As mobile learning simultaneously employs both handheld computers and mobile telephones and other... more As mobile learning simultaneously employs both handheld computers and mobile telephones and other devices that draw on the same set of functionalities, it throws open the door for swift connection between learners and teachers. This study examined and articulated the impact of the application of mobile devices for teaching English vocabulary items to 123 Iranian semi-illiterates (70 female, and 53 male learners, aging 35-55) who passed the transition course, namely, the fifth grade in Iran's literacy movement organization centers of five counties around Isfahan. It was intended to see if the way of presenting materials and guidelines (formal vs. informal) through cell-phone would have any significant connection with their performance. To those ends, after five weeks learning of 36 new English vocabulary items in non-formal mode of delivery, they participated in a testing phase comprised of three sub-tests. The results showed that the succinct nature of today's short message service (SMS) texts allows for a more successful application of the informal style of language in the realm of teaching English to semi-illiterate citizens. It was also found that annotated materials led into the outperformance of the semi-illiterates.
A text messaging service, among other functions of mobile phones, allows mobile phone subscribers... more A text messaging service, among other functions of mobile phones, allows mobile phone subscribers to send and receive alphanumeric characters and emoticons. The discourse of the text messages characterizes a kind of interaction, mostly on the boundary between verbal and visual communication. Adopting Halliday's Socio-semiotic Model of Language, this study considered three register variables of filed, mode, and tenor in a text message corpus comprising 2440 text messages collected from 122 medical students at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences to investigate how the discourse of text message can be affected by the sociolinguistic dimensions of the context of language use. To that end, text messages were analyzed and categorized in term of the social interaction that constituted the content of the messages. The findings revealed that mobile phone text messaging is an asynchronous mode of communication which is characterized with particular register variables, and the...
The focus of this study was to explore the efficacy of mobile learning (m-learning) in the contex... more The focus of this study was to explore the efficacy of mobile learning (m-learning) in the context of teaching English vocabulary items to Iranian semi-illiterates in a traditional versus blended manner of content delivery. To that end, 60 semi-illiterate adults were randomly assigned to the traditional (G1) and the blended groups (G2) after their familiarity with English alphabet was assessed via English alphabet letter writing test. Then, they were taught 30 new English vocabularies in traditional (G1) and blended (G2) methods, with the vocabulary items in two forms of without annotation and with pictorial annotation presented to the second (blended) group. Following the teaching phase and at the end of the course, paper- and-pencil-based English Vocabulary Recognition and Recall (EVRR) tests were administered. The data were collected and then subjected to the appropriate statistical operations, that is, paired sample t-test. The t- test analysis indicated that blended group of se...
This study attempted to address the issue of how to incorporate formulaic sequences into English ... more This study attempted to address the issue of how to incorporate formulaic sequences into English forms of Islamic instructions through the medium of high-tech media. To this end, formulaic representation of Islamic culture-based materials, consisting of 90 vocabulary items similar to the words and phrases used in Islamic cultural settings. They were integrated with multimodal cell-phone delivery of cued and non-cued content accessed by 218 Iranian male and female high-school juniors at a pre-intermediary level of English language proficiency. The participants were placed into four different working memory (WM) ability groups, using visual and verbal WM tests, via the short message service (SMS) and multimedia messaging service (MMS) in 18 virtual didactic sessions. Upon treatment, after the end of each virtual session, they were formatively evaluated on their recognition and recall of L2 vocabulary through the mobile-assisted testing module (MATM). The results indicated that except ...
Game-based practicing of materials can be seen as a method of capturing an essence of reallife ex... more Game-based practicing of materials can be seen as a method of capturing an essence of reallife experience which is commonly missing in the conventional face-to-face classrooms. To serve the L2 learners' immediate communicative needs in wider classroom and societal contexts, this study sought to place L2 English learners within an interactional social framework through reinforcing their English language translation ability by drawing inspiration from the holy Qur'an verses that invite people to fulfill the affairs in consultation with each other. To that end, using 2 × 2 Latin Square, Qur'ānic verses were grafted onto the mobile game (m-game) of 'Xane Bazi' in the m-game-enhanced translation module of L2 pedagogy so as their English translations then to be practiced individually or collectively by 180 Iranian male and female college students majoring in Translation Studies during 18 sessions of an academic semester. For the purpose of collective translation practi...
Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 2020
This mixed-method study endeavored to solicit the perspectives of Iranian collegiate students pas... more This mixed-method study endeavored to solicit the perspectives of Iranian collegiate students passing the obligatory course of medical English through Navid Learning Management System and its acceptance during COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing Technology Acceptance Model, this study also sought to examine the possible effect gender, academic degree, instructional mode, and e-learning duration in LMS may have on the participants' attitudes. An online survey was employed to gather data from 78 Iranian students. Semi-structured interviews with ten participants were conducted as well to shed more light on the quantitative data regarding main advantages and disadvantages of medical English learning through Navid. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics along with inductive thematic analysis, respectively. Findings revealed that Iranian collegiate medical students viewed Navid as a comprehensive e-learning platform to be favorable in terms of its system/servic...
Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 2014
This study aimed at providing learners with an opportunity not only to bring together their core ... more This study aimed at providing learners with an opportunity not only to bring together their core and disciplinary knowledge to acquire major skills of learning English as a foreign language (EFL), and the intellectual challenge of these issues at the interface of media, language and religion, but also help the materials generators to produce suitable types of content to be delivered through the medium of mobile technology. Therefore, it sought to examine the new way of teaching EFL in the form of correspondence with respect to Iranian learners' native culture and language. For the purposes of this study, English was the target language for 680 Iranian students with pre-intermediate level of language proficiency whose native languages were Persian, Arabic, Georgian, and Turkish. This study took as its point of departure the existence of important differences between the two learning materials (off the shelf vs. Islamic culture) types; thus, applying the Qur'ānic criteria of i...
Today, teaching Language for Medical Purposes (LMP) in higher education is a highly demanding con... more Today, teaching Language for Medical Purposes (LMP) in higher education is a highly demanding conception of language pedagogy. LMP teaching and learning in real-life-like situations have plausible implications for using language in real-life healthcare settings. LMP skills can be considered a bridge between the instructional-learning context of medical higher education and therapeutic fields, enabling the students to keep their knowledge of tackling the emerging needs up to date (1). Parallel with the application of educational technology in medical higher education, the stakeholders’ interest in synthesizing the games is now revolving around the application of Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM) approach; in the light of this, LMP learning is not a vicarious experience (2). Games have long been recognized as a vehicle for both language learning and therapy; however, the makeup of the new generations of games as educational-therapeutic LMP activities still...
To direct m-game to be a possible didactic option for Iranian TVT (Technical Vocational Training)... more To direct m-game to be a possible didactic option for Iranian TVT (Technical Vocational Training) trainees, in this study m-game-mediated (Mobile Game-Mediated) materials delivery was incorporated into the conventional teaching method in the blended ESP reading skill platform. So, 52 male trainees fromTechnical and Vocational College of Isfahan were selected by convenience sampling. Afterwards, 48 trainees were defined as homogeneous using Englishtag Test to learn ESP in 16 triads under two different blended learning scenarios in 18 sessions in the academic year 2014-2015. While the first group of the trainees practiced in the blended learning situation with ready-made displaying device and materials, the second-group trainees practiced the same content through the medium of their own self-made PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) and materials; in this way, their learning performance assessed continuously in and outside the classroom. To employ tree-prong approach, interest survey and...
High penetrability of wireless, mobile, portable, and handheld devices has resulted in education ... more High penetrability of wireless, mobile, portable, and handheld devices has resulted in education for all as the mobile ’s challenge coincides with an unprecedented growth in access to pedagogical materials technology, particularly in developing countries (UNESCO Mobile Learning Week Report, 2011). The present study set out to discover how Muslim learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) are encouraged to think about and learn the Islamic instructions —as an integral part of their native culture —in TL by incorporating communicative skills through the pedagogically mediated application of cell-phone. The user groups of interest were 218 Iranian second-year male and female students of translation studies at Payame Noor University, from age range of 21-24, homogenized as upper-intermediate through conducting Nelson English language proficiency test, level 400 A. They were spread randomly across 109 dyads to learn technology-enhanced materials in 36 nonformal sessions. To equip th...
Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy of poo... more Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy of poor working memory (WM) in students through self-generated augmented-reality (AR) based flipped English for Medical Purposes (EMP) reading classes on quality of students' academic and professional lives. Materials and Methods: This complementarity study was conducted using the semi-experimental method with a cross-contextual (continuous and real-workplace) assessment design along with soliciting attitudes and debriefing perception in the very initial and final phases, respectively. In the academic year 2018, after determining the WM capacities of 210 students of medicine from Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran, they were randomly divided into seven heterogeneous groups with high visual and/or high verbal WM heads to practice EMP reading comprehension in 18 self-generated AR-based sessions; in each session, they were simultaneously assessed in both instructional-learning conte...
این پژوهش با هدف آموزش زبان انگلیسی از طریق فناوری ارتباطات سیار برای توانمندتر نمودن نوجوانان بر... more این پژوهش با هدف آموزش زبان انگلیسی از طریق فناوری ارتباطات سیار برای توانمندتر نمودن نوجوانان برای اشاعه فرهنگ اسلامی ایرانی انجام پذیرفت. این پژوهش از حیث هدف: کاربردی و حیث سطح تحلیل: توصیفی- استنباطی است. بدین منظور 280 نفر دانشآموزان دختر و پسر فارس، ترک و عربزبان ایرانی از رده سنی 14-16 سال و از طبقه متوسط جامعه با سطح مهارت زبانی مقدماتی با روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه بود که برای پایایی پرسشنامه نگـرش از روش همـاهنگی درونـی (آلفای کرونباخ) استفاده شد که ضریب پایایی 93/۰ را نشان داد که پایایی مناسبی بـود. جهت روایی پرسشنامه نگرش از روایی سازه استفاده شد. همچنین با الهام از دیدگاههای اندیشمندان و محققان ایرانی قدیمی و معاصر محتوای انگلیسی تدوین شد. شواهد آماری بیانگر تفاوت معنادار میان توزیع فراوانی فرایندهای کاربرد نشانها، ترجمه تحتاللفظی از زبان مادری، کمیت و کیفیت متن و تکرار در گونه فرهنگی محاورات دانشآموزان بههنگام ارائه محتوای غیربومی ایرانی و محتوای اسلامی ایرانی بود که درصد فراوانی در میان دانشآموزان دختر ترکزبان بهمراتب بالاتر...
International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020
With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19), the world has faced great challenge... more With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19), the world has faced great challenges. To date, no effective and instant cure has been discovered for the disease. Hygienic observation by the public seems indispensable to prevent the spread of the disease. Because of that, as to COVID‑19, three groups of individuals can be defined concerning hygiene information like this:
Recently, there has been a growing interest in the realm of gender-bound language. A myriad of st... more Recently, there has been a growing interest in the realm of gender-bound language. A myriad of studies in this area are devoted to different speech acts. To expand the scope of speech act studies, the present contribution highlights the gender differences in frequency of utilizing five most common gratitude expressions ranging from least affective to most affective in Persian language. To this aim, the data employed includes a corpus of 40 naturally-occurring gratitude exchanges, 20 for men and 20 for women of academic context, collected through giving participants a researcher-made 20 items questionnaire. The results revealed that there is a meaningful difference between men and women in using these gratitude expressions, in the way that, contrary to the men, women tend to use more
Mobile-game (m-game)-enhanced learning offers beneficiaries a modern and attractive window of opp... more Mobile-game (m-game)-enhanced learning offers beneficiaries a modern and attractive window of opportunity to practice and learn language skills and subskills. Through grafting m-games onto the blended module of second language (L2) vocabulary teaching, this study endeavored to help educators to see if an m-game-enhanced didactic platform is applicable for L2 teaching and assessment. One-hundred fifty two females and males from four classes at Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medicine were selected through purposive sampling to participate in this study. To embrace triangulation, data were aggregated via of formative and summative assessments of the participants' performance, attitude questionnaire, as well as a semi-structured interview. After participating in Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT), the participants answered the preresearch questionnaire. Afterwards, for a period of an 18-blended-session course, they were taught the materials by their instructors inside the classroom and th...
This study aimed at uncovering the extent to which individual and collaborative learning and prac... more This study aimed at uncovering the extent to which individual and collaborative learning and practicing English letter writing via short texting (SMS) affect Iranian students' English letter writing ability. Accordingly, 60 intermediate university students who managed to complete the second stage of a letter writing test (Hulteinus, 2010) were divided into two groups, collaborative and individual, to learn 30 English letter writing features in ten virtual sessions through the medium of short texting; that is, three new notes per session. Using SMS, the first group of learners, divided into 10 triple groups, received the didactic materials from educational center (i.e., intelligent server) and then learned and practiced them collaboratively, while the learners in the second group received the same content from the same channel, but practiced it individually. Finally, the students took part in a test of letter writing, namely, a battery composed of three subtests, the data of whic...
As mobile learning simultaneously employs both handheld computers and mobile telephones and other... more As mobile learning simultaneously employs both handheld computers and mobile telephones and other devices that draw on the same set of functionalities, it throws open the door for swift connection between learners and teachers. This study examined and articulated the impact of the application of mobile devices for teaching English vocabulary items to 123 Iranian semi-illiterates (70 female, and 53 male learners, aging 35-55) who passed the transition course, namely, the fifth grade in Iran's literacy movement organization centers of five counties around Isfahan. It was intended to see if the way of presenting materials and guidelines (formal vs. informal) through cell-phone would have any significant connection with their performance. To those ends, after five weeks learning of 36 new English vocabulary items in non-formal mode of delivery, they participated in a testing phase comprised of three sub-tests. The results showed that the succinct nature of today's short message service (SMS) texts allows for a more successful application of the informal style of language in the realm of teaching English to semi-illiterate citizens. It was also found that annotated materials led into the outperformance of the semi-illiterates.
A text messaging service, among other functions of mobile phones, allows mobile phone subscribers... more A text messaging service, among other functions of mobile phones, allows mobile phone subscribers to send and receive alphanumeric characters and emoticons. The discourse of the text messages characterizes a kind of interaction, mostly on the boundary between verbal and visual communication. Adopting Halliday's Socio-semiotic Model of Language, this study considered three register variables of filed, mode, and tenor in a text message corpus comprising 2440 text messages collected from 122 medical students at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences to investigate how the discourse of text message can be affected by the sociolinguistic dimensions of the context of language use. To that end, text messages were analyzed and categorized in term of the social interaction that constituted the content of the messages. The findings revealed that mobile phone text messaging is an asynchronous mode of communication which is characterized with particular register variables, and the...
The focus of this study was to explore the efficacy of mobile learning (m-learning) in the contex... more The focus of this study was to explore the efficacy of mobile learning (m-learning) in the context of teaching English vocabulary items to Iranian semi-illiterates in a traditional versus blended manner of content delivery. To that end, 60 semi-illiterate adults were randomly assigned to the traditional (G1) and the blended groups (G2) after their familiarity with English alphabet was assessed via English alphabet letter writing test. Then, they were taught 30 new English vocabularies in traditional (G1) and blended (G2) methods, with the vocabulary items in two forms of without annotation and with pictorial annotation presented to the second (blended) group. Following the teaching phase and at the end of the course, paper- and-pencil-based English Vocabulary Recognition and Recall (EVRR) tests were administered. The data were collected and then subjected to the appropriate statistical operations, that is, paired sample t-test. The t- test analysis indicated that blended group of se...
This study attempted to address the issue of how to incorporate formulaic sequences into English ... more This study attempted to address the issue of how to incorporate formulaic sequences into English forms of Islamic instructions through the medium of high-tech media. To this end, formulaic representation of Islamic culture-based materials, consisting of 90 vocabulary items similar to the words and phrases used in Islamic cultural settings. They were integrated with multimodal cell-phone delivery of cued and non-cued content accessed by 218 Iranian male and female high-school juniors at a pre-intermediary level of English language proficiency. The participants were placed into four different working memory (WM) ability groups, using visual and verbal WM tests, via the short message service (SMS) and multimedia messaging service (MMS) in 18 virtual didactic sessions. Upon treatment, after the end of each virtual session, they were formatively evaluated on their recognition and recall of L2 vocabulary through the mobile-assisted testing module (MATM). The results indicated that except ...
Game-based practicing of materials can be seen as a method of capturing an essence of reallife ex... more Game-based practicing of materials can be seen as a method of capturing an essence of reallife experience which is commonly missing in the conventional face-to-face classrooms. To serve the L2 learners' immediate communicative needs in wider classroom and societal contexts, this study sought to place L2 English learners within an interactional social framework through reinforcing their English language translation ability by drawing inspiration from the holy Qur'an verses that invite people to fulfill the affairs in consultation with each other. To that end, using 2 × 2 Latin Square, Qur'ānic verses were grafted onto the mobile game (m-game) of 'Xane Bazi' in the m-game-enhanced translation module of L2 pedagogy so as their English translations then to be practiced individually or collectively by 180 Iranian male and female college students majoring in Translation Studies during 18 sessions of an academic semester. For the purpose of collective translation practi...
Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 2020
This mixed-method study endeavored to solicit the perspectives of Iranian collegiate students pas... more This mixed-method study endeavored to solicit the perspectives of Iranian collegiate students passing the obligatory course of medical English through Navid Learning Management System and its acceptance during COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing Technology Acceptance Model, this study also sought to examine the possible effect gender, academic degree, instructional mode, and e-learning duration in LMS may have on the participants' attitudes. An online survey was employed to gather data from 78 Iranian students. Semi-structured interviews with ten participants were conducted as well to shed more light on the quantitative data regarding main advantages and disadvantages of medical English learning through Navid. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics along with inductive thematic analysis, respectively. Findings revealed that Iranian collegiate medical students viewed Navid as a comprehensive e-learning platform to be favorable in terms of its system/servic...
Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 2014
This study aimed at providing learners with an opportunity not only to bring together their core ... more This study aimed at providing learners with an opportunity not only to bring together their core and disciplinary knowledge to acquire major skills of learning English as a foreign language (EFL), and the intellectual challenge of these issues at the interface of media, language and religion, but also help the materials generators to produce suitable types of content to be delivered through the medium of mobile technology. Therefore, it sought to examine the new way of teaching EFL in the form of correspondence with respect to Iranian learners' native culture and language. For the purposes of this study, English was the target language for 680 Iranian students with pre-intermediate level of language proficiency whose native languages were Persian, Arabic, Georgian, and Turkish. This study took as its point of departure the existence of important differences between the two learning materials (off the shelf vs. Islamic culture) types; thus, applying the Qur'ānic criteria of i...
Today, teaching Language for Medical Purposes (LMP) in higher education is a highly demanding con... more Today, teaching Language for Medical Purposes (LMP) in higher education is a highly demanding conception of language pedagogy. LMP teaching and learning in real-life-like situations have plausible implications for using language in real-life healthcare settings. LMP skills can be considered a bridge between the instructional-learning context of medical higher education and therapeutic fields, enabling the students to keep their knowledge of tackling the emerging needs up to date (1). Parallel with the application of educational technology in medical higher education, the stakeholders’ interest in synthesizing the games is now revolving around the application of Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM) approach; in the light of this, LMP learning is not a vicarious experience (2). Games have long been recognized as a vehicle for both language learning and therapy; however, the makeup of the new generations of games as educational-therapeutic LMP activities still...
To direct m-game to be a possible didactic option for Iranian TVT (Technical Vocational Training)... more To direct m-game to be a possible didactic option for Iranian TVT (Technical Vocational Training) trainees, in this study m-game-mediated (Mobile Game-Mediated) materials delivery was incorporated into the conventional teaching method in the blended ESP reading skill platform. So, 52 male trainees fromTechnical and Vocational College of Isfahan were selected by convenience sampling. Afterwards, 48 trainees were defined as homogeneous using Englishtag Test to learn ESP in 16 triads under two different blended learning scenarios in 18 sessions in the academic year 2014-2015. While the first group of the trainees practiced in the blended learning situation with ready-made displaying device and materials, the second-group trainees practiced the same content through the medium of their own self-made PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) and materials; in this way, their learning performance assessed continuously in and outside the classroom. To employ tree-prong approach, interest survey and...
High penetrability of wireless, mobile, portable, and handheld devices has resulted in education ... more High penetrability of wireless, mobile, portable, and handheld devices has resulted in education for all as the mobile ’s challenge coincides with an unprecedented growth in access to pedagogical materials technology, particularly in developing countries (UNESCO Mobile Learning Week Report, 2011). The present study set out to discover how Muslim learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) are encouraged to think about and learn the Islamic instructions —as an integral part of their native culture —in TL by incorporating communicative skills through the pedagogically mediated application of cell-phone. The user groups of interest were 218 Iranian second-year male and female students of translation studies at Payame Noor University, from age range of 21-24, homogenized as upper-intermediate through conducting Nelson English language proficiency test, level 400 A. They were spread randomly across 109 dyads to learn technology-enhanced materials in 36 nonformal sessions. To equip th...
Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy of poo... more Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy of poor working memory (WM) in students through self-generated augmented-reality (AR) based flipped English for Medical Purposes (EMP) reading classes on quality of students' academic and professional lives. Materials and Methods: This complementarity study was conducted using the semi-experimental method with a cross-contextual (continuous and real-workplace) assessment design along with soliciting attitudes and debriefing perception in the very initial and final phases, respectively. In the academic year 2018, after determining the WM capacities of 210 students of medicine from Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran, they were randomly divided into seven heterogeneous groups with high visual and/or high verbal WM heads to practice EMP reading comprehension in 18 self-generated AR-based sessions; in each session, they were simultaneously assessed in both instructional-learning conte...
این پژوهش با هدف آموزش زبان انگلیسی از طریق فناوری ارتباطات سیار برای توانمندتر نمودن نوجوانان بر... more این پژوهش با هدف آموزش زبان انگلیسی از طریق فناوری ارتباطات سیار برای توانمندتر نمودن نوجوانان برای اشاعه فرهنگ اسلامی ایرانی انجام پذیرفت. این پژوهش از حیث هدف: کاربردی و حیث سطح تحلیل: توصیفی- استنباطی است. بدین منظور 280 نفر دانشآموزان دختر و پسر فارس، ترک و عربزبان ایرانی از رده سنی 14-16 سال و از طبقه متوسط جامعه با سطح مهارت زبانی مقدماتی با روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه بود که برای پایایی پرسشنامه نگـرش از روش همـاهنگی درونـی (آلفای کرونباخ) استفاده شد که ضریب پایایی 93/۰ را نشان داد که پایایی مناسبی بـود. جهت روایی پرسشنامه نگرش از روایی سازه استفاده شد. همچنین با الهام از دیدگاههای اندیشمندان و محققان ایرانی قدیمی و معاصر محتوای انگلیسی تدوین شد. شواهد آماری بیانگر تفاوت معنادار میان توزیع فراوانی فرایندهای کاربرد نشانها، ترجمه تحتاللفظی از زبان مادری، کمیت و کیفیت متن و تکرار در گونه فرهنگی محاورات دانشآموزان بههنگام ارائه محتوای غیربومی ایرانی و محتوای اسلامی ایرانی بود که درصد فراوانی در میان دانشآموزان دختر ترکزبان بهمراتب بالاتر...
International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020
With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19), the world has faced great challenge... more With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19), the world has faced great challenges. To date, no effective and instant cure has been discovered for the disease. Hygienic observation by the public seems indispensable to prevent the spread of the disease. Because of that, as to COVID‑19, three groups of individuals can be defined concerning hygiene information like this:
Recently, there has been a growing interest in the realm of gender-bound language. A myriad of st... more Recently, there has been a growing interest in the realm of gender-bound language. A myriad of studies in this area are devoted to different speech acts. To expand the scope of speech act studies, the present contribution highlights the gender differences in frequency of utilizing five most common gratitude expressions ranging from least affective to most affective in Persian language. To this aim, the data employed includes a corpus of 40 naturally-occurring gratitude exchanges, 20 for men and 20 for women of academic context, collected through giving participants a researcher-made 20 items questionnaire. The results revealed that there is a meaningful difference between men and women in using these gratitude expressions, in the way that, contrary to the men, women tend to use more
Mobile-game (m-game)-enhanced learning offers beneficiaries a modern and attractive window of opp... more Mobile-game (m-game)-enhanced learning offers beneficiaries a modern and attractive window of opportunity to practice and learn language skills and subskills. Through grafting m-games onto the blended module of second language (L2) vocabulary teaching, this study endeavored to help educators to see if an m-game-enhanced didactic platform is applicable for L2 teaching and assessment. One-hundred fifty two females and males from four classes at Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medicine were selected through purposive sampling to participate in this study. To embrace triangulation, data were aggregated via of formative and summative assessments of the participants' performance, attitude questionnaire, as well as a semi-structured interview. After participating in Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT), the participants answered the preresearch questionnaire. Afterwards, for a period of an 18-blended-session course, they were taught the materials by their instructors inside the classroom and th...
This study aimed at uncovering the extent to which individual and collaborative learning and prac... more This study aimed at uncovering the extent to which individual and collaborative learning and practicing English letter writing via short texting (SMS) affect Iranian students' English letter writing ability. Accordingly, 60 intermediate university students who managed to complete the second stage of a letter writing test (Hulteinus, 2010) were divided into two groups, collaborative and individual, to learn 30 English letter writing features in ten virtual sessions through the medium of short texting; that is, three new notes per session. Using SMS, the first group of learners, divided into 10 triple groups, received the didactic materials from educational center (i.e., intelligent server) and then learned and practiced them collaboratively, while the learners in the second group received the same content from the same channel, but practiced it individually. Finally, the students took part in a test of letter writing, namely, a battery composed of three subtests, the data of whic...
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Papers by Saeed Khazaie