People often behave in ways that harm their health because the short-term rewards are more powerf... more People often behave in ways that harm their health because the short-term rewards are more powerful than the perceived longer-term benefits. Interventions to change such behaviours have had modest effects (NICE, 2007). Interventions will be strengthened by: • better application of behaviour change theory, • more precise specification of content in terms of behaviour change techniques • developing methods for responsively intervening “in the moment” and • using “optimisation” study designs. Digital interventions present enormous opportunities advancing the field by allowing tailored “real time” interventions and optimisation designs. If the potential of such opportunities is to be maximised, these opportunities must be underpinned by behavioural science. This talk will present BCT Taxonomy v1, a method for specifying intervention content, identifying ‘active ingredients’ and making links between techniques and mechanisms of action (theory). This will be illustrated in relation to two smoking cessation interventions: 1. Txt2stop, a mobile phone messaging intervention found to double smoking cessation 2. StopAdvisor, an interactive, theoretically based internet intervention Preliminary findings will be presented from UBhave, a cross-disciplinary project investigating the power and challenges of using mobile phones and social networking for digitally supported behaviour change. Its aim is to contribute to a scientific foundation for this work (http://ubhave.org/). []
Foreword: John Weinman (King's College London).1. Health Psychology In Practice: Introduction... more Foreword: John Weinman (King's College London).1. Health Psychology In Practice: Introduction: Susan Michie And Charles Abraham.Part I: Training Models:.2. Training In Health Psychology: The UK Model: Susan Michie, Charles Abraham And Marie Johnston (University Of St Andrews).3. International Commentaries: The European Framework: Teresa Mendonca Mcintyre (University Of Minho) Susan Folkman (University Of California At San Francisco) Susan J. Paxton (La Trobe University) Hannah Mcgee (Royal College Of Surgeons In Ireland) Denise De Ridder And Karlein Schreurs (Utrecht University) And Teresa Mendonca Mcintyre.Part II: Research:.4. Using Theory In Research: Charles Abraham.5. Planning Research: Design, Sample, Measures: Stephen Sutton (University Of Cambridge) And David P. French (University Of Birmingham).6. Analysing And Reporting Data In Health Research: Daniel B. Wright And Kate Kelley (University Of Sussex).7. Designing And Conducting Qualitative Studies: Sheila Payne (University Of Sheffield).8. Planning And Conducting Systematic Reviews: Mark Petticrew (University Of Glasgow) And Simon Gilbody (University Of Leeds).9. Writing Grant Applications: Stanton Newman (University College London).10. Writing For Publication: Susan Michie And Robert West (St George's Hospital Medical School, London).Part III: Consultancy And Interventions:.11. Using Theory In Psychological Interventions: Gerjo Kok And Herman Schaalma (Maastricht University).12. Consultancy: Planning, Implementation And Evaluation: Louise Earll (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital) And Julian Bath (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital).13. Health Psychology Within Organizational Contexts: Eamonn Ferguson (University Of Nottingham) And Maire Kerrin (City University London).14. Changing Behaviour To Improve Health: Paul Bennett (University Of Wales, Swansea) Mark Conner (University Of Leeds) And Gaston Godin (Laval University).15. Studying And Changing Health Care Professionals' Behaviour: Anne Walker (University Of Aberdeen).Part IV: Training And Teaching:.16. Developing And Evaluating Training And Teaching: Helen Winefield (University Of Adelaide).17. Supervising Effectively: Sandra Horn (University Of Southampton).Part V: Professional Roles And Practice:.18. Health Psychology Within Health Service Settings: Claire N. Hallas (Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust, UK).19. A Framework For Professional Practice: Susan Michie.Index
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