International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
Abstract: Acoustic echo cancellation is a common occurrence in today’s telecommunication systems.... more Abstract: Acoustic echo cancellation is a common occurrence in today’s telecommunication systems. The signal interference caused by acoustic echo is distracting to users and causes a reduction in the quality of the communication. This paper is implementing the overall system of acoustic echo cancellation system using LMS and NLMS algorithms for adaptive filter, normalized cross correlation (NCC) algorithm double talk detector. The result of echo return loss enhancement (ERLE) and mean squared error (MSE) which show that how much the amount of echo signal cancelled and the amount of residual error signal for cancelling acoustic echo cancellation on a PC with the help of the MATLAB software.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
With the increasing demand of higher data rate for telecommunication, the IEEE802.11n standard wa... more With the increasing demand of higher data rate for telecommunication, the IEEE802.11n standard was constituted in 2009. The most important character of the standard is MIMO-OFDM, which not only improves the throughput but also the spectrum efficiency and channel capacity. And in wireless communication, the role of MIMO detectors plays an important part to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath fading channel. In this paper the BER performance of IEEE 802.11n for 3x2, 4x2 and 4x3 antennas are compared using MMSE and ZF detectors in Matlab Simulink.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
Speech is an easiest way to communicate with each other. Speech processing is widely used in many... more Speech is an easiest way to communicate with each other. Speech processing is widely used in many applications like security devices, household appliances, cellular phones, ATM machines and computers. The human computer interface has been developed to communicate or interact conveniently for one who is suffering from some kind of disabilities. Speech-to-Text Conversion (STT) systems have a lot of benefits for the deaf or dumb people and find their applications in our daily lives. In the same way, the aim of the system is to convert the input speech signals into the text output for the deaf or dumb students in the educational fields. This paper presents an approach to extract features by using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) from the speech signals of isolated spoken words. And, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) method is applied to train and test the audio files to get the recognized spoken word. The speech database is created by using MATLAB.Then, the original speech signals are...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
The evolution of wireless sensor network technology leads to develop advanced systems for real-ti... more The evolution of wireless sensor network technology leads to develop advanced systems for real-time monitoring. Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a major technology that drives the development of precision agriculture.By forming wireless sensor network,agricultural practicescan be made good monitoring systems.Various agricultural parameters like soil moisture, temperature, and humidity are monitored by monitoring units.The paper explains about how to utilize thesensors in agricultural practices and explains about routing protocols of wireless sensor network. In this paper, agricultural parameter of temperature will monitor with the use of LEACH protocol.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
GPS is playing in very important role in our modern mobile societies. Software approach is very f... more GPS is playing in very important role in our modern mobile societies. Software approach is very flexible rather than the traditional hardware receivers. The soft-GPS receiver includes two portions: hardware and software. In hardware portion, an antenna, filter, down-converter from RF (Radio Frequency) to IF (Intermediate Frequency), and an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) are included. In software portion, signal processing such as acquisition, tracking and navigation that runs on general purpose processor is included. The GPS signal is taken from N-FUELS (Full Educational Library of Signals for Navigation) signal simulator. The heart of soft-GPS receiver is the synchronization processes such as acquisition and tracking. In tracking, there are two main loops for code and carrier tracking. The objective of this paper is to analyse and find the optimum discriminator function for the code tracking loop in soft-GPS receivers. The delay lock loop (DLL) is a well-known technique to track...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
The most unwanted thing to happen to a road user is road accident. Most of the fatal accidents oc... more The most unwanted thing to happen to a road user is road accident. Most of the fatal accidents occur due to over speeding. Faster vehicles are more prone to accident than the slower one. Among the various methods for detecting speed of the vehicle, object detection systems based on Radar have been replaced for about a century for various purposes like detection of aircrafts, spacecraft, ships, navigation, reading weather formations and terrain mapping. The essential feature in adaptive vehicle activated sign systems is the accurate measurement of a vehicle's velocity. The velocities of the vehicles are acquired from a continuous wave Doppler radar. A very low amount of power is consumed in this system and only batteries can use to operate. The system works on the principle of Doppler Effect by detecting the Doppler shift in microwaves reflected from a moving object. Since, the output of the sensor is sinusoidal wave with very small amplitude and needs to be amplified with the help of the amplifier before further processing. The purpose to calculate and display the speed on LCD is performed by the microcontroller.
This paper presents design and implementation of compact microstripline phase shifter at C band f... more This paper presents design and implementation of compact microstripline phase shifter at C band frequency range using RT Duroid 5870 substrate. Phase shifters are key elements of beam-steering antennas which are very useful for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and microwave communication system. Phase shifters are used to control the main-beam of the phased array antenna. Microstripline phase shifter is used since it is simple to design and easy to fabricate. The main objective of this paper is to design and implement a phase shifter for four elements linear sub array for SAR application. This phase shifter is provided using different lengths for scan angle 0o to 135o. RT Duroid 5870 substrate is used for its lower insertion loss. The important mathematical calculations for finding the dimensions of all the individual component is done using MATLAB and then individual components are designed and simulated using Ansoft Designer (SV) and Sonnet Lite v13.35. The presented phase shifter i...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
This paper is to implement monitoring and access control system based on RFID and Zigbee technolo... more This paper is to implement monitoring and access control system based on RFID and Zigbee technology, which can be used at Parliamentary Campus. Nowadays, RFID technology is widely used for access control system because it is cheap, waterproof and easy to use as well as it contains unique EPC (electronic protect code) .In addition, Zigbee wireless module is cost-effective and can be reliable for security. So,this system consists of RFID tag, RFID reader, Arduino Uno and Zigbee. This system can also be used for industrial & commercial and security HVAC closures. This paper describes the results of point-to-point connection and point-to-multipoint connection using Zigbee and RFID technology.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
This paper presents a compact planar inverted–F antenna (PIFA) design for WLAN operation in porta... more This paper presents a compact planar inverted–F antenna (PIFA) design for WLAN operation in portable devices. The proposed design has size of 8 x 21 mm and provides peak directive gain of 5.78dBi with the peak return loss of -33.89dB and input impedance of 50.28Ω. It covers a 10dB return loss bandwidth of 410MHz (2.37GHz – 2.789GHz). Its VSWR varies from 1.96 to 1.93 within the antenna return loss bandwidth. As the dimension of the proposed antenna is very small, the antenna is promising to be embedded within the different portable devices employing Wi–Fi applications. This paper includes the return loss as a function of frequency with varying the different parameters, VSWR, input resistance, radiation pattern and current distribution of the proposed antenna.
Due to the rapid development in automation system, control and monitoring are necessary for any m... more Due to the rapid development in automation system, control and monitoring are necessary for any modern system. DCS provides this control and monitoring fo r industrial automation. The system is designed and constructed Distributed Control System (DCS) based power distri bution in university campus. The research has const ructed hardware and utilized Microsoft Visual Basic software in software environment using a communication ne twork and embedded controllers. All hardware and software components have been developed and integrated together . Data exchange mechanism, USB cable has been developed be twe n the host computer and the embedded controller s that function in two way data exchanges between the two. This system uses PIC 18F4550 microcontroller to co llect electrical parameters of devices in each departments. The Grap hical User Interface (GUI) uses Visual Basic Softwa re under Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 express to achieve data real-time display and status display for the loa...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
Abstract: Acoustic echo cancellation is a common occurrence in today’s telecommunication systems.... more Abstract: Acoustic echo cancellation is a common occurrence in today’s telecommunication systems. The signal interference caused by acoustic echo is distracting to users and causes a reduction in the quality of the communication. This paper is implementing the overall system of acoustic echo cancellation system using LMS and NLMS algorithms for adaptive filter, normalized cross correlation (NCC) algorithm double talk detector. The result of echo return loss enhancement (ERLE) and mean squared error (MSE) which show that how much the amount of echo signal cancelled and the amount of residual error signal for cancelling acoustic echo cancellation on a PC with the help of the MATLAB software.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
With the increasing demand of higher data rate for telecommunication, the IEEE802.11n standard wa... more With the increasing demand of higher data rate for telecommunication, the IEEE802.11n standard was constituted in 2009. The most important character of the standard is MIMO-OFDM, which not only improves the throughput but also the spectrum efficiency and channel capacity. And in wireless communication, the role of MIMO detectors plays an important part to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath fading channel. In this paper the BER performance of IEEE 802.11n for 3x2, 4x2 and 4x3 antennas are compared using MMSE and ZF detectors in Matlab Simulink.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
Speech is an easiest way to communicate with each other. Speech processing is widely used in many... more Speech is an easiest way to communicate with each other. Speech processing is widely used in many applications like security devices, household appliances, cellular phones, ATM machines and computers. The human computer interface has been developed to communicate or interact conveniently for one who is suffering from some kind of disabilities. Speech-to-Text Conversion (STT) systems have a lot of benefits for the deaf or dumb people and find their applications in our daily lives. In the same way, the aim of the system is to convert the input speech signals into the text output for the deaf or dumb students in the educational fields. This paper presents an approach to extract features by using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) from the speech signals of isolated spoken words. And, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) method is applied to train and test the audio files to get the recognized spoken word. The speech database is created by using MATLAB.Then, the original speech signals are...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
The evolution of wireless sensor network technology leads to develop advanced systems for real-ti... more The evolution of wireless sensor network technology leads to develop advanced systems for real-time monitoring. Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a major technology that drives the development of precision agriculture.By forming wireless sensor network,agricultural practicescan be made good monitoring systems.Various agricultural parameters like soil moisture, temperature, and humidity are monitored by monitoring units.The paper explains about how to utilize thesensors in agricultural practices and explains about routing protocols of wireless sensor network. In this paper, agricultural parameter of temperature will monitor with the use of LEACH protocol.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
GPS is playing in very important role in our modern mobile societies. Software approach is very f... more GPS is playing in very important role in our modern mobile societies. Software approach is very flexible rather than the traditional hardware receivers. The soft-GPS receiver includes two portions: hardware and software. In hardware portion, an antenna, filter, down-converter from RF (Radio Frequency) to IF (Intermediate Frequency), and an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) are included. In software portion, signal processing such as acquisition, tracking and navigation that runs on general purpose processor is included. The GPS signal is taken from N-FUELS (Full Educational Library of Signals for Navigation) signal simulator. The heart of soft-GPS receiver is the synchronization processes such as acquisition and tracking. In tracking, there are two main loops for code and carrier tracking. The objective of this paper is to analyse and find the optimum discriminator function for the code tracking loop in soft-GPS receivers. The delay lock loop (DLL) is a well-known technique to track...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
The most unwanted thing to happen to a road user is road accident. Most of the fatal accidents oc... more The most unwanted thing to happen to a road user is road accident. Most of the fatal accidents occur due to over speeding. Faster vehicles are more prone to accident than the slower one. Among the various methods for detecting speed of the vehicle, object detection systems based on Radar have been replaced for about a century for various purposes like detection of aircrafts, spacecraft, ships, navigation, reading weather formations and terrain mapping. The essential feature in adaptive vehicle activated sign systems is the accurate measurement of a vehicle's velocity. The velocities of the vehicles are acquired from a continuous wave Doppler radar. A very low amount of power is consumed in this system and only batteries can use to operate. The system works on the principle of Doppler Effect by detecting the Doppler shift in microwaves reflected from a moving object. Since, the output of the sensor is sinusoidal wave with very small amplitude and needs to be amplified with the help of the amplifier before further processing. The purpose to calculate and display the speed on LCD is performed by the microcontroller.
This paper presents design and implementation of compact microstripline phase shifter at C band f... more This paper presents design and implementation of compact microstripline phase shifter at C band frequency range using RT Duroid 5870 substrate. Phase shifters are key elements of beam-steering antennas which are very useful for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and microwave communication system. Phase shifters are used to control the main-beam of the phased array antenna. Microstripline phase shifter is used since it is simple to design and easy to fabricate. The main objective of this paper is to design and implement a phase shifter for four elements linear sub array for SAR application. This phase shifter is provided using different lengths for scan angle 0o to 135o. RT Duroid 5870 substrate is used for its lower insertion loss. The important mathematical calculations for finding the dimensions of all the individual component is done using MATLAB and then individual components are designed and simulated using Ansoft Designer (SV) and Sonnet Lite v13.35. The presented phase shifter i...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
This paper is to implement monitoring and access control system based on RFID and Zigbee technolo... more This paper is to implement monitoring and access control system based on RFID and Zigbee technology, which can be used at Parliamentary Campus. Nowadays, RFID technology is widely used for access control system because it is cheap, waterproof and easy to use as well as it contains unique EPC (electronic protect code) .In addition, Zigbee wireless module is cost-effective and can be reliable for security. So,this system consists of RFID tag, RFID reader, Arduino Uno and Zigbee. This system can also be used for industrial & commercial and security HVAC closures. This paper describes the results of point-to-point connection and point-to-multipoint connection using Zigbee and RFID technology.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2016
This paper presents a compact planar inverted–F antenna (PIFA) design for WLAN operation in porta... more This paper presents a compact planar inverted–F antenna (PIFA) design for WLAN operation in portable devices. The proposed design has size of 8 x 21 mm and provides peak directive gain of 5.78dBi with the peak return loss of -33.89dB and input impedance of 50.28Ω. It covers a 10dB return loss bandwidth of 410MHz (2.37GHz – 2.789GHz). Its VSWR varies from 1.96 to 1.93 within the antenna return loss bandwidth. As the dimension of the proposed antenna is very small, the antenna is promising to be embedded within the different portable devices employing Wi–Fi applications. This paper includes the return loss as a function of frequency with varying the different parameters, VSWR, input resistance, radiation pattern and current distribution of the proposed antenna.
Due to the rapid development in automation system, control and monitoring are necessary for any m... more Due to the rapid development in automation system, control and monitoring are necessary for any modern system. DCS provides this control and monitoring fo r industrial automation. The system is designed and constructed Distributed Control System (DCS) based power distri bution in university campus. The research has const ructed hardware and utilized Microsoft Visual Basic software in software environment using a communication ne twork and embedded controllers. All hardware and software components have been developed and integrated together . Data exchange mechanism, USB cable has been developed be twe n the host computer and the embedded controller s that function in two way data exchanges between the two. This system uses PIC 18F4550 microcontroller to co llect electrical parameters of devices in each departments. The Grap hical User Interface (GUI) uses Visual Basic Softwa re under Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 express to achieve data real-time display and status display for the loa...
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