Papers by SIRUSA KRITSANAPUNTU
Aquaculture International, 2017
The diversity, distribution, and species richness of benthic invertebrates were examined under ex... more The diversity, distribution, and species richness of benthic invertebrates were examined under extensive bottom cultivation of the tropical oyster Crassostrea belcheri during the summer of 2015 at Ban Don Bay, Suratthani Province, Southern Thailand. Oyster farms that had been operating for 25 years were selected for the study, and four sampling sites were allocated along each transect as (i) at the center of the farm, (ii) inside the farm, (iii) at the farm boundary, and (iv) a reference site. Results indicated that a total of 23 families and 28 species of benthic invertebrate taxa were recorded from the four sampling sites, and the macrobenthic invertebrates inhabiting all study sites consisted mainly of gastropods (11 species), polychaetes (11 species), and bivalves (8 species). No significant differences in total density, diversity index, evenness index, and species richness index of benthic invertebrates were found among each sampling site (P > 0.05). Significant differences in total nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, total ammonia, sulfide, total phosphorus, organic matter, and grain sizes of sediment were found among each sampling site, but no significant differences in pH and total nitrogen were found. Among the independent variables analyzed, correlation analysis showed relationships between benthic diversity indices and abiotic variables. There were no clear patterns of differences in the detrimental environmental effects between sampling site locations, which indicated a minimal ecological impact of oyster cultivation.
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Apr 30, 2011
This study is the first attempt to compare the aquaculture potential on growth, production and ec... more This study is the first attempt to compare the aquaculture potential on growth, production and economic analysis for growth of spotted babylon juveniles (Babylonia areolata) to marketable sizes using the large-scale operation of flow-through canvas ponds and earthen ponds. This study shows that the average growth rates in body weight were 0.91-1.07 g/month and 0.82-0.98 g/month for the canvass pond and earthen pond trials, respectively. At the end of the experiment, final body weights of snails ranged from 5.6-6.6 and 5.2-6.2 g for the canvas pond and earthen pond trials, respectively. Total yields per production cycle were 1,930 and 1,760 kg for the canvas pond and earthen pond trials, respectively. For economic analysis, investment requirements of the canvas pond trial ($US18,629.6) was higher than that of earthen pond trial ($US8,832.3) and total cost per production cycle were estimated to be $US13,143.3 and 10,162.4 for the canvas pond and earthen pond trials, respectively. Net return per production cycle of the canvas pond ($US5,075.9) was lower than that of earthen pond trial ($US6,452.0) and payback period were estimated to be 1.8 and 0.7 production cycle for the canvas pond and earthen pond trials, respectively. This study indicated that grow out of juvenile B. areolata in earthen ponds was highly profitable than those in flow-through canvas ponds.
This study aims to investigate the species presence and distribution of sea cucumbers in the main... more This study aims to investigate the species presence and distribution of sea cucumbers in the main habitats of coral reefs, sea grass beds, rocky shores and sandy shores in the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea during May 2009 to March 2010. Results showed that a total of 21 sea cucumber species from 5 families were found. The average density of each sea cucumber in all study sites was lower than 1 individual per m-2 and the most abundant species in all study areas was Holothuria leucopilota. The Upper Gulf of Thailand contained 14 sea cucumber belonging to 4 families, followed by the lower Gulf of Thailand (13 species of 4 family) and Andaman sea (12 species of 5 family). All sea cucumbers found can be categorized into abundant species (3), common species (8) and rare
Preliminary surveys for coral disease were conducted in April 2012 at shallow water reefs of Samu... more Preliminary surveys for coral disease were conducted in April 2012 at shallow water reefs of Samui Island (Bang Po Bay and Thong Krud Bay) and four adjacent islands (Katen Island, Jatamoon Island, Mud Sum Island and Hin La Lek rock patch). Results showed that a total of 6 coral diseases were found consisting of White Plague (WP), Pink Line Syndrome (PLS), Porites White Patch Syndrome (WPS), Porites Trematodiasis (PTR), White Syndrome (WS) and Pacific Yellow Band Disease (YBD). Porites lutea was the dominant species for all study sites and it contained the highest disease infection by Pink Line Syndrome (PLS) for all study areas. P. lutea in shallow water reef of Samui Island group, (Baan Bang Po Bay and Thong krud Bay), Hin La Lek, and Katen Island had higher disease prevalence (14.70 - 17.16%) than those of Mud Sum Island and Jetamun Island (6.20 - 9.40%). The most significant syndrome detected was Pink Line Syndrome, which affected 6 different coral genera. The reefs at Samui Isla...
Aquaculture Research, 2019
Soft corals, which belong to the order Alcyonacea, are important members of coral reef ecosystems... more Soft corals, which belong to the order Alcyonacea, are important members of coral reef ecosystems. They are widely distributed in tropical waters and play a significant role in global reef ecology. They are colonial forms akin to scleractinian corals and are the most beautifully coloured components of coral reefs. Their shapes range from tree-like branching encrustations to lamellate, disc-like and plate-like forms (Vinod, Ramamoorthy, Rani, & Gopakumar, 2014). A large variety of reef invertebrates, including soft corals, have long been used as sources of diverse natural products with pharmaceutical or cosmetic
Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, 2015
This study presented the first research conducted on the use of tuna by-product from the tuna can... more This study presented the first research conducted on the use of tuna by-product from the tuna canning industry for growing hatchery-reared juvenile spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) to marketable sizes. A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of five levels of partial to complete replacement of fishmeal by tuna-cooking liquid effluent on growth performance and body composition of snails reared under a flow-through culture system over 150 days. Five experimental diets were formulated to contain 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of tuna-cooking liquid effluent (diets TCLE0, TCLE25, TCLE50, TCLE75, and TCLE100, respectively). Results showed that significant differences (P<0.05) in specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio were observed among the snails fed diets containing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% replacement of fishmeal by tuna-cooking liquid effluent meal. The best specific growth rate, feeding conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio were found in the group of snails fed a diet of TCLE100, while the lowest specific growth rate, feeding conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratios were found in snails fed diets of TCLE0 and TCLE25. No significant differences (P>0.05) in final survival rate was found among snails fed all experimental diets. Survival rates ranged from 94.2%-94.6%. Moreover, the snails fed diets of 100% replacement of fishmeal by tuna-cooking liquid effluent meal (TCLE100) showed the highest protein content, lowest lipid content, and lowest cholesterol content compared with snails fed all the other diets. The whole body composition of snails fed TCLE50 was significantly higher (P<0.05) in saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachinodic acid (ARA), n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA contents than the groups of snails fed all the other diets The results of this study indicated that tuna-cooking liquid effluent meal can completely replace fishmeal protein with positive effects on snail growth performance and whole body composition.
Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, 2013
A 120-day feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary partial replacemen... more A 120-day feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary partial replacement of tuna oil by corn oil at different ratios in formulated diets, by which growth performance and proximate composition of juvenile spotted babylon Babylonia areolata was analyzed. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated with 10% lipid derived from the following lipid sources: diet A (100% tuna oil without corn oil (control), diet B: 50% tuna oil and 20% corn oil, diet C: 30% tuna oil and 40% corn oil and diet D: 10% tuna oil and 60% corn oil. This study showed that all formulated diets were well accepted by the snails throughout the culture period. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, shell length increment and growth rate among the feeding experiments. No significant differences were observed in feed conversion ratio among the dietary treatments ranging from 4.35 to 4.77. Survival was high ranging from 98.00% to 100% and no significant differences in survival were observed. At the end of the experiment, crude protein and fat contents of whole body weight of snails were not statistically different among the feeding experiments. Crude protein and fat of snails fed four experimental diets ranged from 61.38 to 61.48% and 5.36% to 5.39%, respectively. This study indicated partial replacement of tuna oil by corn oil in formulated diets have no effects on growth performance but fat content of the whole body reduced to half than those contained in formulated diets.
International Journal of Recirculating Aquaculture, 2009
This study was conducted to determine the feasibility for culture of spotted babylon juveniles (B... more This study was conducted to determine the feasibility for culture of spotted babylon juveniles (Babylonia areolata) to marketable sizes using an abandoned marine shrimp hatchery. It was reconstructed with a large-scale recirculating culture system of 4.0 x 24.5 x 0.4 m concrete rearing ponds. The growth, production and economic analysis for culture of spotted babylon was evaluated. The average growth rates of spotted babylon were 0.94 g / mo. Feed conversion ratio was 1.8 and the average final survival was 90.5%. At the end of the experiment, the average yield was 148 kg / pond. The total production for six rearing ponds was estimated at 884 kg. Based on the farm data, stocking data and harvest data used in this study, total cost per 6 month production cycle was $6,458.40 (USD). In 2007, at farm gate prices of $8.60/kg (USD) resulted in a gross return and net return per production cycle of $7,575.90 (USD)
This study was conducted to assess the feasible use of rock oyster (Crassostrea commercialis) in ... more This study was conducted to assess the feasible use of rock oyster (Crassostrea commercialis) in biofiltration and two seaweeds (Gracilaria salicornia and Caulerpa lentillife) as nutrient absorbant in a laboratory-scale recirculating system for growing of juveniles spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata). The experiment was carried out in triplicates over a period of 90 days. The experiment was a complete randomized design with three growth trials: Treatments 1: without oyster and seaweed biofilter used as a control; Treatment 2: Oyster biofiltration (1,500 g per tank) and seaweed (G. salicornia) absorption (250 g per tank); and Treatment 3: Oyster biofiltration (1,500 g per tank) and seaweed (C. lentillife) absorption (250 g per tank). No significant differences (P>0.05) in final shell length, final body weight, body weight gains, shell length increment and growth rate among all treatments. Growth rate in shell length and body weight of spotted babylon ranged from 0.33-0.34 cm mo-1 and 0.62-0.67 g mo-1 , respectively. Significant differences (P<0.05) in final survival rate of spotted babylon were found among treatments, ranging from 86.72 to 86.98 % compared with those of the control (84.27%). There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonianitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorus among the growth trials but not for alkalinity. This study can conclude that G. salicorniand C. lentillifera can be used as nutrient biofilter for regulating of water quality in a closed recirculating system for growing juveniles spotted babylon but not suitable on using oyster.
Journal of Natural Products, 2003
Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 2010
A 180 day growth trial was conducted to determine growth and water quality for grow-out of hatche... more A 180 day growth trial was conducted to determine growth and water quality for grow-out of hatchery-reared juvenile spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) in experimental earthen ponds (10.0 × 10.0 × 1.2 m) exposed to different water management practices. These practices (T1–T4) consisted of a calcium carbonate addition at 5-day intervals and seawater exchange at 7, 15, and 21 day intervals,
Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 2010
Eight growth trials of juvenile B. areolata at different water depths (20 and 50 cm) and water fl... more Eight growth trials of juvenile B. areolata at different water depths (20 and 50 cm) and water flow durations (6, 12, 18, and 24 h) were conducted in a flow-through culture system over 5 months. One-way ANOVA performed on each growth data set showed that there were significant differences among water depth (WD) and water flow duration (WFD) treatments (P
Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 2010
Suitable initial body sizes of juvenile spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) for growing out to m... more Suitable initial body sizes of juvenile spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) for growing out to marketable sizes were determined under a large-scale flow-through system. Juveniles were graded by size into six groups of initial body sizes: traditional size (T; 0.29 ± 0.007 g/snail); medium size 1 (M1; 0.16 ± 0.009 g/snail); medium size 2 (M2; 0.13 ± 0.002 g/snail); medium size 3 (M3; 0.12 ± 0.006 g/snail); small size 1 (S1; 0.09 ± 0.007 g/snail); and small size 2 (S2; 0.07 ± 0.005 g/snail). A comparison was performed at the end of the experiment between the growth of small spotted babylon and the other size groups to confirm that the growth performance of small-size groups was better than the others. There were no significant differences in average weight gain between the six size groups (P < 0.05). The average weight gain ranged from 4.13-4.27 g/snail, 4.00-4.25 g/snail, and 3.97 g/snail in the small sizes, medium sizes, and large size, respectively. However, the average specific growth rate in body weight of both small sizes (S1: 2.73% day-1; ; S2: 2.59% day-1) was also significantly higher than those of the medium sizes (2.19%-2.39% day-1) and the large size (1.79% day-1). ANOVA of SGR by size groups showed significant We thank the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) for providing the funding for this research during the period 2003-2008. I wish to express my special thanks to
Aquaculture Research, 2002
This article examines the economic considerations involved in the production of spotted babylon (... more This article examines the economic considerations involved in the production of spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) in Thailand. A financial analysis of the construction and operating costs of a pilot commercial production of spotted babylon of marketable sizes is provided, based upon proven practical techniques and production data for a flow-through growout system. The investment required for a spotted babylon growout hatchery producing 990 kg per year is estimated to be US$4528.8. The annual cost of operating such a hatchery is estimated to be US $4624.1. The cost of producing 990 kg of marketable-size spotted bablyon with a survival rate of 95% is estimated to be US$4.91 per kg of snails produced. Cash flow analysis showed that a constant selling price of US$5.8 kg À1 results in positive cash flow by year 4. The proposed enterprise is marginally feasible if cost can be considerably reduced by targeting production and integrating hatchery and growout operations.
Aquaculture Research, 2007
The broodstock of spotted Babylon snail, Babylonia areolata, were conditioned in indoor tanks und... more The broodstock of spotted Babylon snail, Babylonia areolata, were conditioned in indoor tanks under two seawater systems (static system and £owthrough system) and ¢ve types of foods (¢sh, shrimp, squid, green mussel and formulated diet). High survival and good feeding was found from broodstock conditioned in all treatments of seawater systems and diets. All broodstock showed active behaviour with no signs of stress as exhibited by active movement and feeding, protrusion of siphonal tube and constant egg laying throughout the experiment. Two-way analysis of variance showed that there were no signi¢cant di¡erences (P40.05) in the total yield of egg capsules, size of egg capsules, size of newly hatched larvae and growth of larvae among broodstock B. areolata conditioned in the seawater system and diet treatments, but there were signi¢cant di¡erences (P40.05) in the frequency of egg capsule laying, number of fertilized eggs/embryos per capsule, total yield of fertilized eggs/embryos and ¢nal survival of larvae among broodstock B. areolata conditioned in the diet treatments. We present initial evidence that the seawater system had a stronger in£uence on the egg production and quality of broodstock B. areolata than conditioning diets.
Aquaculture Research, 2006
ABSTRACT
Aquaculture Research, 2006
ABSTRACT
Aquaculture Research, 2008
This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of growing out hatchery-reared spotted baby... more This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of growing out hatchery-reared spotted babylon juvenile (Babylonia areolata) in earthen ponds. The growth, survival and water quality for monoculture of spotted babylon were compared with the two polyculture trials with sea bass (Lates calcarifer) or milk-¢sh (Chanos chanos). This study provided good results for growth and survival of spotted babylon in earthen ponds. The mean body weight gain of snails held in the monoculture was 5.39 AE 0.08 g, and 4.07 AE 0.16 and 4.25 AE 0.11g for those held in the polyculture with sea bass or milk¢sh respectively. Food conversion ratios (FCR) were 2.69, 2.96 and 2.71 for snails held in the monoculture and polyculture with sea bass and milk¢sh, respectively, and the ¢nal survival rates were 84.94%, 74.30% and 81.20% respectively. There were no signi¢cant di¡erences in each parameter of water quality among the treatments but sig-ni¢cant di¡erences among the culture period were present (Po0.05). Salinity and total alkalinity showed the greatest changes during the culture period for all treatments. Seawater temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrite^nitrogen and ammonian itrogen gradually changed over the culture period for all the treatments. The present study indicated the technical feasibility for monoculture and polyculture of B. areolata to marketable sizes in earthen ponds.
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Papers by SIRUSA KRITSANAPUNTU