This paper presents comprehensive analysis and investigation for 1550nm and 1310nm ring optical m... more This paper presents comprehensive analysis and investigation for 1550nm and 1310nm ring optical modulators employing an electro-optic polymer infiltrated silicon-plasmonic hybrid phase shifter. The paper falls into two parts which introduce a theoretical modeling framework and performance assessment of these advanced modulators, respectively. In this part, analytical expressions are derived to characterize the coupling effect in the hybrid phase shifter, transmission function of the modulator, and modulator performance parameters. The results can be used as a guideline to design compact and wideband optical modulators using plasmonic technology.
This book presents design and analysis guideline for compact and high speed optical modulators us... more This book presents design and analysis guideline for compact and high speed optical modulators using electro-optic polymer-assisted hybrid plasmonic /silicon photonic technologies. Two types of modulators are addressed here for optical communication systems, binary ring modulator and 16-QAM Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). The theoretical predictions are supported by simulation results obtained using COMSOL and Optisystem software packages. The first part presents analysis and investigation of 1550 nm and 1310 nm ring optical modulators employing an electro-optic polymer infiltrated silicon-plasmonic hybrid phase shifter. The second part presents the design and investigation of 1550 nm 16-QAM optical modulator based on plasmonic-polymer hybrid slot waveguides. The design is CMOS-compatible and uses dual-parallel Mach- Zehnder modulator followed by a phase modulator.
This paper proposes a compact, plasmonic-based 4 × 4 nonblocking switch for optical networks. Thi... more This paper proposes a compact, plasmonic-based 4 × 4 nonblocking switch for optical networks. This device uses six 2 × 2 plasmonic Mach-Zehnder switch (MZS), whose arm waveguide is supported by a JRD1 polymer layer as a high electro-optic coefficient material. The 4 × 4 switch is designed in COMSOL environment for 1550 nm wavelength operation. The performance of the proposed switch outperforms those of conventional (nonplasmonic) counterparts. The designed switch yields a compact structure ( 500 × 70 µ m 2 ) having V π L = 12 V · µ m , 1.5 THz optical bandwidth, 7.7 dB insertion loss, and −26.5 dB crosstalk. The capability of the switch to route 8 × 40 Gbps WDM signal is demonstrated successfully.
In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach-Zehnder switch (MZS) based on me... more In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach-Zehnder switch (MZS) based on metal-polymer-silicon hybrid waveguide is presented. Adiabatic tapers are designed to couple the light between the plasmonic phase shifter, implemented in each of the MZS arms, and the 3-dB input/output directional couplers. For 6 µm-long hybrid plasmonic waveguide supported by JRD1 polymer (r 33 = 390 pm/V), a π-phase shift voltage of 2 V is obtained. The switch is designed for 1550 nm operation wavelength using COMSOL software and characterizes by 2.3 dB insertion loss, 9.9 fJ/bit power consumption, and 640 GHz operation bandwidth ARTICLE HISTORY
Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, 2016
This paper presents the design and investigation of 16-QAM optical modulator based on plasmonic-p... more This paper presents the design and investigation of 16-QAM optical modulator based on plasmonic-polymer hybrid slot waveguides. The design is CMOS-compatible and uses dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) followed by a phase modulator (PM). Careful consideration is given to design low loss photonic-plasmonic interfaces to ensure efficient coupling between silicon and plasmonic waveguide. The effect of slot widths on device performance is investigated comprehensively using COMSOL software simulation along with analytical analysis for both gold and silver contact. The results can be used as a guideline to design compact and high speed all-plasmonic 16-QAM modulators for 1550 nm wavelength communication systems.
In this research work, a simulator with time-domain visualizers and configurable parameters using... more In this research work, a simulator with time-domain visualizers and configurable parameters using a continuous time simulation approach with Matlab R2019a is presented for modeling and investigating the performance of optical fiber and free-space quantum channels as a part of a generic quantum key distribution system simulator. The modeled optical fiber quantum channel is characterized with a maximum allowable distance of 150 km with 0.2 dB/km at =1550nm. While, at =900nm and =830nm the attenuation values are 2 dB/km and 3 dB/km respectively. The modeled free space quantum channel is characterized at 0.1 dB/km at =860 nm with maximum allowable distance of 150 km also. The simulator was investigated in terms of the execution of the BB84 protocol based on polarizing encoding with consideration of the optical fiber and free-space quantum channel imperfections and losses by estimating the quantum bit error rate and final secure key. This work shows a general repeatable modeling process ...
In this paper, a new physical random number generator is built. The generation concept is based o... more In this paper, a new physical random number generator is built. The generation concept is based on the dark pulses thermally generated in single photon avalanche photodiodes operating in the Geiger mode. Results show that the proposed random number generator produced nearly 50% zeros and 50% ones, which could be considered an acceptable suited for quantum cryptography systems.
This paper presents comprehensive analysis and investigation for 1550nm and 1310nm ring optical m... more This paper presents comprehensive analysis and investigation for 1550nm and 1310nm ring optical modulators employing an electro-optic polymer infiltrated silicon-plasmonic hybrid phase shifter. The paper falls into two parts which introduce a theoretical modeling framework and performance assessment of these advanced modulators, respectively. In this part, analytical expressions are derived to characterize the coupling effect in the hybrid phase shifter, transmission function of the modulator, and modulator performance parameters. The results can be used as a guideline to design compact and wideband optical modulators using plasmonic technology.
This book presents design and analysis guideline for compact and high speed optical modulators us... more This book presents design and analysis guideline for compact and high speed optical modulators using electro-optic polymer-assisted hybrid plasmonic /silicon photonic technologies. Two types of modulators are addressed here for optical communication systems, binary ring modulator and 16-QAM Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). The theoretical predictions are supported by simulation results obtained using COMSOL and Optisystem software packages. The first part presents analysis and investigation of 1550 nm and 1310 nm ring optical modulators employing an electro-optic polymer infiltrated silicon-plasmonic hybrid phase shifter. The second part presents the design and investigation of 1550 nm 16-QAM optical modulator based on plasmonic-polymer hybrid slot waveguides. The design is CMOS-compatible and uses dual-parallel Mach- Zehnder modulator followed by a phase modulator.
This paper proposes a compact, plasmonic-based 4 × 4 nonblocking switch for optical networks. Thi... more This paper proposes a compact, plasmonic-based 4 × 4 nonblocking switch for optical networks. This device uses six 2 × 2 plasmonic Mach-Zehnder switch (MZS), whose arm waveguide is supported by a JRD1 polymer layer as a high electro-optic coefficient material. The 4 × 4 switch is designed in COMSOL environment for 1550 nm wavelength operation. The performance of the proposed switch outperforms those of conventional (nonplasmonic) counterparts. The designed switch yields a compact structure ( 500 × 70 µ m 2 ) having V π L = 12 V · µ m , 1.5 THz optical bandwidth, 7.7 dB insertion loss, and −26.5 dB crosstalk. The capability of the switch to route 8 × 40 Gbps WDM signal is demonstrated successfully.
In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach-Zehnder switch (MZS) based on me... more In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach-Zehnder switch (MZS) based on metal-polymer-silicon hybrid waveguide is presented. Adiabatic tapers are designed to couple the light between the plasmonic phase shifter, implemented in each of the MZS arms, and the 3-dB input/output directional couplers. For 6 µm-long hybrid plasmonic waveguide supported by JRD1 polymer (r 33 = 390 pm/V), a π-phase shift voltage of 2 V is obtained. The switch is designed for 1550 nm operation wavelength using COMSOL software and characterizes by 2.3 dB insertion loss, 9.9 fJ/bit power consumption, and 640 GHz operation bandwidth ARTICLE HISTORY
Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, 2016
This paper presents the design and investigation of 16-QAM optical modulator based on plasmonic-p... more This paper presents the design and investigation of 16-QAM optical modulator based on plasmonic-polymer hybrid slot waveguides. The design is CMOS-compatible and uses dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) followed by a phase modulator (PM). Careful consideration is given to design low loss photonic-plasmonic interfaces to ensure efficient coupling between silicon and plasmonic waveguide. The effect of slot widths on device performance is investigated comprehensively using COMSOL software simulation along with analytical analysis for both gold and silver contact. The results can be used as a guideline to design compact and high speed all-plasmonic 16-QAM modulators for 1550 nm wavelength communication systems.
In this research work, a simulator with time-domain visualizers and configurable parameters using... more In this research work, a simulator with time-domain visualizers and configurable parameters using a continuous time simulation approach with Matlab R2019a is presented for modeling and investigating the performance of optical fiber and free-space quantum channels as a part of a generic quantum key distribution system simulator. The modeled optical fiber quantum channel is characterized with a maximum allowable distance of 150 km with 0.2 dB/km at =1550nm. While, at =900nm and =830nm the attenuation values are 2 dB/km and 3 dB/km respectively. The modeled free space quantum channel is characterized at 0.1 dB/km at =860 nm with maximum allowable distance of 150 km also. The simulator was investigated in terms of the execution of the BB84 protocol based on polarizing encoding with consideration of the optical fiber and free-space quantum channel imperfections and losses by estimating the quantum bit error rate and final secure key. This work shows a general repeatable modeling process ...
In this paper, a new physical random number generator is built. The generation concept is based o... more In this paper, a new physical random number generator is built. The generation concept is based on the dark pulses thermally generated in single photon avalanche photodiodes operating in the Geiger mode. Results show that the proposed random number generator produced nearly 50% zeros and 50% ones, which could be considered an acceptable suited for quantum cryptography systems.
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Papers by Shelan Tawfeeq