Papers by Rachana Binayke
Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. Genital tuberculosis, especially tubal involv... more Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. Genital tuberculosis, especially tubal involvement is an important cause of female infertility in developing countries. Aims and Objectives : To find out the incidence of tuberculous lesions of fallopian tube after detailed macroscopic and microscopic study. To study and analyse the tuberculous lesions of the fallopian tube in relation to that of clinical and pathological characteristics. Material and Methods : This prospective study inclusive of two hundred and seventy eight fallopian tube specimens over a period of two and half years were viewed thoroughly for tuberculous lesions based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings. Data collected thereof was analyzed. Results and Conclusion : Granulomatous tubal pathology was noted in 3.59% (10/278) of cases with tuberculous lesions constituting a major group (5 cases) (50%). Thus routine histopathological study of all tuberculous fallopian tube specimen is necessary because of possible effect on fertility, further management and follow-up.
International journal of scientific research, 2021
INTRODUCTION: Ophthalmic pathology is a scintillating subspeciality of pathology as the orbit is ... more INTRODUCTION: Ophthalmic pathology is a scintillating subspeciality of pathology as the orbit is an anatomically complex structure. Orbital lesions present with a variety of signs and symptoms and pose a great challenge in terms of diagnosis and management. Therefore, an effective communication between the ophthalmic surgeon and the histopathologist is imperative to provide detailed histopathological information that can be correlated with patient history and other clinical data. It was a prospective study carried out in the histopathology METHODOLOGY: department for a period of two years. A total of 85 cases including lesions of the eye and its adnexa were received comprising of formalin xed surgical biopsies and excised cases. The clinical along with radiological data including the age of presentation, gender, anatomical distribution were obtained and the lesions were analysed histopathologically by examining Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides with use of special stains and immunohistochemistry if required. Of 85 cases studied, the anatomical distribution showed highest frequency involving conjunctiva RESULTS: (35.29 %) followed by eyelid (31.8 %), uvea (8.2%), orbit (9.4 %) and least retina (7%). However, all lesions of the retina encountered were malignant. The overall study saw a male preponderance for all orbital lesions, with only dermoid cyst showing a female preponderance. The most common benign tumour in the study was dermoid (27.3%) followed by epidermal cyst (18.2%) and most frequently occurring malignant neoplasm was retinoblastoma (24%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (20%). Histopathology is the gold standard for the denitive CONCLUSION: diagnosis of ophthalmic lesions. It is essential for early diagnosis of malignant conditions, ensuring negative surgical margins for complete removal. Similarly, early diagnosis of various non neoplastic conditions like infections helps in deciding line of management. A multidisciplinary approach is highly recommended for early diagnosis and effective treatment of ophthalmic lesions.
International Journal of Medical and Health Research, Aug 1, 2018
Actinomycosis is a granulomatous suppurative bacterial disease caused by anaerobic actinomyces, P... more Actinomycosis is a granulomatous suppurative bacterial disease caused by anaerobic actinomyces, Primary cutaneous actinomycosis is a rare entity usually associated with external trauma and/or local ischemia and the diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion. Anaerobic cultures may be negative despite repeated attempts. Microscopic examination reveals the diagnosis in the majority of cases. We report a case of a primary cutaneous actinomycosis affecting the chin in a 22-year-old man .To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of primary cutaneous actinomycosis affecting the chin with osseous metaplasia.
Introduction: Idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum is a rare cutaneous disorder of benign nature ... more Introduction: Idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum is a rare cutaneous disorder of benign nature characterized by the existence of multiple, hard, calcified and asymptomatic nodules within the scrotal skin that occur without any metabolic or systemic disorder. The pathogenesis of this entity is still controversial. It can extensively affect the scrotal skin, but primary closure is usually achievable with good esthetic outcomes. Case series: We present two cases of idiopathic scrotal calcinosis in a 33 year old male and 20 year old male clinically suspected as sebaceous cysts and diagnosed on imprint cytology with confirmation on histopathology. Conclusion: This case series highlights the significant role of imprint cytology in the quick diagnosis of the rare entity of idiopathic scrotal calcinosis.
Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research, 2017
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is WHO grade II tumor representing less than 1% of all astroc... more Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is WHO grade II tumor representing less than 1% of all astrocytic tumors. It displays cellular atypia and pleomorphism to such an extent that it can be misdiagnosed as a high grade glioma thereby posing a diagnostic challenge especially during intraoperative squash preparations. The present case is a 16-yr-old boy with history of seizures and CT Brain showed a mass located in the right temporal lobe. The intraoperative cytological diagnosis of low grade glioneuronal tumor was rendered.Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma was confirmed on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This challenging case highlights the salient cytomorphologic features of this tumor along with differential diagnosis.
International Journal of Research and Review, 2021
Background and Objectives: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid offers an alternativ... more Background and Objectives: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid offers an alternative, as an immediate, preliminary procedure associated with low cost, little trauma and complications. Being superficial and easily accessible it is an ideal organ for FNAC. It is useful in diagnosis of inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytomorphological profile of thyroid lesions on FNAC with application of Bethesda system for reporting and perform cyto-histopathology correlation whenever possible with regards to age and sex distribution. Methodology: This two-year prospective study was conducted in the Cytology section of Pathology Department & included 243 cases of thyroid gland enlargement. The detailed history of the patient including age, sex, presenting symptoms and duration of thyroid gland enlargement along with any other significant findings was note. FNAC was performed as per the protocol using a 23-gauge needle and sme...
Cancer of the uterine cervix is one of the commonest malignancies of the female genital tract, us... more Cancer of the uterine cervix is one of the commonest malignancies of the female genital tract, usually presenting in the fourth decade. Only occasional reports of its spread to ovaries are available. While tumour metastasis to the ovary is common and often bilateral in over 50 per cent of cases, metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma to the ovary is infrequent. We report a case of bilateral tubo-ovarian metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of cervix
Warty squamous cell carcinoma (WSCC), a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma occurring in youn... more Warty squamous cell carcinoma (WSCC), a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma occurring in younger women, is primarily associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Although WSCC appears to exhibit less aggressive behaviour than typical well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma,it bears the risk of regional metastasis. Accor dingly, WSCC should be differentiated from other verruciform neoplasms.
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) are relatively rare WHO Grade I tumours which occur co... more Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) are relatively rare WHO Grade I tumours which occur commonly in the setting of familial syndrome of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). However cases in its absence are also reported in literature. We report a rare case of SEGA in a patient lacking symptoms of TSC.
True hermaphroditism is one of the rarest forms of ambiguous genitalia. Most of them are genotypi... more True hermaphroditism is one of the rarest forms of ambiguous genitalia. Most of them are genotypic females (46XX) and phenotypic males. Anatomical appearance of the genitalia varies. Age group also varies from childhood to adults depending on the medical attention sought. Gonadal tissue distribution also varies. We present a case of child of true hermaphroditism with bilateral ovotestes and reared as a male.
International Journal of Case Reports and Images, 2016
Introduction: Ganglioneuromas are benign, well differentiated tumors arising from the sympathetic... more Introduction: Ganglioneuromas are benign, well differentiated tumors arising from the sympathetic nervous system. However, they arise rarely in the adrenal glands. Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a very rare (0-6% of incidentalomas) tumor that arises from sympathetic ganglion/ chain and is made of mature ganglion cells, schwann cells, neurites and nerve fibers. Most cases of adrenal ganglioneuromas are incidentally diagnosed since they are mostly asymptomatic and produce symptoms rarely due to compression of neighboring structures. case report: We hereby present a rare case of an adult female patient presented with pain in abdomen diagnosed with a non-secretory adrenal mass who underwent laparoscopic excision of the mass. she was finally diagnosed on pathological examination to be an adrenal ganglioneuroma, one of the very rare tumors reported in literature. conclusion: Adrenal ganglioneuromas occur rarely and difficult in diagnosing preoperatively since symptoms vary and are mostly nonspeci...
International Journal of Research and Review, 2021
Introduction: Salivary gland lesions encompass a baffling subset of lesions with overlapping morp... more Introduction: Salivary gland lesions encompass a baffling subset of lesions with overlapping morphologies on cytomorphology, due to their heterogenous histologies and rare enough to sometimes bewilder even the most knowledgeable cytopathologists. The technique of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the evaluation of salivary gland lesion is simple to perform, saves time, reliable, safe and inexpensive. FNA is highly accurate when used in proper clinical setting and supported by appropriate clinical and relevant diagnostic data. Rapidity of obtaining a pathological diagnosis allows more intelligent therapeutic approach. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective study carried out in the cytology section of pathology department for a period of two years using fine needle aspiration as a diagnostic tool as per standard protocol. The clinical and radiological data were obtained from the patient’s case papers and collaboration with the operating surgeon, the lesions were analysed o...
Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 2018
Chylolymphatic cysts are rare variants of mesenteric lesions constituting 7.3% to 9.5% of all abd... more Chylolymphatic cysts are rare variants of mesenteric lesions constituting 7.3% to 9.5% of all abdominal cysts displaying variable presentation and having surgical implications in the pediatric age group. The preoperative imaging studies are suggestive however histopathological examination remains the gold standard for diagnosis. A two months old male child was admitted with complaints of bilious vomiting for three days which was initially nonbilious in nature. There were no other significant medical or surgical complaints. X ray abdomen showed evidence of intestinal obstruction.Ultrasound revealed a large cystic lesion in abdominal cavity with internal echos arising from the ileal mesentery on ultrasonography. Subsequently exploratory laparotomy with excision of ileal segment involved by cyst and ileoileal anastomosis was performed and cyst was sent for histopathological examination. On syringing milky white fluid was aspirated which on biochemical analysis confirmed the chylous nature. The histopathological examination revealed an unilocular cyst having a fibrous wall infiltrated by lymphocytes and macrophages and lined by single layer of flattened epithelium with few dilated lymphatic channels consistent with chylolymphatic cyst. Although vary rare, chylomesenteric cyst should be kept as one of the differential diagnosis of cystic masses of the abdomen.
Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2018
Introduction: The spinal meningeal lesions are a distinct and interesting group of lesions with a... more Introduction: The spinal meningeal lesions are a distinct and interesting group of lesions with a wide spectrum of clinical and histological presentation. The aim of our study was to analyse the clinic-radiological spectrum of spinal meningeal lesions with histopathological correlation. Methods: Our study comprised of 88 cases of spinal meningeal lesions over a consecutive 10 years period in tertiary care hospital. Descriptive cross-sectional study of cases including detailed clinical data of age, sex, duration of disease, type of lesion, and radiological findings of the patients was obtained. The analysis of all the cases was done by examining Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides with use of special stains and immunohistochemistry, if needed. Results: Male predominance was seen in spinal meningeal lesions with M: F ratio of 1.2:1 with 3rd and 4th decade age group was most commonly affected. These lesions were common in thoracic region followed by lumbar region .Neoplastic lesions of spinal meninges were more frequently encountered than non-neoplastic lesions. Meningioma (37.50 %) was the most common spinal meningeal tumor followed by lipoma (18.18 %). Psammomatous meningioma (45.45 %) was the most commonly observed histological type of meningioma. Epidermoid and dermoid cysts (23.92 %) were the most common cystic (non-neoplastic) meningeal lesions. Conclusion: Considering the rarity of spinal meningeal lesions, a multidisciplinary approach with the combination of clinical, radiological, and histopathological features forms the basis of its diagnostic approach.
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2018
Hypophysitis of the pituitary gland is a rare inflammatory disorder and broadly classified as pri... more Hypophysitis of the pituitary gland is a rare inflammatory disorder and broadly classified as primary and secondary hypophysitis. Primary hypophysitis is mainly of lymphocytic, granulomatous, and xanthomatous types. Among the various primary hypophysitis, granulomatous hypophysitis is rare type with an incidence of 1 in 10 million. The various forms of hypophysitis are misdiagnosed as pituitary adenoma in 40% cases. Idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis is even rarer inflammatory disorder accounting for <1% of cases involving panhypopituitarism with headache and visual disturbances. We report idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis in a 28-year-old female presenting with blurring of vision and headache.
Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 2018
Background: Spinal parenchymal lesions are rare with a wide spectrum of clinical and histological... more Background: Spinal parenchymal lesions are rare with a wide spectrum of clinical and histological presentation.The aims and objectives was to study the incidence and histopathological features of parenchymal lesions of spinal cord in relation to age,sex,clinical features, radiological findings and topographical distribution. Methods: We studied spinal lesions over a period of ten years in a tertiary care hospital. Our study comprised a total number of 241 surgical resection specimens of lesion of spinal cord out of which 73 cases of spinal cord parenchymal lesions were found. Primary vertebral tumors and paraspinal soft tissue lesions were excluded. Descriptive cross-sectional study of cases including detailed clinical data of age, sex, duration of disease, type of lesion, and radiological findings of the patients was obtained. All cases were analyzed by examining Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides with use of special stains and immunohistochemistry, as needed. Results: Male predominance was seen in spinal cord parenchymal lesions and 3rd and 4th decade age group was most commonly affected. These lesions were more common in thoracic region followed by cervical region .Neoplastic lesion of spinal cord parenchyma are more frequently encountered than nonneoplastic lesions. Astrocytomas (24.63 %) were commonest neoplastic spinal cord lesions with preponderance of low grade astrocytoma. Ependymomas and PNET accounted for 20.53 % and 4.10 % respectively Conclusion: The histopathological diagnosis of spinal parenchymal lesions can be extremely challenging, the difficulty exaggerated by small size of the specimen. In such situation a multidisciplinary approach including neurosurgeons, neuroradiologist and neuropathologist is highly recommended.
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017
Lymphomas account for 2%-5% of salivary gland neoplasms. The parotid gland is the most commonly i... more Lymphomas account for 2%-5% of salivary gland neoplasms. The parotid gland is the most commonly involved, constituting 70% of the cases, followed by submandibular gland (25%), sublingual and minor salivary glands (<10%). In present study a 56 years old seropositive male presented with a submandibular gland swelling of 2 months duration; along with multiple cervical lymphadenopathy. Grossly a single, well encapsulated, grayish-white tissue measuring 3x2.5x2 cms was received. It was solid, grayish-white on cut section. Histology revealed features of diffuse large B cell lymphoma with myoepithelial sialadenitis. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for LCA & CD20, thus confirming the histopathological diagnosis. Primary malignant lymphoma of salivary glands is uncommon. Inspite of malignant lymphoma being the second most common AIDS-associated neoplasm, it’s occurrence in submandibular gland is extremely rare.
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2017
Primary osteosarcoma of cervical spine is a rare condition with poor prognosis .The clinical, rad... more Primary osteosarcoma of cervical spine is a rare condition with poor prognosis .The clinical, radiological as well as histopathological features of osteosarcoma vary widely, often leading to diagnostic difficulties. The report highlights the rarity of osteosarcoma of the cervical vertebra wherein the radiological and clinical findings suggested an infective pathology and histological findings remained the gold standard for final diagnosis of neoplastic etiology. A 21-year-old female presented with pain in the nape of the neck and tingling numbness in left upper & lower limb. On examination patient had quadriparesis. Radiological investigations were suggestive of infective etiology most likely Koch's causing involvement of C3-C5 vertebrae with prevertebral, paravertebral, parapharyngeal and intraspinal infective soft tissues abscess. She underwent C4 laminectomy with excision of the lesion and C1-C7 fixation with titanium Hartshil. The patient eventually died in the post-operative period. The intraoperative squash diagnosis was reported as a spindle cell tumor with malignant potential. The subsequent neuropathological diagnosis of C4 vertebral tumor on paraffin sections revealed characteristic features of osteogenic sarcoma (osteoblastic variant) showing osteoblastic giant cells and neoplastic growth of atypical spindle shaped cells arranged in sheets and trabeculae laying down mineralized osteoid and permeating the adjoining host bone. Early detection and accurate diagnosis is important for improving not only patient prognosis but also the quality of life. We should always consider this rare entity, particularly in young patients who present with intractable neck pain.
Uploads
Papers by Rachana Binayke