Papers by Roger Schvaneveldt
Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 2012
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011
Journal of experimental psychology, Aug 1, 1969
Two experiments investigated the effects of information load (number of alternatives) and S-R cod... more Two experiments investigated the effects of information load (number of alternatives) and S-R code in each of two simultaneously performed reaction time (RT) tasks. The 5s were required to make both a verbal and a manual response on each trial in the simultaneous-performance conditions. Each task was also performed alone for comparison. The results were: (a) In simultaneous performance, RT in each task was greater with more alternatives or an indirect S-R code in either task; (b) the complexity of the verbal task had a smaller effect on verbal RT when the complexity of the manual task was increased; and (c) details of the data argued against a response-grouping interpretation. The evidence for overlap between the two tasks has important implications for the single-channel hypothesis.
Ablex Publishing Corp. eBooks, May 1, 1990
... Ablex series in computational sciences. Schvaneveldt, Roger W. (Ed). Westport, CT, US: Ablex ... more ... Ablex series in computational sciences. Schvaneveldt, Roger W. (Ed). Westport, CT, US: Ablex Publishing. (1990). xi, 315 pp. Abstract. ... The chapters range from the theoretical and empirical to applied work with Pathfinder networks. ...
Introduction. Chi, M.T.H., Learning From Observing An Expert's Demonstration, Explanation... more Introduction. Chi, M.T.H., Learning From Observing An Expert's Demonstration, Explanations, and Dialogues. Staszewski, J.J., Cognitive Engineering Based on Expert Skill. Chase, C.C., Motivating Persistence in the Face of Failure: Equipping Novice Learners with the Motivational Tools of Experts. Charness, N., Approaches to the Study of Life-Span Chess Expertise. Siegler, R.S., How Do People Become Experts? Gobet, F., Chunks and Templates in Semantic Long-term Memory: The Importance of Specialization. Schvaneveldt, R.W., Cohen, T.A., Whitfield, G.K., Paths to Discovery. Rosenbaum, D.A., Development of Expertise and the Control of Physical Action. Ericsson, K.A., Exceptional Memory and Expert Performance: From Simon and Chase's Theory of Expertise to Skilled Memory and Beyond. Kotovsky, K., Expertises. Posner, M.I., The Expert Brain. Righi, G., Category-Selective Recruitment of the Fusiform Gyrus with Chess Expertise. Tarr, M.J., Kingon, A., Beilock, S.L., Expert Performance: From Action to Perception to Understanding. Anderson, J.R., Betts, S., Ferris, J.L., Fincham, J.M., Neural Imaging be Used to Investigate Learning in an Educational Task? Ansari, D., The Emergence of a Multi-level Approach to the Study of Skill Acquisition and Expertise.
PubMed, 2010
The paradigm of literature-based knowledge discovery originated by Swanson involves finding meani... more The paradigm of literature-based knowledge discovery originated by Swanson involves finding meaningful associations between terms or concepts that have not occurred together in any previously published document. While several automated approaches have been applied to this problem, these generally evaluate the literature at a point in time, and do not evaluate the role of change over time in distributional statistics as an indicator of meaningful implicit associations. To address this issue, we develop and evaluate Symmetric Random Indexing (SRI), a novel variant of the Random Indexing (RI) approach that is able to measure implicit association over time. SRI is found to compare favorably to existing RI variants in the prediction of future direct co-occurrence. Summary statistics over several experiments suggest a trend of converging semantic distance prior to the co-occurrence of key terms for two seminal historical literature-based discoveries.
When Government drawings, specifications, or other data are used for any purpose other than in co... more When Government drawings, specifications, or other data are used for any purpose other than in connection with a definitely Government-related procurement, the United States Government Incurs no responsibility or any obligation whatsoever. The fact that the Government may have formulated or In any way supplied the said drawings, specifications, or other data, Is not to be regarded by implication, or otherwise in any manner construed, as licensing the holder, or any other person or corporation; or as conveying any rights or permission to manufacture, use, or sell any patented invention that may in any way be related thereto. The Office of Public Affairs has reviewed this report, and it Is releasable to the National Technical Information Service, where it will be available to the general public, including foreign nationals. This report has been reviewed and is approved for publication.
Journal of Health Psychology, 1996
Knowledge representation was used to characterize beliefs in patients with Environmental Illness/... more Knowledge representation was used to characterize beliefs in patients with Environmental Illness/Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (EI/MCS). EI/MCS patients, allergy and asthma patients, doctors and controls made relatedness judgments on concepts relevant to EI/MCS. Associative networks showed that EI/MCS patients viewed these concepts differently from others. Multiple chemical exposure was central in EI/ MCS networks, with many links to every other concept, but was only peripherally connected in the other subject networks. Similarity comparisons to an EI/MCS prototype network discriminated EI/MCS patients from the other control populations, as did an index based on critical concept pairs. This approach shows promise for distinguishing patient groups using belief structure.
PubMed, Nov 14, 2009
Corpus-derived distributional models of semantic distance between terms have proved useful in a n... more Corpus-derived distributional models of semantic distance between terms have proved useful in a number of applications. For both theoretical and practical reasons, it is desirable to extend these models to encode discrete concepts and the ways in which they are related to one another. In this paper, we present a novel vector space model that encodes semantic predications derived from MEDLINE by the SemRep system into a compact spatial representation. The associations captured by this method are of a different and complementary nature to those derived by traditional vector space models, and the encoding of predication types presents new possibilities for knowledge discovery and information retrieval.
Ablex Publishing Corp. eBooks, May 1, 1990
ABSTRACT network models have played important roles in various areas of cognitive science and com... more ABSTRACT network models have played important roles in various areas of cognitive science and computer science / we have developed a procedure called Pathfinder (several equivalent procedures, actually) to generate a class of networks called PFNETs [Pathfinder networks], which are based on estimates or measures of distances between pairs of entities generation algorithms for PFNETs / properties of inclusion / data transformations and network structure / Pathfinder networks and hierarchical clustering (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014
NATO ASI series. Series F : Computer and system sciences, 1986
This paper reviews the current status of a project designed to develop a simulation model of deci... more This paper reviews the current status of a project designed to develop a simulation model of decision making by expert fighter-pilots in air-to-air combat. The model builds on our previous work on measuring and representing conceptual structures by using those structures to model the underlying processes involved in flying high-speed tactical aircraft. The Air Combat Expert Simulation (ACES) system incorporates selection rules written in PROLOG to determine which of 17 basic fighter maneuvers to execute given a description of an airspace with two competing aircraft (T-38’s). A representation of the aircraft and their flight dynamics is written in Pascal. The aircraft are displayed in three-dimensional graphics. The simulation allows maneuvers to be selected for either aircraft by either a user or ACES. The maneuvers are mapped onto inputs to dynamic flight equations that update the airspace as maneuvers are executed. The selection of maneuvers by ACES compares favorably with the selections made by expert fighter pilots. Future directions for the model and applications in fighter lead-in training are discussed.
National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Nov 1, 2010
The Predication-based Semantic Indexing (PSI) approach encodes both symbolic and distributional i... more The Predication-based Semantic Indexing (PSI) approach encodes both symbolic and distributional information into a semantic space using a permutation-based variant of Random Indexing. In this paper, we develop and evaluate a computational model of abductive reasoning based on PSI. Using distributional information, we identify pairs of concepts that are likely to be predicated about a common third concept, or middle term. As this occurs without the explicit identification of the middle term concerned, we refer to this process as a "logical leap". Subsequently, we use further operations in the PSI space to retrieve this middle term and identify the predicate types involved. On evaluation using a set of 1000 randomly selected cue concepts, the model is shown to retrieve with accuracy concepts that can be connected to a cue concept by a middle term, as well as the middle term concerned, using nearestneighbor search in the PSI space. The utility of quantum logical operators as a means to identify alternative paths through this space is also explored.
Journal of experimental psychology, 1970
Variations in the mapping of numerical stimuli onto numerical-verbal responses in a choice reacti... more Variations in the mapping of numerical stimuli onto numerical-verbal responses in a choice reaction time task revealed similar effects of uncertainly (number of S-R alternatives) for naming, adding one, and subtracting one. No increase in reaction time (RT) accompanied an increase in the number of S-R alternatives from 4 to 8 in these conditions. A complex mapping requiring 5 to add one when a plus sign was presented and subtract one when a minus sign was presented showed no increase in RT from 4 to 8 or from 8 to 16 alternatives. However, other simple arithmetical relations (i.e., add three, suhslract the stimulus from nine) did show consistent increases in RT with increasing uncertainly. Other mappings were also examined. The results arc discussed in terms of hypotheses concerning the size of the S-R transformation, response competition, and memory search processes. Some implications for the understanding of the processes involved in mental arithmetic arc examined.
Human Factors, Aug 1, 2008
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Papers by Roger Schvaneveldt