Flavoured functional effervescent powders are becoming increasingly popular by consumers due to t... more Flavoured functional effervescent powders are becoming increasingly popular by consumers due to their health benefits and easy dissolution. In present study, orange flavoured effervescent powders having functional properties were prepared. Orange oil (O) was blended with different essential oils (EOs) having high antioxidant activity. The orange oil and the O-EOs blends were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and evaluation of radical scavenging activity. Combinations of two water soluble β-cyclodextrine polymers, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrine (2-HP-β-CD) and epihydrin-β-cyclodextrin (EPI-β-CD) were prepared at different molar ratios (3: 1 and 1: 3, F1 and F2, respectively). The O-EOs blends that showed the highest antioxidant activities and best odour qualities were encapsulated with F1 and F2, separately. The orange flavoured inclusion complexes were prepared by freeze drying method. The particle sizes of the inclusion complex powders were in the ...
Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severit... more Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severity. The growing popularity of herbal medicine, termed the green boom, may be ascribed to people taking a more holistic approach to maintain their health.Traditional medicine is widely used on a regular basis by Malaysians .In this study three medicinal plants (Piper Sarmentosum, MoringaOleifera, MurrayaKoenigii) that are traditionally used in the Malaysians for treating infections, were collected for investigation. The bacteria used in this investigation are both Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria which is S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruinosa and Bacillus Subtilis. The microtitre well plate and disc diffusion assay were used for determining the antibacterial activity of the traditional preparations and plants extracts against the different bacterial strains.Themicrotitre well plate was used for testing the antibacterial activity of the plants against the previously mentioned bacterial str...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
The use of digital imaging for the diagnostic purpose has been increased during last few years. T... more The use of digital imaging for the diagnostic purpose has been increased during last few years. This technique has brought advancement in the field of radiography. The effect of digital imaging on workflow has a direct relation with the performance of technologists. Aim: The predestined aim of this study was to analyze the use and influence of digital imaging on the workflow of the radiologists and also to demonstrate the effects on the overall performance of healthcare delivery. Method: A quantitative method of analysis is used in this study and the study instrument consisted of a questionnaire. The questions relates to the effect of digital imaging on workflow and image quality. Total of100 questionnaires were distributed, and 82 of them were retrieved back. The inclusion criteria include healthcare providers who are radiographers, radiologist and radiology nurses. The healthcare providers of all ages, gender, and ethnicity, were included in this study. Results: according to 70.2%...
The advent of new chemical genetic tools and high-throughput screening technologies and platforms... more The advent of new chemical genetic tools and high-throughput screening technologies and platforms have already led and will continue to lead in accessing the natural product diversity of microorganisms. This thesis represents a continuation of the work on the investigation into means of making better use of the advantages of new technologies and the OSMAC approach (One Strain Many Compounds) in drug discovery that the Atta-ur-Rahman Research Institute of Natural Product Discovery (RiND) at MARA University of Technology has engaged in. The result of this thesis is the MECSUS (Microtiter plate, Elicitors, Combination, Solid phase extraction, UHPLC, Statistical analysis) protocol. It involves miniaturized parallel fermentations in 96-well microtiter plate with up to ninety six different media, parallel extraction of the supernatant layer of the fungus via a polymer based solid phase extraction (SPE) plate, chromatographic assessment of the results via UHPLC, and multivariate analysis o...
Objective: Three furosemide aqueous suspensions for paediatric oral usage (2 mg/ml) were investig... more Objective: Three furosemide aqueous suspensions for paediatric oral usage (2 mg/ml) were investigated to determinate its physicochemical stability under different storage conditions. Method: Formulations using sugar syrup and sugar-free vehicles were stored at 4 and 25 o C and the furosemide content was determined by spectrophotometer. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate at different time points (0, 7, 14, 28, 56, 72 and 90 days). Results: Liquid suspensions were successfully formulated from commercially available tablets. In both cases, samples showed suitable physical stability. Furosemide was chemically stable in aqueous suspension during the 90 days of the study at the two storage temperatures. Conclusions: All the tried oral liquid formulations can be conserved at 4 and 25 o C at least 56, 72 and 90 day period. HeyamAli 1 , Rasha Saad , Ahmed Ahmed 3 , and Babiker El-Haj 4 1 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College Dubai, United Arab Emirates...
The aim of the present study was to formulate once daily sustained release matrix tablets of Stav... more The aim of the present study was to formulate once daily sustained release matrix tablets of Stavudine to increase therapeutic efficacy, reduce frequency of administration and improve patient compliance. The sustained release tablets were prepared by direct compression and formulated using different drug: polymer ratios, formulations such as F1to F15. Hydrophilic polymers like Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Starch 1500 were used. Compatibility of the drug with various excipients was studied. The compressed tablets were evaluated and showed compliance with pharmacopoeial standards. Formulation containing Stavudine:HPMCK15: Na-CMC (1:2:0.5) with hardness 10-11kg/cm 2 showed the desired release profile which matched the theoretical release profile. SEM studies of the formulations were carried out for the confirmation of mechanism of drug release. The in vitro drug release characteristics were studied in both simulated gastric and intestinal fluids for a period of 24 hr using USP Type 2 dissolution apparatus. Mathematical analysis of the release kinetics indicated a coupling of diffusion and erosion mechanisms. The study proves that the developed sustained release tablet is capable of releasing the drug in a sustained manner for 24 hr.
barks, roots, fruits, buds, leaves and other parts of plant are considered as source of essential... more barks, roots, fruits, buds, leaves and other parts of plant are considered as source of essential aromatic oils to cure several ailments. the antioxidant property has been shown to be important in recovery from several diseases. the essential oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves was tested for phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activities. the eucalyptus oil extracted from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus family Myrtaceae was screened for the presence of phytochemicals and their effect on 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) and Nitric oxide free radical. Phytochemical screening of the plants showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and reducing sugars. Eucalyptus globulus is not having any cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones. the free radical scavenging activity of the different concentrations of the leaf oil (10, 20, 40, 60 and 80% (v/v) in DMsO) of E. globulus increased in a concentration dependent fashion. In DPPH method, the oil in 80% (v/v) concentration exhibited 79.55 ± 0.82%. In nitric oxide radical scavenging assay method, it was found that 80% (v/v) concentration exhibited 81.54 ± 0.94% inhibition. It was concluded that leaf oil is potent inhibition of free radicals.
Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is often used to reduce the proteomic sample complexity pri... more Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is often used to reduce the proteomic sample complexity prior to tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The 2D-LC performance depends on the peak capacity in both chromatographic dimensions, and separation orthogonality. The peak capacity and selectivity of many LC modes for peptides is not well known, and mathematical characterization for orthogonality is underdeveloped. Consequently, it is difficult to estimate the performance of 2D-LC for peptide separation. The goal of this paper was to investigate a selectivity of common LC modes and to identify the 2D-LC systems with a useful orthogonality. A geometric approach for orthogonality description was developed and applied for estimation of a practical peak 2D-LC capacity. Selected LC modes including various RP, SCX, SEC, and HILIC were combined in 2D-LC setups. SCX-RP, HILIC-RP, and RP-RP 2D systems were found to provide suitable orthogonality. The RP-RP system (employing significantly different pH in both RP separation dimensions) had the highest practical peak capacity of 2D-LC systems investigated.
International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy
Despite the increase in the number of cosmetic preparations containing antioxidant, sun protectio... more Despite the increase in the number of cosmetic preparations containing antioxidant, sun protection, moisturizing agents, chiefly, due to their actions in preventing the process of skin aging, there is a need to develop herbal formulation in order to obtain safe, stable and multipurpose high efficient quality products. The present study was to develop and evaluate and compare the hydrating, erythema & sun protection of the herbal o/w cream comprising extract of natural product from Aloe vera, in the appropriate concentration. Different types of formulations oil in water (O/W) were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of different concentrations 0f the extract, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 % namely and the base, F1 to F8. The evaluations of all formulations (F1 to F8) were done on different parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability and stability were examined. Formulations F1 and F4 showed good spreadability, good consistency, homogeneity, appearance, pH, spreadability, no evidence of phase separation and ease of removal. The formulations F1-F4were selected for the animal studies. All formulations F1-F4 in concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 % herbal extract. They showed no redness, edema, inflammation and irritation during irritancy studies. These formulations are safe to use for application to check the other parameters. Formulation F3 in concentration 5% showed the best hydration and photo-protection properties. These studies suggest that composition of the extract and the base of the cream of F3 is more appropriate, stable and safe, it may produce synergistic action.
International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research
In the present study the influence of designing and development of sustained release (SR) matrix ... more In the present study the influence of designing and development of sustained release (SR) matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium were investigated. The aim was to increase therapeutic efficacy, reduce frequency of administration, and improve patient compliance. Sustained release matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium, were developed by using different drug: gum ratios, using Xanthan gum as matrix former, microcrystalline cellulose as diluent and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 6000) as release modifier. Formulated tablets were evaluated for friability, hardness, thickness and their relation to the amount of gum: drug ratio and drug release. The drug release was evaluated in different pH, rotation speed and stirrer. All the formulations showed compliance with pharmacopeial standards. Formulation consisting of drug: Gum ratio of 1:0.12 showed sustained release of drug for 12 hours with 89.67% release. The release pattern showed constant kinetics. Thus, (Xanthan Gum) can be used in as effective mat...
ABSTRACT Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging i... more ABSTRACT Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severity. The growing popularity of herbal medicine, termed the green boom, may be ascribed to people taking a more holistic approach to maintain their health.Traditional medicine is widely used on a regular basis by Malaysians .In this study three medicinal plants (Piper Sarmentosum, Moringa Oleifera, Murraya Koenigii) that are traditionally used in the Malaysians for treating infections, were collected for investigation. The bacteria used in this investigation are both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which is S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruinosa and Bacillus Subtilis. The microtitre well plate and disc diffusion assay were used for determining the antibacterial activity of the traditional preparations and plants extracts against the different bacterial strains.The microtitre well plate was used for testing the antibacterial activity of the plants against the previously mentioned bacterial strains. Disc diffusion assay were also used as an alternative method for determining antibacterial activity of the plant extracts against the bacterial strains of these bacteria. Disc diffusion assay use uniform plant extractions concentrations which are 1mg, 10mg and 100mg. Two conventional antibiotic disc which is the broad spectrum antibiotics, Tetracycline and Erthromycin were used as positive control while alcohol 100% were was used as negative control. The results shows that extracts of Murraya koenigii gave the highest antibacterial activity against S.aureus and P.aeruginosa followed by Piper sarmentosum and the extracts of Moringa oleifera inhibited the lowest number of bacterial strains. All extracts show minimal inhibitory or no inhibitory against E.coli and Bacillus Subtilis. The highest concentration that show highest antibacterial activity on disc diffusion assay were used as initial concentration in the microtitre well plate. Serial dilutions were made to produce highest concentration to lowest concentrations of extractions. Each bacterial of four bacteria strains were used as bacteria growth indicator. Uniform plant extract concentrations were tested for all extracts and bacteria strains. Lowest concentration that show no growth indicated as minimum inhibitory concentrations. P.aeruginosa and S.aureus shown MIC for plants extractions of Murraya Koenigii.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Nature has been a source of medicines for treating various types of diseas... more ABSTRACT Introduction: Nature has been a source of medicines for treating various types of diseases in humans and animals. Endophytic Aspergillus HAB10R12 was isolated from Garcinia scortechinii (kenondong krot @ kandis), collected in a secondary forest in Kuala Pilah. It was shown to contain notably five cytotoxic peptides, for which a patent was applied. In order to further develop these compounds, larger quantities were separated. The five peptides, A-1 to A-5 showed excellent activity against human breast cancer and colonic carcinoma. Two of the peptides, A-3 and A-5 were 4000 times more active when compared with commercial anticancer drugs (fluorouracil, cisplatin and tamoxifen). Unfortunately, these peptides are produced in a very small quantity together with a number of non active compounds.
The aim of this primary study is to identify students' perspectives, analyze the issues invol... more The aim of this primary study is to identify students' perspectives, analyze the issues involved with team teaching in interdisciplinary courses and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of team teaching before implementation in Dubai Pharmacy College, UAE. Participants included 76 students, second year class, (female) and two full time faculty members act as course instructors, responsible for teaching physical pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics interdisciplinary courses. All respondents had no prior experiences with team taught classes. The main research method was a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The research data included student scores, structured designed questionnaires, teachers’ self-reflection and students' perception. The research findings showed that the two teaching methods showed significant difference in respect of students’ perception. More than half of the experimental students preferred team teaching to traditional teaching. The refle...
Antioxidants can prevent or slow the oxidative damage to our body cells. This study was conducted... more Antioxidants can prevent or slow the oxidative damage to our body cells. This study was conducted in order to determine if there is any relationship between electrical current conductivity and antioxidant property of the ten Malaysian medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to measure the antioxidant property of the herbal extracts, as well as to measure the ability of the herbal extracts to conduct an electrical current. Ten herbs were selected randomly, Strobilaunthus crispa, Pereskia sacharosa, Ehretia laevis, Plectranthus ambinicus, Orthosiphon staminous, Androghophis panculata, Persicaria odorata, Clinacantus nutans, Curry leaves and Frankincense. They were identified and prepared for extraction. The methanol extracts were obtained by ultrasonification extraction method. The antioxidant property was carried out using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) reagent. The pH was measured using a pH meter and the phytochemical elements were also tested. Finally the electrica...
International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research
This study was conducted in order to determine if the herbal extract having antioxidant property.... more This study was conducted in order to determine if the herbal extract having antioxidant property. The major princible is to find out if there is any relationship between electrical current conductivity and antioxidant property of the ten Malaysian medicinal plants. The objective of this study achieved by measuring the antioxidant property of the herbal extracts, as well as to measure the ability of the herbal extracts to conduct an electrical current. Ten herbs were selected randomly, Strobilaunthus crispa, Pereskia sacharosa, Ehretia laevis, Plectranthus ambinicus, Orthosiphon staminous, Androghophis panculata, Persicaria odorata, Clinacantus nutans, Curry leaves and Frankincense. They were identified and prepared for extraction. The methanol extracts were obtained by ultrasonification extraction method. The antioxidant property was carried out using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) reagent. The pH was measured using a pH meter and the phytochemical elements were also tested. F...
Flavoured functional effervescent powders are becoming increasingly popular by consumers due to t... more Flavoured functional effervescent powders are becoming increasingly popular by consumers due to their health benefits and easy dissolution. In present study, orange flavoured effervescent powders having functional properties were prepared. Orange oil (O) was blended with different essential oils (EOs) having high antioxidant activity. The orange oil and the O-EOs blends were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and evaluation of radical scavenging activity. Combinations of two water soluble β-cyclodextrine polymers, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrine (2-HP-β-CD) and epihydrin-β-cyclodextrin (EPI-β-CD) were prepared at different molar ratios (3: 1 and 1: 3, F1 and F2, respectively). The O-EOs blends that showed the highest antioxidant activities and best odour qualities were encapsulated with F1 and F2, separately. The orange flavoured inclusion complexes were prepared by freeze drying method. The particle sizes of the inclusion complex powders were in the ...
Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severit... more Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severity. The growing popularity of herbal medicine, termed the green boom, may be ascribed to people taking a more holistic approach to maintain their health.Traditional medicine is widely used on a regular basis by Malaysians .In this study three medicinal plants (Piper Sarmentosum, MoringaOleifera, MurrayaKoenigii) that are traditionally used in the Malaysians for treating infections, were collected for investigation. The bacteria used in this investigation are both Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria which is S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruinosa and Bacillus Subtilis. The microtitre well plate and disc diffusion assay were used for determining the antibacterial activity of the traditional preparations and plants extracts against the different bacterial strains.Themicrotitre well plate was used for testing the antibacterial activity of the plants against the previously mentioned bacterial str...
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2015
The use of digital imaging for the diagnostic purpose has been increased during last few years. T... more The use of digital imaging for the diagnostic purpose has been increased during last few years. This technique has brought advancement in the field of radiography. The effect of digital imaging on workflow has a direct relation with the performance of technologists. Aim: The predestined aim of this study was to analyze the use and influence of digital imaging on the workflow of the radiologists and also to demonstrate the effects on the overall performance of healthcare delivery. Method: A quantitative method of analysis is used in this study and the study instrument consisted of a questionnaire. The questions relates to the effect of digital imaging on workflow and image quality. Total of100 questionnaires were distributed, and 82 of them were retrieved back. The inclusion criteria include healthcare providers who are radiographers, radiologist and radiology nurses. The healthcare providers of all ages, gender, and ethnicity, were included in this study. Results: according to 70.2%...
The advent of new chemical genetic tools and high-throughput screening technologies and platforms... more The advent of new chemical genetic tools and high-throughput screening technologies and platforms have already led and will continue to lead in accessing the natural product diversity of microorganisms. This thesis represents a continuation of the work on the investigation into means of making better use of the advantages of new technologies and the OSMAC approach (One Strain Many Compounds) in drug discovery that the Atta-ur-Rahman Research Institute of Natural Product Discovery (RiND) at MARA University of Technology has engaged in. The result of this thesis is the MECSUS (Microtiter plate, Elicitors, Combination, Solid phase extraction, UHPLC, Statistical analysis) protocol. It involves miniaturized parallel fermentations in 96-well microtiter plate with up to ninety six different media, parallel extraction of the supernatant layer of the fungus via a polymer based solid phase extraction (SPE) plate, chromatographic assessment of the results via UHPLC, and multivariate analysis o...
Objective: Three furosemide aqueous suspensions for paediatric oral usage (2 mg/ml) were investig... more Objective: Three furosemide aqueous suspensions for paediatric oral usage (2 mg/ml) were investigated to determinate its physicochemical stability under different storage conditions. Method: Formulations using sugar syrup and sugar-free vehicles were stored at 4 and 25 o C and the furosemide content was determined by spectrophotometer. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate at different time points (0, 7, 14, 28, 56, 72 and 90 days). Results: Liquid suspensions were successfully formulated from commercially available tablets. In both cases, samples showed suitable physical stability. Furosemide was chemically stable in aqueous suspension during the 90 days of the study at the two storage temperatures. Conclusions: All the tried oral liquid formulations can be conserved at 4 and 25 o C at least 56, 72 and 90 day period. HeyamAli 1 , Rasha Saad , Ahmed Ahmed 3 , and Babiker El-Haj 4 1 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College Dubai, United Arab Emirates...
The aim of the present study was to formulate once daily sustained release matrix tablets of Stav... more The aim of the present study was to formulate once daily sustained release matrix tablets of Stavudine to increase therapeutic efficacy, reduce frequency of administration and improve patient compliance. The sustained release tablets were prepared by direct compression and formulated using different drug: polymer ratios, formulations such as F1to F15. Hydrophilic polymers like Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Starch 1500 were used. Compatibility of the drug with various excipients was studied. The compressed tablets were evaluated and showed compliance with pharmacopoeial standards. Formulation containing Stavudine:HPMCK15: Na-CMC (1:2:0.5) with hardness 10-11kg/cm 2 showed the desired release profile which matched the theoretical release profile. SEM studies of the formulations were carried out for the confirmation of mechanism of drug release. The in vitro drug release characteristics were studied in both simulated gastric and intestinal fluids for a period of 24 hr using USP Type 2 dissolution apparatus. Mathematical analysis of the release kinetics indicated a coupling of diffusion and erosion mechanisms. The study proves that the developed sustained release tablet is capable of releasing the drug in a sustained manner for 24 hr.
barks, roots, fruits, buds, leaves and other parts of plant are considered as source of essential... more barks, roots, fruits, buds, leaves and other parts of plant are considered as source of essential aromatic oils to cure several ailments. the antioxidant property has been shown to be important in recovery from several diseases. the essential oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves was tested for phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activities. the eucalyptus oil extracted from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus family Myrtaceae was screened for the presence of phytochemicals and their effect on 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) and Nitric oxide free radical. Phytochemical screening of the plants showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and reducing sugars. Eucalyptus globulus is not having any cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones. the free radical scavenging activity of the different concentrations of the leaf oil (10, 20, 40, 60 and 80% (v/v) in DMsO) of E. globulus increased in a concentration dependent fashion. In DPPH method, the oil in 80% (v/v) concentration exhibited 79.55 ± 0.82%. In nitric oxide radical scavenging assay method, it was found that 80% (v/v) concentration exhibited 81.54 ± 0.94% inhibition. It was concluded that leaf oil is potent inhibition of free radicals.
Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is often used to reduce the proteomic sample complexity pri... more Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is often used to reduce the proteomic sample complexity prior to tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The 2D-LC performance depends on the peak capacity in both chromatographic dimensions, and separation orthogonality. The peak capacity and selectivity of many LC modes for peptides is not well known, and mathematical characterization for orthogonality is underdeveloped. Consequently, it is difficult to estimate the performance of 2D-LC for peptide separation. The goal of this paper was to investigate a selectivity of common LC modes and to identify the 2D-LC systems with a useful orthogonality. A geometric approach for orthogonality description was developed and applied for estimation of a practical peak 2D-LC capacity. Selected LC modes including various RP, SCX, SEC, and HILIC were combined in 2D-LC setups. SCX-RP, HILIC-RP, and RP-RP 2D systems were found to provide suitable orthogonality. The RP-RP system (employing significantly different pH in both RP separation dimensions) had the highest practical peak capacity of 2D-LC systems investigated.
International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy
Despite the increase in the number of cosmetic preparations containing antioxidant, sun protectio... more Despite the increase in the number of cosmetic preparations containing antioxidant, sun protection, moisturizing agents, chiefly, due to their actions in preventing the process of skin aging, there is a need to develop herbal formulation in order to obtain safe, stable and multipurpose high efficient quality products. The present study was to develop and evaluate and compare the hydrating, erythema & sun protection of the herbal o/w cream comprising extract of natural product from Aloe vera, in the appropriate concentration. Different types of formulations oil in water (O/W) were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of different concentrations 0f the extract, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 % namely and the base, F1 to F8. The evaluations of all formulations (F1 to F8) were done on different parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability and stability were examined. Formulations F1 and F4 showed good spreadability, good consistency, homogeneity, appearance, pH, spreadability, no evidence of phase separation and ease of removal. The formulations F1-F4were selected for the animal studies. All formulations F1-F4 in concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 % herbal extract. They showed no redness, edema, inflammation and irritation during irritancy studies. These formulations are safe to use for application to check the other parameters. Formulation F3 in concentration 5% showed the best hydration and photo-protection properties. These studies suggest that composition of the extract and the base of the cream of F3 is more appropriate, stable and safe, it may produce synergistic action.
International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research
In the present study the influence of designing and development of sustained release (SR) matrix ... more In the present study the influence of designing and development of sustained release (SR) matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium were investigated. The aim was to increase therapeutic efficacy, reduce frequency of administration, and improve patient compliance. Sustained release matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium, were developed by using different drug: gum ratios, using Xanthan gum as matrix former, microcrystalline cellulose as diluent and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 6000) as release modifier. Formulated tablets were evaluated for friability, hardness, thickness and their relation to the amount of gum: drug ratio and drug release. The drug release was evaluated in different pH, rotation speed and stirrer. All the formulations showed compliance with pharmacopeial standards. Formulation consisting of drug: Gum ratio of 1:0.12 showed sustained release of drug for 12 hours with 89.67% release. The release pattern showed constant kinetics. Thus, (Xanthan Gum) can be used in as effective mat...
ABSTRACT Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging i... more ABSTRACT Herbal medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severity. The growing popularity of herbal medicine, termed the green boom, may be ascribed to people taking a more holistic approach to maintain their health.Traditional medicine is widely used on a regular basis by Malaysians .In this study three medicinal plants (Piper Sarmentosum, Moringa Oleifera, Murraya Koenigii) that are traditionally used in the Malaysians for treating infections, were collected for investigation. The bacteria used in this investigation are both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which is S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruinosa and Bacillus Subtilis. The microtitre well plate and disc diffusion assay were used for determining the antibacterial activity of the traditional preparations and plants extracts against the different bacterial strains.The microtitre well plate was used for testing the antibacterial activity of the plants against the previously mentioned bacterial strains. Disc diffusion assay were also used as an alternative method for determining antibacterial activity of the plant extracts against the bacterial strains of these bacteria. Disc diffusion assay use uniform plant extractions concentrations which are 1mg, 10mg and 100mg. Two conventional antibiotic disc which is the broad spectrum antibiotics, Tetracycline and Erthromycin were used as positive control while alcohol 100% were was used as negative control. The results shows that extracts of Murraya koenigii gave the highest antibacterial activity against S.aureus and P.aeruginosa followed by Piper sarmentosum and the extracts of Moringa oleifera inhibited the lowest number of bacterial strains. All extracts show minimal inhibitory or no inhibitory against E.coli and Bacillus Subtilis. The highest concentration that show highest antibacterial activity on disc diffusion assay were used as initial concentration in the microtitre well plate. Serial dilutions were made to produce highest concentration to lowest concentrations of extractions. Each bacterial of four bacteria strains were used as bacteria growth indicator. Uniform plant extract concentrations were tested for all extracts and bacteria strains. Lowest concentration that show no growth indicated as minimum inhibitory concentrations. P.aeruginosa and S.aureus shown MIC for plants extractions of Murraya Koenigii.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Nature has been a source of medicines for treating various types of diseas... more ABSTRACT Introduction: Nature has been a source of medicines for treating various types of diseases in humans and animals. Endophytic Aspergillus HAB10R12 was isolated from Garcinia scortechinii (kenondong krot @ kandis), collected in a secondary forest in Kuala Pilah. It was shown to contain notably five cytotoxic peptides, for which a patent was applied. In order to further develop these compounds, larger quantities were separated. The five peptides, A-1 to A-5 showed excellent activity against human breast cancer and colonic carcinoma. Two of the peptides, A-3 and A-5 were 4000 times more active when compared with commercial anticancer drugs (fluorouracil, cisplatin and tamoxifen). Unfortunately, these peptides are produced in a very small quantity together with a number of non active compounds.
The aim of this primary study is to identify students' perspectives, analyze the issues invol... more The aim of this primary study is to identify students' perspectives, analyze the issues involved with team teaching in interdisciplinary courses and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of team teaching before implementation in Dubai Pharmacy College, UAE. Participants included 76 students, second year class, (female) and two full time faculty members act as course instructors, responsible for teaching physical pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics interdisciplinary courses. All respondents had no prior experiences with team taught classes. The main research method was a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The research data included student scores, structured designed questionnaires, teachers’ self-reflection and students' perception. The research findings showed that the two teaching methods showed significant difference in respect of students’ perception. More than half of the experimental students preferred team teaching to traditional teaching. The refle...
Antioxidants can prevent or slow the oxidative damage to our body cells. This study was conducted... more Antioxidants can prevent or slow the oxidative damage to our body cells. This study was conducted in order to determine if there is any relationship between electrical current conductivity and antioxidant property of the ten Malaysian medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to measure the antioxidant property of the herbal extracts, as well as to measure the ability of the herbal extracts to conduct an electrical current. Ten herbs were selected randomly, Strobilaunthus crispa, Pereskia sacharosa, Ehretia laevis, Plectranthus ambinicus, Orthosiphon staminous, Androghophis panculata, Persicaria odorata, Clinacantus nutans, Curry leaves and Frankincense. They were identified and prepared for extraction. The methanol extracts were obtained by ultrasonification extraction method. The antioxidant property was carried out using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) reagent. The pH was measured using a pH meter and the phytochemical elements were also tested. Finally the electrica...
International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research
This study was conducted in order to determine if the herbal extract having antioxidant property.... more This study was conducted in order to determine if the herbal extract having antioxidant property. The major princible is to find out if there is any relationship between electrical current conductivity and antioxidant property of the ten Malaysian medicinal plants. The objective of this study achieved by measuring the antioxidant property of the herbal extracts, as well as to measure the ability of the herbal extracts to conduct an electrical current. Ten herbs were selected randomly, Strobilaunthus crispa, Pereskia sacharosa, Ehretia laevis, Plectranthus ambinicus, Orthosiphon staminous, Androghophis panculata, Persicaria odorata, Clinacantus nutans, Curry leaves and Frankincense. They were identified and prepared for extraction. The methanol extracts were obtained by ultrasonification extraction method. The antioxidant property was carried out using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) reagent. The pH was measured using a pH meter and the phytochemical elements were also tested. F...
Uploads
Papers by Rasha Saad