Th e paper presents the most common toxic substances used in malicious poisoning of dogs and cats... more Th e paper presents the most common toxic substances used in malicious poisoning of dogs and cats in the territory of the Republic of Serbia, mechanisms of their action, symptoms that occur in poisoned animals, antidote therapy and in the case of death, pathomorphological changes. Th e understanding of the mechanisms of toxic action of the most common substances used and the clinical symptoms in poisoned dogs and cats contribute to a faster diagnosis and the prompt suitable therapy application. Th e participation of forensic veterinarians in offi cial procedures prior to criminal proceedings is necessary, considering its importance in the recognition and prosecution of acts defi ned in Article 269 of the Criminal Code (Of
The European Union permitted 6 antimicrobial agents that can be used in laying hens. These are co... more The European Union permitted 6 antimicrobial agents that can be used in laying hens. These are colistin, tyrosine, neomycin, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, and erythromycin. Antimicrobial drugs are used today primarily for the prevention and treatment of diseases in poultry and often (not in the EU) to stimulate growth. Because these drugs are often used irrationally, there are good chances that their residues will be found not only in poultry meat but also in the eggs within a certain period after the termination of treatment. In addition to the administration of authorised VMPs, the residues in eggs can be the result of erroneously applied medicated food, the contamination of the food with some antimicrobial drug in the mixing unit, as well as ?extra-label? use of drugs in poultry. The antimicrobial agents are distributed in the body and deposited in the eggs, mainly in the yolk where they persist longer than in the albumen. Drugs that are poorly absorbed from the gastrointes...
Recovery of brain cholinesterases and effect on parameters of oxidative stres and apoptosis in qu... more Recovery of brain cholinesterases and effect on parameters of oxidative stres and apoptosis in quails (Coturnix japonica) after chlorpyrifos and vitamin B1 administration
BioTek reader. The obtained results were referenced to the standard curve. The diluted anti-NFB p... more BioTek reader. The obtained results were referenced to the standard curve. The diluted anti-NFB p-65 primary antibody (Chemicon Internationatl Inc., USA), the biotinylated antibody (Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.) and the Novostain Super ABC Reagent solution (Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.) were applied to microscopic slides according to the procedure (using the cell culture). The DAB solution (0.1% DAB solution in 0.1 M Tris buffer containing 0.02% H 2 O 2) (Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.) was used to stain microscopic slides, which allowed to determine the percentage of cells with positively stained nucleus and determine the level of NF-B activity. Studies have shown that only a few tested fragrance oils do not stimulate A549 cells for the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-␣ and IL-6 and do not affect NF-B activation in the human lung cells line, so they are recommended for use in the innovative fragrance dispenser for vehicle interior refreshing.
Uvođenjem novog leka oklacitinib maleata u veterinarsku kliničku praksu napravljenje značajan pom... more Uvođenjem novog leka oklacitinib maleata u veterinarsku kliničku praksu napravljenje značajan pomak u lečenju alergijskog i kliničkih slučajeva atopijskog dermatitisa(posebno pratećeg svraba) kod pasa.U lečenju ovih bolesti do sada su se najčešće koristili glukokortikoidi, ciklosporin iantihistaminici. Pokazalo se da ciklosporin ima sličnu aktivnost kao i glukokortikoidi,dok je aktivnost antihistaminika slabija. Novi lek oklacitinib maleat ima antiinflamatornii antipruritični efekt sličan onom koji izazivaju glukokortikoidi i ciklosporin, alimu (za razliku od njih) efekt brže nastupa, što mu daje veliku prednost.Oklacitinib je imunomodulator i ima specifičan mehanizam delovanja. Deluje takošto inhibira aktivnost enzima janus kinaza (pre svega JAK1 i JAK3), od kojih zavisifunkcija proinflamatornih i pruritogenih citokina.Oklacitinib je prilično bezbedan lek, ukoliko se koristi u kraćem vremenskom periodui u preporučenim dozama.
This study is aimed at analysing biochemical and genetic endpoints of toxic effects after adminis... more This study is aimed at analysing biochemical and genetic endpoints of toxic effects after administration of adrenaline. For this purpose, the study was carried out on Wistar rats and three doses of adrenaline were used: 0.75 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, and 3 mg/kg body weight. To achieve these aims, we investigated the effects of adrenaline on catalase (CAT), Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite (NO2−), carbonyl groups (PCC), and nitrotyrosine (3-NT). Total activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), its relative distribution (LDH1–LDH5) activity, level of acute phase proteins (APPs), and genotoxic effect were also evaluated. The obtained results revealed that all doses of adrenaline induced a significant rise in CAT activity, MDA level, PCC, NO2−, and 3-NT and a significant decrease in SOD activity compared to control. Adrenaline exerted an increase in total activity of LDH, LDH1, and LDH2isoenzymes. Further study showed that adrenaline significantly decreased serum...
S219 organophosphate poisoning (AOP) and to compare with antidote treatment. Methods: Twenty rabb... more S219 organophosphate poisoning (AOP) and to compare with antidote treatment. Methods: Twenty rabbits were divided into as sham (n = 8), PAM-atropine (n = 6), and CoQ10 groups (n = 6). The blood samples were taken from each test subjects to measure plasma and erythrocyte CE, NO, and MDA values before toxicity. 50 mg/kg DDVP were given by orogastric tube to all subjects. After toxicity, venous blood samples were taken to establish same parameters in the 1st, 12th and 24th hours. The test subjects in the PAM-atropine and CoQ10 groups were given atropine and PAM IV with repeated doses. Additionally, the subjects in the CoQ10 group received 50 mg CoQ10 by IV. The liver tissue samples were obtained in the 24th hour from all groups. Results: In 12th and 24th hours erythrocyte CE levels of CoQ10 group were higher from other groups. The erythrocyte MDA level of CoQ10 group was significantly lower than PAM-atropine group in 12th and 24th hours (p = 0.003). The liver tissue CE levels of CoQ10 group was considerably higher than Sham and PAM-atropine groups (p = 0.009, 0.002 respectively). The liver tissue MDA and NO levels of CoQ10 group was significantly lower than other groups (p = 0.002, 0.002, 0.002, 0.002 respectively). Conclusions: The treatment of AOP with CoQ10 plus PAM-atropine has a therapeutic effects on both erythrocyte and liver tissue lipid peroxidation and CE activity.
Ivermectin, the antiparasitic drug from the macrocyclic lactones class raises attention due to it... more Ivermectin, the antiparasitic drug from the macrocyclic lactones class raises attention due to its high efficiency against nematodes and arthropods and very specific toxic and side effects that it may produce in host. Dominant clinical symptoms of adverse effects and toxicity of ivermectin in animals are tremor, ataxia, CNS depression and coma which often results in mortality. In our study increasing intravenous doses of ivermectin, (6 or more times higher than therapeutic dose: 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5.0, 6.25 and 7.5 mg/kg), caused dose-dependent disturbance of motor coordination in treated rats. The median effective dose (ED50) that was able to impair the rota-rod performance in rats treated 3 min before testing was 2.52 mg/kg. This effect weakens over time, while in the rats treated 60 min before the rota-rod test, ED50 of ivermectin was 4.21 mg/kg. Whereas, all tested doses of ivermectin did not cause any other clinical symptoms of toxicity. Ivermectin has no effect on the contractions of isolated diaphragm caused by the EFS, which effectively blocked mecamylamine (100 μM) and pancuronium (1 and 2 μM). Effect on motor coordination is the first detectable clinical symptom of ivermectin toxicity and apparently is a result of its central effects.
The protective effect of bentonite (natural and synthetic) in oxidative stress induced by paraqua... more The protective effect of bentonite (natural and synthetic) in oxidative stress induced by paraquat was studied on 32 adult male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups (n=8). The first group received only paraquat p.o. (via a gastric tube). An hour after administration of paraquat, the second and the third group were treated with natural and synthetic bentonite, respectively, while the fourth group was untreated (control). All three experimental groups were treated once a day, throughout 8 consecutive days. Blood samples were taken 0, 1, 4, 6 and 8 days after the beginning of the treatment. Oxidative stress induced by paraquat was estimated by means of catalase activity (CAT-mmol/H 2 O 2 /min/g Hb) and malondialdehyde quantity (MDA-nmol/g Hb). Oxidative stress proved to be significant an hour and 192 hours after the beginning of chronic intoxication by paraquat. Both natural and synthetic bentonite expressed a protective action from oxidative stress in the period from 24 h to 144 h post application, acting through the external capacity of cationic exchange, which is known to be approximately 10%. The absorption of paraquat depends on the size of the molecule and its polarisation and is performed by the mechanisms of ion exchange (ionic and electrostatic interaction). Nevertheless, both absorbents developed a significant protective effect (approximately 50 %) 1 h and 192 h after the first application of paraquat, indicating that these protectors act as molecular sieves and thus suppress the process of lipid peroxidation and the development of even more intensive oxidative stress.
Ispitivana je akaricidna efikasnost, podno{ljivost i bezbednost aktivnog sastojka eteri~nog ulja ... more Ispitivana je akaricidna efikasnost, podno{ljivost i bezbednost aktivnog sastojka eteri~nog ulja karanfili}a, eugenola, u le~enju {uge svinja i dobijeni rezultati su upore|eni sa rezultatima akaricidne efikasnosti, ve} du`e vreme kori{}enog sintetskog akaricida permetrina. Jednokratno primenjen permetrin u obliku rastvora koncentracije od 1% pokazao je maksimalnu efikasnost od 62,5%, a posle trokratne aplikacije od 75,0% u le~enju sarkoptes {uge svinja. Jednokratno primenjen eugenol u obliku rastvora koncentracije od 10% imao je maksimalnu efikasnost od 75,0%, a trokratno primenjen od 100,0% u suzbijanju Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. Jednokratno primenjen rastvor eugenola u koncentraciji od 20% pokazao je najve}u efikasnost od 87,5%, a trokratno primenjen od 100,0% u suzbijanju sa Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. Najbolja efikasnost u le~enju sarkoptes {uge svinja je postignuta trokratnom primenom eugenola u koncentraciji od 20%. Ovaj maksimalni efekat (100,0%) dobijen je ve} posle drugog tretmana. Eugenol u koncentraciji od 10% bio je bezbedan za lokalnu primenu na ko`i, jer ne prouzrokuje bilo kakve ne`eljene reakcije, dok u koncentraciji od 20% kod manjeg broja tretiranih`ivotinja izazivao je iritaciju pra}enu prolaznim crvenilom i uznemireno{}u. Rezultati uporednih ispitivanja akaricidne efikasnosti permetrina i eugenola ukazuju da postoji rezistencija Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis na permetrin. Biocid eugenol sa sig-urno{}u mo`e da se preporu~i u le~enju sarkoptes {uge svinja.
Background/Aim. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are used extensively worldwide in agriculture an... more Background/Aim. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are used extensively worldwide in agriculture and forestry, and their application represents a major health problem for humans and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of the adaptation of an organism to the pro-longed administration of a low dose of diazinon. Methods. The study was conducted on a total of 60 male Wistar rats. The first 30 rats were divided into four equal diazinon groups (n = 6) and the control one (corn oil). Diazinon was orally administered once at doses: 200, 400, 600, 800 mg/kg (one dose ? one group). The concentration of glucose, the activity of ?-amylase and the relative activity of LDH1-LDH5 isoenzymes in the blood were measured 24 hours after the application. The remaining 30 rats were divided into two equal diazinon groups (n = 10) and the control one (corn oil). The first group was treated during 7 days, and the second during 14 days with 55 mg/kg of diazinon (1/10 of previously...
Density functional method with continuum solvation model is used for calculation of partition coe... more Density functional method with continuum solvation model is used for calculation of partition coefficient logKOW and determination of lipophilicity of 22 most frequently used organophosphate type pesticides. Excellent agreement with experimental data is obtained using three different density functional approximations (one local, one general gradient and one hybrid), and our result highlights DFT as a reliable and trustworthy method for calculation and of lipophilicity for this important class of molecules. Furthermore, calculated lipophilicity results are associated with experimentally determined LD50 and LC50 values, showing that the most toxic pesticides are these with transient characteristics (medium lipophilicity), although this concussion must be taken with a caution due to the many factors influencing the ingestion and action of a certain substance in the body beside lipophilicity.
Otkriće i uvođenje antimikrobnih lekova u kliničku praksu zabeleženo je kao jedno od najvećih dos... more Otkriće i uvođenje antimikrobnih lekova u kliničku praksu zabeleženo je kao jedno od najvećih dostignuća u istoriji razvoja medicine. Primenom ovih lekova, napravljen je veliki, gotovo revolucionarni preokret u lečenju brojnih infektivnih bolesti. Koliki je to značaj za čovečanstvo, najbolje govori podatak da je na stotine hiljada ljudi, do tada osuđeno na sigurnu smrt, sada bilo spašeno. Međutim, s vremenom se pokazalo da antimikrobna terapija nosi sa sobom i određeni rizik od moguće pojave neželjenih i toksičnih efekata, kao što su: direktno toksično delovanje, razvoj rezistencije, uticaj na normalnu mikrofloru ili poremećaj metaboličke funkcije mikropopulacije u digestivnom traktu preživara, neželjene interakcije sa drugim lekovima, oštećenje ili nekroza tkiva na injekcionom mestu, rezidue u namirnicama namenjenim za ishranu ljudi, supresija imunog sistema, odnosno odbrambenih mehanizama organizma, te oštećenje fetalnih ili neonatalnih tkiva. Svi oni na direktan ili indirektan način, u manjem ili većem stepenu mogu da umanje bezbednost primene ovih lekova. Ključne reči: antimikrobni lekovi, neželjeni i toksični efekti, bezbednost primene antimikrobnih lekova.
According to the Law on medicines and medicinal devices, veterinary drugs must be of high quality... more According to the Law on medicines and medicinal devices, veterinary drugs must be of high quality, efficacy and safety to be suitable for use on animals. However, there are numerous factors which can alter the intensity of drugs and their established therapeutic efficacy and safety. These factors may depend on the patients themselves i.e. animals (species, age, sex, physiological state, impaired functions of organs involved in the elimination of drugs, diseases of other organ systems, nutrition, genetic disorders, individual variations, tolerance etc.), veterinary surgeons (use of the drug which is not in accordance with the instructions - ?off-label use?, improper selection of a drug or drug combination intended for a certain animal species or pathological condition, inadequate drug administration route, inadequate drug dosage and duration of therapy) and the drug itself (inappropriate formulation, bioavailability, instability of formulation, diminishing drug action due to external...
Th e paper presents the most common toxic substances used in malicious poisoning of dogs and cats... more Th e paper presents the most common toxic substances used in malicious poisoning of dogs and cats in the territory of the Republic of Serbia, mechanisms of their action, symptoms that occur in poisoned animals, antidote therapy and in the case of death, pathomorphological changes. Th e understanding of the mechanisms of toxic action of the most common substances used and the clinical symptoms in poisoned dogs and cats contribute to a faster diagnosis and the prompt suitable therapy application. Th e participation of forensic veterinarians in offi cial procedures prior to criminal proceedings is necessary, considering its importance in the recognition and prosecution of acts defi ned in Article 269 of the Criminal Code (Of
The European Union permitted 6 antimicrobial agents that can be used in laying hens. These are co... more The European Union permitted 6 antimicrobial agents that can be used in laying hens. These are colistin, tyrosine, neomycin, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, and erythromycin. Antimicrobial drugs are used today primarily for the prevention and treatment of diseases in poultry and often (not in the EU) to stimulate growth. Because these drugs are often used irrationally, there are good chances that their residues will be found not only in poultry meat but also in the eggs within a certain period after the termination of treatment. In addition to the administration of authorised VMPs, the residues in eggs can be the result of erroneously applied medicated food, the contamination of the food with some antimicrobial drug in the mixing unit, as well as ?extra-label? use of drugs in poultry. The antimicrobial agents are distributed in the body and deposited in the eggs, mainly in the yolk where they persist longer than in the albumen. Drugs that are poorly absorbed from the gastrointes...
Recovery of brain cholinesterases and effect on parameters of oxidative stres and apoptosis in qu... more Recovery of brain cholinesterases and effect on parameters of oxidative stres and apoptosis in quails (Coturnix japonica) after chlorpyrifos and vitamin B1 administration
BioTek reader. The obtained results were referenced to the standard curve. The diluted anti-NFB p... more BioTek reader. The obtained results were referenced to the standard curve. The diluted anti-NFB p-65 primary antibody (Chemicon Internationatl Inc., USA), the biotinylated antibody (Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.) and the Novostain Super ABC Reagent solution (Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.) were applied to microscopic slides according to the procedure (using the cell culture). The DAB solution (0.1% DAB solution in 0.1 M Tris buffer containing 0.02% H 2 O 2) (Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.) was used to stain microscopic slides, which allowed to determine the percentage of cells with positively stained nucleus and determine the level of NF-B activity. Studies have shown that only a few tested fragrance oils do not stimulate A549 cells for the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-␣ and IL-6 and do not affect NF-B activation in the human lung cells line, so they are recommended for use in the innovative fragrance dispenser for vehicle interior refreshing.
Uvođenjem novog leka oklacitinib maleata u veterinarsku kliničku praksu napravljenje značajan pom... more Uvođenjem novog leka oklacitinib maleata u veterinarsku kliničku praksu napravljenje značajan pomak u lečenju alergijskog i kliničkih slučajeva atopijskog dermatitisa(posebno pratećeg svraba) kod pasa.U lečenju ovih bolesti do sada su se najčešće koristili glukokortikoidi, ciklosporin iantihistaminici. Pokazalo se da ciklosporin ima sličnu aktivnost kao i glukokortikoidi,dok je aktivnost antihistaminika slabija. Novi lek oklacitinib maleat ima antiinflamatornii antipruritični efekt sličan onom koji izazivaju glukokortikoidi i ciklosporin, alimu (za razliku od njih) efekt brže nastupa, što mu daje veliku prednost.Oklacitinib je imunomodulator i ima specifičan mehanizam delovanja. Deluje takošto inhibira aktivnost enzima janus kinaza (pre svega JAK1 i JAK3), od kojih zavisifunkcija proinflamatornih i pruritogenih citokina.Oklacitinib je prilično bezbedan lek, ukoliko se koristi u kraćem vremenskom periodui u preporučenim dozama.
This study is aimed at analysing biochemical and genetic endpoints of toxic effects after adminis... more This study is aimed at analysing biochemical and genetic endpoints of toxic effects after administration of adrenaline. For this purpose, the study was carried out on Wistar rats and three doses of adrenaline were used: 0.75 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, and 3 mg/kg body weight. To achieve these aims, we investigated the effects of adrenaline on catalase (CAT), Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite (NO2−), carbonyl groups (PCC), and nitrotyrosine (3-NT). Total activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), its relative distribution (LDH1–LDH5) activity, level of acute phase proteins (APPs), and genotoxic effect were also evaluated. The obtained results revealed that all doses of adrenaline induced a significant rise in CAT activity, MDA level, PCC, NO2−, and 3-NT and a significant decrease in SOD activity compared to control. Adrenaline exerted an increase in total activity of LDH, LDH1, and LDH2isoenzymes. Further study showed that adrenaline significantly decreased serum...
S219 organophosphate poisoning (AOP) and to compare with antidote treatment. Methods: Twenty rabb... more S219 organophosphate poisoning (AOP) and to compare with antidote treatment. Methods: Twenty rabbits were divided into as sham (n = 8), PAM-atropine (n = 6), and CoQ10 groups (n = 6). The blood samples were taken from each test subjects to measure plasma and erythrocyte CE, NO, and MDA values before toxicity. 50 mg/kg DDVP were given by orogastric tube to all subjects. After toxicity, venous blood samples were taken to establish same parameters in the 1st, 12th and 24th hours. The test subjects in the PAM-atropine and CoQ10 groups were given atropine and PAM IV with repeated doses. Additionally, the subjects in the CoQ10 group received 50 mg CoQ10 by IV. The liver tissue samples were obtained in the 24th hour from all groups. Results: In 12th and 24th hours erythrocyte CE levels of CoQ10 group were higher from other groups. The erythrocyte MDA level of CoQ10 group was significantly lower than PAM-atropine group in 12th and 24th hours (p = 0.003). The liver tissue CE levels of CoQ10 group was considerably higher than Sham and PAM-atropine groups (p = 0.009, 0.002 respectively). The liver tissue MDA and NO levels of CoQ10 group was significantly lower than other groups (p = 0.002, 0.002, 0.002, 0.002 respectively). Conclusions: The treatment of AOP with CoQ10 plus PAM-atropine has a therapeutic effects on both erythrocyte and liver tissue lipid peroxidation and CE activity.
Ivermectin, the antiparasitic drug from the macrocyclic lactones class raises attention due to it... more Ivermectin, the antiparasitic drug from the macrocyclic lactones class raises attention due to its high efficiency against nematodes and arthropods and very specific toxic and side effects that it may produce in host. Dominant clinical symptoms of adverse effects and toxicity of ivermectin in animals are tremor, ataxia, CNS depression and coma which often results in mortality. In our study increasing intravenous doses of ivermectin, (6 or more times higher than therapeutic dose: 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5.0, 6.25 and 7.5 mg/kg), caused dose-dependent disturbance of motor coordination in treated rats. The median effective dose (ED50) that was able to impair the rota-rod performance in rats treated 3 min before testing was 2.52 mg/kg. This effect weakens over time, while in the rats treated 60 min before the rota-rod test, ED50 of ivermectin was 4.21 mg/kg. Whereas, all tested doses of ivermectin did not cause any other clinical symptoms of toxicity. Ivermectin has no effect on the contractions of isolated diaphragm caused by the EFS, which effectively blocked mecamylamine (100 μM) and pancuronium (1 and 2 μM). Effect on motor coordination is the first detectable clinical symptom of ivermectin toxicity and apparently is a result of its central effects.
The protective effect of bentonite (natural and synthetic) in oxidative stress induced by paraqua... more The protective effect of bentonite (natural and synthetic) in oxidative stress induced by paraquat was studied on 32 adult male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups (n=8). The first group received only paraquat p.o. (via a gastric tube). An hour after administration of paraquat, the second and the third group were treated with natural and synthetic bentonite, respectively, while the fourth group was untreated (control). All three experimental groups were treated once a day, throughout 8 consecutive days. Blood samples were taken 0, 1, 4, 6 and 8 days after the beginning of the treatment. Oxidative stress induced by paraquat was estimated by means of catalase activity (CAT-mmol/H 2 O 2 /min/g Hb) and malondialdehyde quantity (MDA-nmol/g Hb). Oxidative stress proved to be significant an hour and 192 hours after the beginning of chronic intoxication by paraquat. Both natural and synthetic bentonite expressed a protective action from oxidative stress in the period from 24 h to 144 h post application, acting through the external capacity of cationic exchange, which is known to be approximately 10%. The absorption of paraquat depends on the size of the molecule and its polarisation and is performed by the mechanisms of ion exchange (ionic and electrostatic interaction). Nevertheless, both absorbents developed a significant protective effect (approximately 50 %) 1 h and 192 h after the first application of paraquat, indicating that these protectors act as molecular sieves and thus suppress the process of lipid peroxidation and the development of even more intensive oxidative stress.
Ispitivana je akaricidna efikasnost, podno{ljivost i bezbednost aktivnog sastojka eteri~nog ulja ... more Ispitivana je akaricidna efikasnost, podno{ljivost i bezbednost aktivnog sastojka eteri~nog ulja karanfili}a, eugenola, u le~enju {uge svinja i dobijeni rezultati su upore|eni sa rezultatima akaricidne efikasnosti, ve} du`e vreme kori{}enog sintetskog akaricida permetrina. Jednokratno primenjen permetrin u obliku rastvora koncentracije od 1% pokazao je maksimalnu efikasnost od 62,5%, a posle trokratne aplikacije od 75,0% u le~enju sarkoptes {uge svinja. Jednokratno primenjen eugenol u obliku rastvora koncentracije od 10% imao je maksimalnu efikasnost od 75,0%, a trokratno primenjen od 100,0% u suzbijanju Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. Jednokratno primenjen rastvor eugenola u koncentraciji od 20% pokazao je najve}u efikasnost od 87,5%, a trokratno primenjen od 100,0% u suzbijanju sa Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. Najbolja efikasnost u le~enju sarkoptes {uge svinja je postignuta trokratnom primenom eugenola u koncentraciji od 20%. Ovaj maksimalni efekat (100,0%) dobijen je ve} posle drugog tretmana. Eugenol u koncentraciji od 10% bio je bezbedan za lokalnu primenu na ko`i, jer ne prouzrokuje bilo kakve ne`eljene reakcije, dok u koncentraciji od 20% kod manjeg broja tretiranih`ivotinja izazivao je iritaciju pra}enu prolaznim crvenilom i uznemireno{}u. Rezultati uporednih ispitivanja akaricidne efikasnosti permetrina i eugenola ukazuju da postoji rezistencija Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis na permetrin. Biocid eugenol sa sig-urno{}u mo`e da se preporu~i u le~enju sarkoptes {uge svinja.
Background/Aim. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are used extensively worldwide in agriculture an... more Background/Aim. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are used extensively worldwide in agriculture and forestry, and their application represents a major health problem for humans and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of the adaptation of an organism to the pro-longed administration of a low dose of diazinon. Methods. The study was conducted on a total of 60 male Wistar rats. The first 30 rats were divided into four equal diazinon groups (n = 6) and the control one (corn oil). Diazinon was orally administered once at doses: 200, 400, 600, 800 mg/kg (one dose ? one group). The concentration of glucose, the activity of ?-amylase and the relative activity of LDH1-LDH5 isoenzymes in the blood were measured 24 hours after the application. The remaining 30 rats were divided into two equal diazinon groups (n = 10) and the control one (corn oil). The first group was treated during 7 days, and the second during 14 days with 55 mg/kg of diazinon (1/10 of previously...
Density functional method with continuum solvation model is used for calculation of partition coe... more Density functional method with continuum solvation model is used for calculation of partition coefficient logKOW and determination of lipophilicity of 22 most frequently used organophosphate type pesticides. Excellent agreement with experimental data is obtained using three different density functional approximations (one local, one general gradient and one hybrid), and our result highlights DFT as a reliable and trustworthy method for calculation and of lipophilicity for this important class of molecules. Furthermore, calculated lipophilicity results are associated with experimentally determined LD50 and LC50 values, showing that the most toxic pesticides are these with transient characteristics (medium lipophilicity), although this concussion must be taken with a caution due to the many factors influencing the ingestion and action of a certain substance in the body beside lipophilicity.
Otkriće i uvođenje antimikrobnih lekova u kliničku praksu zabeleženo je kao jedno od najvećih dos... more Otkriće i uvođenje antimikrobnih lekova u kliničku praksu zabeleženo je kao jedno od najvećih dostignuća u istoriji razvoja medicine. Primenom ovih lekova, napravljen je veliki, gotovo revolucionarni preokret u lečenju brojnih infektivnih bolesti. Koliki je to značaj za čovečanstvo, najbolje govori podatak da je na stotine hiljada ljudi, do tada osuđeno na sigurnu smrt, sada bilo spašeno. Međutim, s vremenom se pokazalo da antimikrobna terapija nosi sa sobom i određeni rizik od moguće pojave neželjenih i toksičnih efekata, kao što su: direktno toksično delovanje, razvoj rezistencije, uticaj na normalnu mikrofloru ili poremećaj metaboličke funkcije mikropopulacije u digestivnom traktu preživara, neželjene interakcije sa drugim lekovima, oštećenje ili nekroza tkiva na injekcionom mestu, rezidue u namirnicama namenjenim za ishranu ljudi, supresija imunog sistema, odnosno odbrambenih mehanizama organizma, te oštećenje fetalnih ili neonatalnih tkiva. Svi oni na direktan ili indirektan način, u manjem ili većem stepenu mogu da umanje bezbednost primene ovih lekova. Ključne reči: antimikrobni lekovi, neželjeni i toksični efekti, bezbednost primene antimikrobnih lekova.
According to the Law on medicines and medicinal devices, veterinary drugs must be of high quality... more According to the Law on medicines and medicinal devices, veterinary drugs must be of high quality, efficacy and safety to be suitable for use on animals. However, there are numerous factors which can alter the intensity of drugs and their established therapeutic efficacy and safety. These factors may depend on the patients themselves i.e. animals (species, age, sex, physiological state, impaired functions of organs involved in the elimination of drugs, diseases of other organ systems, nutrition, genetic disorders, individual variations, tolerance etc.), veterinary surgeons (use of the drug which is not in accordance with the instructions - ?off-label use?, improper selection of a drug or drug combination intended for a certain animal species or pathological condition, inadequate drug administration route, inadequate drug dosage and duration of therapy) and the drug itself (inappropriate formulation, bioavailability, instability of formulation, diminishing drug action due to external...
Uploads
Papers by Sasa Ivanovic