Drafts by Dev Raj Rai
Papers by Dev Raj Rai
Journal of Productive Discourse, 2024
The local-level election took place in 2017, marking the first such event after two decades follo... more The local-level election took place in 2017, marking the first such event after two decades following the restructuring of Nepal following the new Constitution. Subsequently, a second local-level election occurred in 2022, facilitating the selection of municipal representatives. Over six years, citizens have had the opportunity to benefit from the services provided by the local government (LG), aligning with the constitutional principle of delivering quality services directly to the people. Achieving this objective necessitates a well-established structure, efficient processes, and competent actors, all guided by the principles of good governance. Nepal's performance, as measured by the World Bank based on World Governance Indicators (WGI), has consistently fallen below the global average across six key indicators spanning from 1996 to 2022. Against this backdrop, efforts have been directed towards assessing the status of local governance in the Madhesh Province and offering viable suggestions for improvement to bolster the federal democratic system. Hence, this study focuses on the intellectual community within the province as its sample population. As opinions were collected, the research revealed that local governance in the Madhesh Province falls below the average standard. In light of this circumstance, local governments should enhance and reinforce local governance to support the institutionalization of federalism and democracy.
International Journal of Business Innovation, 2023
Nepal was restructured in 2015 and formed seven provinces according to the new constitution. Out ... more Nepal was restructured in 2015 and formed seven provinces according to the new constitution. Out of them, Madhesh province is located in the mid-southeast part of Nepal consisting of 136 local governments in 8 districts. Clause 21(4) of the Intergovernmental Fiscal Arrangement Act (2017) states that local government has to be capable of covering the administrative cost with internal revenues and the revenue shared by the central and provincial governments. Present laws and policies of the Nepal government have delegated exclusive power to the local governments. Section 5(1) of the Federation, Province, and Local Level (Coordination and Inter-relation) Act (2020) has provisioned power to the federal, provincial, and local governments to enact necessary laws, policies, and plans on the matters of respective powers delegated by the constitution and implement such powers for the local development. Based on this, local government has to formulate laws and frame development plans. This research has been carried out to understand what municipalities have done and what can be the way forward for strengthening the local economy. To study the aimed objective, mixed methods have been applied. Evidence revealed that the percentage of unregistered businesses is 68. The percentage of the LED budget is 5, actual expenditure is 3, and priority is 4. Out of the LED budget, emphasis on the agriculture sector is high since municipalities have allocated 68% of the total LED budget to this sector. Municipalities are suggested to establish regular progress reviews because the achievements measurement system is lacking.
International Journal of Business Innovation (IJBI) (ISSN: 2795-5036), 2022
In Madhesh Province of Nepal, 33.80 percent of municipalities have not passed the budget for the ... more In Madhesh Province of Nepal, 33.80 percent of municipalities have not passed the budget for the coming fiscal year 2021/22. For this to happen there may have some gaps and causes. To understand facts and suggest the way forward, this study was conducted. The study concluded that the local governments in Madhesh Province lack the provision of a participation mechanism. As practical implications, the lack of local participatory process has promoted very low outcomes than expected, access limits, and domination to motivate people who may produce conflict and instability. Therefore, this paper has suggested to each municipality for establishing a citizen engagement mechanism and build the capacity of citizens for stabilizing transparent and accountable governance.
Journal of Innovation and Social Science Research
There is a greater contribution of informal sector entrepreneurs to the nation in Nepal. Since it... more There is a greater contribution of informal sector entrepreneurs to the nation in Nepal. Since it is difficult to update the statistics of such businesses, Nepal may take advantage of developing micro-business into small and medium industries after microlevel study. Informal level businessmen can be trained and motivated to develop as an industrialist. Taking this idea into account, this study was carried out to find how informal entrepreneurs develop a strategy on the basis of a management accounting point of view. Four informal businesses in the Tarai region were selected for the study. A depth interview was carried out with the owner of the business. The study concluded that informal sector entrepreneurs are strategic even though they don't maintain the books of account, produce financial reports like systematized businesses. Their strategies were seemed for the present time but not for the long run because they lack the know-how.
There is a structural change in Nepal since 2015. Local government has been given the legislative... more There is a structural change in Nepal since 2015. Local government has been given the legislative, executive, and judiciary rights. Agriculture, tourism, industry and commerce, cooperative and financial institutions have been mandated as components of local economic development (LED). Micro, cottage, and small industries (MCSEs) are the foundation of the local economy. It is believed that excess cash inflow over outflow develops the local economy. To do so, how every level of government of Nepal is working for the growth of MCSEs is an interesting subject of study in the current situation of Nepal. To know the ac tual scenario of MCSEs in the locality, this study was carried out. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted. Primary and secondary data collection methods were applied. This study followed the deductive approach to explore the status of policies into
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2021
There is a greater contribution of informal sector entrepreneurs to the nation in Nepal. Since it... more There is a greater contribution of informal sector entrepreneurs to the nation in Nepal. Since it is difficult to update the statistics of such businesses, Nepal may take advantage of developing micro-business into small and medium industries after micro-level study. Informal level businessmen can be trained and motivated to develop as an industrialist. Taking this idea into account, this study was carried out to find how informal entrepreneurs develop a strategy on the basis of a management accounting point of view. Four informal businesses in the Tarai region were selected for the study. A depth interview was carried out with the owner of the business. The study concluded that informal sector entrepreneurs are strategic even though they don't maintain the books of account, produce financial reports like systematized businesses. Their strategies were seemed for the present time but not for the long run because they lack the know-how.
International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 2020
Cash is the lifeblood of construction projects. According to the Public Procurement Act 2007 of N... more Cash is the lifeblood of construction projects. According to the Public Procurement Act 2007 of Nepal, contractors can receive 20% of the total contract amount as advance payment to start the work and progress payments during the work to continue. However, the claim of these cash requires certain obligations to be fulfilled. The challenging matter for the continuation of work is the utilization of such cash to be managed in the planned way. How contractors manage the cash in the construction project is a question these days since many construction projects have time and cost overrun in Nepal. To find the answer to this question interview and document analysis techniques have been used for data collection and analysis. The study has concluded that contractors have to develop the cash flow forecasting ability to manage the cash in the construction projects in the Nepalese context.
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2020
The local government has to be productive and able to offer economic opportunities to the poor, c... more The local government has to be productive and able to offer economic opportunities to the poor, create wealth, generate jobs, increase incomes, and ultimately improve the quality of life for the long term prosperity and welfare of locality. A strategic plan for sustainable development is needed to change existing local conditions, mindsets by building capacity, organizing participatory processes and empowering stakeholders. The New Constitution of Nepal 2015 has delegated full authority to local government regarding the overall development of the locality such as a municipality. However, many questions about stakeholders' participation, transparency, accountability, openness, the capacity of people and local governments, inclusiveness, and equality are being raised. In this context, a case of economic development strategy set by Chaudandigadhi Municipality has been studied to answer these questions. Both primary and secondary data collection methods have been used to justify qualitative and quantitative research methods. This study has concluded that municipal authorities have to be empowered and development actors have to be harmonized and consolidated in local economic development activities.
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2020
There is a structural change in Nepal since 2015. Local government has been given the legislative... more There is a structural change in Nepal since 2015. Local government has been given the legislative, executive, and judiciary rights. Agriculture, tourism, industry and commerce, cooperative and financial institutions have been mandated as components of local economic development (LED). Micro, cottage, and small industries (MCSEs) are the foundation of the local economy. It is believed that excess cash inflow over outflow develops the local economy. To do so, how every level of government of Nepal is working for the growth of MCSEs is an interesting subject of study in the current situation of Nepal. To know the ac tual scenario of MCSEs in the locality, this study was carried out. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted. Primary and secondary data collection methods were applied. This study followed the deductive approach to explore the status of policies into practice.
Thesis Chapters by Dev Raj Rai
Thesis, 2020
For the long term prosperity and welfare of locality, the local government has to be productive a... more For the long term prosperity and welfare of locality, the local government has to be productive and able to offer economic opportunities to the poor, create wealth, generate jobs, increase incomes, and ultimately improve the quality of life. A strategic plan for sustainable development is needed to change existing local conditions, mindsets by building capacity, organizing participatory processes and empowering stakeholders. The New Constitution of Nepal 2015 has mandated a local government for local economic development as a full authority has been delegated to local government regarding the overall development of the municipality. However, many questions about stakeholders’ participation, transparency, accountability, openness, the capacity of people and local governments, inclusiveness, and equality are being raised. In this condition, this study attempted to answer these questions on the political economy perspective of the local economic development strategy set by Chaudandigadhi Municipality in the case study approach. For the study, both primary and secondary data collection methods have been used to justify qualitative and quantitative research methods.
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Drafts by Dev Raj Rai
Papers by Dev Raj Rai
Thesis Chapters by Dev Raj Rai