In 2013-2014, research was carried out on a Bathihypogleyi-Haplic Luvisol (LVh-gld-w) soil with p... more In 2013-2014, research was carried out on a Bathihypogleyi-Haplic Luvisol (LVh-gld-w) soil with predominant sandy loam and pH KCl 4.9-5.2 with a view to finding out how composts produced from sewage sludge, green waste and biogas production waste influenced grain and straw yields of winter wheat grown in the first year after compost incorporation and spring barley grown in the second year after incorporation as well as the concentrations of nitrogen, potassium and heavy metals in grain and straw. The field experiment was conducted in the fields of Elmininkai Experimental Station (Anykščiai distr., Eastern Lithuania) of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The investigations proved that the composts incorporated without mineral fertilizer did not increase grain and straw of winter wheat grown in the first year after incorporation. During the second year, the composts increased the spring barley grain yield as follows: biogas-by 72.9%, green waste-68.6%, cattle manure-58.9% and sewage sludge-45.2%. The application of composts on the background of mineral fertilizers did not significantly increase winter wheat and spring barley grain and straw yields compared with mineral fertilizers. The concentration of chemical elements in plants depended on the compost degradation process in soil. During the first year after incorporation of composts, nitrogen (N) concentration in winter wheat grain was increased by biogas, and during the second year-by sewage sludge and green waste composts in spring barley grain. Potassium (K) concentration in winter wheat and spring barley straw was increased by cattle manure, biogas and sewage sludge composts. During the first year, all composts increased phosphorus (P) concentration in winter wheat straw. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cu) in grain and straw were close to the background levels. The composts used in the study increased the content of nickel in winter wheat and spring barley grain and straw somewhat more significantly.
Nutrient uptake and transport depend on the root system of a tree. Various apple rootstock genoty... more Nutrient uptake and transport depend on the root system of a tree. Various apple rootstock genotypes may interact fruit tree nutrition. The effect of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) rootstocks (M.
Liquid fertilizers are stored, manufactured, and transported in metallic tanks which can complete... more Liquid fertilizers are stored, manufactured, and transported in metallic tanks which can completely corrode if corrosion inhibitor is not added. Corrosion inhibitors form a protection layer which protects metallic surface from corrosion. The use of these protecting compounds in fertilizers industry has a huge economical importance. Depending on the chemical origin of fertilizers, different composition corrosion inhibitors are used. Usual ingredients of corrosion inhibitors are fatty acids, amines, surfactants, glycols. Amines are very difficult to analyze by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), because they strongly interact with column packing and separation of compounds becomes impossible. In order to determinate these compounds a derivatization is needed. Fatty acids and surfactants can be separated by HPLC-MS without any derivatization. In some cases, when the mixture is not complex (contains up to 5 compounds) it is useful to apply direct injection electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry (ESITOF- MS). It provides a possibility of direct injection and covers a broader scope of analytesBiochemijos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
ABSTRACT Cationically initiated copolymerization of carbazolyl oxiranes—9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbaz... more ABSTRACT Cationically initiated copolymerization of carbazolyl oxiranes—9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbazole and 3,6-dibromo-9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbazole with tetrahydrofuran has been studied. Reactivity ratios of comonomers have been estimated. Carbazolyl oxiranes are more active monomers in these systems. Kinetics of copolymerization of carbazolyl oxiranes with tetrahydrofuran have been studied by calorimetric technique. The values of reaction orders with respect to concentration of the catalyst BF3Et2O and of activation energy have been estimated. Results on photosensitivity of electrophotographic layers based on these copolymers are presented.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
In 2015-2016, research was carried out on a Haplic Luvisol (LV-ha) with predominant sandy loam an... more In 2015-2016, research was carried out on a Haplic Luvisol (LV-ha) with predominant sandy loam and a pH KCl of 4.9-5.2 with a view to finding out how composts produced from sewage sludge, green waste and biogas production waste influenced potato tuber, spring oilseed rape seed and threshing residues yields as well as the concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and heavy metals in tubers, seeds and threshing residues. An experiment was conducted in the fields of Elmininkai Experimental Station (Anykščiai distr., Eastern Lithuania) of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The composts were incorporated into the soil twice, in September in 2012 and in October in 2014. The mineral fertilisers used were ammonium nitrate, granular superphosphate and potassium chloride. Mineral fertilisers were applied in spring prior to sowing. Potato tuber yield in the treatments without mineral fertilisation was significantly increased by all types of composts applied in the experiment: biogas production waste compost-by 48.0%, green waste-43.5%, cattle manure-33.9% and sewage sludge-27.5%. However, these composts did not increase spring oilseed rape seed and threshing residues yields. Mineral fertilisers had a greater impact on them-the achieved seed yield increase was 40.4% higher. Chemical composition analyses of potato tubers, spring oilseed rape seeds and threshing residues showed that biogas production waste compost increased N concentration. In potato tubers K concentration was increased by all investigated composts, but most of all-by that of manure. In rape seeds, K concentration was increased by biogas production waste, sewage sludge and manure composts. In the yields of the investigated plants P concentrations were not affected by any of the composts applied. Compost influence on the variations of individual heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd and Ni) concentrations in potato tubers, spring oilseed rape seeds and threshing residues was different.
Biofuel production and bioenergy generation play significant role in the energy self-sufficiency ... more Biofuel production and bioenergy generation play significant role in the energy self-sufficiency of the countries, climate change mitigation, but also increase the accumulation of waste. The main waste of biomass burning process is ash and lime kiln dust. This study hypothesized that those materials could be potential fertilisers for agricultural crops. The aim of the research was to evaluate the uptake of nutrients in spring barley grain and straw when using granulated ash and bulk biofuel ash in an open-air pot experiment. The results obtained in pot experiment showed that using granulated ash an increase of total potassium (K tot) content (21.5-28.0 g kg-1) in spring barley straw was observed in 2018, while in 2017 the amount of K tot did not change significantly. Calcium concentration in straw increased significantly in the second year of the experiment. No significant changes in the content of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr) were observed in the soil. The concentrations of these metals did not exceed the permissible levels. Due to the high Cu and Zn concentration in biofuel ash, the content of these microelements increased in the soil. Overall, the content of major nutrients, microelements and heavy metals increased with increasing biofuel ash content in granules: in spring barley grain, Cd (0.003-0.030 mg kg-1) and Zn (4.58-22.5 mg kg-1) were detected, in straw-Zn and Cu.
Extensive application of mineral fertilizers resulted in high soil acidity, which is one of the m... more Extensive application of mineral fertilizers resulted in high soil acidity, which is one of the major problems for crop production and soil degradation. Industrial solid waste, such as lime kiln dust and wood ash, can be used as alternative liming materials to benefit sustainable agricultural development. In this work, pelletized lime kiln dust with and without wood ash was utilized as liming material and the results of the three-year field study were compared with conventional mineral-based liming materials. It was determined that pelletized lime kiln dust satisfies the requirements posed by the recent European Union regulations to qualify as liming materials. The application of 2000 kg/ha Ca equivalent pelletized lime kiln dust increased soil pHKCl by ~0.55 pH units. Moreover, pelletized lime kiln dust significantly increased spring wheat grain yields ranging from 33.6% to 40.4%, depending on the pellet size. The usage of these liming materials not only increased crop yield but al...
Vilnius : Lietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerija, 2019
Agronomijos fakultetasLietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijaLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų moks... more Agronomijos fakultetasLietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijaLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro Agrocheminių tyrimų laboratorijaLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro Vėžaičių filialasLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro Žemdirbystės institutasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Veterinarijos akademijaLietuvos žemės ūkio konsultavimo tarnybaVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
A model contaminated system was developed to determine mechanisms of napthalene bioaccumulation a... more A model contaminated system was developed to determine mechanisms of napthalene bioaccumulation and effect on the mineral composition of spring barley grain and straw grown in the Calcari-Endohypogleyic Luvisol. The soil was mixed with green waste compost and spiked with naphthalene which concentration varied from 0 to 500 ppm. Obtained results indicate that naphthalene additive at the concentration rate from 100 to 500 ppm reduced spring barley germination. The significant lower weight of green mass per pot, one plant weight and mass of 1000 grains were observed in the amendment with the highest naphthalene concentration (500 ppm). It was determined the daily intake (ED) of 16PAHs via spring barley grain and incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR). Estimated ED and ILCR of 16PAHs via spring barley ranged from 1.00 to 3.78 ng day−1 and 3.79 to 14.3 × 10−5 respectively. It should be noted that obtained results are higher around 10 times compared to previous studies performed using wheat grain. This study presents the mechanisms of naphthalene bioaccumulation and effect on the mineral composition of the most common agricultural plant spring barley grain and straw. Spring barley grain was found to have a higher content of nitrogen (N), boron (B) and phosphorous (P), whereas straw had a higher content of potassium (K), sodium (Na), chromium (Cr) and calcium (Ca).
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020
The application of composts could be accompanied by potential hazards to soil and humans, caused ... more The application of composts could be accompanied by potential hazards to soil and humans, caused by heavy metals and organic persistent pollutants. A total of 115 compost samples from four different origins (green waste composts, sewage sludge composts, mixed municipal waste composts after mechanical-biological treatment and mixed municipal waste compost) were collected to analyse the chemical composition, nutrients levels, seven heavy metals, 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Simulation models were used to estimate the heavy metal accumulation risk in soil and to evaluate the potential ecological risk to environment. After analysing chemical parameters of compost quality, it was found that sewage sludge composts contained the highest amounts of nitrogen (2.98%), phosphorus (4.44%) and organic matter (47.6%), and the highest potassium content (1.20%) was found in mixed municipal composts after mechanical-biological treatment. After having tested all the composts, green waste composts had the lowest content of the following nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur. High molecular weight PAHs dominated in green waste, sewage sludge and mixed municipal waste composts, and the opposite tendency was observed on mixed municipal waste composts after mechanical-biological treatment; low molecular weight PAHs were abundant. It was determined that, according to the total amount of 15 PAHs (16.54 mg kg −1 d.w.) and 7 PCBs (233.53 μg kg −1 d.w.), the most contaminated composts were produced from mixed municipal waste. As it was expected, the lowest level of PCBs (13.85 μg kg −1 d.w.) was found in green waste composts. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the shortest period in which zinc concentration in soil could increase twice is 2 years when applying continuously mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical-biological treatment. Based on Monte Carlo simulation results from repeated application of green waste composts, mixed municipal waste compost and mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical-biological treatment could double the soil background level of copper in 6 and 3 years respectively. Reducing the content of heavy metals in composts would be of great significance for minimising the damage caused by them.
In 2013-2014, research was carried out on a Bathihypogleyi-Haplic Luvisol (LVh-gld-w) soil with p... more In 2013-2014, research was carried out on a Bathihypogleyi-Haplic Luvisol (LVh-gld-w) soil with predominant sandy loam and pH KCl 4.9-5.2 with a view to finding out how composts produced from sewage sludge, green waste and biogas production waste influenced grain and straw yields of winter wheat grown in the first year after compost incorporation and spring barley grown in the second year after incorporation as well as the concentrations of nitrogen, potassium and heavy metals in grain and straw. The field experiment was conducted in the fields of Elmininkai Experimental Station (Anykščiai distr., Eastern Lithuania) of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The investigations proved that the composts incorporated without mineral fertilizer did not increase grain and straw of winter wheat grown in the first year after incorporation. During the second year, the composts increased the spring barley grain yield as follows: biogas-by 72.9%, green waste-68.6%, cattle manure-58.9% and sewage sludge-45.2%. The application of composts on the background of mineral fertilizers did not significantly increase winter wheat and spring barley grain and straw yields compared with mineral fertilizers. The concentration of chemical elements in plants depended on the compost degradation process in soil. During the first year after incorporation of composts, nitrogen (N) concentration in winter wheat grain was increased by biogas, and during the second year-by sewage sludge and green waste composts in spring barley grain. Potassium (K) concentration in winter wheat and spring barley straw was increased by cattle manure, biogas and sewage sludge composts. During the first year, all composts increased phosphorus (P) concentration in winter wheat straw. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cu) in grain and straw were close to the background levels. The composts used in the study increased the content of nickel in winter wheat and spring barley grain and straw somewhat more significantly.
Nutrient uptake and transport depend on the root system of a tree. Various apple rootstock genoty... more Nutrient uptake and transport depend on the root system of a tree. Various apple rootstock genotypes may interact fruit tree nutrition. The effect of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) rootstocks (M.
Liquid fertilizers are stored, manufactured, and transported in metallic tanks which can complete... more Liquid fertilizers are stored, manufactured, and transported in metallic tanks which can completely corrode if corrosion inhibitor is not added. Corrosion inhibitors form a protection layer which protects metallic surface from corrosion. The use of these protecting compounds in fertilizers industry has a huge economical importance. Depending on the chemical origin of fertilizers, different composition corrosion inhibitors are used. Usual ingredients of corrosion inhibitors are fatty acids, amines, surfactants, glycols. Amines are very difficult to analyze by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), because they strongly interact with column packing and separation of compounds becomes impossible. In order to determinate these compounds a derivatization is needed. Fatty acids and surfactants can be separated by HPLC-MS without any derivatization. In some cases, when the mixture is not complex (contains up to 5 compounds) it is useful to apply direct injection electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry (ESITOF- MS). It provides a possibility of direct injection and covers a broader scope of analytesBiochemijos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
ABSTRACT Cationically initiated copolymerization of carbazolyl oxiranes—9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbaz... more ABSTRACT Cationically initiated copolymerization of carbazolyl oxiranes—9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbazole and 3,6-dibromo-9-(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbazole with tetrahydrofuran has been studied. Reactivity ratios of comonomers have been estimated. Carbazolyl oxiranes are more active monomers in these systems. Kinetics of copolymerization of carbazolyl oxiranes with tetrahydrofuran have been studied by calorimetric technique. The values of reaction orders with respect to concentration of the catalyst BF3Et2O and of activation energy have been estimated. Results on photosensitivity of electrophotographic layers based on these copolymers are presented.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
In 2015-2016, research was carried out on a Haplic Luvisol (LV-ha) with predominant sandy loam an... more In 2015-2016, research was carried out on a Haplic Luvisol (LV-ha) with predominant sandy loam and a pH KCl of 4.9-5.2 with a view to finding out how composts produced from sewage sludge, green waste and biogas production waste influenced potato tuber, spring oilseed rape seed and threshing residues yields as well as the concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and heavy metals in tubers, seeds and threshing residues. An experiment was conducted in the fields of Elmininkai Experimental Station (Anykščiai distr., Eastern Lithuania) of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The composts were incorporated into the soil twice, in September in 2012 and in October in 2014. The mineral fertilisers used were ammonium nitrate, granular superphosphate and potassium chloride. Mineral fertilisers were applied in spring prior to sowing. Potato tuber yield in the treatments without mineral fertilisation was significantly increased by all types of composts applied in the experiment: biogas production waste compost-by 48.0%, green waste-43.5%, cattle manure-33.9% and sewage sludge-27.5%. However, these composts did not increase spring oilseed rape seed and threshing residues yields. Mineral fertilisers had a greater impact on them-the achieved seed yield increase was 40.4% higher. Chemical composition analyses of potato tubers, spring oilseed rape seeds and threshing residues showed that biogas production waste compost increased N concentration. In potato tubers K concentration was increased by all investigated composts, but most of all-by that of manure. In rape seeds, K concentration was increased by biogas production waste, sewage sludge and manure composts. In the yields of the investigated plants P concentrations were not affected by any of the composts applied. Compost influence on the variations of individual heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd and Ni) concentrations in potato tubers, spring oilseed rape seeds and threshing residues was different.
Biofuel production and bioenergy generation play significant role in the energy self-sufficiency ... more Biofuel production and bioenergy generation play significant role in the energy self-sufficiency of the countries, climate change mitigation, but also increase the accumulation of waste. The main waste of biomass burning process is ash and lime kiln dust. This study hypothesized that those materials could be potential fertilisers for agricultural crops. The aim of the research was to evaluate the uptake of nutrients in spring barley grain and straw when using granulated ash and bulk biofuel ash in an open-air pot experiment. The results obtained in pot experiment showed that using granulated ash an increase of total potassium (K tot) content (21.5-28.0 g kg-1) in spring barley straw was observed in 2018, while in 2017 the amount of K tot did not change significantly. Calcium concentration in straw increased significantly in the second year of the experiment. No significant changes in the content of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr) were observed in the soil. The concentrations of these metals did not exceed the permissible levels. Due to the high Cu and Zn concentration in biofuel ash, the content of these microelements increased in the soil. Overall, the content of major nutrients, microelements and heavy metals increased with increasing biofuel ash content in granules: in spring barley grain, Cd (0.003-0.030 mg kg-1) and Zn (4.58-22.5 mg kg-1) were detected, in straw-Zn and Cu.
Extensive application of mineral fertilizers resulted in high soil acidity, which is one of the m... more Extensive application of mineral fertilizers resulted in high soil acidity, which is one of the major problems for crop production and soil degradation. Industrial solid waste, such as lime kiln dust and wood ash, can be used as alternative liming materials to benefit sustainable agricultural development. In this work, pelletized lime kiln dust with and without wood ash was utilized as liming material and the results of the three-year field study were compared with conventional mineral-based liming materials. It was determined that pelletized lime kiln dust satisfies the requirements posed by the recent European Union regulations to qualify as liming materials. The application of 2000 kg/ha Ca equivalent pelletized lime kiln dust increased soil pHKCl by ~0.55 pH units. Moreover, pelletized lime kiln dust significantly increased spring wheat grain yields ranging from 33.6% to 40.4%, depending on the pellet size. The usage of these liming materials not only increased crop yield but al...
Vilnius : Lietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerija, 2019
Agronomijos fakultetasLietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijaLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų moks... more Agronomijos fakultetasLietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijaLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro Agrocheminių tyrimų laboratorijaLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro Vėžaičių filialasLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro Žemdirbystės institutasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Veterinarijos akademijaLietuvos žemės ūkio konsultavimo tarnybaVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
A model contaminated system was developed to determine mechanisms of napthalene bioaccumulation a... more A model contaminated system was developed to determine mechanisms of napthalene bioaccumulation and effect on the mineral composition of spring barley grain and straw grown in the Calcari-Endohypogleyic Luvisol. The soil was mixed with green waste compost and spiked with naphthalene which concentration varied from 0 to 500 ppm. Obtained results indicate that naphthalene additive at the concentration rate from 100 to 500 ppm reduced spring barley germination. The significant lower weight of green mass per pot, one plant weight and mass of 1000 grains were observed in the amendment with the highest naphthalene concentration (500 ppm). It was determined the daily intake (ED) of 16PAHs via spring barley grain and incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR). Estimated ED and ILCR of 16PAHs via spring barley ranged from 1.00 to 3.78 ng day−1 and 3.79 to 14.3 × 10−5 respectively. It should be noted that obtained results are higher around 10 times compared to previous studies performed using wheat grain. This study presents the mechanisms of naphthalene bioaccumulation and effect on the mineral composition of the most common agricultural plant spring barley grain and straw. Spring barley grain was found to have a higher content of nitrogen (N), boron (B) and phosphorous (P), whereas straw had a higher content of potassium (K), sodium (Na), chromium (Cr) and calcium (Ca).
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020
The application of composts could be accompanied by potential hazards to soil and humans, caused ... more The application of composts could be accompanied by potential hazards to soil and humans, caused by heavy metals and organic persistent pollutants. A total of 115 compost samples from four different origins (green waste composts, sewage sludge composts, mixed municipal waste composts after mechanical-biological treatment and mixed municipal waste compost) were collected to analyse the chemical composition, nutrients levels, seven heavy metals, 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Simulation models were used to estimate the heavy metal accumulation risk in soil and to evaluate the potential ecological risk to environment. After analysing chemical parameters of compost quality, it was found that sewage sludge composts contained the highest amounts of nitrogen (2.98%), phosphorus (4.44%) and organic matter (47.6%), and the highest potassium content (1.20%) was found in mixed municipal composts after mechanical-biological treatment. After having tested all the composts, green waste composts had the lowest content of the following nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur. High molecular weight PAHs dominated in green waste, sewage sludge and mixed municipal waste composts, and the opposite tendency was observed on mixed municipal waste composts after mechanical-biological treatment; low molecular weight PAHs were abundant. It was determined that, according to the total amount of 15 PAHs (16.54 mg kg −1 d.w.) and 7 PCBs (233.53 μg kg −1 d.w.), the most contaminated composts were produced from mixed municipal waste. As it was expected, the lowest level of PCBs (13.85 μg kg −1 d.w.) was found in green waste composts. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the shortest period in which zinc concentration in soil could increase twice is 2 years when applying continuously mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical-biological treatment. Based on Monte Carlo simulation results from repeated application of green waste composts, mixed municipal waste compost and mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical-biological treatment could double the soil background level of copper in 6 and 3 years respectively. Reducing the content of heavy metals in composts would be of great significance for minimising the damage caused by them.
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