20th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics, 2014
The main aim of the work was complex experimental measurements of microphysical, chemical, and op... more The main aim of the work was complex experimental measurements of microphysical, chemical, and optical parameters of aerosol particles in the surface air layer and free atmosphere. From the measurement data, the entire set of aerosol optical parameters was retrieved, required for radiation calculations. Three measurement runs were carried out in 2013 within the experiment: in spring, when the aerosol generation maximum is observed, in summer (July), when the altitude of the atmospheric boundary layer is the highest, and in the late summer – early autumn, when the second nucleation period is recorded. The following instruments were used in the experiment: diffusion aerosol spectrometers (DAS), GRIMM photoelectric counters, angle-scattering nephelometers, aethalometer, SP-9/6 sun photometer, СЕ 318 Sun-Sky radiometer (AERONET), MS-53 pyrheliometer, MS-802 pyranometer, ASP aureole photometer, SSP scanning photometer, TU-134 Optik flying laboratory, Siberian lidar station, stationary multiwave lidar complex LOZA-M, spectrophotometric complex for measuring total ozone and NO2, multivariable instrument for measuring atmospheric parameters, METEO-2 USM, 2.4 AEHP-2.4m station for satellite data receive. Results of numerical calculations of solar down-fluxes on the Earth’s surface were compared with the values measured in clear air in the summer periods in 2010—2012 in a background region of Siberian boreal zone. It was shown that the relative differences between model and experimental values of direct and total radiation do not exceed 1% and 3%, respectively, with accounting for instrumental errors and measurement error of atmospheric parameters. Thus, independent data on optical, meteorological, and microphysical atmospheric parameters allow mutual intercalibration and supplement and, hence, provide for qualitatively new data, which can explain physical nature of processes that form the vertical structure of the aerosol filed.
The lidar and sunphotometer investigations of atmospheric aerosol layers vertical structure and d... more The lidar and sunphotometer investigations of atmospheric aerosol layers vertical structure and dynamics have been carried out in Yakutsk (62N). Also the season and annual variations of the total atmospheric aerosol and water vapor concentration near Yakutsk have been carried out and the main features are developed. The atmosphere is cleaner on aerosol composition on fall and winter periods, but
In summer 2018 along the route of the 71st cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in the North At... more In summer 2018 along the route of the 71st cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in the North Atlantic we carried out the measurements of such atmospheric aerosol characteristics as aerosol optical depth, near-surface aerosol and black carbon concentrations, content of chemical elements in aerosol samples, and organic and elemental carbon, as well as the isotopic composition of black carbon. It is shown that the average values of most characteristics decrease severalfold during passage from the Baltic Sea to the North Atlantic (57°–60° N), and then to the Norwegian Sea. For instance, the average black carbon concentration decreased from 83 to 29 ng/m3. Episodic impact of continental aerosol was noted even in remote regions of ocean. Outflow of smokes from forest fires in the north of Canada to the region of measurements (southward of Greenland) had the strongest effect on aerosol characteristics. The average concentrations of chemical elements in aerosol composition over the North Atlantic were several times larger than in the Arctic region, and smaller than in the background region of Siberia.
Proceedings of IGARSS '93 - IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
A simple algorithm, based on the traditional long Bouguer's (Langley plot) method... more A simple algorithm, based on the traditional long Bouguer's (Langley plot) method, is proposed for calibration of the Sun photometer (SP) and evaluation its accuracy. It has been tested on two SP data sets, collected during 2 oceanic campaigns
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 2004
The paper presents validation results for the aerosol optical thickness derived by applying a two... more The paper presents validation results for the aerosol optical thickness derived by applying a two-channel retrieval algorithm to Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) radiance data. The satellite retrievals are compared with ship-borne sun-photometer results. The comparison of spatial and temporal statistics of the AVHRR results and the ship measurements shows a strong correlation. The satellite retrieval results obtained with the original algorithm for a wavelength of 0.55 m are systematically higher than the sun-photometer measurements in the cases of low aerosol loads. The ensemble averaged satellite-retrieved optical thickness overestimates the ensemble averaged sun-photometer data by about 11% with a random error of about 0.04. Increasing the diffuse component of the ocean surface reflectance from 0.002 to 0.004 in the AVHRR algorithm produces a better match, with the ensemble-averaged AVHRR-retrieved optical thickness differing by only about 3.6% from the sun-photometer truth and having a small offset of 0.03.
This paper considers spatiotemporal distribution and seasonal variability of aerosol optical dept... more This paper considers spatiotemporal distribution and seasonal variability of aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere at the 0.55 μm wavelength in the atmosphere over the Baikal region of Russia based on long-term data (2005–2019) from satellite observations (MODIS/AQUA). A comparison of satellite AOD values with the AERONET record at the Geophysical Observatory of Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Brunch of Russian Academy of Science was performed. The results show that interannual AOD variability is mainly due to forest fires. The highest atmospheric transparency was in 2010, 2013 and 2016, and the lowest was in 2008, 2012 and 2014. It is noted that AOD decreased with latitude with a gradient ΔAOD = 0.002 ÷ 0.001 per degree of latitude. The mean seasonal variations in AOD at the six satellite overpass points were characterized by spring (April) and summer (July) highs and low AOD values in autumn. From June to November, the drop in AOD monthly means was more ...
27th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics
A comparative analysis of measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmos... more A comparative analysis of measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol is carried out using two aethalometry methods: on the basis of collecting aerosol samples on filters and with the use of aethalometer. The two independent techniques for measuring the black carbon concentrations are shown to well agree: the cross-correlation coefficient is 0.87, the standard deviation is 17 ng/m 3 , and the systematic component is 0.65 ng/m 3 .
26th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics
We discuss the measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere and aerosol (NA) and... more We discuss the measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere and aerosol (NA) and black carbon (MBC) concentrations in 2018-2019 at two Arctic stations: Barentsburg (Archipelago Spitsbergen) and “Cape Baranov” (Archipelago Severnaya Zemlya). The average aerosol characteristics at “Cape Baranov” had been: AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.11, NA = 5.24 cm-3, MBC = 47 ng/m3 in 2019; and AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.07, MBC = 68 ng/m3 in 2018. The aerosol characteristics in Barentsburg, on the average, have larger values: AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.12, NA = 6.09 cm-3, MBC = 91 ng/m3 in 2019; and AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.087, NA = 6.54 cm-3, MBC = 109 ng/m3 in 2018.
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
We discuss the specific features of the spatial distribution of aerosol and black carbon concentr... more We discuss the specific features of the spatial distribution of aerosol and black carbon concentrations in the near-ground atmospheric layer, as well as of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean according to measurements in two marine expeditions in 2018. On the average, the spatial distribution shows aerosol characteristics, decreasing with the growing latitude (from the Baltic to Barents Sea), and comparably low characteristics over Arctic seas, from the Barents to Eastern Siberian Sea. The average aerosol characteristics over the Arctic Ocean were: 4.8 cm-3 for number concentrations of particles (with diameters of 0.4 – 10 μm), 40 ng/m3 for black carbon mass concentration, and 0.048 for AOD (0.5 μm). The largest characteristics were obtained in the south of the Barents Sea (near Scandinavia), with values 11 cm-3 for particle concentration, 310 ng/m3 for black carbon concentration, and 0.164 for AOD (0.5 μm).
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Results of multiyear expedition studies are used to create the updatable Database of atmospheric ... more Results of multiyear expedition studies are used to create the updatable Database of atmospheric aerosol characteristics in different regions of the World Ocean. The database summarizes the measurements onboard research vessels (47 expeditions over 30 years) of aerosol optical depth in the wavelength range of 0.34-2.14 μm, particle number concentration (0.4-10 μm), mass concentration of absorbing substance (black carbon), as well as the content of watersoluble ions and elements in aerosol.
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Based on multiyear (2004-2018) studies of atmospheric aerosol on the route of the Russian Antarct... more Based on multiyear (2004-2018) studies of atmospheric aerosol on the route of the Russian Antarctic expeditions (from English Channel to Antarctica), we analyze the specific features of interannual variations in aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere and aerosol and black carbon concentrations in four latitude zones of the Eastern Atlantic (25°N – 60°N, 20°N – 0°, 5°S – 33°S, and 40°S – 63°S). Data on interannual variability ranges of aerosol characteristics in different zones and trend estimates are presented.
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Results from preparatory stage of studying the seasonal and interannual variations in atmospheric... more Results from preparatory stage of studying the seasonal and interannual variations in atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) at two Arctic stations on the Spitsbergen Archipelago (Ny-Ålesund and Barentsburg) are presented. The first task in the preparatory stage was to identify and sort out suspect measurements of spectral AOD in multiyear time series of observations at the Ny-Ålesund station. The second task was to select an optimal method of estimating two AOD components, caused by attenuation of radiation by fine- and coarse-mode aerosol. Comparative analysis of application of four types of methods showed comparable results: average error of estimating two AOD components is less than 0.01.
24th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Based on multiyear studies in the Russian Antarctic Expeditions (51st-62nd RAE), we discuss the s... more Based on multiyear studies in the Russian Antarctic Expeditions (51st-62nd RAE), we discuss the specific features of the spatial distribution of atmospheric aerosol characteristics (aerosol optical depth and aerosol and black carbon concentrations) in the southern part of the World Ocean. It is shown that, with the growing separation (up to 170- 350 km) from Africa in the southern direction, a general regularity is a factor of 1.3-4.2 decrease in the average aerosol characteristics. At higher latitudes (40-55°S), the aerosol characteristics saturate to a quasi-constant level, followed by a decrease in the average values toward Antarctic coasts.
The results of measurements of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere carried out in 6... more The results of measurements of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere carried out in 66th and 67th cruises of RV “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh” (Kara and Barents Seas) and at Russian scientific center in Barentsburg (Svalbard) during polar summer of 2016 are analyzed. It is shown that the level of aerosol turbidity of the atmosphere was close to the long-term average data in arctic latitudes. The mean value of AOD(0.5 μm) obtained from shipborne measurements is 0.065±0.056 and analogous value in Barentsburg is 0.072±0.040. The smoke plumes of forest fires on the continent significantly affected the atmospheric turbidity during measurements. For example, the contribution of smoke aerosol in the mean value of AOD (0.5 μm) obtained onboard the ship is about 44%.
We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aero... more We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol over the seas of the North Atlantic and European sector of the Arctic Ocean (21 expeditions in 2007–2020). The black carbon concentrations were measured by an aethalometer and filter method. The comparison of the two variants of the measurements of the black carbon concentrations showed that the data acceptably agreed and can be used jointly. It is noted that the spatial distribution of black carbon over the ocean is formed under the influence of outflows of air masses from the direction of continents, where the main sources of emission of absorbing aerosol are concentrated. We analyzed the statistical characteristics of black carbon concentrations in five marine regions, differing by the outflows of continental aerosol. The largest black carbon content is a salient feature of the atmosphere of the North and Baltic Seas, surrounded by land: average values of concentrations are 210 ng...
Based on data of seven expeditions, we considered the specific features of the spatial distributi... more Based on data of seven expeditions, we considered the specific features of the spatial distribution of aerosol physicalchemical characteristics over Arctic seas in Russia. It is shown that the average aerosol and black carbon concentrations and aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere decrease by a factor of 2-2.5 in the direction from west to east. A more detailed analysis in the sectors of the Barents and Kara Seas revealed a tendency toward a decrease in aerosol characteristics in the northeast direction. We noted that the average ion concentrations in aerosol composition are close in value over the Barents and Kara Seas. Continental and maritime sources make nearly identical contributions to ion composition of aerosol over these seas.
20th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics, 2014
The main aim of the work was complex experimental measurements of microphysical, chemical, and op... more The main aim of the work was complex experimental measurements of microphysical, chemical, and optical parameters of aerosol particles in the surface air layer and free atmosphere. From the measurement data, the entire set of aerosol optical parameters was retrieved, required for radiation calculations. Three measurement runs were carried out in 2013 within the experiment: in spring, when the aerosol generation maximum is observed, in summer (July), when the altitude of the atmospheric boundary layer is the highest, and in the late summer – early autumn, when the second nucleation period is recorded. The following instruments were used in the experiment: diffusion aerosol spectrometers (DAS), GRIMM photoelectric counters, angle-scattering nephelometers, aethalometer, SP-9/6 sun photometer, СЕ 318 Sun-Sky radiometer (AERONET), MS-53 pyrheliometer, MS-802 pyranometer, ASP aureole photometer, SSP scanning photometer, TU-134 Optik flying laboratory, Siberian lidar station, stationary multiwave lidar complex LOZA-M, spectrophotometric complex for measuring total ozone and NO2, multivariable instrument for measuring atmospheric parameters, METEO-2 USM, 2.4 AEHP-2.4m station for satellite data receive. Results of numerical calculations of solar down-fluxes on the Earth’s surface were compared with the values measured in clear air in the summer periods in 2010—2012 in a background region of Siberian boreal zone. It was shown that the relative differences between model and experimental values of direct and total radiation do not exceed 1% and 3%, respectively, with accounting for instrumental errors and measurement error of atmospheric parameters. Thus, independent data on optical, meteorological, and microphysical atmospheric parameters allow mutual intercalibration and supplement and, hence, provide for qualitatively new data, which can explain physical nature of processes that form the vertical structure of the aerosol filed.
The lidar and sunphotometer investigations of atmospheric aerosol layers vertical structure and d... more The lidar and sunphotometer investigations of atmospheric aerosol layers vertical structure and dynamics have been carried out in Yakutsk (62N). Also the season and annual variations of the total atmospheric aerosol and water vapor concentration near Yakutsk have been carried out and the main features are developed. The atmosphere is cleaner on aerosol composition on fall and winter periods, but
In summer 2018 along the route of the 71st cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in the North At... more In summer 2018 along the route of the 71st cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in the North Atlantic we carried out the measurements of such atmospheric aerosol characteristics as aerosol optical depth, near-surface aerosol and black carbon concentrations, content of chemical elements in aerosol samples, and organic and elemental carbon, as well as the isotopic composition of black carbon. It is shown that the average values of most characteristics decrease severalfold during passage from the Baltic Sea to the North Atlantic (57°–60° N), and then to the Norwegian Sea. For instance, the average black carbon concentration decreased from 83 to 29 ng/m3. Episodic impact of continental aerosol was noted even in remote regions of ocean. Outflow of smokes from forest fires in the north of Canada to the region of measurements (southward of Greenland) had the strongest effect on aerosol characteristics. The average concentrations of chemical elements in aerosol composition over the North Atlantic were several times larger than in the Arctic region, and smaller than in the background region of Siberia.
Proceedings of IGARSS '93 - IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
A simple algorithm, based on the traditional long Bouguer's (Langley plot) method... more A simple algorithm, based on the traditional long Bouguer's (Langley plot) method, is proposed for calibration of the Sun photometer (SP) and evaluation its accuracy. It has been tested on two SP data sets, collected during 2 oceanic campaigns
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 2004
The paper presents validation results for the aerosol optical thickness derived by applying a two... more The paper presents validation results for the aerosol optical thickness derived by applying a two-channel retrieval algorithm to Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) radiance data. The satellite retrievals are compared with ship-borne sun-photometer results. The comparison of spatial and temporal statistics of the AVHRR results and the ship measurements shows a strong correlation. The satellite retrieval results obtained with the original algorithm for a wavelength of 0.55 m are systematically higher than the sun-photometer measurements in the cases of low aerosol loads. The ensemble averaged satellite-retrieved optical thickness overestimates the ensemble averaged sun-photometer data by about 11% with a random error of about 0.04. Increasing the diffuse component of the ocean surface reflectance from 0.002 to 0.004 in the AVHRR algorithm produces a better match, with the ensemble-averaged AVHRR-retrieved optical thickness differing by only about 3.6% from the sun-photometer truth and having a small offset of 0.03.
This paper considers spatiotemporal distribution and seasonal variability of aerosol optical dept... more This paper considers spatiotemporal distribution and seasonal variability of aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere at the 0.55 μm wavelength in the atmosphere over the Baikal region of Russia based on long-term data (2005–2019) from satellite observations (MODIS/AQUA). A comparison of satellite AOD values with the AERONET record at the Geophysical Observatory of Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Brunch of Russian Academy of Science was performed. The results show that interannual AOD variability is mainly due to forest fires. The highest atmospheric transparency was in 2010, 2013 and 2016, and the lowest was in 2008, 2012 and 2014. It is noted that AOD decreased with latitude with a gradient ΔAOD = 0.002 ÷ 0.001 per degree of latitude. The mean seasonal variations in AOD at the six satellite overpass points were characterized by spring (April) and summer (July) highs and low AOD values in autumn. From June to November, the drop in AOD monthly means was more ...
27th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics
A comparative analysis of measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmos... more A comparative analysis of measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol is carried out using two aethalometry methods: on the basis of collecting aerosol samples on filters and with the use of aethalometer. The two independent techniques for measuring the black carbon concentrations are shown to well agree: the cross-correlation coefficient is 0.87, the standard deviation is 17 ng/m 3 , and the systematic component is 0.65 ng/m 3 .
26th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics
We discuss the measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere and aerosol (NA) and... more We discuss the measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere and aerosol (NA) and black carbon (MBC) concentrations in 2018-2019 at two Arctic stations: Barentsburg (Archipelago Spitsbergen) and “Cape Baranov” (Archipelago Severnaya Zemlya). The average aerosol characteristics at “Cape Baranov” had been: AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.11, NA = 5.24 cm-3, MBC = 47 ng/m3 in 2019; and AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.07, MBC = 68 ng/m3 in 2018. The aerosol characteristics in Barentsburg, on the average, have larger values: AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.12, NA = 6.09 cm-3, MBC = 91 ng/m3 in 2019; and AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.087, NA = 6.54 cm-3, MBC = 109 ng/m3 in 2018.
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
We discuss the specific features of the spatial distribution of aerosol and black carbon concentr... more We discuss the specific features of the spatial distribution of aerosol and black carbon concentrations in the near-ground atmospheric layer, as well as of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean according to measurements in two marine expeditions in 2018. On the average, the spatial distribution shows aerosol characteristics, decreasing with the growing latitude (from the Baltic to Barents Sea), and comparably low characteristics over Arctic seas, from the Barents to Eastern Siberian Sea. The average aerosol characteristics over the Arctic Ocean were: 4.8 cm-3 for number concentrations of particles (with diameters of 0.4 – 10 μm), 40 ng/m3 for black carbon mass concentration, and 0.048 for AOD (0.5 μm). The largest characteristics were obtained in the south of the Barents Sea (near Scandinavia), with values 11 cm-3 for particle concentration, 310 ng/m3 for black carbon concentration, and 0.164 for AOD (0.5 μm).
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Results of multiyear expedition studies are used to create the updatable Database of atmospheric ... more Results of multiyear expedition studies are used to create the updatable Database of atmospheric aerosol characteristics in different regions of the World Ocean. The database summarizes the measurements onboard research vessels (47 expeditions over 30 years) of aerosol optical depth in the wavelength range of 0.34-2.14 μm, particle number concentration (0.4-10 μm), mass concentration of absorbing substance (black carbon), as well as the content of watersoluble ions and elements in aerosol.
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Based on multiyear (2004-2018) studies of atmospheric aerosol on the route of the Russian Antarct... more Based on multiyear (2004-2018) studies of atmospheric aerosol on the route of the Russian Antarctic expeditions (from English Channel to Antarctica), we analyze the specific features of interannual variations in aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere and aerosol and black carbon concentrations in four latitude zones of the Eastern Atlantic (25°N – 60°N, 20°N – 0°, 5°S – 33°S, and 40°S – 63°S). Data on interannual variability ranges of aerosol characteristics in different zones and trend estimates are presented.
25th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Results from preparatory stage of studying the seasonal and interannual variations in atmospheric... more Results from preparatory stage of studying the seasonal and interannual variations in atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) at two Arctic stations on the Spitsbergen Archipelago (Ny-Ålesund and Barentsburg) are presented. The first task in the preparatory stage was to identify and sort out suspect measurements of spectral AOD in multiyear time series of observations at the Ny-Ålesund station. The second task was to select an optimal method of estimating two AOD components, caused by attenuation of radiation by fine- and coarse-mode aerosol. Comparative analysis of application of four types of methods showed comparable results: average error of estimating two AOD components is less than 0.01.
24th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics
Based on multiyear studies in the Russian Antarctic Expeditions (51st-62nd RAE), we discuss the s... more Based on multiyear studies in the Russian Antarctic Expeditions (51st-62nd RAE), we discuss the specific features of the spatial distribution of atmospheric aerosol characteristics (aerosol optical depth and aerosol and black carbon concentrations) in the southern part of the World Ocean. It is shown that, with the growing separation (up to 170- 350 km) from Africa in the southern direction, a general regularity is a factor of 1.3-4.2 decrease in the average aerosol characteristics. At higher latitudes (40-55°S), the aerosol characteristics saturate to a quasi-constant level, followed by a decrease in the average values toward Antarctic coasts.
The results of measurements of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere carried out in 6... more The results of measurements of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere carried out in 66th and 67th cruises of RV “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh” (Kara and Barents Seas) and at Russian scientific center in Barentsburg (Svalbard) during polar summer of 2016 are analyzed. It is shown that the level of aerosol turbidity of the atmosphere was close to the long-term average data in arctic latitudes. The mean value of AOD(0.5 μm) obtained from shipborne measurements is 0.065±0.056 and analogous value in Barentsburg is 0.072±0.040. The smoke plumes of forest fires on the continent significantly affected the atmospheric turbidity during measurements. For example, the contribution of smoke aerosol in the mean value of AOD (0.5 μm) obtained onboard the ship is about 44%.
We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aero... more We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol over the seas of the North Atlantic and European sector of the Arctic Ocean (21 expeditions in 2007–2020). The black carbon concentrations were measured by an aethalometer and filter method. The comparison of the two variants of the measurements of the black carbon concentrations showed that the data acceptably agreed and can be used jointly. It is noted that the spatial distribution of black carbon over the ocean is formed under the influence of outflows of air masses from the direction of continents, where the main sources of emission of absorbing aerosol are concentrated. We analyzed the statistical characteristics of black carbon concentrations in five marine regions, differing by the outflows of continental aerosol. The largest black carbon content is a salient feature of the atmosphere of the North and Baltic Seas, surrounded by land: average values of concentrations are 210 ng...
Based on data of seven expeditions, we considered the specific features of the spatial distributi... more Based on data of seven expeditions, we considered the specific features of the spatial distribution of aerosol physicalchemical characteristics over Arctic seas in Russia. It is shown that the average aerosol and black carbon concentrations and aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere decrease by a factor of 2-2.5 in the direction from west to east. A more detailed analysis in the sectors of the Barents and Kara Seas revealed a tendency toward a decrease in aerosol characteristics in the northeast direction. We noted that the average ion concentrations in aerosol composition are close in value over the Barents and Kara Seas. Continental and maritime sources make nearly identical contributions to ion composition of aerosol over these seas.
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Papers by Sergey Sakerin