C-MIP: An international model inter-comparison simulating organic carbon dynamics in bare fallow ... more C-MIP: An international model inter-comparison simulating organic carbon dynamics in bare fallow soils. 6th International Symposium on Soil Organic Matter
The implementation of agroecology principles within organic farming research is a crux to redesig... more The implementation of agroecology principles within organic farming research is a crux to redesign sustainable agri-food systems. To govern this transition, the local research demand should be addressed by direct engagement of all stakeholders in the research process. The first step is the involvement of farmers and technicians, with the aim of restoring their decision-making role, switching governance to local scale. The co-design/co-management of Long-Term Experiments (LTEs) can be crucial to govern the above-described transition through networking and participatory activities. In this study, we report the experience of co-designing a new LTE in Southern Italy by local actors and scientists. Through a participatory action research methodology, an LTE was considered as a biophysical component of an agroecological living lab, a public–private environment aimed to design a local food system. The setup of parallel field trials in satellite farms stands for the other biophysical compon...
C sequestration via agricultural soils can be accounted for, under Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Proto... more C sequestration via agricultural soils can be accounted for, under Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol, provided that specific measures are implemented. Sound cropland management can play a positive role in mitigating GHGs emissions from other sources, and carbon dioxide in particular, through a decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC) losses, an increase of organic material inputs or combining these two options. Literature data estimate about 1,500 Gg SOC to 1 m depth (Eswaran et al., 2000), in comparison with 4,000 Gg C of fossil fuels, indicating SOC as the largest sink of C after fossil fuels. Vegetation (600 Gg) and atmosphere (760 Gg) store considerably less C than soils. Carbon sequestration can occur through a reduction in soil disturbance, since more carbon is lost as CO 2 from tilled soils in comparison with reduced or sod-seeding systems: no tillage systems may absorb on average 0.7-1.4 t CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 (INRA 2002, ECCP 2003). This paper compares the effects of conventional ...
Document Information Grant Agreement 633945 Acronym FATIMA Full Title of Project Farming Tools fo... more Document Information Grant Agreement 633945 Acronym FATIMA Full Title of Project Farming Tools for external nutrient inputs and water Management Horizon 2020 Call SFS-02a-2014: External nutrient inputs (Research and innovation Action) Start Date 1 March 2015 Duration 36 months Project website www.fatima-h2020.eu Document URL (insert URL if document is publicly available online) REA Project Officer Arantza Uriarte Project Coordinator Anna Osann Deliverable D3.3.3 Prediction of SOM variability on mid-long term for the compared sustainable and current intensive managed soil-crop systems, including derived i di Work Package WP3.3-Sustainable soil management practices and cropping systems Date of Delivery Contractual M34 Actual
This paper reports an analysis of the possibility of integration of different methodologies for t... more This paper reports an analysis of the possibility of integration of different methodologies for the assessment of the agronomic value of rangelands, aimed at supporting decisions for their sustainable management, that is the long term preservation of their productive potential. The attribution of an agronomie value (Specific index) to each vegetal entity of a given rangeland (i.e. genus, species and subspecies), can be relevant far studies aimed at a preliminary evaluation of their productive potential. It can be also considered a first step for the exploitation of data already available from studies made with different approaches (e.g. phytosociological tables). The Specific indices of each species are classified by geographic area and take into account of synonyms and of the correct name of the most widespread entities of the Mediterranean area. The article is completed by a data base file containing a collection of the Specific indices of 1796 entities attributed by different aut...
The development of climate mitigation services partly depends on our ability to simulate, with co... more The development of climate mitigation services partly depends on our ability to simulate, with confidence, agricultural production and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions so as to understand the effectiveness of the mitigation approach on both gas emissions and food production. The Soil C-N Group of the Global Research Alliance (GRA) on GHG has initiated an international model benchmarking and inter-comparison that will assess GHG balance and soil C sequestration of arable crops and grasslands as affected by agricultural practices. The inter-comparison arises from collaborations between GRA, AgMIP and four FACCE-JPI projects to lead to the largest exercise in this domain. An initial stock take has been conducted, resulting in the selection of datasets from five grasslands and five crop sites worldwide. A total of 28 models used in 11countries for the prediction of GHG emissions in crop and grassland systems are contributing, ranging from process-oriented models to simpler models. The stu...
In traditional agricultural areas, where traditional crops (TCs) are cultivated, small farms are ... more In traditional agricultural areas, where traditional crops (TCs) are cultivated, small farms are still highly represented. Located prevalently in marginal and sensitive areas, agricultural areas have undergone deep transformation. Smallholders have maintained the traditional asset of cultivation (extensive and low input requirement management) only to some extent. In some cases they have adapted traditional orchards into more intensive planting systems. Frequently, they have abandoned agriculture. The land use and management influence soil functions, i.e., the capability of a specific soil to provide key functions in terrestrial ecosystems. In order to assess whether small farms are environmentally sustainable, we used a set of soil quality indicators in three traditional tree crops in the Latium region (central Italy), like hazelnut, grapevine, and Citrus. The soil parameters, chemical, biological, and biochemical, were quantified under three different management models: extensive ...
Soil organic carbon (SOC), the major component of soil organic matter (SOM), is extremely importa... more Soil organic carbon (SOC), the major component of soil organic matter (SOM), is extremely important in all soil processes. Organic material in the soil is essentially derived from plant and animal residues, synthesized by microbes and decomposed under the influence of temperature, moisture and soil conditions. The problem of soil organic carbon depletion is of particular concern in the Mediterranean basin, with mild or moderately cold humid winters and warm dry summers, since high temperatures and reduced soil moisture conditions accelerate decomposition processes. This depletion is often in combination with non-conservative agronomic practices such as deep tillage and the low inputs of organic matter to soils, as well as other soil degradation processes, e.g. soil erosion by water. Typically, soils developed in the Mediterranean basin exhibit a high spatial variability of soil properties, are prone to drought, have low water holding capacity, and are shallow particularly on slopes ...
Globe artichoke is one of the most intensively cultivated horticultural species in Mediterranean ... more Globe artichoke is one of the most intensively cultivated horticultural species in Mediterranean regions. In this context, sustainable agronomic management is a requisite to increase the soil carbon content, making the artichoke cultivation system more resilient to climate change. A 10-year experiment was considered to forecast the influence on soil C dynamic of three globe artichoke managements: monoculture with dry crop residues incorporation (conventional monoculture), monoculture with the inclusion of a cover crop (alternative monoculture), and rotation with cauliflower plus cover crop (biannual rotation). During the 2006–2016 period, total soil organic carbon content and plant C inputs to soil were measured. RothC model was used to predict the effect on the soil C stock and C sequestration potential in 20 years of the three managements tested in the field, plus a hypothetical conventional scenario with no residues’ incorporation (no residues). Plant C inputs increased according...
Elisa Bruni1, Bertrand Guenet1,2, Yuanyuan Huang3, Hugues Clivot4,5, Iñigo Virto6, 5 Roberta Fari... more Elisa Bruni1, Bertrand Guenet1,2, Yuanyuan Huang3, Hugues Clivot4,5, Iñigo Virto6, 5 Roberta Farina7, Thomas Kätterer8, Philippe Ciais1, Manuel Martin9, Claire Chenu10 6 1Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université 7 Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France 8 2LG-ENS (Laboratoire de géologie) CNRS UMR 8538 École normale supérieure, PSL University IPSL, 9 75005 Paris France 10 3CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale 3195, Australia 11 4Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, 68000, Colmar, France 12 5Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, 51097 Reims, France 13 6Departamento de Ciencias. IS-FOOD, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain 14 7CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture 15 and Environment, 00198 Rome, Italy 16 8Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Box 7044, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden 17 9INRA Orléans, InfoSolUnit, Or...
Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe that is 54 % more and 120 % mo... more Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe that is 54 % more and 120 % more for a 1 and 5 • C warming, respectively. We showed that modeled C inputs required to reach the target depended linearly on the initial SOC stocks, raising concern on the feasibility of the 4 per 1000 objective in soils with a higher potential contribution to C sequestration, that is soils with high SOC stocks. Our work highlights the challenge of increasing SOC stocks at a large scale and in a future with a warmer climate.
The production of a biomass as a feedstock for biorefinery is gaining attention in many agricultu... more The production of a biomass as a feedstock for biorefinery is gaining attention in many agricultural areas. The adoption of biorefinery crops (i.e., perennial cardoon) can represent an interesting option for farmers and can contribute to increase soil organic carbon stock (SOCS). The study aimed to assess the potential effect on long-term SOCS change by the introduction of cardoon in a Mediterranean marginal area (Sassari, Italy). To this end, three process-oriented models, namely the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories (Tier 2), a humus-balance model (SOMBIT) and Rothamsted carbon model (RothC), were used to compare two scenarios over 20 years. The traditional cropping system’s faba bean–durum wheat biennial rotation was compared with the same scenario alternating seven years of cardoon cultivation. The model’s calibration was performed using climate, soil and crop data measured in three cardoon trials between 2011 and...
C-MIP: An international model inter-comparison simulating organic carbon dynamics in bare fallow ... more C-MIP: An international model inter-comparison simulating organic carbon dynamics in bare fallow soils. 6th International Symposium on Soil Organic Matter
The implementation of agroecology principles within organic farming research is a crux to redesig... more The implementation of agroecology principles within organic farming research is a crux to redesign sustainable agri-food systems. To govern this transition, the local research demand should be addressed by direct engagement of all stakeholders in the research process. The first step is the involvement of farmers and technicians, with the aim of restoring their decision-making role, switching governance to local scale. The co-design/co-management of Long-Term Experiments (LTEs) can be crucial to govern the above-described transition through networking and participatory activities. In this study, we report the experience of co-designing a new LTE in Southern Italy by local actors and scientists. Through a participatory action research methodology, an LTE was considered as a biophysical component of an agroecological living lab, a public–private environment aimed to design a local food system. The setup of parallel field trials in satellite farms stands for the other biophysical compon...
C sequestration via agricultural soils can be accounted for, under Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Proto... more C sequestration via agricultural soils can be accounted for, under Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol, provided that specific measures are implemented. Sound cropland management can play a positive role in mitigating GHGs emissions from other sources, and carbon dioxide in particular, through a decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC) losses, an increase of organic material inputs or combining these two options. Literature data estimate about 1,500 Gg SOC to 1 m depth (Eswaran et al., 2000), in comparison with 4,000 Gg C of fossil fuels, indicating SOC as the largest sink of C after fossil fuels. Vegetation (600 Gg) and atmosphere (760 Gg) store considerably less C than soils. Carbon sequestration can occur through a reduction in soil disturbance, since more carbon is lost as CO 2 from tilled soils in comparison with reduced or sod-seeding systems: no tillage systems may absorb on average 0.7-1.4 t CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 (INRA 2002, ECCP 2003). This paper compares the effects of conventional ...
Document Information Grant Agreement 633945 Acronym FATIMA Full Title of Project Farming Tools fo... more Document Information Grant Agreement 633945 Acronym FATIMA Full Title of Project Farming Tools for external nutrient inputs and water Management Horizon 2020 Call SFS-02a-2014: External nutrient inputs (Research and innovation Action) Start Date 1 March 2015 Duration 36 months Project website www.fatima-h2020.eu Document URL (insert URL if document is publicly available online) REA Project Officer Arantza Uriarte Project Coordinator Anna Osann Deliverable D3.3.3 Prediction of SOM variability on mid-long term for the compared sustainable and current intensive managed soil-crop systems, including derived i di Work Package WP3.3-Sustainable soil management practices and cropping systems Date of Delivery Contractual M34 Actual
This paper reports an analysis of the possibility of integration of different methodologies for t... more This paper reports an analysis of the possibility of integration of different methodologies for the assessment of the agronomic value of rangelands, aimed at supporting decisions for their sustainable management, that is the long term preservation of their productive potential. The attribution of an agronomie value (Specific index) to each vegetal entity of a given rangeland (i.e. genus, species and subspecies), can be relevant far studies aimed at a preliminary evaluation of their productive potential. It can be also considered a first step for the exploitation of data already available from studies made with different approaches (e.g. phytosociological tables). The Specific indices of each species are classified by geographic area and take into account of synonyms and of the correct name of the most widespread entities of the Mediterranean area. The article is completed by a data base file containing a collection of the Specific indices of 1796 entities attributed by different aut...
The development of climate mitigation services partly depends on our ability to simulate, with co... more The development of climate mitigation services partly depends on our ability to simulate, with confidence, agricultural production and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions so as to understand the effectiveness of the mitigation approach on both gas emissions and food production. The Soil C-N Group of the Global Research Alliance (GRA) on GHG has initiated an international model benchmarking and inter-comparison that will assess GHG balance and soil C sequestration of arable crops and grasslands as affected by agricultural practices. The inter-comparison arises from collaborations between GRA, AgMIP and four FACCE-JPI projects to lead to the largest exercise in this domain. An initial stock take has been conducted, resulting in the selection of datasets from five grasslands and five crop sites worldwide. A total of 28 models used in 11countries for the prediction of GHG emissions in crop and grassland systems are contributing, ranging from process-oriented models to simpler models. The stu...
In traditional agricultural areas, where traditional crops (TCs) are cultivated, small farms are ... more In traditional agricultural areas, where traditional crops (TCs) are cultivated, small farms are still highly represented. Located prevalently in marginal and sensitive areas, agricultural areas have undergone deep transformation. Smallholders have maintained the traditional asset of cultivation (extensive and low input requirement management) only to some extent. In some cases they have adapted traditional orchards into more intensive planting systems. Frequently, they have abandoned agriculture. The land use and management influence soil functions, i.e., the capability of a specific soil to provide key functions in terrestrial ecosystems. In order to assess whether small farms are environmentally sustainable, we used a set of soil quality indicators in three traditional tree crops in the Latium region (central Italy), like hazelnut, grapevine, and Citrus. The soil parameters, chemical, biological, and biochemical, were quantified under three different management models: extensive ...
Soil organic carbon (SOC), the major component of soil organic matter (SOM), is extremely importa... more Soil organic carbon (SOC), the major component of soil organic matter (SOM), is extremely important in all soil processes. Organic material in the soil is essentially derived from plant and animal residues, synthesized by microbes and decomposed under the influence of temperature, moisture and soil conditions. The problem of soil organic carbon depletion is of particular concern in the Mediterranean basin, with mild or moderately cold humid winters and warm dry summers, since high temperatures and reduced soil moisture conditions accelerate decomposition processes. This depletion is often in combination with non-conservative agronomic practices such as deep tillage and the low inputs of organic matter to soils, as well as other soil degradation processes, e.g. soil erosion by water. Typically, soils developed in the Mediterranean basin exhibit a high spatial variability of soil properties, are prone to drought, have low water holding capacity, and are shallow particularly on slopes ...
Globe artichoke is one of the most intensively cultivated horticultural species in Mediterranean ... more Globe artichoke is one of the most intensively cultivated horticultural species in Mediterranean regions. In this context, sustainable agronomic management is a requisite to increase the soil carbon content, making the artichoke cultivation system more resilient to climate change. A 10-year experiment was considered to forecast the influence on soil C dynamic of three globe artichoke managements: monoculture with dry crop residues incorporation (conventional monoculture), monoculture with the inclusion of a cover crop (alternative monoculture), and rotation with cauliflower plus cover crop (biannual rotation). During the 2006–2016 period, total soil organic carbon content and plant C inputs to soil were measured. RothC model was used to predict the effect on the soil C stock and C sequestration potential in 20 years of the three managements tested in the field, plus a hypothetical conventional scenario with no residues’ incorporation (no residues). Plant C inputs increased according...
Elisa Bruni1, Bertrand Guenet1,2, Yuanyuan Huang3, Hugues Clivot4,5, Iñigo Virto6, 5 Roberta Fari... more Elisa Bruni1, Bertrand Guenet1,2, Yuanyuan Huang3, Hugues Clivot4,5, Iñigo Virto6, 5 Roberta Farina7, Thomas Kätterer8, Philippe Ciais1, Manuel Martin9, Claire Chenu10 6 1Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université 7 Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France 8 2LG-ENS (Laboratoire de géologie) CNRS UMR 8538 École normale supérieure, PSL University IPSL, 9 75005 Paris France 10 3CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale 3195, Australia 11 4Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, 68000, Colmar, France 12 5Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, 51097 Reims, France 13 6Departamento de Ciencias. IS-FOOD, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain 14 7CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture 15 and Environment, 00198 Rome, Italy 16 8Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Box 7044, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden 17 9INRA Orléans, InfoSolUnit, Or...
Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe that is 54 % more and 120 % mo... more Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe that is 54 % more and 120 % more for a 1 and 5 • C warming, respectively. We showed that modeled C inputs required to reach the target depended linearly on the initial SOC stocks, raising concern on the feasibility of the 4 per 1000 objective in soils with a higher potential contribution to C sequestration, that is soils with high SOC stocks. Our work highlights the challenge of increasing SOC stocks at a large scale and in a future with a warmer climate.
The production of a biomass as a feedstock for biorefinery is gaining attention in many agricultu... more The production of a biomass as a feedstock for biorefinery is gaining attention in many agricultural areas. The adoption of biorefinery crops (i.e., perennial cardoon) can represent an interesting option for farmers and can contribute to increase soil organic carbon stock (SOCS). The study aimed to assess the potential effect on long-term SOCS change by the introduction of cardoon in a Mediterranean marginal area (Sassari, Italy). To this end, three process-oriented models, namely the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories (Tier 2), a humus-balance model (SOMBIT) and Rothamsted carbon model (RothC), were used to compare two scenarios over 20 years. The traditional cropping system’s faba bean–durum wheat biennial rotation was compared with the same scenario alternating seven years of cardoon cultivation. The model’s calibration was performed using climate, soil and crop data measured in three cardoon trials between 2011 and...
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