Personality and Individual Differences, Oct 1, 2003
This study examined the dimensionality of experimental faking on self-report inventories of psych... more This study examined the dimensionality of experimental faking on self-report inventories of psychopathology. For a sample of 260 undergraduates, the latent structure of response style scales indicated that intentional deception was not unidimensional. In particular, distinct dimensions emerged for positive and negative faking. These findings suggest that D. L. Paulhus' (1984) two-component model of socially desirable responding is incomplete for the description of conscious test dissimulation. Additional experimental and naturalistic research is recommended for establishing the full nature of intentional distortion in test responding. #
This research describes the development of the Marital Self-Disclosure Questionnaire (MSDQ), a br... more This research describes the development of the Marital Self-Disclosure Questionnaire (MSDQ), a brief, self-report measure of the quantity and quality of marital self-disclosure. Consisting of 40 true-false items, the MSDQ provides a global index of marital self-disclosure as well as assesses four facets of self-disclosure between spouses: Relationship, Sex, Money, and Imbalance. Results indicate that the MSDQ scales are reliable, and preliminary data suggest that the MSDQ may have validity for distinguishing among groups hypothesized to differ in terms of marital distress and self-disclosure. Further evaluation of the MSDQ for its clinical and research utility appears to be warranted.
... RONALD R. HOLDEN, Queen's University LOUISE WASYLKIW, Mount Allison University K... more ... RONALD R. HOLDEN, Queen's University LOUISE WASYLKIW, Mount Allison University KATHERINE B. STARZYK, University of Waterloo ANGELA S. BOOK, Brock ... of three (eg, Eysenck, 1991), five (eg, McCrae & Costa, 1987), at least six (Jackson, Paunonen, Fraboni, & Goffin ...
... Dwight Mazmanian, 1 James D. Mendonca 2'3 Ronald R. Holden, 4 and Barbara Du... more ... Dwight Mazmanian, 1 James D. Mendonca 2'3 Ronald R. Holden, 4 and Barbara Dufton 2 ... 145 item content is supported by studies confirming the crucial role of social isola-tion in suicidal distress (eg, Pallis, Barraclough, Levey, Jenkins, & Sainsbury, 1982; Roy, 1982). ...
Person-reliability indices can assist clinicians in determining the interpretability of a patient... more Person-reliability indices can assist clinicians in determining the interpretability of a patient's responses to the Basic Personality Inventory (BPI). Using an initial sample of 65 psychiatric patients, we found that: (1) different person-reliability indices showed modest evidence of psychometric adequacy and tended not to be confounded with general psychopathology; (2) a content consistency index of person reliability was predictably related to other item change variables, whereas within-session profile stability was related to across-session measures of profile stability: and (3) evidence for the ability of person-reliability indices to moderate the validity of clinical criteria was weak. Results provide cautious support for a multidimensional conceptualization of the person reliability construct on the BPI but demand further evaluation of the clinical utility of person reliability indices.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1985
Previous research on the use of disguise in structured tests of psychopathology is extended to a ... more Previous research on the use of disguise in structured tests of psychopathology is extended to a clinical population. Based on a sample of 112 adult psychiatric patients for whom clinical criterion ratings were obtained, psychopathological test item validities were calculated and related to indices of test item disguise. Data contraindicated the use of disguise and were interpreted in terms of the various philosophies of test construction that underlie the structured assessment of psychopathology. In particular, results suggested the merit of a rational test construction strategy that emphasizes the use of relevant test item content.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Sep 1, 1989
We examined the relationships among suicidal indices, hopelessness, and social desirability. Both... more We examined the relationships among suicidal indices, hopelessness, and social desirability. Both hopelessness and a measure of social desirability that reflected a sense of general capability were significant indicators of suicidal manifestations. In particular, hierarchical multiple regression procedures demonstrated that hopelessness and social desirability interacted in the prediction of suicide variables. Results generalized across various clinical diagnostic subgroups of psychiatric patients and a sample of prisoners and across different clinically evaluated and self-reported indices of suicidal behavior. Findings are interpreted to mean that a sense of general capability buffers the link of hopelessness to suicidal behavior. Implications for understanding the cognitions associated with suicide and for improving prediction of persons at risk are discussed.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 15299732 2014 989644, Mar 11, 2015
This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissocia... more This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissociation, among young people. Participants were 42 suicidal inpatients, 36 nonsuicidal inpatients, and 45 nonclinical participants. Overall, suicide attempters reported a stronger intensity of and lower tolerance for mental pain and more physical dissociation compared to the other two groups. Suicide attempters with a low tolerance for mental pain showed a higher level of dissociation from pain and insensitivity to bodily cues compared to nonsuicidal inpatients with similar levels of tolerance for mental pain. Physical dissociation contributed significantly to the likelihood of suicidality beyond the contribution of mental pain. Our results accentuate the importance of the combination of mental pain and physical dissociation in suicidality. Further research on the applicability of our findings to self-injurious behavior is warranted.
Personality and Individual Differences, Oct 1, 2000
A sample of 561 nonclinical adult respondents completed the Reasons for Attempting Suicide Questi... more A sample of 561 nonclinical adult respondents completed the Reasons for Attempting Suicide Questionnaire. Although con®rmatory principal components analysis indicated some support for this measure's previously identi®ed two-dimensional structure, various rules for determining the number of components all converged in supporting a three-component solution, representing internal perturbationbased reasons, manipulative motivations, and extrapunitive motivations. Validity for each of these three components was established by demonstrating that scales based on these dimensions were each capable of signi®cantly dierentiating between previous suicide attempters and nonattempters. Suggestions for revisions to the Reasons for Attempting Suicide Questionnaire are oered. 7
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1986
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1986, Vol. 54. No. 6, 853-859 Copyright 198... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1986, Vol. 54. No. 6, 853-859 Copyright 1986 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-006X/86/$00.75 Response Styles and Faking on the Basic Personality Inventory ...
Recently, theie has been a resurgence of interest in the use of response latencies in psychologic... more Recently, theie has been a resurgence of interest in the use of response latencies in psychological assessment. Some research has suggested that response times associated with answering personality and integrity questionnaires may be useful in differentiating among honest responders and individuals who are lying. Using an experimental paradigm with 100 unemployed individuals seeking work, the ability of personnel test item response latencies to distinguish between subjects instructed to lie and those instructed to respond honestly was examined. Based on a general model of lying derived from schema theory, it was predicted that applicants who were lying on a personnel test would take relatively longer to admit to negative or delinquent behaviors then job candidates who were responding honestly. The results demonstrated support for the general model of lying, and discriminant function analysis indicated that response latencies to items on standard personnel tests could significantly differentiate between those who were lying and those who were honest. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed.
Using structural equation modeling, we tested a primary model of suicide risk and 3 competing, al... more Using structural equation modeling, we tested a primary model of suicide risk and 3 competing, alternative models based on 4 psychological variables deemed important in the literature (perception of parental rejection, depression, interpersonal needs comprising perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, and psychache), in a nonclinical sample of Portuguese adults. A convenience sample of 203 adults (100 men, 103 women; aged18-65 years) participated in this study. Analyses demonstrated that the proposed primary model had the best fit to the observed data. The differences in fit indexes for this model and one of the alternative models, however, were not substantial. Perceived parental rejection related directly to suicide risk and indirectly via depression and interpersonal needs. Depression linked indirectly to suicide risk via interpersonal needs and psychache. Interpersonal needs related directly to suicide risk and indirectly via psychache, which related directly to suicide risk.
Journal of trauma & dissociation : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD), Jan 11, 2015
This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissocia... more This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissociation, among young people. Participants were 42 suicidal inpatients, 36 non-suicidal inpatients, and 45 non-clinical participants. Overall, suicide attempters reported a stronger intensity and lower tolerance of mental pain, and higher physical dissociation compared to the other two groups. Suicide attempters with low tolerance of mental pain showed a higher level of dissociation from pain and insensitivity to bodily cues compared to non-suicidal inpatients with similar levels of tolerance for mental pain. Physical dissociation contributed significantly to the likelihood of suicidality, beyond the contribution of mental pain. Our results accentuate the importance of the combination of mental pain and physical dissociation in suicidality. Further research on the applicability of our findings to self-injurious behavior is warranted.
Using 60 male university students as subjects, this investigation compared the psychometric prope... more Using 60 male university students as subjects, this investigation compared the psychometric properties of computerized and paper-and-pencil versions of the student version (Form T) of the Jenkins Activity Survey. Data indicated that these different versions of the JAS demonstrated similar norms, reliabilities, and validities. The comparability of the JAS across administration modes suggested that computerizing the test does not significantly alter its characteristics. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science-revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 1997
This research investigated the relationships among three indices of suicidal behaviour (ideation,... more This research investigated the relationships among three indices of suicidal behaviour (ideation, attempts, reported likelihood to commit) and four predictors (depression, hopelessness, motivations based on internal perturbations, extrapunitive/manipulative motivations). Using 262 nonclinical participants, three key findings emerged. First, not all indices of suicidal behaviour were equivalent. Second, hopelessness and motivations based on internal perturbations were consistently the significant, nonredundant predictors
1. NEO-FFI items are a highly refined, elite collection possessing a highly restricted range of s... more 1. NEO-FFI items are a highly refined, elite collection possessing a highly restricted range of strong quality.
Personality and Individual Differences, Oct 1, 2003
This study examined the dimensionality of experimental faking on self-report inventories of psych... more This study examined the dimensionality of experimental faking on self-report inventories of psychopathology. For a sample of 260 undergraduates, the latent structure of response style scales indicated that intentional deception was not unidimensional. In particular, distinct dimensions emerged for positive and negative faking. These findings suggest that D. L. Paulhus' (1984) two-component model of socially desirable responding is incomplete for the description of conscious test dissimulation. Additional experimental and naturalistic research is recommended for establishing the full nature of intentional distortion in test responding. #
This research describes the development of the Marital Self-Disclosure Questionnaire (MSDQ), a br... more This research describes the development of the Marital Self-Disclosure Questionnaire (MSDQ), a brief, self-report measure of the quantity and quality of marital self-disclosure. Consisting of 40 true-false items, the MSDQ provides a global index of marital self-disclosure as well as assesses four facets of self-disclosure between spouses: Relationship, Sex, Money, and Imbalance. Results indicate that the MSDQ scales are reliable, and preliminary data suggest that the MSDQ may have validity for distinguishing among groups hypothesized to differ in terms of marital distress and self-disclosure. Further evaluation of the MSDQ for its clinical and research utility appears to be warranted.
... RONALD R. HOLDEN, Queen's University LOUISE WASYLKIW, Mount Allison University K... more ... RONALD R. HOLDEN, Queen's University LOUISE WASYLKIW, Mount Allison University KATHERINE B. STARZYK, University of Waterloo ANGELA S. BOOK, Brock ... of three (eg, Eysenck, 1991), five (eg, McCrae & Costa, 1987), at least six (Jackson, Paunonen, Fraboni, & Goffin ...
... Dwight Mazmanian, 1 James D. Mendonca 2'3 Ronald R. Holden, 4 and Barbara Du... more ... Dwight Mazmanian, 1 James D. Mendonca 2'3 Ronald R. Holden, 4 and Barbara Dufton 2 ... 145 item content is supported by studies confirming the crucial role of social isola-tion in suicidal distress (eg, Pallis, Barraclough, Levey, Jenkins, & Sainsbury, 1982; Roy, 1982). ...
Person-reliability indices can assist clinicians in determining the interpretability of a patient... more Person-reliability indices can assist clinicians in determining the interpretability of a patient's responses to the Basic Personality Inventory (BPI). Using an initial sample of 65 psychiatric patients, we found that: (1) different person-reliability indices showed modest evidence of psychometric adequacy and tended not to be confounded with general psychopathology; (2) a content consistency index of person reliability was predictably related to other item change variables, whereas within-session profile stability was related to across-session measures of profile stability: and (3) evidence for the ability of person-reliability indices to moderate the validity of clinical criteria was weak. Results provide cautious support for a multidimensional conceptualization of the person reliability construct on the BPI but demand further evaluation of the clinical utility of person reliability indices.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1985
Previous research on the use of disguise in structured tests of psychopathology is extended to a ... more Previous research on the use of disguise in structured tests of psychopathology is extended to a clinical population. Based on a sample of 112 adult psychiatric patients for whom clinical criterion ratings were obtained, psychopathological test item validities were calculated and related to indices of test item disguise. Data contraindicated the use of disguise and were interpreted in terms of the various philosophies of test construction that underlie the structured assessment of psychopathology. In particular, results suggested the merit of a rational test construction strategy that emphasizes the use of relevant test item content.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Sep 1, 1989
We examined the relationships among suicidal indices, hopelessness, and social desirability. Both... more We examined the relationships among suicidal indices, hopelessness, and social desirability. Both hopelessness and a measure of social desirability that reflected a sense of general capability were significant indicators of suicidal manifestations. In particular, hierarchical multiple regression procedures demonstrated that hopelessness and social desirability interacted in the prediction of suicide variables. Results generalized across various clinical diagnostic subgroups of psychiatric patients and a sample of prisoners and across different clinically evaluated and self-reported indices of suicidal behavior. Findings are interpreted to mean that a sense of general capability buffers the link of hopelessness to suicidal behavior. Implications for understanding the cognitions associated with suicide and for improving prediction of persons at risk are discussed.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 15299732 2014 989644, Mar 11, 2015
This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissocia... more This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissociation, among young people. Participants were 42 suicidal inpatients, 36 nonsuicidal inpatients, and 45 nonclinical participants. Overall, suicide attempters reported a stronger intensity of and lower tolerance for mental pain and more physical dissociation compared to the other two groups. Suicide attempters with a low tolerance for mental pain showed a higher level of dissociation from pain and insensitivity to bodily cues compared to nonsuicidal inpatients with similar levels of tolerance for mental pain. Physical dissociation contributed significantly to the likelihood of suicidality beyond the contribution of mental pain. Our results accentuate the importance of the combination of mental pain and physical dissociation in suicidality. Further research on the applicability of our findings to self-injurious behavior is warranted.
Personality and Individual Differences, Oct 1, 2000
A sample of 561 nonclinical adult respondents completed the Reasons for Attempting Suicide Questi... more A sample of 561 nonclinical adult respondents completed the Reasons for Attempting Suicide Questionnaire. Although con®rmatory principal components analysis indicated some support for this measure's previously identi®ed two-dimensional structure, various rules for determining the number of components all converged in supporting a three-component solution, representing internal perturbationbased reasons, manipulative motivations, and extrapunitive motivations. Validity for each of these three components was established by demonstrating that scales based on these dimensions were each capable of signi®cantly dierentiating between previous suicide attempters and nonattempters. Suggestions for revisions to the Reasons for Attempting Suicide Questionnaire are oered. 7
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1986
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1986, Vol. 54. No. 6, 853-859 Copyright 198... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1986, Vol. 54. No. 6, 853-859 Copyright 1986 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-006X/86/$00.75 Response Styles and Faking on the Basic Personality Inventory ...
Recently, theie has been a resurgence of interest in the use of response latencies in psychologic... more Recently, theie has been a resurgence of interest in the use of response latencies in psychological assessment. Some research has suggested that response times associated with answering personality and integrity questionnaires may be useful in differentiating among honest responders and individuals who are lying. Using an experimental paradigm with 100 unemployed individuals seeking work, the ability of personnel test item response latencies to distinguish between subjects instructed to lie and those instructed to respond honestly was examined. Based on a general model of lying derived from schema theory, it was predicted that applicants who were lying on a personnel test would take relatively longer to admit to negative or delinquent behaviors then job candidates who were responding honestly. The results demonstrated support for the general model of lying, and discriminant function analysis indicated that response latencies to items on standard personnel tests could significantly differentiate between those who were lying and those who were honest. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed.
Using structural equation modeling, we tested a primary model of suicide risk and 3 competing, al... more Using structural equation modeling, we tested a primary model of suicide risk and 3 competing, alternative models based on 4 psychological variables deemed important in the literature (perception of parental rejection, depression, interpersonal needs comprising perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, and psychache), in a nonclinical sample of Portuguese adults. A convenience sample of 203 adults (100 men, 103 women; aged18-65 years) participated in this study. Analyses demonstrated that the proposed primary model had the best fit to the observed data. The differences in fit indexes for this model and one of the alternative models, however, were not substantial. Perceived parental rejection related directly to suicide risk and indirectly via depression and interpersonal needs. Depression linked indirectly to suicide risk via interpersonal needs and psychache. Interpersonal needs related directly to suicide risk and indirectly via psychache, which related directly to suicide risk.
Journal of trauma & dissociation : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD), Jan 11, 2015
This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissocia... more This study examines the importance of two suicide risk factors, mental pain and physical dissociation, among young people. Participants were 42 suicidal inpatients, 36 non-suicidal inpatients, and 45 non-clinical participants. Overall, suicide attempters reported a stronger intensity and lower tolerance of mental pain, and higher physical dissociation compared to the other two groups. Suicide attempters with low tolerance of mental pain showed a higher level of dissociation from pain and insensitivity to bodily cues compared to non-suicidal inpatients with similar levels of tolerance for mental pain. Physical dissociation contributed significantly to the likelihood of suicidality, beyond the contribution of mental pain. Our results accentuate the importance of the combination of mental pain and physical dissociation in suicidality. Further research on the applicability of our findings to self-injurious behavior is warranted.
Using 60 male university students as subjects, this investigation compared the psychometric prope... more Using 60 male university students as subjects, this investigation compared the psychometric properties of computerized and paper-and-pencil versions of the student version (Form T) of the Jenkins Activity Survey. Data indicated that these different versions of the JAS demonstrated similar norms, reliabilities, and validities. The comparability of the JAS across administration modes suggested that computerizing the test does not significantly alter its characteristics. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science-revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 1997
This research investigated the relationships among three indices of suicidal behaviour (ideation,... more This research investigated the relationships among three indices of suicidal behaviour (ideation, attempts, reported likelihood to commit) and four predictors (depression, hopelessness, motivations based on internal perturbations, extrapunitive/manipulative motivations). Using 262 nonclinical participants, three key findings emerged. First, not all indices of suicidal behaviour were equivalent. Second, hopelessness and motivations based on internal perturbations were consistently the significant, nonredundant predictors
1. NEO-FFI items are a highly refined, elite collection possessing a highly restricted range of s... more 1. NEO-FFI items are a highly refined, elite collection possessing a highly restricted range of strong quality.
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Papers by Ronald Holden