Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli Unive... more Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma to remediate crude oil contaminated soil with organic and inorganic fertilizers. Thirty six pots were filled with 5 kg surface soils (0-15cm).The soils were contaminated with 300 ml crude oil and amended with six rates of poultry manure and NPK fertilizer mixture. Potato vine with 2 nodes was planted in each pot. The pots were laid out using completely randomized design replicated thrice. Results showed that application of 6 t pm/ha + 400 kg NPK/ha and 4 t pm/ha + 200 kg NPK/ha reduced soil THC from 300 mg/kg to 39.08 and 70.00 mg/kg i.e. net remediation of 86.97 and 76.42 % respectively. Inorganic and organic fertilizer mixtures are effective in the restoration of crude oil contaminated soils. Keywords: contamination, crude oil, NPK fertilizer, poultry manure, remediation, sweet potato.
The study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of phytoremediation in the management of oil i... more The study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of phytoremediation in the management of oil impacted soil in Ekpan communities of Delta state, Nigeria. To do this, the study adopted an experimental research design that involve the use of phytoremediation (carpet grass Axonopus compressus) and nutsedge Cyperus rotundus) in the management of petroleum impacted soil site in Ekpan. This experiment spans for three months periods (one planting season). It involves the treatment of the oil impacted site with different plant species and soil amendments. Laboratory analysis of the soil samples was conducted to determine the effect of phytoremediation and soil amendments on hydrocarbon loss in oil impacted sites. The study revealed that the combined effect of Axonopus sp., Cyperus sp. and oil amendments accounted for 59% reduction in hydrocarbon. However Axonopus sp. and Cyperus sp. accounted for 47% and 48% reduction in hydrocarbon respectively. This shows that though, both plant species can be used successfully as a phytoremediation technique for the reclamation of oil impacted soils, but Axonopus sp. and Cyperus sp. was the most effective when applied with soil amendment (organic and inorganic manure). It is therefore recommended that iindigenous plant species (particularly Axonopus sp. and Cyperus sp.) should be used together with soil amendments in phytoremediation rather than the traditional bioremediation involving the use of microorganism. Oil companies operating in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria are encouraged not only to carry out physical clean-up of oil spills but should also carry out bioremediation to restore the environment back to its natural or near natural state. The methodology adopted in this study could be followed by oil companies to manage oil impacted soils in the Niger-Delta environment in Nigeria and indeed everywhere in the world.
This paper presents a new time-variant reverberation algorithm that can be used in reverberation ... more This paper presents a new time-variant reverberation algorithm that can be used in reverberation enhancement systems. In these systems, acoustical feedback is always present and time variance can be used to obtain more gain before instability (GBI). The presented time-variant reverberation algorithm is analyzed and results of a practical GBI test are presented. The proposed reverberation algorithm has been used successfully with an electro-acoustically enhanced rehearsal room. This particular application is briefly overviewed and other possible applications are discussed.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2013
Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli Unive... more Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma to determine soil total hydrocarbon content (THC) after contamination and remediation with sweet potato ( Ipomea batatas ) (phytoremediation). Thirty six plastic pots were filled with 5 kg surface soils (0-15 cm). The potted soils were contaminated with six rates of crude oil: 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ml/pot. Potato vine with 2 nodes was planted in each pot. The pots were laid out using completely randomized design replicated thrice. Results showed that phytoremediation activities reduced soil total hydrocarbon content (THC) from 100 and 200 mg/kg to 22.49 and 49.10 mg/kg i.e. net phytoremediation of 77.51 and 75.45 % respectively. Sweet potato plant is effective in the restoration of crude oil contaminated soils. Keywords: contamination, crude oil, phytoremediation, remediation, sweet potato.
… Comparative and International Education, Jan 1, 1988
... These include the development of literacy and numeracy skills, positive attitudes toward work... more ... These include the development of literacy and numeracy skills, positive attitudes toward work, civic ... It might reflect historical but outdated policies; overt and knowing waste; or simple mismanage ... a second language to lower-primary students (Standards 1-3). An evaluation of this ...
The idea of positive educational externalities is that the benefits of individually acquired educ... more The idea of positive educational externalities is that the benefits of individually acquired education may not be restricted to the individual but might spill over to others as well, accruing at higher aggregation levels, in particular at the macro-economic one. We offer an extensive summary and a critical discussion of the empirical literature on the impact of human capital on macro-economic performance, with a particular focus on UK policy. Key findings include: (1) Taking the studies as a whole, there is compelling evidence that human capital increases productivity. Although there is an important theoretical distinction between the augmented neo-classical approach and the new growth theories, the empirical literature is still largely divided on whether the stock of education affects the long-run level or growth rate of the economy. A one-year increase in average education is found to raise the level of output per capita by between 3 and 6 percent according to augmented neo-classical specifications, while it would lead to an over 1 percentage point faster growth according to estimates from the new-growth theories. (2) Over the short-run planning horizon (4 years) the empirical estimates of the change in GDP for a given increase in the human capital stock are of similar orders of magnitude in the two approaches. (3) The impact of increases at different levels of education appear to depend on the level of a country's development, with tertiary/higher education being the most important for growth in OECD countries. (4) Education is found to yield additional indirect benefits to growth (in particular, by stimulating physical capital investments and technological development and adoption). More preliminary evidence seems to indicate that type, quality and efficiency of education all matter for growth. The most pressing methodological problems are the measurement of human capital; systematic differences in the coefficient of education across countries (in particular between developing and developed countries) and reverse causality. We also make recommendations for future research priorities.
This paper develops dynamic and expected dynamic rates of return to high school and college educa... more This paper develops dynamic and expected dynamic rates of return to high school and college education for males and females for 1967-95 that take the effects of annual changes in institutional costs and in real earnings within each age group in cross section age earnings profiles into account.
... the economic ones: human capital, resources and outputs, productivity and efficiency, educati... more ... the economic ones: human capital, resources and outputs, productivity and efficiency, education and work ... Education in Australia 9 The Deveson Report on TAPE and the training ... in course design, research programs, credentialling, student selection, and internal manage-ment. ...
... For example, the rate of return criterion (a version of the benefit-cost approach) can be mea... more ... For example, the rate of return criterion (a version of the benefit-cost approach) can be meaningfully used in decisions with regard to outlays of type (1) wherein the calculation of benefits and ... Construction of inter-temporal indices of internal efficiency of education (de-fined as ...
This paper reviews the basic concept of the profitability of investment in education and enumerat... more This paper reviews the basic concept of the profitability of investment in education and enumerates the various techniques that have been used in the literature to estimate the rate of return to investment in education. The various estimating techniques are illustrated by using household survey data from Venezuela and Guatemala. The paper also reviews the controversies that have appeared in the literature regarding the use of rates of return to investment in education for designing educational policy.
Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli Unive... more Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma to remediate crude oil contaminated soil with organic and inorganic fertilizers. Thirty six pots were filled with 5 kg surface soils (0-15cm).The soils were contaminated with 300 ml crude oil and amended with six rates of poultry manure and NPK fertilizer mixture. Potato vine with 2 nodes was planted in each pot. The pots were laid out using completely randomized design replicated thrice. Results showed that application of 6 t pm/ha + 400 kg NPK/ha and 4 t pm/ha + 200 kg NPK/ha reduced soil THC from 300 mg/kg to 39.08 and 70.00 mg/kg i.e. net remediation of 86.97 and 76.42 % respectively. Inorganic and organic fertilizer mixtures are effective in the restoration of crude oil contaminated soils. Keywords: contamination, crude oil, NPK fertilizer, poultry manure, remediation, sweet potato.
The study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of phytoremediation in the management of oil i... more The study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of phytoremediation in the management of oil impacted soil in Ekpan communities of Delta state, Nigeria. To do this, the study adopted an experimental research design that involve the use of phytoremediation (carpet grass Axonopus compressus) and nutsedge Cyperus rotundus) in the management of petroleum impacted soil site in Ekpan. This experiment spans for three months periods (one planting season). It involves the treatment of the oil impacted site with different plant species and soil amendments. Laboratory analysis of the soil samples was conducted to determine the effect of phytoremediation and soil amendments on hydrocarbon loss in oil impacted sites. The study revealed that the combined effect of Axonopus sp., Cyperus sp. and oil amendments accounted for 59% reduction in hydrocarbon. However Axonopus sp. and Cyperus sp. accounted for 47% and 48% reduction in hydrocarbon respectively. This shows that though, both plant species can be used successfully as a phytoremediation technique for the reclamation of oil impacted soils, but Axonopus sp. and Cyperus sp. was the most effective when applied with soil amendment (organic and inorganic manure). It is therefore recommended that iindigenous plant species (particularly Axonopus sp. and Cyperus sp.) should be used together with soil amendments in phytoremediation rather than the traditional bioremediation involving the use of microorganism. Oil companies operating in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria are encouraged not only to carry out physical clean-up of oil spills but should also carry out bioremediation to restore the environment back to its natural or near natural state. The methodology adopted in this study could be followed by oil companies to manage oil impacted soils in the Niger-Delta environment in Nigeria and indeed everywhere in the world.
This paper presents a new time-variant reverberation algorithm that can be used in reverberation ... more This paper presents a new time-variant reverberation algorithm that can be used in reverberation enhancement systems. In these systems, acoustical feedback is always present and time variance can be used to obtain more gain before instability (GBI). The presented time-variant reverberation algorithm is analyzed and results of a practical GBI test are presented. The proposed reverberation algorithm has been used successfully with an electro-acoustically enhanced rehearsal room. This particular application is briefly overviewed and other possible applications are discussed.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2013
Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli Unive... more Experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma to determine soil total hydrocarbon content (THC) after contamination and remediation with sweet potato ( Ipomea batatas ) (phytoremediation). Thirty six plastic pots were filled with 5 kg surface soils (0-15 cm). The potted soils were contaminated with six rates of crude oil: 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ml/pot. Potato vine with 2 nodes was planted in each pot. The pots were laid out using completely randomized design replicated thrice. Results showed that phytoremediation activities reduced soil total hydrocarbon content (THC) from 100 and 200 mg/kg to 22.49 and 49.10 mg/kg i.e. net phytoremediation of 77.51 and 75.45 % respectively. Sweet potato plant is effective in the restoration of crude oil contaminated soils. Keywords: contamination, crude oil, phytoremediation, remediation, sweet potato.
… Comparative and International Education, Jan 1, 1988
... These include the development of literacy and numeracy skills, positive attitudes toward work... more ... These include the development of literacy and numeracy skills, positive attitudes toward work, civic ... It might reflect historical but outdated policies; overt and knowing waste; or simple mismanage ... a second language to lower-primary students (Standards 1-3). An evaluation of this ...
The idea of positive educational externalities is that the benefits of individually acquired educ... more The idea of positive educational externalities is that the benefits of individually acquired education may not be restricted to the individual but might spill over to others as well, accruing at higher aggregation levels, in particular at the macro-economic one. We offer an extensive summary and a critical discussion of the empirical literature on the impact of human capital on macro-economic performance, with a particular focus on UK policy. Key findings include: (1) Taking the studies as a whole, there is compelling evidence that human capital increases productivity. Although there is an important theoretical distinction between the augmented neo-classical approach and the new growth theories, the empirical literature is still largely divided on whether the stock of education affects the long-run level or growth rate of the economy. A one-year increase in average education is found to raise the level of output per capita by between 3 and 6 percent according to augmented neo-classical specifications, while it would lead to an over 1 percentage point faster growth according to estimates from the new-growth theories. (2) Over the short-run planning horizon (4 years) the empirical estimates of the change in GDP for a given increase in the human capital stock are of similar orders of magnitude in the two approaches. (3) The impact of increases at different levels of education appear to depend on the level of a country's development, with tertiary/higher education being the most important for growth in OECD countries. (4) Education is found to yield additional indirect benefits to growth (in particular, by stimulating physical capital investments and technological development and adoption). More preliminary evidence seems to indicate that type, quality and efficiency of education all matter for growth. The most pressing methodological problems are the measurement of human capital; systematic differences in the coefficient of education across countries (in particular between developing and developed countries) and reverse causality. We also make recommendations for future research priorities.
This paper develops dynamic and expected dynamic rates of return to high school and college educa... more This paper develops dynamic and expected dynamic rates of return to high school and college education for males and females for 1967-95 that take the effects of annual changes in institutional costs and in real earnings within each age group in cross section age earnings profiles into account.
... the economic ones: human capital, resources and outputs, productivity and efficiency, educati... more ... the economic ones: human capital, resources and outputs, productivity and efficiency, education and work ... Education in Australia 9 The Deveson Report on TAPE and the training ... in course design, research programs, credentialling, student selection, and internal manage-ment. ...
... For example, the rate of return criterion (a version of the benefit-cost approach) can be mea... more ... For example, the rate of return criterion (a version of the benefit-cost approach) can be meaningfully used in decisions with regard to outlays of type (1) wherein the calculation of benefits and ... Construction of inter-temporal indices of internal efficiency of education (de-fined as ...
This paper reviews the basic concept of the profitability of investment in education and enumerat... more This paper reviews the basic concept of the profitability of investment in education and enumerates the various techniques that have been used in the literature to estimate the rate of return to investment in education. The various estimating techniques are illustrated by using household survey data from Venezuela and Guatemala. The paper also reviews the controversies that have appeared in the literature regarding the use of rates of return to investment in education for designing educational policy.
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