To know the relationship of morphological variation of sella turcica (ST) with Class II malocclus... more To know the relationship of morphological variation of sella turcica (ST) with Class II malocclusion. The sample in this study were 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs divided into two groups Class I and Class II skeletal malocclusion based on the ANB value, each group was randomized and identified by morphology of ST and later compared with the value ANB from each group. The findings of this study indicate a significant difference between morphological variation of ST in Class I and class II malocclusion. The normal morphology of ST was observed in, 68% of Class I and 12% of Class II skeletal malocclusion subjects. Irregular (notching) of the posterior wall was higher in Class II malocclusion (26%) and in Class I malocclusion, it was only 8%. To distinguish between normal and atypical appearances, the orthodontist should be conversant with the various morphologies of the ST.
Globally, roadway traffic noise is a growing problem, particularly, in the urban areas and is con... more Globally, roadway traffic noise is a growing problem, particularly, in the urban areas and is considered a sustainable “quality of life” issue. In the context of India as well, transportation-related noise is a major concern in the urban areas of major cities, particularly, in the vicinity of hospitals, schools, libraries, etc. The major objective of this research study was to develop a methodology to evaluate tire / pavement noise of the various road types and sections in Bangalore. The scope of the effort included field noise measurements of the seventeen conventional asphalt concrete (AC), four portland cement concrete (PCC), and two Plastic Modified asphalt concrete (PMAC) in Bangalore city covering about 24 kilometers of roadway stretches at varying traffic speeds. Field noise measurements were performed using a noise meter mounted underneath a trailer developed in this study and attached to the parent vehicle (car). Overall, PMAC sections produced the highest noise levels than...
Polyphenols-based Nanotherapeutics for Cancer Management, 2021
Every year, large populations of primary malignant brain tumors are reported, of which approximat... more Every year, large populations of primary malignant brain tumors are reported, of which approximately 70% are malignant gliomas. Over half of malignant glioma patients are of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) linked with high mortality rates. The progression of GBM leads through several complicated pathways, which have also been expressed in the recurring segment. Previous researches have shown that various compounds found in edible plants, known colloquially as phytochemicals, can simultaneously influence multiple genetic pathways and can be used to treat GBM as a potential drug agent. Polysaccharides and flavonoids are among the phytochemicals extensively analyzed for their antioxidant, antineoplastic, and anti-inflammatory actions. Likewise, a broad detail of phytochemicals that have significant effects on GBM had been provided. Green nanoparticles have the ability to prevent or reverse carcinogenesis by halting or redirecting the start process or stopping the progression phase. Centered on a deep understanding of the intrinsic properties of GBM, such novel methods of drug delivery have demonstrated promise to overcome certain barriers. The BBB obstructs drug distribution to the brain and inhibits the efficacy of both old and new medications at the specified location. Because current GBM treatments are preventative instead of therapeutic, new delivery mechanisms are critical, and nanoparticles will be at the forefront of future initiatives. This chapter discusses the role of natural phytochemicals in enhancing glioblastoma patient expectancy and life expectancy by increasing treatment potential and reducing significant side effects. Furthermore, many novel GBM treatments will use better delivery systems and abandon the current approach of injecting medications and devices directly into the tumor. Nano-biotechnology, especially nanoparticles, contributes significantly to improving the delivery of drugs into carcinoma cells, and many of these technologies can be used in GBM. Finally, this chapter therefore emphasized the potential of natural products and novel drug delivery systems in GBM treatment by regulating multiple cancer pathways, such as toxicity reduction and side effects.
Cell signal transduction pathways are essential modulators of several physiological and pathologi... more Cell signal transduction pathways are essential modulators of several physiological and pathological processes in the brain. During overactivation, these signaling processes may lead to disease progression. Abnormal protein kinase activation is associated with several biological dysfunctions that facilitate neurodegeneration under different biological conditions. As a result, these signaling pathways are essential in understanding brain disorders' development or progression. Recent research findings indicate the crucial role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2) signaling during the neuronal development process. ERK-1/2 is a key component of its mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) group, controlling certain neurological activities by regulating metabolic pathways, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. ERK-1/2 also influences neuronal elastic properties, nerve growth, and neurological and cognitive processing during brain injuries. The primary goal of this review is to elucidate the activation of ERK1/2 signaling, which is involved in the development of several ALS-related neuropathological dysfunctions. ALS is a rare neurological disorder category that mainly affects the nerve cells responsible for regulating voluntary muscle activity. ALS is progressive, which means that the symptoms are getting worse over time, and there is no cure for ALS and no effective treatment to avoid or reverse. Genetic abnormalities, oligodendrocyte degradation, glial overactivation, and immune deregulation are associated with ALS progression. Furthermore, the current review also identifies ERK-1/2 signaling inhibitors that can promote neuroprotection and neurotrophic effects against the clinical-pathological presentation of ALS. As a result, in the future, the potential ERK-1/2 signaling inhibitors could be used in the treatment of ALS and related neurocomplications.
Background: : Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic chronic neuroinflammatory disease characte... more Background: : Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic chronic neuroinflammatory disease characterized by neurodegeneration that clinically presents motor neuron disabilities, memory, and cognitive dysfunction. Recent findings suggest that the down-regulation of SIRT-1 associated with the progression of MS. Solanesol (SNL) is an active phytoconstituent isolated from the plant Nicotiana tobacum, belonging to the Solanaceae family and a significant biosynthetic precursor to CoQ10 with potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Chemically, it is a long-chain non-cyclic terpene alcohol that consists of nine isoprene units. Purpose: : In the current study, we investigated the neuroprotective potential of SNL (40-80 mg/kg) in intracerebropeduncle (ICP) ethidium bromide (EB) induced MS-like neurobehavioral alterations in Wistar rats. Methods: : Wistar rats were equally divided into six groups (n = 6) and treated with 0.1%/10 l of ethidium bromide injection for seven days. Long-term treatment with SNL shows neuroprotective potential by improving motor function, grip strength, memory and cognition. Results: : Our findings are primarily related to the upregulation of SIRT-1 level and the myelin basic protein in the brain. In addition, SNL also modulates the level of apoptotic markers (caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) with mitochondrial-ETC complex dysfunction in the rat brain. Further, SNL decreased inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-1), oxidative stress markers, and restored neurotransmitter levels. Our findings also reveal the neuroprotective effect of SNL by restoring gross pathological alterations and reducing the volume of demyelination in rats. Thus, the present study concludes that SNL as a SIRT-1 signaling activator has neuroprotective potential against EB-induced MS rats. Hence, SIRT-1 signaling may be an effective therapeutic target strategy for the treatment of MS. However, more investigations are needed to be carried out to prove these beneficial effects.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology, 1970
Schiff base denotes a reaction product of a primary amine and a carbonyl compound. Schiff bases p... more Schiff base denotes a reaction product of a primary amine and a carbonyl compound. Schiff bases possess a wide variety of biological activity specially antibacterial and antifungal properties. Metal complexes of Schiff base have been studied for their biological activities. This review articles provide a summary of medicinal chemistry features of Schiff base and various reports published on biological activities of Schiff base and its metal complexes.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
Energy consumption of nodes during the transmission is an important factor for the efficiency and... more Energy consumption of nodes during the transmission is an important factor for the efficiency and lifetime of a mobile ad hoc network. The reduction in consumption of energy can be achieved, only when its consumption at each step is known. The purpose of this paper is to formulate the mathematical model of energy consumption of network on the basis on links and available nodes in order to formulate the energy optimization function. The probability of link failure in route and innetwork have been taken into consideration as constraints while formulating the objective function of estimated energy consumption, as the low connectivity is one of the challenges due to mobility in ad hoc network.
In Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET), power conservation and utilization is an acute problem and has... more In Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET), power conservation and utilization is an acute problem and has received significant attention from academics and industry in recent years. Nodes in MANET function on battery power, which is a rare and limited energy resource. Hence, its conservation and utilization should be done judiciously for the effective functioning of the network. In this paper, a novel protocol namely Energy Reduction Multipath Routing Protocol for MANET using Recoil Technique (AOMDV-ER) is proposed, which conserves the energy along with optimal network lifetime, routing overhead, packet delivery ratio and throughput. It performs better than any other AODV based algorithms, as in AOMDV-ER the nodes transmit packets to their destination smartly by using a varying recoil off time technique based on their geographical location. This concept reduces the number of transmissions, which results in the improvement of network lifetime. In addition, the local level route maintenance reduces the additional routing overhead. Lastly, the prediction based link lifetime of each node is estimated which helps in reducing the packet loss in the network. This protocol has three subparts: an optimal route discovery algorithm amalgamation with the residual energy and distance mechanism; a coordinated recoiled nodes algorithm which eliminates the number of transmissions in order to reduces the data redundancy, traffic redundant, routing overhead, end to end delay and enhance the network lifetime; and a last link reckoning and route maintenance algorithm to improve the packet delivery ratio and link stability in the network. The experimental results show that the AOMDV-ER protocol save at least 16% energy consumption, 12% reduction in routing overhead, significant achievement in network lifetime and packet delivery ratio than Ad hoc on demand multipath distance vector routing protocol (AOMDV), Ad hoc on demand multipath distance vector routing protocol life maximization (AOMR-LM) and Source routing-based multicast protocol (SRMP) algorithms. Hence, the AOMDV-ER algorithm performs better than these recently developed algorithms.
In last few years, many countries in the world have shown huge interest in smart grid technology.... more In last few years, many countries in the world have shown huge interest in smart grid technology. They are facing many challenges in the process of deployment of this technology at ground level. Hence a planned research is required to meet those challenges within time. This paper provides a detailed description of progress in the field of demand side management, demand response programs, distributed generation, technical issues in the way of their progress and key advantages, which will be received after the final deployment of these programs. Renewable energy resources are also becoming a main part of distributed generation, which provides a solution for environmental problems caused by conventional power plants. Few countries are working on the deployment of the advanced metering system. Along with this, the scope of research in various programs of smart grid technology has been explored.
Trigeminal neuralgia is a very peculiar disease. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia, also known as ... more Trigeminal neuralgia is a very peculiar disease. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia, also known as “tic douloureux”, is characterized by episodic, paroxysmal, triggered pain in a distribution of 1 or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. TN pain attacks may result from physiologic changes induced by a chronic partial injury to the brainstem trigeminal nerve root from a variety of causes. An early and accurate diagnosis of TN is important, because therapeutic interventions can reduce or eliminate pain attacks in the large majority of TN patients. (Gupta A, Singh SK, Sahu R. Trigeminal Neuralgia A review. www.journalofdentofacialsciences.com 2012; 1(1): 27-31)
There is growing evidence that transportation-related noise is not merely an annoyance; like othe... more There is growing evidence that transportation-related noise is not merely an annoyance; like other forms of pollution, it has wide-ranging adverse health, social, and economic effects (Tsunokawa and Hoban, 1997; Goines and Hagler, 2007). Highway traffic noise is a form of noise like all other sounds, and is a form of acoustic energy, which differs from pleasant sounds only being the fact that it often disturbs those residing in the highway neighborhoods and low-noise areas. Globally, highway traffic noise is a growing problem, particularly, in urban areas where traffic is growing at a rapid pace, and is seriously considered a sustainable ''quality of life'' issue. Generally, a 3 decibel (dB(A)) noise addition is estimated with each doubling of traffic (Hanson
H ealthcare providers are socially recognized and required by society to care and their job invol... more H ealthcare providers are socially recognized and required by society to care and their job involves personal investment to fulfill their role. There are significant effects associated with the providing patient care; including burnout and compassion fatigue which we are all very familiar with. However, there is another less familiar yet more profound effect called vicarious trauma. Vicarious trauma is an internal transformation caused by repeated exposure to experiences in dealing with pain, suffering, and death daily. The result may be lingering intrusive images, avoidance behaviors, isolating physically, anxiety, detachment, and feelings of isolation. It is important to examine the challenge of separating work from one's personal life. Organization's suffer with higher absenteeism, changes in co-workers' relationships, and possible outbreaks of aggressive behaviors among staff. Stress related to intense working environments and high patient acuity are some of the main reasons newer nurses leave the profession. Review of the literature, while showing the prevalence of burnout and compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma does not provide information on useful, effective interventions to prevent these complications of the healthcare work. Proactive coping is more future-oriented, with having in place general resources to overcome challenging experiences and allow the nurse to cope more effectively. The inservice will provide very specific strategies for health promotion behaviors and resiliency; how to put these very specific acquired insights into practice to decrease or minimize the effect of working with the sick, dying, and/or critically ill patients and families.
To know the relationship of morphological variation of sella turcica (ST) with Class II malocclus... more To know the relationship of morphological variation of sella turcica (ST) with Class II malocclusion. The sample in this study were 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs divided into two groups Class I and Class II skeletal malocclusion based on the ANB value, each group was randomized and identified by morphology of ST and later compared with the value ANB from each group. The findings of this study indicate a significant difference between morphological variation of ST in Class I and class II malocclusion. The normal morphology of ST was observed in, 68% of Class I and 12% of Class II skeletal malocclusion subjects. Irregular (notching) of the posterior wall was higher in Class II malocclusion (26%) and in Class I malocclusion, it was only 8%. To distinguish between normal and atypical appearances, the orthodontist should be conversant with the various morphologies of the ST.
Globally, roadway traffic noise is a growing problem, particularly, in the urban areas and is con... more Globally, roadway traffic noise is a growing problem, particularly, in the urban areas and is considered a sustainable “quality of life” issue. In the context of India as well, transportation-related noise is a major concern in the urban areas of major cities, particularly, in the vicinity of hospitals, schools, libraries, etc. The major objective of this research study was to develop a methodology to evaluate tire / pavement noise of the various road types and sections in Bangalore. The scope of the effort included field noise measurements of the seventeen conventional asphalt concrete (AC), four portland cement concrete (PCC), and two Plastic Modified asphalt concrete (PMAC) in Bangalore city covering about 24 kilometers of roadway stretches at varying traffic speeds. Field noise measurements were performed using a noise meter mounted underneath a trailer developed in this study and attached to the parent vehicle (car). Overall, PMAC sections produced the highest noise levels than...
Polyphenols-based Nanotherapeutics for Cancer Management, 2021
Every year, large populations of primary malignant brain tumors are reported, of which approximat... more Every year, large populations of primary malignant brain tumors are reported, of which approximately 70% are malignant gliomas. Over half of malignant glioma patients are of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) linked with high mortality rates. The progression of GBM leads through several complicated pathways, which have also been expressed in the recurring segment. Previous researches have shown that various compounds found in edible plants, known colloquially as phytochemicals, can simultaneously influence multiple genetic pathways and can be used to treat GBM as a potential drug agent. Polysaccharides and flavonoids are among the phytochemicals extensively analyzed for their antioxidant, antineoplastic, and anti-inflammatory actions. Likewise, a broad detail of phytochemicals that have significant effects on GBM had been provided. Green nanoparticles have the ability to prevent or reverse carcinogenesis by halting or redirecting the start process or stopping the progression phase. Centered on a deep understanding of the intrinsic properties of GBM, such novel methods of drug delivery have demonstrated promise to overcome certain barriers. The BBB obstructs drug distribution to the brain and inhibits the efficacy of both old and new medications at the specified location. Because current GBM treatments are preventative instead of therapeutic, new delivery mechanisms are critical, and nanoparticles will be at the forefront of future initiatives. This chapter discusses the role of natural phytochemicals in enhancing glioblastoma patient expectancy and life expectancy by increasing treatment potential and reducing significant side effects. Furthermore, many novel GBM treatments will use better delivery systems and abandon the current approach of injecting medications and devices directly into the tumor. Nano-biotechnology, especially nanoparticles, contributes significantly to improving the delivery of drugs into carcinoma cells, and many of these technologies can be used in GBM. Finally, this chapter therefore emphasized the potential of natural products and novel drug delivery systems in GBM treatment by regulating multiple cancer pathways, such as toxicity reduction and side effects.
Cell signal transduction pathways are essential modulators of several physiological and pathologi... more Cell signal transduction pathways are essential modulators of several physiological and pathological processes in the brain. During overactivation, these signaling processes may lead to disease progression. Abnormal protein kinase activation is associated with several biological dysfunctions that facilitate neurodegeneration under different biological conditions. As a result, these signaling pathways are essential in understanding brain disorders' development or progression. Recent research findings indicate the crucial role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2) signaling during the neuronal development process. ERK-1/2 is a key component of its mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) group, controlling certain neurological activities by regulating metabolic pathways, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. ERK-1/2 also influences neuronal elastic properties, nerve growth, and neurological and cognitive processing during brain injuries. The primary goal of this review is to elucidate the activation of ERK1/2 signaling, which is involved in the development of several ALS-related neuropathological dysfunctions. ALS is a rare neurological disorder category that mainly affects the nerve cells responsible for regulating voluntary muscle activity. ALS is progressive, which means that the symptoms are getting worse over time, and there is no cure for ALS and no effective treatment to avoid or reverse. Genetic abnormalities, oligodendrocyte degradation, glial overactivation, and immune deregulation are associated with ALS progression. Furthermore, the current review also identifies ERK-1/2 signaling inhibitors that can promote neuroprotection and neurotrophic effects against the clinical-pathological presentation of ALS. As a result, in the future, the potential ERK-1/2 signaling inhibitors could be used in the treatment of ALS and related neurocomplications.
Background: : Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic chronic neuroinflammatory disease characte... more Background: : Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic chronic neuroinflammatory disease characterized by neurodegeneration that clinically presents motor neuron disabilities, memory, and cognitive dysfunction. Recent findings suggest that the down-regulation of SIRT-1 associated with the progression of MS. Solanesol (SNL) is an active phytoconstituent isolated from the plant Nicotiana tobacum, belonging to the Solanaceae family and a significant biosynthetic precursor to CoQ10 with potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Chemically, it is a long-chain non-cyclic terpene alcohol that consists of nine isoprene units. Purpose: : In the current study, we investigated the neuroprotective potential of SNL (40-80 mg/kg) in intracerebropeduncle (ICP) ethidium bromide (EB) induced MS-like neurobehavioral alterations in Wistar rats. Methods: : Wistar rats were equally divided into six groups (n = 6) and treated with 0.1%/10 l of ethidium bromide injection for seven days. Long-term treatment with SNL shows neuroprotective potential by improving motor function, grip strength, memory and cognition. Results: : Our findings are primarily related to the upregulation of SIRT-1 level and the myelin basic protein in the brain. In addition, SNL also modulates the level of apoptotic markers (caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) with mitochondrial-ETC complex dysfunction in the rat brain. Further, SNL decreased inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-1), oxidative stress markers, and restored neurotransmitter levels. Our findings also reveal the neuroprotective effect of SNL by restoring gross pathological alterations and reducing the volume of demyelination in rats. Thus, the present study concludes that SNL as a SIRT-1 signaling activator has neuroprotective potential against EB-induced MS rats. Hence, SIRT-1 signaling may be an effective therapeutic target strategy for the treatment of MS. However, more investigations are needed to be carried out to prove these beneficial effects.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology, 1970
Schiff base denotes a reaction product of a primary amine and a carbonyl compound. Schiff bases p... more Schiff base denotes a reaction product of a primary amine and a carbonyl compound. Schiff bases possess a wide variety of biological activity specially antibacterial and antifungal properties. Metal complexes of Schiff base have been studied for their biological activities. This review articles provide a summary of medicinal chemistry features of Schiff base and various reports published on biological activities of Schiff base and its metal complexes.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
Energy consumption of nodes during the transmission is an important factor for the efficiency and... more Energy consumption of nodes during the transmission is an important factor for the efficiency and lifetime of a mobile ad hoc network. The reduction in consumption of energy can be achieved, only when its consumption at each step is known. The purpose of this paper is to formulate the mathematical model of energy consumption of network on the basis on links and available nodes in order to formulate the energy optimization function. The probability of link failure in route and innetwork have been taken into consideration as constraints while formulating the objective function of estimated energy consumption, as the low connectivity is one of the challenges due to mobility in ad hoc network.
In Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET), power conservation and utilization is an acute problem and has... more In Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET), power conservation and utilization is an acute problem and has received significant attention from academics and industry in recent years. Nodes in MANET function on battery power, which is a rare and limited energy resource. Hence, its conservation and utilization should be done judiciously for the effective functioning of the network. In this paper, a novel protocol namely Energy Reduction Multipath Routing Protocol for MANET using Recoil Technique (AOMDV-ER) is proposed, which conserves the energy along with optimal network lifetime, routing overhead, packet delivery ratio and throughput. It performs better than any other AODV based algorithms, as in AOMDV-ER the nodes transmit packets to their destination smartly by using a varying recoil off time technique based on their geographical location. This concept reduces the number of transmissions, which results in the improvement of network lifetime. In addition, the local level route maintenance reduces the additional routing overhead. Lastly, the prediction based link lifetime of each node is estimated which helps in reducing the packet loss in the network. This protocol has three subparts: an optimal route discovery algorithm amalgamation with the residual energy and distance mechanism; a coordinated recoiled nodes algorithm which eliminates the number of transmissions in order to reduces the data redundancy, traffic redundant, routing overhead, end to end delay and enhance the network lifetime; and a last link reckoning and route maintenance algorithm to improve the packet delivery ratio and link stability in the network. The experimental results show that the AOMDV-ER protocol save at least 16% energy consumption, 12% reduction in routing overhead, significant achievement in network lifetime and packet delivery ratio than Ad hoc on demand multipath distance vector routing protocol (AOMDV), Ad hoc on demand multipath distance vector routing protocol life maximization (AOMR-LM) and Source routing-based multicast protocol (SRMP) algorithms. Hence, the AOMDV-ER algorithm performs better than these recently developed algorithms.
In last few years, many countries in the world have shown huge interest in smart grid technology.... more In last few years, many countries in the world have shown huge interest in smart grid technology. They are facing many challenges in the process of deployment of this technology at ground level. Hence a planned research is required to meet those challenges within time. This paper provides a detailed description of progress in the field of demand side management, demand response programs, distributed generation, technical issues in the way of their progress and key advantages, which will be received after the final deployment of these programs. Renewable energy resources are also becoming a main part of distributed generation, which provides a solution for environmental problems caused by conventional power plants. Few countries are working on the deployment of the advanced metering system. Along with this, the scope of research in various programs of smart grid technology has been explored.
Trigeminal neuralgia is a very peculiar disease. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia, also known as ... more Trigeminal neuralgia is a very peculiar disease. The pain of trigeminal neuralgia, also known as “tic douloureux”, is characterized by episodic, paroxysmal, triggered pain in a distribution of 1 or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. TN pain attacks may result from physiologic changes induced by a chronic partial injury to the brainstem trigeminal nerve root from a variety of causes. An early and accurate diagnosis of TN is important, because therapeutic interventions can reduce or eliminate pain attacks in the large majority of TN patients. (Gupta A, Singh SK, Sahu R. Trigeminal Neuralgia A review. www.journalofdentofacialsciences.com 2012; 1(1): 27-31)
There is growing evidence that transportation-related noise is not merely an annoyance; like othe... more There is growing evidence that transportation-related noise is not merely an annoyance; like other forms of pollution, it has wide-ranging adverse health, social, and economic effects (Tsunokawa and Hoban, 1997; Goines and Hagler, 2007). Highway traffic noise is a form of noise like all other sounds, and is a form of acoustic energy, which differs from pleasant sounds only being the fact that it often disturbs those residing in the highway neighborhoods and low-noise areas. Globally, highway traffic noise is a growing problem, particularly, in urban areas where traffic is growing at a rapid pace, and is seriously considered a sustainable ''quality of life'' issue. Generally, a 3 decibel (dB(A)) noise addition is estimated with each doubling of traffic (Hanson
H ealthcare providers are socially recognized and required by society to care and their job invol... more H ealthcare providers are socially recognized and required by society to care and their job involves personal investment to fulfill their role. There are significant effects associated with the providing patient care; including burnout and compassion fatigue which we are all very familiar with. However, there is another less familiar yet more profound effect called vicarious trauma. Vicarious trauma is an internal transformation caused by repeated exposure to experiences in dealing with pain, suffering, and death daily. The result may be lingering intrusive images, avoidance behaviors, isolating physically, anxiety, detachment, and feelings of isolation. It is important to examine the challenge of separating work from one's personal life. Organization's suffer with higher absenteeism, changes in co-workers' relationships, and possible outbreaks of aggressive behaviors among staff. Stress related to intense working environments and high patient acuity are some of the main reasons newer nurses leave the profession. Review of the literature, while showing the prevalence of burnout and compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma does not provide information on useful, effective interventions to prevent these complications of the healthcare work. Proactive coping is more future-oriented, with having in place general resources to overcome challenging experiences and allow the nurse to cope more effectively. The inservice will provide very specific strategies for health promotion behaviors and resiliency; how to put these very specific acquired insights into practice to decrease or minimize the effect of working with the sick, dying, and/or critically ill patients and families.
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Papers by Rakesh Sahu