This paper proposes a general solution to deal with the problems faced in agriculture. Water is m... more This paper proposes a general solution to deal with the problems faced in agriculture. Water is main resource for Agriculture. Irrigation is one method to supply water but in some cases, there will be lot of water wastage.. The management of irrigation can be improved using automatic watering system. In this proposed system, we are using various sensors like temperature, humidity, soil moisture sensors that sense the various parameters of the soil. In addition, based on soil moisture value land is automatically irrigated by ON/OFF of the motor.. A system that will help a farmer to know his field status in his home or he may be residing in any part of the world 1. INTRODUCTION In the present era one of the greatest problems faced by the world is water scarcity and agriculture being a demanding occupation consumes plenty of water. Therefore a system is required that uses water judiciously. Smart irrigation systems estimate and measure diminution of existing plant moisture in order to ...
This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summarization... more This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summarization Track we introduced two major features. First, a feature based on Information Loss if we don’t pick a particular sentence. Second, a language modeling extension that boosts novel terms and penalizes stale terms. During our post-TAC analysis we observed that a simple sentence position based summarizer leads to better short summaries than most official runs submitted this year. In the Opinion QA and Summarization Track for the rigid list questions, we have added some additional features to handle opinion expressed in the question. and for the squishy list questions in Opinion QA and Summarization Track, we leveraged on our existing Summarization engine and used a classification based approach to both finding opinionated sentences and also the polarity of the opinions. Finally, for the RTE track we explored a simple graph partition matching based approach.
Ocimum sanctum is an annual herb belonging to the mint family with 150 varieties worldwide. Ocimu... more Ocimum sanctum is an annual herb belonging to the mint family with 150 varieties worldwide. Ocimum sanctum emits a spicy scent when bruised. It is believed to purify expectorants, and called the “wonder herb”. Tulsi is pungent and bitter in taste, pungent in the post digestive effect and has hot potency. The roots, leaves and seeds of Tulsi possess several medicinal properties. Ayurvedic texts categorise Tulsi as stimulant, aromatic and antipyretic. It has a variety of biological / pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti protozoal, anti malarial, anthelmentic, anti diarrhoeal, analgesic, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, anti allergic, antihypertensive, cardio protective, central nervous system (CNS) depressant, memory enhancer, antihyper-cholesterolaemic, hepatoprotective, anti diabetic, anti asthmatic, anti thyroidic, antioxidant, anticancer, chemopreventive, radio protective, immunomodulatory, anti fertility, antiulcer, anti arthr...
People collect images and videos from a wide range of the undersea world. Waterproof cameras have... more People collect images and videos from a wide range of the undersea world. Waterproof cameras have become popular, allowing people to easily record underwater creatures while snorkelling and diving. These images or videos often suffer from color distortion and low contrast due to the propagated light attenuation with distance from the camera, primarily resulting from absorption and scattering effects. Therefore, it is desirable to develop an underwater scene depth more accurately. Experimental results on restoring real and synthesized underwater images demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other IFM-based underwater image restoration methods.
International Journal For Science Technology And Engineering, 2017
This experiment was conducted to investigate the properties of Bacterial concrete for constructio... more This experiment was conducted to investigate the properties of Bacterial concrete for constructional purposes. In addition to concrete, bacteria named BACILLUS SUBTILIS (along with its nutrients) are added to attain more strength than conventional concrete and to improve properties of concrete. Aim of the study is to test and analyse compressive strength of concrete cubes, optimum dosage of bacteria used and to study properties of cracked specimens by introducing Bacillus Subtilis, which is ureolytic, gram positive (spore forming bacteria), and facultative aerobic. Mechanism: Bacteria converts Calcium (which is present in concrete) as Lime in the presence of oxygen and moisture content. From above mechanism, we analysed that strength of concrete cubes increases, and cracks are healed by itself i.e., it has a self-healing property due to incorporation of bacillus species.
Although texture is important for many vision-related tasks, it is not used in most salience mode... more Although texture is important for many vision-related tasks, it is not used in most salience models. As a consequence, there are images where all existing salience algorithms fail. We introduce a novel set of texture features built on top of a fast model of complex cells in striate cortex, i.e., visual area V1. The texture at each position is characterised by the two-dimensional local power spectrum obtained from Gabor filters which are tuned to many scales and orientations. We then apply a parametric model and describe the local spectrum by the combination of two one-dimensional Gaussian approximations: the scale and orientation distributions. The scale distribution indicates whether the texture has a dominant frequency and what frequency it is. Likewise, the orientation distribution attests the degree of anisotropy. We evaluate the features in combination with the state-of-the-art VOCUS2 salience algorithm. We found that using our novel texture features in addition to colour improves AUC by 3.8% on the PASCAL-S dataset when compared to the colour-only baseline, and by 62% on a novel texture-based dataset.
2016 Second International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Communication Technology (CICT), 2016
The ever increasing demand for energy and rapid raise in global pollution levels has driven the e... more The ever increasing demand for energy and rapid raise in global pollution levels has driven the energy generating sectors towards the search for more sustainable and eco-friendly methods to generate it. Solar energy is the best potential candidate to drive the global energy demand as well as to curb the pollution levels in earth. The photo voltaic and solar thermal systems are the widely developed present technologies to extract the solar energy for the use of mankind. The photo voltaic systems are widely employed around the world due to its capability of converting the available solar energy into the electrical energy which is the most flexible energy available currently on earth. But the commercial adoption of photo voltaic systems on a wide scale is still dented by the limitation of their lower efficiencies. Hence the methods for improvement in efficiency is on focus to improve the economics of these systems. Apart from the power enhancement (for improving the efficiency), other parameters like open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor are also important to consider in the technical point of view viz., for inverter & inter connection with grid systems, performance assessment. In this present work the variation in the above mentioned parameters with the provision of V-trough concentrator arrangement for a module under consideration along with back surface cooling provision is analyzed through the day. Fill factor and efficiency variations were simulated and presented along with practical results.
2016 IEEE Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS), 2016
Ever increasing energy requirements and rising emission levels have been driving the electricity ... more Ever increasing energy requirements and rising emission levels have been driving the electricity sector towards more sustainable and eco-friendly methods of power generation. Efficiency improvement of photovoltaic (PV) cell through every possible method is in focus to improve the energy economics of solar PV technology. Concentrated solar PV systems are one of the contenders for high efficiency solar PV systems. However, along with power enhancement, other parameters like open circuit voltage, short circuit current and fill factor of the solar cells that are used in the module are subjected to variation with concentrated solar PV systems. For an inverter, along with power input, the maximum voltage and current inputs are equally important for effective operation. The variation of these parameters in non-linear fashion makes mathematical modelling difficult and complex. Therefore, in the present experiment, variations in voltage, current, fill factor and module temperatures are examined using V-Trough concentrating system. From the experimental results, the actual voltage dependence on temperature and intensity is found to be more compared to the theoretical estimation. Interesting variation of photovoltaic current of concentrated module has been observed during evening times. Fill factor and thermal parameter variations like front and back surface temperature with concentration are simulated and presented along with practical results.
We present a novel saliency mechanism based on texture. Local texture at each pixel is characteri... more We present a novel saliency mechanism based on texture. Local texture at each pixel is characterised by the 2D spectrum obtained from oriented Gabor filters. We then apply a parametric model and describe the texture at each pixel by a combination of two 1D Gaussian approximations. This results in a simple model which consists of only four parameters. These four parameters are then used as feature channels and standard Difference-of-Gaussian blob detection is applied in order to detect salient areas in the image, similar to the Itti and Koch model. Finally, a diffusion process is used to sharpen the resulting regions. Evaluation on a large saliency dataset shows a significant improvement of our method over the baseline Itti and Koch model.
Human-robot interaction is an interdisciplinary research area that is becoming more and more rele... more Human-robot interaction is an interdisciplinary research area that is becoming more and more relevant as robots start to enter our homes, workplaces, schools, etc. In order to navigate safely among us, robots must be able to understand human behavior, to communicate, and to interpret instructions from humans, either by recognizing their speech or by understanding their body movements and gestures. We present a biologically inspired vision system for human-robot interaction which integrates several components: visual saliency, stereo vision, face and hand detection and gesture recognition. Visual saliency is computed using color, motion and disparity. Both the stereo vision and gesture recognition components are based on keypoints coded by means of cortical V1 simple, complex and end-stopped cells. Hand and face detection is achieved by using a linear SVM classifier. The system was tested on a child-sized robot.
ABSTRACT Cr-diffused cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films with different Cr content were prepared ... more ABSTRACT Cr-diffused cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films with different Cr content were prepared using electron beam evaporation method at a substrate temperature of 373 K followed by annealing at 573 K. The structures, composition, chemical and magnetic properties of the prepared films were studied using appropriate techniques. The X-ray diffraction spectra showed a predominant (1 1 1) reflection corresponding to the zinc blende structure of CdTe. Increase of lattice parameter with increase in Cr content has been observed. The cross-sectional HRSEM images displayed a columnar grain growth in the films. EDAX data exposed the presence of Cr, Cd and Te with near stoichiometry. The Raman spectra revealed emission peaks corresponding to A1, TO and LO modes of CdTe showing gradual shift in peak position and decreased intensity confirming the incorporation of Cr into CdTe host lattice. M–H plots displayed a clear well-defined room temperature ferromagnetic hysteresis loop with increase in Cr content.
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web, 2010
In this paper, we present a two-step language-independent spelling suggestion system. In the firs... more In this paper, we present a two-step language-independent spelling suggestion system. In the first step, candidate suggestions are generated using an Information Retrieval(IR) approach. In step two, candidate suggestions are re-ranked using a new string similarity measure that uses the length of the longest common substrings occurring at the beginning and end of the words. We obtained very impressive results by reranking candidate suggestions using the new similarity measure. The accuracy of first suggestion is 92.3%, 90.0% and 83.5% for Dutch, Danish and Bulgarian language datasets respectively.
We report room temperature ferromagnetism in Ni doped CeO 2 nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction... more We report room temperature ferromagnetism in Ni doped CeO 2 nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and dc magnetization measurements. Nanoparticles of Ce 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) were prepared by using a co-precipitation method. XRD measurements indicate that all samples exhibit single phase nature with cubic structure and ruled out the presence of any secondary phase. Lattice parameters, strain and particle size calculated from XRD data have been found to decrease with increase in Ni doping. Inter-planner distance measured from HR-TEM images for different Ni doped samples indicate that Ni ions are substituting Ce ions in CeO 2 matrix. Magnetization measurements performed at room temperature display weak ferromagnetic behavior of Ce 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) nanoparticles. Magnetic moment calculated from magnetic hysteresis loop was found to increases with Ni doping up to 7% and then start decreasing with further doping.
This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summa- rizati... more This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summa- rization Track we introduced two major fea- tures. First, a feature based on Information Loss if we don't pick a particular sentence. Sec- ond, a language modeling extension that boosts novel terms and penalizes stale terms. Dur- ing our post-TAC analysis we observed that
Abstract We report here the effects of substrate temperature on the orientation and surface morph... more Abstract We report here the effects of substrate temperature on the orientation and surface morphology of 100 nm thick gold films, using scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The gold films were deposited using molecular beam epitaxy technique onto Si(1 1 1) 7 × 7 substrates. Ex situ characterizations are performed using scanning tunneling microscope at room temperature. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the (1 1 1) orientation of the film deposited at 580 °C. We present data showing the evolution of the RMS roughness amplitude of the gold films as a function of substrate temperature during deposition. For our purposes, the best compromise between roughness and grain size is found to occur for a substrate temperature maintained at 580 °C.
This paper proposes a general solution to deal with the problems faced in agriculture. Water is m... more This paper proposes a general solution to deal with the problems faced in agriculture. Water is main resource for Agriculture. Irrigation is one method to supply water but in some cases, there will be lot of water wastage.. The management of irrigation can be improved using automatic watering system. In this proposed system, we are using various sensors like temperature, humidity, soil moisture sensors that sense the various parameters of the soil. In addition, based on soil moisture value land is automatically irrigated by ON/OFF of the motor.. A system that will help a farmer to know his field status in his home or he may be residing in any part of the world 1. INTRODUCTION In the present era one of the greatest problems faced by the world is water scarcity and agriculture being a demanding occupation consumes plenty of water. Therefore a system is required that uses water judiciously. Smart irrigation systems estimate and measure diminution of existing plant moisture in order to ...
This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summarization... more This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summarization Track we introduced two major features. First, a feature based on Information Loss if we don’t pick a particular sentence. Second, a language modeling extension that boosts novel terms and penalizes stale terms. During our post-TAC analysis we observed that a simple sentence position based summarizer leads to better short summaries than most official runs submitted this year. In the Opinion QA and Summarization Track for the rigid list questions, we have added some additional features to handle opinion expressed in the question. and for the squishy list questions in Opinion QA and Summarization Track, we leveraged on our existing Summarization engine and used a classification based approach to both finding opinionated sentences and also the polarity of the opinions. Finally, for the RTE track we explored a simple graph partition matching based approach.
Ocimum sanctum is an annual herb belonging to the mint family with 150 varieties worldwide. Ocimu... more Ocimum sanctum is an annual herb belonging to the mint family with 150 varieties worldwide. Ocimum sanctum emits a spicy scent when bruised. It is believed to purify expectorants, and called the “wonder herb”. Tulsi is pungent and bitter in taste, pungent in the post digestive effect and has hot potency. The roots, leaves and seeds of Tulsi possess several medicinal properties. Ayurvedic texts categorise Tulsi as stimulant, aromatic and antipyretic. It has a variety of biological / pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti protozoal, anti malarial, anthelmentic, anti diarrhoeal, analgesic, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, anti allergic, antihypertensive, cardio protective, central nervous system (CNS) depressant, memory enhancer, antihyper-cholesterolaemic, hepatoprotective, anti diabetic, anti asthmatic, anti thyroidic, antioxidant, anticancer, chemopreventive, radio protective, immunomodulatory, anti fertility, antiulcer, anti arthr...
People collect images and videos from a wide range of the undersea world. Waterproof cameras have... more People collect images and videos from a wide range of the undersea world. Waterproof cameras have become popular, allowing people to easily record underwater creatures while snorkelling and diving. These images or videos often suffer from color distortion and low contrast due to the propagated light attenuation with distance from the camera, primarily resulting from absorption and scattering effects. Therefore, it is desirable to develop an underwater scene depth more accurately. Experimental results on restoring real and synthesized underwater images demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other IFM-based underwater image restoration methods.
International Journal For Science Technology And Engineering, 2017
This experiment was conducted to investigate the properties of Bacterial concrete for constructio... more This experiment was conducted to investigate the properties of Bacterial concrete for constructional purposes. In addition to concrete, bacteria named BACILLUS SUBTILIS (along with its nutrients) are added to attain more strength than conventional concrete and to improve properties of concrete. Aim of the study is to test and analyse compressive strength of concrete cubes, optimum dosage of bacteria used and to study properties of cracked specimens by introducing Bacillus Subtilis, which is ureolytic, gram positive (spore forming bacteria), and facultative aerobic. Mechanism: Bacteria converts Calcium (which is present in concrete) as Lime in the presence of oxygen and moisture content. From above mechanism, we analysed that strength of concrete cubes increases, and cracks are healed by itself i.e., it has a self-healing property due to incorporation of bacillus species.
Although texture is important for many vision-related tasks, it is not used in most salience mode... more Although texture is important for many vision-related tasks, it is not used in most salience models. As a consequence, there are images where all existing salience algorithms fail. We introduce a novel set of texture features built on top of a fast model of complex cells in striate cortex, i.e., visual area V1. The texture at each position is characterised by the two-dimensional local power spectrum obtained from Gabor filters which are tuned to many scales and orientations. We then apply a parametric model and describe the local spectrum by the combination of two one-dimensional Gaussian approximations: the scale and orientation distributions. The scale distribution indicates whether the texture has a dominant frequency and what frequency it is. Likewise, the orientation distribution attests the degree of anisotropy. We evaluate the features in combination with the state-of-the-art VOCUS2 salience algorithm. We found that using our novel texture features in addition to colour improves AUC by 3.8% on the PASCAL-S dataset when compared to the colour-only baseline, and by 62% on a novel texture-based dataset.
2016 Second International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Communication Technology (CICT), 2016
The ever increasing demand for energy and rapid raise in global pollution levels has driven the e... more The ever increasing demand for energy and rapid raise in global pollution levels has driven the energy generating sectors towards the search for more sustainable and eco-friendly methods to generate it. Solar energy is the best potential candidate to drive the global energy demand as well as to curb the pollution levels in earth. The photo voltaic and solar thermal systems are the widely developed present technologies to extract the solar energy for the use of mankind. The photo voltaic systems are widely employed around the world due to its capability of converting the available solar energy into the electrical energy which is the most flexible energy available currently on earth. But the commercial adoption of photo voltaic systems on a wide scale is still dented by the limitation of their lower efficiencies. Hence the methods for improvement in efficiency is on focus to improve the economics of these systems. Apart from the power enhancement (for improving the efficiency), other parameters like open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor are also important to consider in the technical point of view viz., for inverter & inter connection with grid systems, performance assessment. In this present work the variation in the above mentioned parameters with the provision of V-trough concentrator arrangement for a module under consideration along with back surface cooling provision is analyzed through the day. Fill factor and efficiency variations were simulated and presented along with practical results.
2016 IEEE Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS), 2016
Ever increasing energy requirements and rising emission levels have been driving the electricity ... more Ever increasing energy requirements and rising emission levels have been driving the electricity sector towards more sustainable and eco-friendly methods of power generation. Efficiency improvement of photovoltaic (PV) cell through every possible method is in focus to improve the energy economics of solar PV technology. Concentrated solar PV systems are one of the contenders for high efficiency solar PV systems. However, along with power enhancement, other parameters like open circuit voltage, short circuit current and fill factor of the solar cells that are used in the module are subjected to variation with concentrated solar PV systems. For an inverter, along with power input, the maximum voltage and current inputs are equally important for effective operation. The variation of these parameters in non-linear fashion makes mathematical modelling difficult and complex. Therefore, in the present experiment, variations in voltage, current, fill factor and module temperatures are examined using V-Trough concentrating system. From the experimental results, the actual voltage dependence on temperature and intensity is found to be more compared to the theoretical estimation. Interesting variation of photovoltaic current of concentrated module has been observed during evening times. Fill factor and thermal parameter variations like front and back surface temperature with concentration are simulated and presented along with practical results.
We present a novel saliency mechanism based on texture. Local texture at each pixel is characteri... more We present a novel saliency mechanism based on texture. Local texture at each pixel is characterised by the 2D spectrum obtained from oriented Gabor filters. We then apply a parametric model and describe the texture at each pixel by a combination of two 1D Gaussian approximations. This results in a simple model which consists of only four parameters. These four parameters are then used as feature channels and standard Difference-of-Gaussian blob detection is applied in order to detect salient areas in the image, similar to the Itti and Koch model. Finally, a diffusion process is used to sharpen the resulting regions. Evaluation on a large saliency dataset shows a significant improvement of our method over the baseline Itti and Koch model.
Human-robot interaction is an interdisciplinary research area that is becoming more and more rele... more Human-robot interaction is an interdisciplinary research area that is becoming more and more relevant as robots start to enter our homes, workplaces, schools, etc. In order to navigate safely among us, robots must be able to understand human behavior, to communicate, and to interpret instructions from humans, either by recognizing their speech or by understanding their body movements and gestures. We present a biologically inspired vision system for human-robot interaction which integrates several components: visual saliency, stereo vision, face and hand detection and gesture recognition. Visual saliency is computed using color, motion and disparity. Both the stereo vision and gesture recognition components are based on keypoints coded by means of cortical V1 simple, complex and end-stopped cells. Hand and face detection is achieved by using a linear SVM classifier. The system was tested on a child-sized robot.
ABSTRACT Cr-diffused cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films with different Cr content were prepared ... more ABSTRACT Cr-diffused cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films with different Cr content were prepared using electron beam evaporation method at a substrate temperature of 373 K followed by annealing at 573 K. The structures, composition, chemical and magnetic properties of the prepared films were studied using appropriate techniques. The X-ray diffraction spectra showed a predominant (1 1 1) reflection corresponding to the zinc blende structure of CdTe. Increase of lattice parameter with increase in Cr content has been observed. The cross-sectional HRSEM images displayed a columnar grain growth in the films. EDAX data exposed the presence of Cr, Cd and Te with near stoichiometry. The Raman spectra revealed emission peaks corresponding to A1, TO and LO modes of CdTe showing gradual shift in peak position and decreased intensity confirming the incorporation of Cr into CdTe host lattice. M–H plots displayed a clear well-defined room temperature ferromagnetic hysteresis loop with increase in Cr content.
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web, 2010
In this paper, we present a two-step language-independent spelling suggestion system. In the firs... more In this paper, we present a two-step language-independent spelling suggestion system. In the first step, candidate suggestions are generated using an Information Retrieval(IR) approach. In step two, candidate suggestions are re-ranked using a new string similarity measure that uses the length of the longest common substrings occurring at the beginning and end of the words. We obtained very impressive results by reranking candidate suggestions using the new similarity measure. The accuracy of first suggestion is 92.3%, 90.0% and 83.5% for Dutch, Danish and Bulgarian language datasets respectively.
We report room temperature ferromagnetism in Ni doped CeO 2 nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction... more We report room temperature ferromagnetism in Ni doped CeO 2 nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and dc magnetization measurements. Nanoparticles of Ce 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) were prepared by using a co-precipitation method. XRD measurements indicate that all samples exhibit single phase nature with cubic structure and ruled out the presence of any secondary phase. Lattice parameters, strain and particle size calculated from XRD data have been found to decrease with increase in Ni doping. Inter-planner distance measured from HR-TEM images for different Ni doped samples indicate that Ni ions are substituting Ce ions in CeO 2 matrix. Magnetization measurements performed at room temperature display weak ferromagnetic behavior of Ce 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) nanoparticles. Magnetic moment calculated from magnetic hysteresis loop was found to increases with Ni doping up to 7% and then start decreasing with further doping.
This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summa- rizati... more This paper describes our participation at TAC 2008 in all the three tracks. For the Summa- rization Track we introduced two major fea- tures. First, a feature based on Information Loss if we don't pick a particular sentence. Sec- ond, a language modeling extension that boosts novel terms and penalizes stale terms. Dur- ing our post-TAC analysis we observed that
Abstract We report here the effects of substrate temperature on the orientation and surface morph... more Abstract We report here the effects of substrate temperature on the orientation and surface morphology of 100 nm thick gold films, using scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The gold films were deposited using molecular beam epitaxy technique onto Si(1 1 1) 7 × 7 substrates. Ex situ characterizations are performed using scanning tunneling microscope at room temperature. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the (1 1 1) orientation of the film deposited at 580 °C. We present data showing the evolution of the RMS roughness amplitude of the gold films as a function of substrate temperature during deposition. For our purposes, the best compromise between roughness and grain size is found to occur for a substrate temperature maintained at 580 °C.
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Papers by Sai Krishna R