Papers by Ramdan Abouzied
Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 2015
wo trials were conducted for three weeks)one during June and the other during July 2014 (to evalu... more wo trials were conducted for three weeks)one during June and the other during July 2014 (to evaluate the effect of protein level and hapa exchange times on growth performance and profitability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fries during sex reversal stage in a commercial hatchery, Fayoum governorate, Egypt. The first one was conducted in six hapa (2 per each treatment) with size of 10.2 m 3 (4 × 3 × 0.85 m). The hapas were stocked with Nile tilapia fry at a rate of 50,000 fry/hapa. Three diets varying in protein level [fish meal as animal protein source] were formed as follows: the D72 [100% fish meal (FM) = 72 % Crude Protein (CP)]; the D53 (70% FM + 30% wheat flour = 53% CP) and D377 (33.33% FM + 33.33 % wheat flour + 33.33 % commercial diets = 37% CP). The diets were offered to the fry five times/day at a rate of 30% of total biomass weight/first week then decreased gradually by 10% every week. The second trial was to study the effect of hapa exchange times [zero time (0TT); one time (1TT) and two times (2TT) treatments, where, every treatment had two replicates] on the fry growth performance. The fry were fed with D377 (37% CP) which was mentioned previously at the first trail at the same feeding rate and times/day. The hapas of both first and second trails were fixed in an earthen pond (3000 m 2). The results obtained from the first trail revealed that significant differences (P≤0.05) were found for all growth performance parameters .The D72 has the best values for final weight, weight gain, daily gain, specific growth rate. On the other hand, survival rate and feed conversion ratio have an opposite trend for that treatment (D72) when it was compared with the other treatments. But the profit index (PI) was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) for fish fed D37 followed by D53 and finally D72. The results of the second trail demonstrated that there were significant differences (P≤0.05) for all growth parameters the best values was obtained with both 1TT and 2TT when were compared with 0TT.
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the a... more This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Egypt's aquaculture production (705,490 tonnes in 2009) is by far the largest of any African country and places it 11th in terms of global aquaculture production. The aquaculture sector in Egypt is now a mature one having developed over a period of more than 30 years, but the financial performance of the sector is not well understood or documented, even though value-chain analysis provides a methodological tool to do so. To provide a better understanding of the sector, a WorldFish Center study completed in September 2011 and funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, conducted a value-chain analysis of the pond fish farming sector. The sector concentrates on the production of tilapia with additional production of mullet, catfish and carp from earthen ponds. The study mapped the value-chain and showed that there is no processing and virtually no export of farmed fish, a short time-period from harvest to final consumption by the consumer (typically around one day) due to the live/fresh nature of all sales, and very low rates (b 1%) of post-harvest losses. Quantitative data were collected for each link in the value-chain on operational and financial performance (e.g. gross output values, variable and fixed costs, operational and net profit margins, value-added generation), and on employment creation (by gender, age and full-time/part-time). The results showed that the industry generates a combined LE 4619 ($775) of value-added (i.e. profits plus wages/earnings) for farmers, traders and retailers for each tonne of fish produced. Employment generation is also significant with around 14 full-time equivalent jobs generated for every 100 tonnes of fish produced. However, the sector as a whole is under increasing financial pressure. Critical factors impacting on the performance of the value-chain relate to inputs (most importantly to rising feed costs and the poor quality of fry), to production (most importantly to poor practices with regard to feed management, farm design and construction, fish health management, and stocking densities), and to the marketing, transportation and sale of product (most importantly to declining fish prices in real terms, consumer preference for wild fish and a distrust of filleted/processed products, fluctuating seasonal prices, poor hygiene and handling practices, the lack of value-addition through processing, and the lack of exports). This paper highlights the benefits of value-chain analysis as a useful tool to understand sector performance and argues for its wider use in identifying critical factors and actions to support aquaculture sector improvements.
SUMMARY his experiment was conducted at Shakshouk Fish Research Station, National Institute of Oc... more SUMMARY his experiment was conducted at Shakshouk Fish Research Station, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Fayoum Governorate in order to examine the possibility spawning Red tilapia on water and under conditions of Lake Qarun (fish added newly-Lake) and the possibility of improving spawning these fish through the experience has been outdoor (lighting natural) and indoor with evaluation of supplementation diets with palm pollen grains at level (zero and 1%) for each ponds indoor and outdoor. Results showed that possibility spawning Red tilapia under conditions of Lake Qarun. Addition palm pollen grains didn't affect on hatching outdoor because the biggest impact was to the environmental conditions especially the lighting. But indoor has influenced by palm pollen grains with improvement than free diets. The 1% palm pollen diet was better utilized in the indoor diets than the diet without palm pollen grains.
SUMMARY wo trials were conducted with fry gilthead Sea bream, the first studied the effect of par... more SUMMARY wo trials were conducted with fry gilthead Sea bream, the first studied the effect of partial replacement of fish meal by plant protein (PP) (33%, 50% and 66% PP) under two stocking densities (40 and 55 fry/m 3). The second was to study the effect of concrete pond area (1 and 10 m 3 water capacity). The results showed that in the first trial, the partial replacement of fish meal protein with plant protein had significant effects (P0.05) on the growth performance parameters such as final weight, total gain and specific growth rate. While the highest values were obtained with the diet contained 33% plant protein. Survival rate was within the range 83.55-86.58% with significant differences. The higher feed consumption was observed for those fish fed higher levels of fish meal (33% PP) under density 55 fry/m 3 compared to other diets. Regarding to docking density the results indicated that 55 fry/m 3 improved growth performance and FCR compared with stocking density of 40 fry/m 3. Diets affect body chemical composition significantly where 50% PP had the greatest effect of body protein and the lowest ether extract. In the second trial, results showed that concrete ponds area had significant effects (P0.05) on growth performance p a r a m e t e r s a n d i m p r o v e d F C R w h e r e b i g p o n d r e c o r d (1 0 m 3) h i g h e s t v a l u e s .
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of virginiamycin (nutritive antibiotic) or lacto-... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of virginiamycin (nutritive antibiotic) or lacto-sacc (probiotic) on survival rate, growth performance, feed utilization and economical efficiencies of Nile tilapia fry during the nursing period (50 days). Fries with initial weight of 0.2 g were stocked at a rate of 50000 fry/pond in 10 nursing earthen ponds. Each pond of 0.5 feddan, 2100 m 2 , area, the water level was 110 cm and its quality was good. Fries were fed on isonitrogenus (35% CP) isocaloric (4.599 kcal/g GE) diets at a rate of 8% from their body mass. Diets were supplemented with virginiamycin or lacto-sacc at a rate of 0, 0.05 and 0.1% to form five tested diets (without supplementation, control (T 1), 0.05% Virginiamycin (T 2), 0.1% virginiamycin (T 3), 0.05% lacto-sacc (T 4) and 0.1% lacto-sacc (T 5). Each tested diet was represented in two ponds. The results showed that diets supplemented with virginiamycin or lacto-sacc significantly improved (P<0.01) growth performance, survival rates of fries and their feed utilization efficiency. The best results were obtained with T 3 followed by T 5, T 2 , T 4 and T 1 (control), respectively. Body chemical composition of fish not affected significantly. Diets supplemented with virginiamycin or lacto-sacc had positive effect on economical efficiency of fries production. Comparing supplementation levels, the T 3 and T 5 were the best. Under the experimental condition 0.1% virginiamycin or 0.1 % lacto-sacc could be recommended as a feed additive in diets of Nile tilapia during the nursing period.
SUMMARY his trial was conducted for twenty one days to evaluate the efficacy of feeding rate and ... more SUMMARY his trial was conducted for twenty one days to evaluate the efficacy of feeding rate and frequency on growth performance, sex conversion ratio and profitability of monosex tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry followed by a 45 days feeding trial to determine sex conversion ratio. A total of 360000 fry of three days-old (weight 10.99±0.01mg in average) were stocked in twelve hapa (2×4×1 m) at the rate of 30000 fry/hapa. The hapas were divided into six treatments on the basis of feeding rates and frequencies viz. changeable rates 30>20>10 and 4 times/day (T1), rate 30>20>10 and 6 times/day (T2), constant rate 20% for 4 times/day (T3), rate 20% for 6 times/day (T4), rate 15% for 4 times/day (T5) and rate 15% for 6 times/day (T6) having two replications. Fry were fed mixed feed with 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) hormone at a rate of 100 mg/kg diet and supplemented with mixture of vitamin C and selenium. The water quality parameters were within suitable ranges for proper growth of O. niloticus. After ending the trial period, significant variations (P≤0.05) were observed in six treatments and T2 showed the best performance in case of all parameters studied such as final weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, sex conversion ratio and profitability. The lowest values were obtained with T5 (feeding rate 15% and 4 times/day).
SUMMARY This experiment was conducted to compare the effect of two resting system for 15 days of ... more SUMMARY This experiment was conducted to compare the effect of two resting system for 15 days of broodstock (rest in hapas and rest in ponds) versus no-resting control treatment on 6 months larvae production and spawning synchrony of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus stocked in 12 hapa with a water volume of 25 m 3 /hapa suspended in earthen pond, four hapa/treatment. Adult males and females with mean body weights of 140 g and 125.4 g, were stocked at a rate of 120 fish/hapa with a male to female sex ratio of 1:3. Water temperature at 29 ± 1.0 °C and salinity 2.4 ppt were maintained throughout the experiment. The results showed that broodstock in the rest system had higher seed production and spawning synchrony compared with those in no rest. The resting system resulted in an increase from 20.6 to 31.7% in larvae/female. The different spawning parameters of broodstock in the rest in hapa and rest in pond were higher than in the no rest (control). Results suggested that broodstock resting strategy had a long-term improvement effect on larvae production and spawning synchrony, and resting all breeders in ponds was more profitable but faced a problem, its needed two pond more than hatchery pond which is not available in most hatcheries.
SUMMARY wo trials were conducted for three weeks)one during June and the other during July 2014(t... more SUMMARY wo trials were conducted for three weeks)one during June and the other during July 2014(to evaluate the effect of protein level and hapa exchange times on growth performance and profitability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fries during sex reversal stage in a commercial hatchery, Fayoum governorate, Egypt. The first one was conducted in six hapa (2 per each treatment) with size of 10.2 m 3 (4 × 3 × 0.85 m). The hapas were stocked with Nile tilapia fry at a rate of 50,000 fry/hapa. Three diets varying in protein level [fish meal as animal protein source] were formed as follows: the D 72 [100% fish meal (FM) = 72 % Crude Protein (CP)]; the D 53 (70% FM + 30% wheat flour = 53% CP) and D37 7 (33.33% FM + 33.33 % wheat flour + 33.33 % commercial diets = 37% CP). The diets were offered to the fry five times/day at a rate of 30% of total biomass weight/first week then decreased gradually by 10% every week. The second trial was to study the effect of hapa exchange times [zero time (0TT); one time (1TT) and two times (2TT) treatments, where, every treatment had two replicates] on the fry growth performance. The fry were fed with D37 7 (37% CP) which was mentioned previously at the first trail at the same feeding rate and times/day. The hapas of both first and second trails were fixed in an earthen pond (3000 m 2). The results obtained from the first trail revealed that significant differences (P≤0.05) were found for all growth performance parameters .The D 72 has the best values for final weight, weight gain, daily gain, specific growth rate. On the other hand, survival rate and feed conversion ratio have an opposite trend for that treatment (D 72) when it was compared with the other treatments. But the profit index (PI) was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) for fish fed D 37 followed by D 53 and finally D 72. The results of the second trail demonstrated that there were significant differences (P≤0.05) for all growth parameters the best values was obtained with both 1TT and 2TT when were compared with 0TT.
SUMMARY total number of 425000 fingerlings of mono sex Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, of 5.... more SUMMARY total number of 425000 fingerlings of mono sex Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, of 5.5 g initial body weight were randomly allotted equally in 17 earthen ponds , one feddan each, in commercial farm at Behera Governoratr. Fish were fed three diets. The first two are farm made diets contained Distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at 30% of diet and 25% of plant protein percentage without or with local fish meal (T1& T2 respectively, 5 ponds each). The third one was a manufactured diet (in 7 ponds). Fingerlings were housed for 255 days, feed was offered 3 times daily at the rate of 5% of body weight during the first 30 days and then decreased to 3% for six days a week until harvesting. Farm made diets were formulated using mixer and simple piston. Data collected were on growth performance, feed utilization, survival rate and economic efficiency. Results showed that diets with DDGS without local fishmeal recorded the highest economic efficiency followed by that contained fish meal, then the manufactured one. However final body weight, weight gain, average daily gain and specific growth rate was the best with the manufactured diet.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of extruded diets (floating and sinking) on growth parame... more This study aimed to evaluate the effect of extruded diets (floating and sinking) on growth parameters, feed utilization and economic efficiency of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in commercial farms. A total number of (100000) mono sex Nile tilapia fingerlings of 5.27 ± 0.01 g initial body weight in average were allotted randomly into four earthen ponds (two feddan/each). Two diets were used extruded floating diet (EFD) and extruded sinking diet (ESD), from zoo control company. The diets contained the same level of protein, carbohydrate and fat as formulation and ingredients of the experimental diets were the same. Each diet contained in average 27.37% CP and 4.57 kcal/g GE. Fish were fed pelleted extruded diet type at a rate of 3% of the total body weightand was adjusted every month intervals until harvesting. Results cleared that final mean weight and weight gain were significantly (P≤0.05) better with EFD, while lower values were recorded with ESD, but daily gain and specific growth rate insignificantly affected by diet type.Feed intake was significantly decreased with EFD. FCR values were significantly better with EFD than ESD. Survival rates insignificantly affected and ranged between 87.23 and 92.10%. Net returns and profit index were significantly high with EFD than sinking diet. In conclusion regarding to final weight, survival rate, net returns and profit index, the EFD was best feed if served suitable environmental condition specially low wind speed and lack of birds.
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Papers by Ramdan Abouzied